Cross-correlation reconstruction method and system for time domain and frequency domain of rock breaking seismic source of drill jumbo
By reconstructing the seismic signal of the rock-breaking source of the rock-drilling rig using the generalized S-transform and time-frequency cross-correlation method, the problem of seismic wave field aliasing of the rock-breaking source of the rock-drilling rig was solved, realizing efficient extraction of underground reflection information and real-time geological exploration, thus improving construction efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANDONG UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the seismic wave fields of rock-breaking sources using rock-drilling rigs are severely mixed, making it difficult to extract information from weak-energy reflected waves, which affects the accuracy of geological forecasts and construction efficiency.
By employing the generalized S-transform and time-frequency cross-correlation method, the seismic signal of the rock-breaking source of the drilling rig is reconstructed through the time-frequency domain representation, sliding cross-correlation and inverse transform of the leader signal and the sidewall signal, and the underground reflection information is extracted.
It effectively extracts underground reflection information, optimizes seismic signal processing, enables real-time geological exploration in complex environments, and improves construction efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN122043554A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of seismic signal processing and intelligent detection technology, and in particular to a time-frequency domain cross-correlation reconstruction method and system for rock-breaking seismic sources using a rock-drilling rig. Background Technology
[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.
[0003] As tunnel excavation delves deeper into complex geological areas, unfavorable geological formations such as karst and fault fracture zones are frequently encountered during construction. To mitigate sudden risks, it is necessary to determine the geological structure ahead of the tunnel face in advance through geological forecasting methods. One commonly used advance forecasting method is seismic wave detection, which typically relies on artificial sources such as small-scale blasting or mechanical hammering to generate wave signals. However, this external excitation method suffers from drawbacks such as difficulty in source control, weak energy, weak reflected waves, and low acquisition efficiency. Furthermore, its implementation often requires pausing construction, making it difficult to coordinate with mechanized continuous tunneling and impacting construction efficiency.
[0004] In contrast, drilling operations using rock drilling rigs can serve as a continuous and stable source of seismic signals, enabling simultaneous excavation and exploration, thus possessing a natural excitation advantage. However, the direct wave energy in the rock-breaking source seismic wavefield of rock drilling rigs is strong and continuously excited, making it difficult to identify weak-energy reflected waves in seismic records. Furthermore, due to severe wavefield aliasing and the significant noise generated during rock drilling operations, effective information cannot be identified, making it difficult to directly apply conventional seismic data processing methods and imaging. Therefore, extracting weak-energy reflected wave information from the complex aliased seismic records to obtain interpretable seismic record maps is crucial for achieving prediction. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a time-frequency domain cross-correlation reconstruction method and system for rock-breaking seismic sources using a rock-drilling rig. Based on the generalized S-transform and time-frequency cross-correlation, it effectively extracts underground reflection information and reconstructs the wavefield characteristics of the seismic source during drilling.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a time-frequency domain cross-correlation reconstruction method for a rock-breaking seismic source of a rock-drilling rig, comprising: Collect seismic signals from rock-breaking sources during the drilling process of the rock drilling rig, including leader signals and sidewall signals; The generalized S-transform is performed on the leader signal and the sidewall signal respectively to obtain their respective time-frequency domain representations; By performing a sliding cross-correlation on the two time-frequency domain representations under a set time delay, the cross-correlation spectrum is obtained. The cross-correlation spectrum is recovered to the time domain through the inverse generalized S-transform to obtain the enhanced seismic signal.
[0007] As an alternative implementation method, for the leader signal The time-frequency domain representation obtained after performing the generalized S-transform for: ;in: A frequency-dependent Gaussian window; Centered on the time domain; For frequency.
[0008] As an alternative implementation method, the sidewall signal... The time-frequency domain representation obtained after performing the generalized S-transform for: ;in: A frequency-dependent Gaussian window; Centered on the time domain; For frequency.
[0009] As an alternative implementation method, the cross-correlation spectrum is: ;in, Time-frequency domain representation of the sidewall signal The complex conjugate; For time delay; Cross-correlation spectrum; Centered on the time domain; For frequency; This is the time-frequency domain representation of the leader signal.
[0010] As an alternative implementation method, the inverse transformation process includes: converting the cross-correlation spectrum... Frequency integration is performed to obtain the enhanced seismic signal. : ;in, Centered on the time domain; For frequency; This is a time delay.
[0011] As an alternative implementation method, a seismic signal acquisition device is used to acquire the seismic signals of the rock-breaking source during the drilling process of the rock drilling rig. The seismic signal acquisition device includes a pilot geophone, a sidewall geophone, and a signal acquisition host computer. The pilot geophone is arranged at the position of the drill arm and drill bit of the rock drilling rig. Multiple sidewall geophones are arranged in a straight line at equal intervals and are wirelessly connected. They are arranged on the tunnel sidewall and connected to the signal acquisition host computer.
