Multi-stage sealing hydraulic valve sealing structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic valves, and discloses a multistage sealing hydraulic valve sealing structure which comprises a valve body and an electromagnetic driving assembly, a main valve hole and a plurality of annular undercutting grooves are formed in the valve body, a main valve element is slidably connected in the valve body, a flow guide valve element is arranged on the outer surface of the middle of the main valve element, and a flow dividing groove is formed in the middle of the flow guide valve element; straight flow guide grooves are formed in the two sides of the flow guide valve element and communicate with the flow dividing grooves, the two ends of the main valve element extend into the corresponding end spring cavities, hollow guide assemblies are arranged in the end spring cavities, and each hollow guide assembly comprises an outer taper sleeve and an inner taper sleeve. Oil liquid is guided to evenly enter the annular undercutting groove through the flow dividing groove and the straight flow guiding groove, and radial lateral force borne by the main valve element in the main valve hole is counteracted. The hollow guide assembly guides redundant oil leaked from the end spring cavity to enter the oil return cavity, and hindering of hydraulic back pressure on linear movement of the main valve element is eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydraulic valve technology, specifically to a multi-stage sealing structure for a hydraulic valve. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic control valves in the prior art typically include a valve body and a control valve core that is slidably mounted inside the valve body. An external control mechanism drives the control valve core to move axially within the valve body via an electromagnet. The movement of the control valve core changes the connectivity between different oil passages within the valve body, allowing the hydraulic control valve to perform directional or pressure regulation actions in the hydraulic system.

[0003] High-pressure hydraulic fluid enters the valve body and directly impacts the cylindrical surface of the control valve core. The control valve core surface lacks a suitable hydraulic flow channel structure. This results in concentrated hydraulic impact forces in localized areas of the control valve core. The uneven flow field distribution exerts radial lateral forces on the control valve core. Under the pressure of these lateral forces, the control valve core deviates from the central axis of the valve orifice, causing unilateral friction between the outer wall of the control valve core and the inner wall of the valve orifice.

[0004] During its reciprocating movement, the control valve spool impacts the internal step of the valve bore, resulting in rigid mechanical collisions between the spool and the valve body. Prolonged mechanical impacts damage the surface structure of the control valve spool. Conventional hydraulic control valves rely solely on the clearance between the control valve spool and the valve bore for sealing. When the hydraulic system is under high pressure, oil from the high-pressure area leaks across this clearance into the low-pressure area, reducing the operational stability of the hydraulic control valve.

[0005] Excess oil leaking from the gaps slowly accumulates inside the spring chambers at both ends of the control valve spool. Lacking drainage channels, the accumulated oil creates hydraulic back pressure within the closed spring chambers. This back pressure generates resistance to the movement of the control valve spool. The electromagnet's drive rod bears a significant axial load when pushing the control valve spool against the hydraulic back pressure. Lacking radial guide support, the drive rod bends and deforms, causing its axis to deviate from the central axis of the control valve spool, resulting in jamming of the hydraulic control valve's drive mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-stage sealing structure for hydraulic valves, which solves the problems of mechanical impact during the reciprocating movement of the main valve core and leakage of internal high-pressure oil to low-pressure areas.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a multi-stage sealing hydraulic valve sealing structure, including a valve body, electromagnetic drive components are installed on both the left and right sides of the valve body, a main valve hole is opened inside the valve body, and multiple annular recessed grooves are opened inside the valve body, all of which are connected to the main valve hole.

[0008] The valve body is equipped with a valve core assembly, which includes a main valve core that is slidably connected inside the main valve hole, and a flow guide valve core is provided on the outer surface of the middle part of the main valve core.

[0009] Both ends of the outer surface of the flow guide valve core are connected to a main sealing shoulder, and a flow diversion groove is opened on the outer surface of the middle part of the flow guide valve core;

[0010] The outer surface of the flow guide valve core is provided with straight flow guide grooves on both sides, and the two straight flow guide grooves are respectively connected to the ends of the flow diversion grooves that extend to the left and right sides.

[0011] Both ends of the valve body and the corresponding electromagnetic drive components are enclosed to form end spring cavities, and both ends of the main valve core extend into the corresponding end spring cavities.

[0012] Preferably, the valve body surface is provided with multiple mounting holes, and the bottom of the valve body is provided with two working oil ports, an oil inlet port and an oil return port;

[0013] The oil inlet is connected to the interior of the annular submerged cutting groove located in the middle position, the two working oil ports are respectively connected to the interiors of the annular submerged cutting grooves on both sides of the oil inlet, and the oil return port is connected to the interiors of the two outermost annular submerged cutting grooves.

