Floating fan and method for optimizing tension of mooring cable of floating fan

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind driven generators, and discloses a floating type fan and a floating type fan mooring cable tension optimization method.The floating type fan comprises a floating platform, a tower barrel, a wind turbine generator set, mooring cables and a rotary wind barrel, the tower barrel is vertically arranged on the floating platform, the wind turbine generator set is arranged at the top of the tower barrel, and the three mooring cables are distributed in a triangular shape; one end of each mooring rope is connected with the floating platform, a sensor is arranged on each mooring rope, the rotary air duct is rotationally arranged outside the tower drum, and the rotary air duct is in signal connection with the sensor. When one mooring rope bears the limit load, and the loads of the other two mooring ropes are small, the rotary air duct is started, and the draught fan bears the windward resistance component; when the mooring rope is stressed, a lateral thrust component is also exerted, so that the displacement of the fan in the wind wave direction is converted into side offset, the stress of the mooring rope is readjusted, the situation that only one mooring rope bears extreme load originally is automatically relieved, and the performance potential of the mooring rope can be fully exerted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of offshore wind turbine technology, specifically to floating wind turbines and a method for optimizing the tension of floating wind turbine mooring cables. Background Technology

[0002] Floating wind turbines are a technology that uses floating structures to support wind turbines and generate electricity at sea. Unlike traditional stationary wind turbines, floating wind turbines can be deployed in deeper waters with richer wind resources, thus significantly improving power generation efficiency.

[0003] In existing technologies, the distributed mooring system for offshore floating wind turbines is completely passive in resisting marine environmental loads. Under extreme marine environmental conditions, the distributed mooring system for floating wind turbines may only have a single anchor cable bearing the extreme load. In this case, the performance of the mooring system will be significantly reduced, or even fail and be destroyed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a floating wind turbine and a method for optimizing the tension of its mooring cable, in order to solve the problem in the prior art where, when a single anchor cable is subjected to extreme loads in a distributed mooring system for a floating offshore wind turbine passively resisting marine environmental loads, the performance of the mooring system may be reduced or even fail.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a floating wind turbine, comprising a floating platform, a tower, a wind turbine generator, mooring cables, and a rotating wind turbine. The floating platform is adapted to float on water, the tower is vertically mounted on the floating platform, the wind turbine generator is mounted on the top of the tower, and three mooring cables are arranged in a triangular pattern. One end of the mooring cable is connected to the floating platform, and the other end is adapted to be connected to an anchor end. A sensor is provided on the mooring cable, and the rotating wind turbine is rotatably mounted outside the tower and is connected to the sensor signal.

[0006] Beneficial effects: When one mooring cable bears the ultimate load while the other two mooring cables bear smaller loads, the rotating wind turbine is activated. Under the Magnus effect, the wind turbine is subjected to a lateral thrust component in addition to the wind resistance component. This causes the wind turbine to shift from its original displacement along the wind and wave direction to a side offset, forming an angle. This allows the stress on the mooring cable to be readjusted, automatically alleviating the situation where only one mooring cable was bearing the extreme load, thus fully utilizing the performance potential of the mooring cable.

[0007] In one alternative embodiment, the rotating duct includes a cylinder and a first drive assembly. The cylinder is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the tower, and the first drive assembly is disposed on the tower and movably connected to the cylinder.

[0008] Beneficial effects: When one of the mooring cables bears the ultimate load, while the other two mooring cables bear smaller loads, the first drive assembly is activated to drive the cylinder to rotate. This causes the fan to be subjected to a lateral thrust component in addition to the wind resistance component. As a result, the fan shifts from its original displacement along the wind and wave direction to a side offset, forming an angle. This allows the force on the mooring cables to be readjusted, automatically alleviating the situation where only one mooring cable was bearing the extreme load.

[0009] In one alternative embodiment, the first drive assembly includes a first driver and a gear ring. The first driver is located outside the tower and has a gear on it. The gear ring is located inside the tower and meshes with the gear.

[0010] In one alternative embodiment, the rotating duct includes a cylinder and blades, with the cylinder rotatably mounted outside the tower and the blades disposed outside the cylinder.

[0011] Beneficial effects: The present invention has blades installed on the outside of the cylinder, which can be driven to rotate by natural wind power.

[0012] In one alternative implementation, the blades are hinged to the outer wall of the cylinder.