[0012] Secondly, the present invention provides a time-frequency domain cross-correlation reconstruction system for a rock-breaking source of a rock-drilling rig, comprising: The acquisition module is configured to acquire seismic signals from rock-breaking sources during the drilling process of the rock drilling rig, including leader signals and sidewall signals. The generalized S-transform module is configured to perform generalized S-transform on the leader signal and the sidewall signal respectively to obtain their respective time-frequency domain representations; The cross-correlation module is configured to perform sliding cross-correlation on two time-frequency domain representations with a set time delay to obtain the cross-correlation spectrum. The reconstruction module is configured to recover the cross-correlation spectrum to the time domain through the inverse generalized S-transform, thereby obtaining the enhanced seismic signal.
[0013] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device including a memory and a processor, and computer instructions stored in the memory and running on the processor, wherein the computer instructions, when executed by the processor, perform the method described in the first aspect.
[0014] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, perform the method described in the first aspect.
[0015] Fifthly, the present invention provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in the first aspect.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention provides a time-frequency domain cross-correlation reconstruction method for rock-breaking seismic source data from a drilling rig based on generalized S-transform and time-frequency cross-correlation. This method extracts high-resolution time-frequency features of the rock-breaking seismic signal from the raw vibration signal acquired during drilling or on the drilling rig using generalized S-transform, and performs cross-correlation calculations in the time-frequency domain. This overcomes the challenges of non-stationarity and high noise in drilling source seismic signals, effectively extracting subsurface reflection information. This method does not require additional specialized equipment, optimizes the extraction and recovery of seismic reflection information, enables reconstruction of the wavefield features of the drilling source, and facilitates real-time geological exploration in complex environments.
[0017] Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the time-frequency domain cross-correlation reconstruction method for rock-breaking seismic sources provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a seismic record diagram of the drilling rig during drilling provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a time-frequency domain representation of the generalized S-transformed leader signal provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a time-frequency domain representation of the sidewall signal after the generalized S-transformation provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 The cross-correlation spectrum after time-frequency cross-correlation provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a reconstructed seismic record image provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0021] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.
[0022] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well. Furthermore, it should be understood that the terms “comprising” and “including”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.
[0023] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.
[0024] Example 1 This embodiment provides a time-frequency domain cross-correlation reconstruction method for the rock-breaking source of a rock-drilling rig, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: Collect seismic signals from rock-breaking sources during the drilling process of the rock drilling rig, including leader signals and sidewall signals; The generalized S-transform is performed on the leader signal and the sidewall signal respectively to obtain their respective time-frequency domain representations; By performing a sliding cross-correlation on the two time-frequency domain representations under a set time delay, the cross-correlation spectrum is obtained. The cross-correlation spectrum is recovered to the time domain through the inverse generalized S-transform to obtain the enhanced seismic signal.
[0025] In this embodiment, the seismic signal acquisition device for drilling and rock breaking using a rock drilling rig is first installed, including a pilot geophone, a sidewall geophone, and a signal acquisition host computer. Among them: the pilot geophone is placed on the drill arm of the rock drilling rig near the drill bit; multiple sidewall geophones are arranged in a straight line at equal intervals and wirelessly connected, fixed with expansion bolts, placed on the tunnel sidewall, and connected to the signal acquisition host computer to record the seismic wave signals propagating in the rock strata.
[0026] During rock drilling rig operations, pilot sensors and seismic detectors simultaneously acquire seismic signals from the rock-breaking source during the drilling process, including pilot signals. and sidewall signals ,like Figure 2 The image shown is a seismic record during drilling by a rock drilling rig.
[0027] In this embodiment, the generalized S-transform is performed on the leader signal and the sidewall signal respectively to obtain their respective time-frequency domain representations.
[0028] Among them, the generalized S-transform converts the seismic signal from the time domain to the time-frequency domain, which can simultaneously unfold the signal energy distribution in time and frequency, and obtain the local instantaneous spectral characteristics of the signal, which is beneficial for analyzing detailed information in non-stationary seismic signals.
[0029] Specifically: For the leader signal With the sidewall signal After performing the generalized S-transform, the resulting time-frequency domain representation is as follows: (1); (2); in: A frequency-dependent Gaussian window; Centered on the time domain; For frequency; The time-frequency domain representations of the leader signal and the sidewall signal are given.
[0030] like Figure 3 The figure shown is a time-frequency domain representation of the leader signal, as follows: Figure 4 The diagram shows the time-frequency domain representation of the sidewall signal.
[0031] In this embodiment, a sliding cross-correlation is performed on the two time-frequency domain representations under a set time delay to obtain the cross-correlation spectrum.
[0032] Among them, time-frequency cross-correlation helps to identify the time delay between different signals and further extract reflection coefficient information.
[0033] Specifically: Performing a sliding cross-correlation on the two generalized S-transform results, the resulting cross-correlation spectrum is as follows: (3); in, express The complex conjugate; Indicates a time delay; The cross-correlation spectrum reveals the similarity and time delay information of each frequency component.
[0034] like Figure 5 The image shows the cross-correlation spectrum obtained after time-frequency cross-correlation processing.