[0014] The valve body is fitted with a buffer sealing ring at the position corresponding to the two working oil ports, and the two buffer sealing rings are respectively located inside the corresponding annular cutting groove.

[0015] The material of the buffer sealing ring is the same as that of the valve body, and the inner side of the buffer sealing ring slides in fit with both ends of the outer surface of the main valve core.

[0016] Preferably, the electromagnetic drive assembly includes a magnetic shielding tube threadedly connected to the end of the valve body, and a sealing ring is provided at the connection between the magnetic shielding tube and the valve body;

[0017] An electromagnet housing is fitted on the outer surface of the magnetic shielding tube, and a fastening sleeve is threaded to the end of the magnetic shielding tube away from the valve body.

[0018] The fastening sleeve is pressed against the outside of the electromagnet housing, and a moving iron core is slidably connected inside the magnetic shielding tube. An electromagnetic push rod is fixedly connected to the side of the moving iron core near the valve body.

[0019] The electromagnetic push rod extends from the front end face of the valve body into the end spring cavity, and the electromagnetic push rod abuts against the end face of the main valve core.

[0020] Preferably, a hollow guide assembly is provided inside the end spring cavity, the hollow guide assembly includes an outer conical sleeve, and an inner conical sleeve is fixedly connected inside the outer conical sleeve;

[0021] The outer conical sleeve and the inner conical sleeve together enclose and form an oil return cavity;

[0022] The electromagnetic push rod slides through the inside of the inner conical sleeve, and the outer surface of the electromagnetic push rod slides in conjunction with the inner side of the inner conical sleeve.

[0023] Preferably, both the outer conical sleeve and the inner conical sleeve are funnel-shaped;

[0024] The larger diameter end of the outer conical sleeve faces the main valve core, and the smaller diameter end of the outer conical sleeve faces the electromagnetic drive assembly.

[0025] The inner conical sleeve is fixedly connected inside the smaller diameter end of the outer conical sleeve, and the larger diameter end of the inner conical sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer conical sleeve.

[0026] Preferably, a first sealing gasket is fixedly connected to the side of the outer cone sleeve near the valve body, and a second sealing gasket is abutted against the side of the first sealing gasket near the valve body;

[0027] The outer diameter of the second sealing gasket is smaller than that of the first sealing gasket, and the inner diameter of the second sealing gasket is the same as that of the first sealing gasket.

[0028] The two ends of the main valve core slide through the interiors of the corresponding first sealing gasket and second sealing gasket, respectively;

[0029] The outer surface of the main valve core slides in contact with the inner side of the first sealing gasket and the inner side of the second sealing gasket, respectively.

[0030] Preferably, the outer surface of the main sealing shoulder is provided with multiple flow-blocking annular grooves;

[0031] The outer edge of the buffer sealing ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding annular recessed groove.

[0032] Preferably, the flow guide valve core and the main sealing shoulder are integrally formed, both ends of the outer surface of the flow guide valve core are frustoconical, and the flow diversion groove is inverted V-shaped;

[0033] The flow-diverting groove and the two straight flow-guiding grooves are centrally symmetrically distributed on the outer surface of the flow-guiding valve core;

[0034] The straight guide groove is directly opposite the annular cutting groove corresponding to the position of the working oil port;

[0035] The straight guide groove extends radially outward along the guide valve core.

[0036] Preferably, the hollow guide assembly further includes a return spring sleeved on the outside of the outer conical sleeve;

[0037] The outer edge of the first sealing gasket has a protrusion, and the end of the return spring near the valve body abuts against the outer side of the protrusion;

[0038] The end of the return spring away from the valve body abuts against the inner wall of the magnetic shielding tube;

[0039] The second sealing gasket abuts against the end face of the valve body on the side closest to the valve body.

[0040] Preferably, an oil drain gap is reserved at the sliding fit between the inner side of the outer cone sleeve and the outer surface of the main valve core;

[0041] The oil return chamber is connected to the oil drain gap, and the oil return chamber is connected to the inside of the oil return port.