[0013] Beneficial effects: The present invention sets the blades as a folding structure, which can be unfolded when the rotating fan is turned on and folded up when the rotating fan is turned off, so as to prevent affecting the safe distance of the fan's normal operation.

[0014] In one alternative embodiment, a second drive assembly is provided on the outside of the cylinder, and the second drive assembly is movably connected to the blade.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The second drive component of this invention can control the unfolding or folding of the blades, and has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation.

[0016] In one alternative embodiment, the second drive assembly includes a second driver and a pull rod. The second driver is disposed on the outer wall of the cylinder, and one end of the pull rod is hinged to the driver and the other end is hinged to the blade.

[0017] In one alternative embodiment, a bearing is provided between the cylinder and the tower cylinder.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a bearing between the cylinder and the tower, which can support the cylinder and reduce friction.

[0019] In one alternative implementation, the floating platform includes a platform and pontoons, with a tower mounted on the platform and three pontoons arranged in a triangle on the platform, each pontoon having a mooring cable connected to its bottom.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The three pontoons in this invention form a stable triangular structure, which effectively resists capsizing and slippage. The streamlined design of each pontoon also reduces wave resistance and provides some yaw power, making the platform more stable at sea.

[0021] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for optimizing the tension of mooring cables for floating wind turbines, applicable to the aforementioned floating wind turbines. The optimization method includes: Obtain the tension of each mooring cable; The obtained tension values ​​of the three mooring cables are compared with the preset values; If the tension of one of the mooring cables is greater than the tension of the other two mooring cables, a start signal is sent to the rotating wind tunnel. The rotating duct responds to the start signal and rotates until the tension of two of the mooring cables is greater than that of the other mooring cable, or the tension of the three mooring cables is similar.

[0022] Beneficial effects: This invention detects the tension of the mooring cables. When one mooring cable bears the ultimate load while the other two mooring cables bear smaller loads, a rotating fan is activated. Under the Magnus effect, the fan experiences not only the wind resistance component but also a lateral thrust component, causing the fan to shift from its original displacement along the wind and wave direction to a sideways displacement, forming an angle. This readjusts the stress on the mooring cables, automatically alleviating the situation where only one mooring cable bears the extreme load, thus fully utilizing the performance potential of the mooring cables. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a floating wind turbine with its blades deployed, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a floating wind turbine with its blades folded, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a floating fan after being acted upon by a rotating air duct, according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the forces acting on the rotating duct of a floating fan after startup, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first drive component in a floating wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second drive component in a floating wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for optimizing the tension of a floating wind turbine mooring cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Floating platform; 11. Platform; 12. Float; 2. Tower; 3. Wind turbine; 4. Mooring cable; 5. Rotating wind tunnel; 51. Tube body; 52. First drive assembly; 521. First actuator; 522. Gear; 523. Gear ring; 53. Blade; 54. Second drive assembly; 541. Second actuator; 542. Tie rod. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The following is combined Figures 1 to 7 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] According to embodiments of the present invention, in one aspect, such as Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a floating wind turbine is provided, including a floating platform 1, a tower 2, a wind turbine 3, mooring cables 4, and a rotating wind tunnel 5. The floating platform 1 is suitable for floating on water. The tower 2 is vertically installed on the floating platform 1. The wind turbine 3 is installed on the top of the tower 2. The three mooring cables 4 are distributed in a triangle. One end of the mooring cable 4 is connected to the floating platform 1, and the other end is suitable for connecting to the anchor end. The mooring cable 4 is equipped with a sensor. The rotating wind tunnel 5 is rotatably installed outside the tower 2 and is connected to the sensor signal.

[0029] Specifically, this embodiment does not limit the application scenarios of floating wind turbines. For example, in this embodiment, the floating wind turbine is applied at sea. Floating wind turbines deployed in deep-sea areas face extreme environmental challenges such as typhoons and complex sea conditions.