[0042] This invention provides a multi-stage sealing structure for a hydraulic valve. It offers the following advantages:

[0043] 1. This invention provides a flow guide valve core in the middle of the main valve core. The surface of the flow guide valve core has an inverted V-shaped flow dividing groove and a straight flow guide groove extending to both sides. The flow dividing groove and the straight flow guide groove are centrally symmetrically distributed on the outer surface of the flow guide valve core. When the oil enters the valve body, the impact is separated into two flow branches inside the flow dividing groove. Then, the oil flows along the flow dividing groove into the straight flow guide groove. The straight flow guide groove limits the flow direction of the oil and directly guides the oil into the annular sinking groove. The centrally symmetrical structural design counteracts the radial lateral force generated by the flow guide valve core under the impact of the oil, and the main valve core maintains a state of force balance inside the main valve hole.

[0044] 2. This invention embeds a buffer sealing ring of the same material as the valve body at the position corresponding to the working oil port of the valve body, and opens multiple parallel flow-blocking ring grooves on the outer surface of the main sealing shoulder. At the same time, a first sealing gasket and a second sealing gasket are set on the side of the outer cone sleeve close to the valve body. The main valve core slides against the inner side of the buffer sealing ring. The buffer sealing ring absorbs the mechanical impact force during the movement of the main valve core. The oil entering the flow-blocking ring groove generates a local vortex to prevent high-pressure oil from leaking to the low-pressure area. The combination of the first sealing gasket and the second sealing gasket forms a double end face sealing barrier. The multiple anti-leakage structures work together to reduce the amount of oil leakage inside the hydraulic valve.

[0045] 3. This invention provides a hollow guide assembly consisting of an outer conical sleeve and an inner conical sleeve inside the end spring cavity. The outer and inner conical sleeves enclose a return oil cavity. An oil drain gap is reserved at the sliding fit between the inner side of the outer conical sleeve and the main valve core. The oil leaking from the end spring cavity passes through the oil drain gap and enters the return oil cavity for temporary storage. The oil inside the return oil cavity is discharged into the return oil port along the connecting path. The oil drain channel formed by the combination of the oil drain gap and the return oil cavity eliminates the hydraulic back pressure accumulated inside the end spring cavity. The linear movement of the main valve core is not hindered by the oil accumulation at the end. The inner conical sleeve maintains the coaxiality of the electromagnetic push rod during the transmission of thrust and prevents the electromagnetic push rod from radially deflecting and deforming. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the oil port and mounting hole structure at the bottom of the valve body of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the electromagnetic drive component of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the end spring cavity structure of the valve body of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the valve body of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the valve core assembly and hollow guide assembly of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the valve core assembly of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 8 This is a partial schematic diagram of the hollow guide component of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the outer conical sleeve and the inner conical sleeve of the present invention.

[0055] The components are as follows: 1. Valve body; 2. Main valve hole; 3. Oil inlet; 4. Oil return port; 5. Working oil port; 6. Annular recessed groove; 7. End spring cavity; 8. Mounting hole; 9. Sealing ring; 10. Electromagnetic drive assembly; 101. Electromagnet housing; 102. Magnetic shielding tube; 103. Moving iron core; 104. Electromagnetic push rod; 105. Fastening sleeve; 11. Valve core assembly; 111. Main valve core; 112. Main sealing shoulder; 113. Flow guide valve core; 114. Diverting groove; 115. Straight flow guide groove; 116. Flow blocking ring groove; 117. Buffer sealing ring; 12. Hollow guide assembly; 121. Outer cone sleeve; 122. Inner cone sleeve; 123. Oil return cavity; 124. First sealing gasket; 125. Return spring; 126. Second sealing gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 5 A multi-stage sealing hydraulic valve sealing structure includes a valve body 1, with electromagnetic drive components 10 installed on both the left and right sides of the valve body 1, a main valve hole 2 opened inside the valve body 1, and multiple annular recessed grooves 6 opened inside the valve body 1, all of which are connected to the main valve hole 2.

[0058] Specifically, the valve body 1 serves as the supporting skeleton of the multi-stage sealing hydraulic valve sealing structure. The main valve hole 2 penetrates the central axis inside the valve body 1. Multiple annular recessed grooves 6 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the main valve hole 2 inside the outer sidewall of the main valve hole 2. The opening direction of the annular recessed grooves 6 faces the inside of the main valve hole 2. The inside of the annular recessed grooves 6 is used to accommodate externally entering oil. The electromagnetic drive assembly 10 is distributed at the end position of the main valve hole 2 in the extension direction. The electromagnetic drive assembly 10 is used to transmit linear thrust into the inside of the main valve hole 2.

[0059] Please see the appendix Figure 5 -Appendix Figure 7 The valve body 1 is equipped with a valve core assembly 11. The valve core assembly 11 includes a main valve core 111 that is slidably connected inside the main valve hole 2. A flow guide valve core 113 is provided on the outer surface of the middle part of the main valve core 111. Both ends of the outer surface of the flow guide valve core 113 are connected to a main sealing shoulder 112. A flow diversion groove 114 is opened on the outer surface of the middle part of the flow guide valve core 113.

[0060] Specifically, the outer wall of the main valve core 111 is attached to the inner wall of the main valve hole 2. The main valve core 111 slides back and forth linearly along the axial direction of the main valve hole 2. The guide valve core 113 moves synchronously inside the main valve hole 2, following the main valve core 111. The outer cylindrical surface of the main sealing shoulder 112 contacts the inner wall of the main valve hole 2. The main sealing shoulder 112 blocks the oil flow path between two adjacent annular recesses 6. The diversion groove 114 is recessed inside the guide valve core 113. The diversion groove 114 forms a buffer space for receiving oil. The oil entering the valve body 1 impacts inside the diversion groove 114. Subsequently, the oil flows dispersedly to both ends of the guide valve core 113 along the contour of the diversion groove 114.

[0061] Please see the appendix Figure 3 Appendix Figure 4 and attached Figure 7 The flow guide valve core 113 has two straight flow guide grooves 115 on both sides of its outer surface. The two straight flow guide grooves 115 are respectively connected to the ends of the flow diversion groove 114 that extend to the left and right sides. The valve body 1 has end spring cavities 7 formed between the left and right ends and the corresponding electromagnetic drive components 10. The two ends of the main valve core 111 extend into the corresponding end spring cavities 7.

[0062] Specifically, the bottom surface of the flat guide groove 115 is a flat structure, and the extension direction of the flat guide groove 115 is parallel to the axial direction of the main valve hole 2. The oil inside the diversion groove 114 flows into the flat guide groove 115. The flat guide groove 115 limits the flow direction of the oil. The end spring cavity 7 forms a hollow and sealed chamber. The left end of the main valve core 111 is suspended in the end spring cavity 7 located on the left side, and the right end of the main valve core 111 is suspended in the end spring cavity 7 located on the right side. The end spring cavity 7 provides a path for the axial linear movement of the main valve core 111.

[0063] Please see the appendix Figure 2 and attached Figure 5 The valve body 1 has multiple mounting holes 8 on its surface and two working oil ports 5, an oil inlet 3, and an oil return port 4 at its bottom. The oil inlet 3 is connected to the interior of the annular recessed groove 6 located in the middle. The two working oil ports 5 are connected to the interiors of the corresponding annular recessed grooves 6 on both sides of the oil inlet 3. The oil return port 4 is connected to the interiors of the two outermost annular recessed grooves 6. Buffer sealing rings 117 are embedded in the valve body 1 at the positions corresponding to the two working oil ports 5. The two buffer sealing rings 117 are located in the corresponding annular recessed grooves 6. The material of the buffer sealing rings 117 is the same as that of the valve body 1. The inner side of the buffer sealing rings 117 slides with the two ends of the outer surface of the main valve core 111.

[0064] Specifically, external fastening bolts pass through the mounting hole 8 to fix the valve body 1 to the surface of the external equipment. External high-pressure oil flows into the inlet 3 and delivers the high-pressure oil to the annular cutting groove 6 located in the middle. Working oil port 5 delivers working oil to the external hydraulic actuator. Low-pressure oil in the return port 4 is discharged towards the external oil tank. Buffer sealing ring 117 isolates the main valve core 111 from the internal metal surface of the valve body 1. Under the action of external force, the main valve core 111 is attached to the inner side of the buffer sealing ring 117 and slides relative to it. Buffer sealing ring 117 absorbs the mechanical impact force during the movement of the main valve core 111.

[0065] Please see the appendix Figure 3 and attached Figure 4 The electromagnetic drive assembly 10 includes a magnetic shielding tube 102 threaded to the end of the valve body 1, and a sealing ring 9 is provided at the connection between the magnetic shielding tube 102 and the valve body 1. An electromagnet housing 101 is sleeved on the outer surface of the magnetic shielding tube 102, and a fastening sleeve 105 is threaded to the end of the magnetic shielding tube 102 away from the valve body 1. The fastening sleeve 105 abuts against the outside of the electromagnet housing 101. A moving iron core 103 is slidably connected inside the magnetic shielding tube 102, and an electromagnetic push rod 104 is fixedly connected to the side of the moving iron core 103 near the valve body 1. The electromagnetic push rod 104 extends from the front end face near the valve body 1 into the end spring cavity 7, and the electromagnetic push rod 104 abuts against the end face of the main valve core 111.