[0030] In this embodiment, the floating platform 1 floats on the sea, and the tower 2 is vertically installed at the center of the floating platform 1. A wind turbine 3 is installed at the top of the tower 2, which can convert wind energy into electrical energy. A rotating wind tunnel 5 is rotatably installed on the outside of the tower 2, and the length of the rotating wind tunnel 5 is less than the height of the tower 2. Three mooring cables 4 are installed at the bottom of the floating platform 1, and the three mooring cables 4 are distributed in a triangle. The end of the mooring cable 4 away from the floating platform 1 is set at the anchor end on the seabed. Each mooring cable 4 is equipped with a sensor. In this embodiment, the sensor is not specifically limited. For example, in this embodiment, a tension sensor is used to detect the tension borne by the mooring cable 4 in real time.

[0031] In this embodiment, under normal operating conditions of the floating wind turbine, the tension values ​​of the three mooring cables 4 are similar, the rotating wind tunnel 5 is not activated, and it remains stationary relative to the tower 2. Figures 1 to 4 As shown, when the floating wind turbine is under extreme marine environmental conditions, wind turbine unit 3 shuts down. The floating wind turbine, constrained by mooring cable 4, will drift with the wind and waves. If, during this process, the sensors detect that only one mooring cable 4 bears the ultimate load, while the other two mooring cables 4 bear smaller loads, then the rotating wind tunnel 5 can be activated. Under the Magnus effect, in addition to the wind resistance component, the floating wind turbine also experiences a lateral thrust component, causing it to shift from its original displacement along the wind and waves to a sideways drift, forming an angle. This readjusts the stress on mooring cable 4, automatically alleviating the situation where only one mooring cable 4 was bearing the extreme load.

[0032] When one of the mooring cables 4 of the floating wind turbine bears the ultimate load, while the other two mooring cables 4 bear smaller loads, the rotating wind turbine 5 is activated. Under the Magnus effect, in addition to the wind resistance component, the wind turbine also experiences a lateral thrust component, causing the wind turbine to shift from its original displacement along the wind and wave direction to a side offset, forming an angle. This readjusts the force on the mooring cable 4, automatically alleviating the situation where only one mooring cable 4 bears the extreme load, thus fully utilizing the performance potential of the mooring cable 4.

[0033] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and 5 As shown, the rotating duct 5 includes a duct body 51 and a first drive assembly 52. ​​The duct body 51 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the tower 2, and the first drive assembly 52 is disposed on the tower 2 and is movably connected to the duct body 51.

[0034] Specifically, in this embodiment, the inner diameter of the cylinder 51 is larger than the outer diameter of the tower 2. The cylinder 51 is rotatably sleeved at the middle position outside the tower 2. The first drive assembly 52 is disposed on the tower 2 and is movably connected to the cylinder 51 to drive the cylinder 51 to rotate. The first drive assembly 52 is connected to the sensor signal. When the sensor detects that only a single mooring cable 4 bears the ultimate load, while the other two mooring cables 4 have smaller loads, it sends a start signal to the first drive assembly 52. ​​The first drive assembly 52 drives the cylinder 51 to rotate until the tension on the three mooring cables 4 is similar, at which point the first drive assembly 52 stops driving the cylinder 51 to rotate.

[0035] When one of the mooring cables 4 bears the ultimate load, while the other two mooring cables 4 bear smaller loads, the first drive assembly 52 is activated to drive the cylinder 51 to rotate. This causes the fan to be subjected to a lateral thrust component in addition to the wind resistance component. As a result, the fan changes from being displaced along the wind and wave direction to being offset to the side, forming an angle. This readjusts the force on the mooring cable 4 and automatically alleviates the situation where only one mooring cable 4 was bearing the extreme load.

[0036] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first drive assembly 52 includes a first driver 521 and a gear ring 523. The first driver 521 is located outside the tower 2 and a first gear 522 is provided on the first driver 521. The gear ring 523 is located inside the cylinder 51 and meshes with the gear 522.

[0037] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first driver 521 is a motor. The first driver 521 is connected to the sensor signal. The first driver 521 is vertically installed on the outer wall of the tower 2. The driving end of the first driver 521 is provided with a first gear 522. The cylinder 51 is provided with a gear ring 523. The gear ring 523 meshes with the gear 522. When the first driver 521 drives the gear 522 to rotate, it drives the gear ring 523 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the cylinder 51.

[0038] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the rotating duct 5 includes a duct body 51 and blades 53. The duct body 51 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the tower 2, and the blades 53 are disposed on the outside of the duct body 51.