[0066] Specifically, the sealing ring 9 fills the assembly gap between the magnetic shielding tube 102 and the valve body 1. The sealing ring 9 prevents the oil inside the end spring cavity 7 from leaking to the outside of the valve body 1. After the electromagnet housing 101 is connected to the external power supply, it generates a magnetic field. The magnetic lines of force inside the electromagnet housing 101 penetrate the tube wall of the magnetic shielding tube 102. Under the action of the magnetic field attraction, the moving iron core 103 slides along the inner wall of the magnetic shielding tube 102. The moving iron core 103 pushes the electromagnetic push rod 104 to move towards the main valve core 111. The end face of the electromagnetic push rod 104 is attached to the end face of the main valve core 111. The fastening sleeve 105 is tightened at the end of the magnetic shielding tube 102. The fastening sleeve 105 restricts the degree of freedom of movement of the electromagnet housing 101 on the outer surface of the magnetic shielding tube 102.

[0067] Please see the appendix Figure 3 Appendix Figure 4 and attached Figure 9 The end spring cavity 7 is provided with a hollow guide assembly 12, which includes an outer conical sleeve 121 and an inner conical sleeve 122 fixedly connected inside the outer conical sleeve 121. The outer conical sleeve 121 and the inner conical sleeve 122 together form an oil return cavity 123. The electromagnetic push rod 104 slides through the inside of the inner conical sleeve 122, and the outer surface of the electromagnetic push rod 104 slides with the inner side of the inner conical sleeve 122.

[0068] Specifically, the outer conical sleeve 121 covers the outer periphery of the inner conical sleeve 122. The oil return cavity 123 is distributed in an annular space between the inner side of the outer conical sleeve 121 and the outer side of the inner conical sleeve 122. The oil return cavity 123 is used to temporarily store the waste oil leaking from the end spring cavity 7. The inner wall of the inner conical sleeve 122 is attached to the outer surface of the electromagnetic push rod 104. The inner conical sleeve 122 restricts the movement trajectory of the electromagnetic push rod 104. The electromagnetic push rod 104 slides linearly along the axis of the inner hole of the inner conical sleeve 122. The hollow guide assembly 12 maintains the coaxiality of the electromagnetic push rod 104 during the transmission of thrust and prevents the electromagnetic push rod 104 from undergoing radial displacement deformation.

[0069] Please see the appendix Figure 9 Both the outer conical sleeve 121 and the inner conical sleeve 122 are funnel-shaped; the larger diameter end of the outer conical sleeve 121 faces the main valve core 111, and the smaller diameter end of the outer conical sleeve 121 faces the electromagnetic drive assembly 10; the inner conical sleeve 122 is fixedly connected inside the smaller diameter end of the outer conical sleeve 121, and the larger diameter end of the inner conical sleeve 122 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer conical sleeve 121.

[0070] Specifically, the funnel-shaped structure causes the internal cross-sectional area of ​​the outer cone sleeve 121 to gradually decrease from the direction of the main valve core 111 towards the direction of the electromagnetic drive assembly 10. The larger diameter end of the outer cone sleeve 121 forms a wide oil collection opening. The side inclination angle of the inner cone sleeve 122 is consistent with the side inclination angle of the outer cone sleeve 121. The internal cross-sectional area of ​​the oil return chamber 123 is gradually narrowed. The edge of the larger diameter end of the inner cone sleeve 122 is attached to and fixed on the inner wall of the outer cone sleeve 121. The connection between the outer cone sleeve 121 and the inner cone sleeve 122 cuts off the flow path of the oil directly across the inner cone sleeve 122.

[0071] Please see the appendix Figure 6 -Appendix Figure 9 A first sealing gasket 124 is fixedly connected to the side of the outer cone sleeve 121 near the valve body 1. A second sealing gasket 126 abuts against the side of the first sealing gasket 124 near the valve body 1. The outer diameter of the second sealing gasket 126 is smaller than the outer diameter of the first sealing gasket 124, and the inner diameter of the second sealing gasket 126 is the same as the inner diameter of the first sealing gasket 124. The two ends of the main valve core 111 slide through the interiors of the corresponding first sealing gasket 124 and second sealing gasket 126, respectively. The outer surface of the main valve core 111 slides in cooperation with the inner side of the first sealing gasket 124 and the inner side of the second sealing gasket 126, respectively.