[0039] Specifically, in this embodiment, the outer wall of the cylinder 51 is provided with a plurality of vertical axis blades 53 in the circumferential direction, and the blades 53 are naturally driven by wind. The blades 53 can be set on the outer side of the cylinder 51 near the top or bottom.

[0040] The present invention provides blades 53 on the outside of the cylinder 51, which can drive the cylinder 51 to rotate using natural wind power.

[0041] In one embodiment, the blade 53 is hinged to the outer wall of the cylinder 51.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment, the blade 53 includes a body and a mounting frame. The body is disposed on one side of the mounting frame, and the side of the mounting frame away from the body is hinged to the outer wall of the cylinder 51. The blade 53 has an extended state perpendicular to the cylinder 51 and a folded state close to the cylinder 51 on the outer wall of the cylinder 51. In the extended state, the windward area of ​​the blade 53 increases, which can drive the cylinder 51 to rotate under the action of wind. In the folded state, the windward area of ​​the blade 53 decreases, preventing the cylinder 51 from rotating.

[0043] The present invention sets the blade 53 as a folding structure, which can be unfolded when the rotating wind duct 5 is turned on and folded up when the rotating wind duct 5 is turned off, so as to prevent affecting the safe distance for normal operation of the fan.

[0044] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, a second drive assembly 54 is provided on the outside of the cylinder 51, and the second drive assembly 54 is movably connected to the blade 53.

[0045] Specifically, in this embodiment, a second drive assembly 54 is provided on the outside of the cylinder 51. The second drive assembly 54 is movably connected to the blade 53 and is also connected to the sensor signal. When the sensor detects that only one mooring cable 4 is bearing the ultimate load, while the other two mooring cables 4 have smaller loads, it sends a start signal to the second drive assembly 54. The second drive assembly 54 drives the blade 53 to unfold. Under the action of wind, the blade 53 drives the cylinder 51 to rotate until the tension on the three mooring cables 4 is similar. Then, the second drive assembly 54 drives the blade 53 to fold up.

[0046] The present invention provides a second drive component 54 to control the unfolding or folding of the blades 53, which has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation.

[0047] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the second drive assembly 54 includes a second driver 541 and a pull rod 542. The second driver 541 is disposed on the outer wall of the cylinder 51, and one end of the pull rod 542 is hinged to the driver and the other end is hinged to the blade 53.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, the second driver 541 is a telescopic motor. The driver is set on the outer wall of the cylinder 51. One end of the pull rod 542 is hinged to the driving end of the driver, and the other end is hinged to the blade 53. The second driver 541 is connected to the sensor signal. The second driver 541 can drive the pull rod 542 to move horizontally, thereby realizing the unfolding and folding of the blade 53.

[0049] In one embodiment, a bearing is provided between the cylinder 51 and the tower 2.

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, three bearings are provided between the cylinder 51 and the tower 2. The bearings are roller bearings, with the inner ring of the bearing connected to the outer wall of the tower 2 and the outer ring connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 51.

[0051] The present invention provides a bearing between the cylinder 51 and the tower 2, which can support the cylinder 51 and reduce friction.

[0052] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the floating platform 1 includes a platform 11 and pontoons 12. A tower 2 is set on the platform 11, and three pontoons 12 are arranged in a triangle on the platform 11. Each pontoon 12 is connected to a mooring cable 4 at its bottom.

[0053] Specifically, in this embodiment, the float 12 is a cylindrical tube with a hollow interior. The three floats 12 are arranged in a triangular pattern at the bottom of the platform 11, and the tower 2 is vertically arranged in the middle of the platform 11. Under the buoyancy of the floats 12, the platform 11 and the tower 2 can float on the sea surface. Each float 12 is connected to a mooring cable 4 at its bottom.

[0054] In this invention, the three pontoons 12 form a stable triangular structure, a design that effectively resists capsizing and slippage. The streamlined design of each pontoon 12 also reduces wave resistance and provides a certain amount of yaw power, making the platform 11 more stable at sea.

[0055] According to an embodiment of the present invention, on the other hand, such as Figure 7 As shown, a method for optimizing the tension of the mooring cable 4 of a floating wind turbine is also provided, applied to the aforementioned floating wind turbine. The optimization method includes: Obtain the tension of each mooring cable 4; The obtained tension values ​​of the three mooring cables 4 are compared with the preset values; If the tension of one of the mooring cables 4 is greater than the tension of the other two mooring cables 4, a start signal is sent to the rotating wind tunnel 5. The rotating duct 5 rotates in response to the start signal until the tension of two of the mooring cables 4 is greater than that of the other mooring cable 4, or the tension of the three mooring cables 4 is similar.