[0072] Specifically, the first sealing gasket 124 covers the opening at the end of the outer conical sleeve 121, and the second sealing gasket 126 is attached to the surface of the first sealing gasket 124. The first sealing gasket 124 and the second sealing gasket 126 together form a double end face sealing barrier. The outer cylindrical metal surface of the main valve core 111 rubs and slides with the inner hole edge of the first sealing gasket 124, and the outer cylindrical metal surface of the main valve core 111 rubs and slides with the inner hole edge of the second sealing gasket 126. The second sealing gasket 126 with a smaller outer diameter leaves space for edge movement on the surface of the first sealing gasket 124.

[0073] Please see the appendix Figure 5 and attached Figure 7 Multiple flow-blocking annular grooves 116 are provided on the outer surface of the main sealing shoulder 112; the outer edge of the buffer sealing ring 117 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding annular recessed groove 6.

[0074] Specifically, multiple flow-blocking ring grooves 116 are parallel to each other and evenly distributed on the outer cylindrical metal surface of the main sealing shoulder 112. The flow-blocking ring grooves 116 increase the frictional resistance of the oil flowing along the surface of the main valve core 111. The oil entering the flow-blocking ring grooves 116 generates local vortices. The local vortices prevent high-pressure oil from leaking to the low-pressure area. The outer side of the buffer sealing ring 117 is tightly embedded in the metal groove wall of the annular recessed groove 6. The buffer sealing ring 117 remains stationary inside the annular recessed groove 6.

[0075] Please see the appendix Figure 7 The flow guide valve core 113 and the main sealing shoulder 112 are integrally formed. Both ends of the outer surface of the flow guide valve core 113 are frustum-shaped, and the flow diversion groove 114 is inverted V-shaped. The flow diversion groove 114 and two straight flow guide grooves 115 are centrally symmetrically distributed on the outer surface of the flow guide valve core 113. The straight flow guide groove 115 is directly opposite the annular sinker groove 6 at the position of the corresponding working oil port 5. The straight flow guide groove 115 extends outward along the radial direction of the flow guide valve core 113.

[0076] Specifically, the seamless one-piece molding structure enhances the mechanical compressive strength at the junction of the guide valve core 113 and the main sealing shoulder 112. The frustum-shaped outer surface guides the oil flowing through the main valve hole 2 to undergo a smooth change of direction. The inverted V-shaped diversion groove 114 evenly splits a concentrated high-pressure oil into two flow branches. The centrally symmetrical distribution design offsets the radial lateral force generated by the guide valve core 113 under the impact of the oil. The main valve core 111 maintains a state of force balance inside the main valve hole 2. The oil discharged from the straight guide groove 115 is directly sprayed into the annular sinking groove 6.

[0077] Please see the appendix Figure 6 and attached Figure 8The hollow guide assembly 12 also includes a return spring 125 sleeved on the outside of the outer cone sleeve 121; the outer edge of the first sealing gasket 124 is provided with a protrusion, and the end of the return spring 125 near the valve body 1 abuts against the outside of the protrusion; the end of the return spring 125 away from the valve body 1 abuts against the inner wall of the magnetic shielding tube 102; the side of the second sealing gasket 126 near the valve body 1 abuts against the end face of the valve body 1.

[0078] Specifically, the return spring 125 is wound inside the outer space of the outer cone sleeve 121. The return spring 125 is in a compressed state. The return spring 125 releases elastic restoring force and applies it to the protruding surface of the edge of the first sealing gasket 124. The inner metal wall of the magnetic shielding tube 102 provides a solid force support reference for the return spring 125. After the first sealing gasket 124 is pushed, it squeezes the second sealing gasket 126. The second sealing gasket 126 is tightly pressed onto the side end face of the valve body 1. The second sealing gasket 126 seals the connection gap between the main valve hole 2 and the end spring cavity 7.

[0079] Please see the appendix Figure 2 -Appendix Figure 9 An oil drain gap is reserved at the sliding fit between the inner side of the outer cone sleeve 121 and the outer surface of the main valve core 111; the oil return chamber 123 is connected to the oil drain gap and is connected to the inside of the oil return port 4.

[0080] Specifically, the drain gap allows a small amount of high-pressure leaking oil to flow along the surface of the main valve core 111. The waste oil accumulated inside the end spring cavity 7 passes through the drain gap into the return oil cavity 123 for temporary storage. The waste oil inside the return oil cavity 123 is eventually discharged into the return oil port 4. The drain gap and the return oil cavity 123 together form a complete low-pressure oil discharge channel. The oil discharge channel eliminates the hydraulic resistance accumulated inside the end spring cavity 7, and the linear movement of the main valve core 111 is not hindered by the oil accumulation at the end.

[0081] Working principle: When the hydraulic system starts working, external pressure oil flows into the oil inlet 3 at the bottom of the valve body 1. The external control circuit inputs an electrical signal to the electromagnet housing 101 on one side. A magnetic field is generated inside the electromagnet housing 101. The magnetic field attraction drives the moving iron core 103 to slide along the inside of the magnetic shielding tube 102 towards the main valve hole 2. The moving iron core 103 drives the electromagnetic push rod 104 to move synchronously. The electromagnetic push rod 104 passes through the center of the inner cone sleeve 122. The front end of the electromagnetic push rod 104 abuts against the end face of the main valve core 111. The electromagnetic push rod 104 overcomes the elastic force of the return spring 125 and pushes the main valve core 111 to slide axially inside the main valve hole 2.

[0082] After the main valve core 111 is displaced, the oil inside the inlet 3 flows into the annular submerged groove 6 located in the middle position. The oil continues to flow into the diversion groove 114 in the middle of the guide valve core 113. The diversion groove 114 separates the oil. The separated oil enters the two straight guide grooves 115 along the path of the diversion groove 114. After leaving the straight guide grooves 115, the oil enters the annular submerged groove 6 at the corresponding working port 5 position. The oil flows to the external actuator through the working port 5. At the same time as the main valve core 111 slides, the outer surface of the main valve core 111 rubs and slides on the inner ring surface of the buffer sealing ring 117. The main valve core 111 transmits mechanical impact force to the buffer sealing ring 117. The residual oil inside the working port 5 on the back pressure side flows through the outer annular submerged groove 6. The residual oil finally enters the return port 4 to complete the oil discharge action.

[0083] The external control circuit cuts off the power supply to the electromagnet housing 101, the magnetic force inside the electromagnet housing 101 disappears, the moving iron core 103 and the electromagnetic push rod 104 lose linear driving force, the return spring 125 in the compressed state releases elastic potential energy, the return spring 125 applies a reverse thrust to the protruding part of the edge of the first sealing gasket 124, the first sealing gasket 124 pushes the main valve core 111 back to the initial neutral position inside the main valve hole 2, the end face of the main valve core 111 pushes the electromagnetic push rod 104 in the opposite direction, the electromagnetic push rod 104 drives the moving iron core 103 to return to its original position inside the magnetic shielding tube 102. During the entire time period of the main valve core 111 moving, the excess oil leaking inside the main valve hole 2 enters the return oil chamber 123 through the oil drain gap, the oil contained in the return oil chamber 123 flows into the return oil port 4 along the connecting path, the oil draining process avoids the accumulation of excess oil inside the end spring chamber 7, the end spring chamber 7 maintains a smooth state without hydraulic back pressure.

Claims

1. A multi-stage sealing hydraulic valve sealing structure, comprising a valve body (1), characterized in that, Electromagnetic drive components (10) are installed on both the left and right sides of the valve body (1). A main valve hole (2) is opened inside the valve body (1). Multiple annular sinking grooves (6) are opened inside the valve body (1). The multiple annular sinking grooves (6) are connected to the main valve hole (2). The valve body (1) is equipped with a valve core assembly (11), which includes a main valve core (111) that is slidably connected inside the main valve hole (2), and a flow guide valve core (113) is provided on the outer surface of the middle part of the main valve core (111). The outer surfaces of the flow guide valve core (113) are connected to main sealing shoulders (112) at both ends, and the middle outer surface of the flow guide valve core (113) is provided with a flow diversion groove (114). The flow guide valve core (113) has flat flow guide grooves (115) on both sides of its outer surface. The two flat flow guide grooves (115) are respectively connected to the ends of the flow divider groove (114) that extend to the left and right sides. The valve body (1) has end spring cavities (7) formed between its left and right ends and the corresponding electromagnetic drive assembly (10), and the two ends of the main valve core (111) extend into the corresponding end spring cavities (7).

2. The multi-stage sealing hydraulic valve sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve body (1) has multiple mounting holes (8) on its surface, and the bottom of the valve body (1) has two working oil ports (5), an oil inlet (3) and an oil return port (4). The oil inlet (3) is connected to the interior of the annular submerged cutting groove (6) located in the middle position. The two working oil inlets (5) are respectively connected to the interior of the annular submerged cutting groove (6) on both sides of the oil inlet (3). The oil return inlet (4) is connected to the interior of the two annular submerged cutting grooves (6) located on the outermost side. The valve body (1) is fitted with a buffer sealing ring (117) at the position corresponding to the two working oil ports (5), and the two buffer sealing rings (117) are respectively located inside the corresponding annular sinking groove (6). The material of the buffer sealing ring (117) is the same as that of the valve body (1), and the inner side of the buffer sealing ring (117) slides with both ends of the outer surface of the main valve core (111).