[0056] Specifically, in this embodiment, three mooring cables 4 are arranged in a "Y" shape at the bottom of the float 12. Each mooring cable 4 is equipped with a sensor, which can acquire the tension of the mooring cable 4 in real time. Under normal operating conditions, the floating blower is stationary in the sea, and the tension values ​​on each mooring cable 4 are similar, or under normal wind and ocean current conditions, the tension in two of the mooring cables 4 is greater than the tension in the other mooring cable 4. When extreme weather such as typhoons occurs at sea, if the tension of one mooring cable 4 is greater than the tension of the other two mooring cables 4, the floating blower is pulled by only one mooring cable 4. The sensor sends a start signal to the rotating blower 5, and the rotating blower 5 responds to the start signal and rotates until the tension of the three mooring cables 4 is similar. In this state, the floating blower remains stable under the pull of at least two mooring cables 4, avoiding failure due to the load of a single mooring cable 4.

[0057] This invention detects the tension of the mooring cable 4. When one of the mooring cables 4 bears the ultimate load, while the other two mooring cables 4 bear smaller loads, the rotating fan 5 is activated. Under the Magnus effect, the fan is subjected to a lateral thrust component in addition to the wind resistance component. This causes the fan to shift from its original displacement along the wind and wave direction to a side offset, forming an angle. This readjusts the stress on the mooring cable 4, automatically alleviating the situation where only one mooring cable 4 bears the extreme load, thus fully utilizing the performance potential of the mooring cable 4.

[0058] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A floating fan, characterized in that, include: A floating platform (1) adapted to float on water; Tower (2), which is vertically mounted on the floating platform (1); Wind turbine (3), the wind turbine (3) is installed on the top of the tower (2); Mooring cable (4), three mooring cables (4) are arranged in a triangle, one end of the mooring cable (4) is connected to the floating platform (1), and the other end is adapted to be connected to the anchor end. The mooring cable (4) is equipped with a sensor. A rotating air duct (5) is rotatably disposed outside the tower (2), and the rotating air duct (5) is connected to the sensor signal.

2. The floating fan according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating air duct (5) includes: The cylindrical body (51) is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the tower (2); A first drive assembly (52) is disposed on the tower (2) and is movably connected to the cylinder (51).

3. The floating fan according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first driving component (52) includes: A first driver (521) is located outside the tower (2), and a gear (522) is provided on the first driver (521). A gear ring (523) is disposed inside the cylinder (51), and the gear ring (523) meshes with the gear (522).

4. The floating fan according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating air duct (5) includes: The cylindrical body (51) is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the tower (2); Blade (53), the blade (53) is disposed outside the cylinder (51).

5. The floating fan according to claim 4, characterized in that, The blade (53) is hinged to the outer wall of the cylinder (51).

6. The floating fan according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cylinder (51) is provided with a second drive assembly (54) on its outside, and the second drive assembly (54) is movably connected to the blade (53).

7. The floating fan according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second driving component (54) includes: The second actuator (541) is disposed on the outer wall of the cylinder (51); A pull rod (542), one end of which is hinged to the driver and the other end of which is hinged to the blade (53).

8. The floating fan according to claim 2, characterized in that, A bearing is provided between the cylinder (51) and the tower (2).

9. The floating fan according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floating platform (1) includes: Platform (11), the tower (2) is mounted on the platform (11); Three buoys (12) are arranged in a triangle on the platform (11), and each buoy (12) is connected to a mooring cable (4) at its bottom.

10. A method for optimizing the tension of mooring cables for floating wind turbines, characterized in that, The optimization method, applicable to any one of claims 1 to 9, includes: Obtain the tension of each mooring cable (4); The tension values ​​of the three mooring cables (4) obtained are compared with the preset values; If the tension of one of the mooring cables (4) is greater than the tension of the other two mooring cables (4), a start signal is sent to the rotating wind tunnel (5); The rotating duct (5) rotates in response to the start signal until the tension of two of the mooring cables (4) is greater than that of the other mooring cable (4), or the tension of the three mooring cables (4) is similar.

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