3. The multi-stage sealing hydraulic valve sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electromagnetic drive assembly (10) includes a magnetic shielding tube (102) threaded to the end of the valve body (1), and a sealing ring (9) is provided at the connection between the magnetic shielding tube (102) and the valve body (1). The outer surface of the magnetic shielding tube (102) is fitted with an electromagnet housing (101), and a fastening sleeve (105) is threaded to one end of the magnetic shielding tube (102) away from the valve body (1). The fastening sleeve (105) abuts against the outside of the electromagnet housing (101), and the moving iron core (103) is slidably connected inside the magnetic shielding tube (102). The moving iron core (103) is fixedly connected to the side of the valve body (1) with an electromagnetic push rod (104). The electromagnetic push rod (104) extends from the front end face of the valve body (1) into the end spring cavity (7), and the electromagnetic push rod (104) abuts against the end face of the main valve core (111).

4. The multi-stage sealing hydraulic valve sealing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The end spring cavity (7) is provided with a hollow guide assembly (12), which includes an outer conical sleeve (121) and an inner conical sleeve (122) is fixedly connected inside the outer conical sleeve (121). The outer conical sleeve (121) and the inner conical sleeve (122) together enclose and form an oil return cavity (123). The electromagnetic push rod (104) slides through the interior of the inner conical sleeve (122), and the outer surface of the electromagnetic push rod (104) slides in cooperation with the inner side of the inner conical sleeve (122).

5. The multi-stage sealing hydraulic valve sealing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the outer conical sleeve (121) and the inner conical sleeve (122) are funnel-shaped; The larger diameter end of the outer cone sleeve (121) faces the main valve core (111), and the smaller diameter end of the outer cone sleeve (121) faces the electromagnetic drive assembly (10). The inner conical sleeve (122) is fixedly connected inside the smaller diameter end of the outer conical sleeve (121), and the larger diameter end of the inner conical sleeve (122) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer conical sleeve (121).

6. The multi-stage sealing hydraulic valve sealing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer cone sleeve (121) is fixedly connected to a first sealing gasket (124) on the side near the valve body (1), and the first sealing gasket (124) abuts against a second sealing gasket (126) on the side near the valve body (1). The outer diameter of the second sealing gasket (126) is smaller than the outer diameter of the first sealing gasket (124), and the inner diameter of the second sealing gasket (126) is the same as the inner diameter of the first sealing gasket (124). The two ends of the main valve core (111) slide through the interiors of the corresponding first sealing gasket (124) and second sealing gasket (126); The outer surface of the main valve core (111) slides in contact with the inner side of the first sealing gasket (124) and the inner side of the second sealing gasket (126), respectively.

7. The multi-stage sealing hydraulic valve sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer surface of the main sealing shoulder (112) is provided with multiple flow-blocking annular grooves (116). The outer edge of the buffer sealing ring (117) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding annular recess (6).

8. The multi-stage sealing hydraulic valve sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flow guide valve core (113) and the main sealing shoulder (112) are integrally formed. Both ends of the outer surface of the flow guide valve core (113) are frustum-shaped, and the flow distribution groove (114) is inverted V-shaped. The diversion groove (114) and the two straight guide grooves (115) are centrally symmetrically distributed on the outer surface of the guide valve core (113); The straight guide groove (115) is directly opposite the annular submerged cutting groove (6) at the position corresponding to the working oil port (5). The straight guide groove (115) extends radially outward along the guide valve core (113).

9. The multi-stage sealing hydraulic valve sealing structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hollow guide assembly (12) also includes a return spring (125) sleeved on the outside of the outer cone sleeve (121). The outer edge of the first sealing gasket (124) is provided with a protrusion, and the end of the return spring (125) near the valve body (1) abuts against the outer side of the protrusion; The end of the return spring (125) away from the valve body (1) abuts against the inner wall of the magnetic shielding tube (102); The second sealing gasket (126) abuts against the end face of the valve body (1) on the side near the valve body (1).

10. The multi-stage sealing hydraulic valve sealing structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, An oil drain gap is reserved at the sliding fit between the inner side of the outer cone sleeve (121) and the outer surface of the main valve core (111); The oil return chamber (123) is connected to the oil drain gap, and the oil return chamber (123) is connected to the inside of the oil return port (4).

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