[0035] In this embodiment, the cross-correlation spectrum is recovered to the time domain through the inverse transformation of the generalized S-transform, and finally the enhanced seismic reflection signal is obtained.
[0036] Specifically: cross-correlation spectrum Frequency integration is performed to reconstruct the time series of reflection coefficients of the extracted subsurface medium, ultimately yielding the enhanced seismic signal. : (4).
[0037] Through this process, effective information about the reflection coefficients can be extracted from the time-frequency domain using cross-correlation methods, thereby optimizing the seismic signal and recovering the reflection coefficients. For example... Figure 6 The image shown is a reconstructed seismic record.
[0038] This embodiment provides a method for reconstructing seismic source data using a rock-drilling rig. It extracts high-resolution time-frequency features of the seismic signal from the rock-drilling source through a generalized S-transform and performs cross-correlation calculations in the time-frequency domain. This overcomes the challenges of non-stationarity and high noise in the seismic signal from the drilling source, effectively extracting subsurface reflection information. This method does not require additional specialized equipment, optimizes the extraction and recovery of seismic reflection information, and enables real-time geological exploration in complex environments.
[0039] Example 2 This embodiment provides a time-frequency domain cross-correlation reconstruction system for a rock-breaking source of a rock-drilling rig, including: The acquisition module is configured to acquire seismic signals from rock-breaking sources during the drilling process of the rock drilling rig, including leader signals and sidewall signals. The generalized S-transform module is configured to perform generalized S-transform on the leader signal and the sidewall signal respectively to obtain their respective time-frequency domain representations; The cross-correlation module is configured to perform sliding cross-correlation on two time-frequency domain representations with a set time delay to obtain the cross-correlation spectrum. The reconstruction module is configured to recover the cross-correlation spectrum to the time domain through the inverse generalized S-transform, thereby obtaining the enhanced seismic signal.
[0040] It should be noted that the above modules correspond to the steps described in Embodiment 1, and the examples and application scenarios implemented by the above modules and the corresponding steps are the same, but are not limited to the content disclosed in Embodiment 1. It should also be noted that the above modules, as part of the system, can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions.
[0041] In further embodiments, the following is also provided: An electronic device includes a memory and a processor, as well as computer instructions stored in the memory and running on the processor, wherein the computer instructions, when executed by the processor, perform the method described in Embodiment 1. For brevity, further details are omitted here.
[0042] It should be understood that in this embodiment, the processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), or it can be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.
[0043] Memory may include read-only memory and random access memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor. A portion of memory may also include non-volatile random access memory. For example, memory may also store information about the device type.
[0044] A computer-readable storage medium for storing computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, perform the method described in Embodiment 1.
[0045] The method in Example 1 can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor. The software modules can reside in readily available storage media in the field, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, or registers. This storage medium is located in memory, and the processor reads information from the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method. To avoid repetition, a detailed description is not provided here.
[0046] A computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in Embodiment 1.
[0047] The present invention also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as instructions included in program modules, which execute in a device on a target real or virtual processor to perform the processes / methods described above. Typically, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, etc., that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. In various embodiments, the functionality of program modules can be combined or divided among program modules as needed. The machine-executable instructions for the program modules can execute within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, the program modules can reside in both local and remote storage media.
[0048] The computer program code used to implement the methods of the present invention may be written in one or more programming languages. This computer program code may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when executed by the computer or other programmable data processing device, the program code causes the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may be executed entirely on a computer, partially on a computer, as a stand-alone software package, partially on a computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server.
[0049] In the context of this invention, computer program code or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable a device, apparatus, or processor to perform the various processes and operations described above. Examples of carriers include signals, computer-readable media, and the like. Examples of signals may include electrical, optical, radio, sound, or other forms of propagation signals, such as carrier waves, infrared signals, etc.
[0050] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps described in connection with the various examples of this embodiment can be implemented in electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.
[0051] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A time-frequency domain cross-correlation reconstruction method for rock-breaking seismic sources using a rock-drilling rig, characterized in that, include: Collect seismic signals from rock-breaking sources during the drilling process of the rock drilling rig, including leader signals and sidewall signals; The generalized S-transform is performed on the leader signal and the sidewall signal respectively to obtain their respective time-frequency domain representations; By performing a sliding cross-correlation on the two time-frequency domain representations under a set time delay, the cross-correlation spectrum is obtained. The cross-correlation spectrum is recovered to the time domain through the inverse generalized S-transform to obtain the enhanced seismic signal.
2. The time-frequency domain cross-correlation reconstruction method for rock-breaking seismic sources using a rock-drilling rig as described in claim 1, characterized in that, For the leader signal The time-frequency domain representation obtained after performing the generalized S-transform for: ； in: A frequency-dependent Gaussian window; Centered on the time domain; For frequency.
3. The time-frequency domain cross-correlation reconstruction method for rock-breaking seismic sources using a rock-drilling rig as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Signal to the side wall The time-frequency domain representation obtained after performing the generalized S-transform for: ； in: A frequency-dependent Gaussian window; Centered on the time domain; For frequency.
4. The time-frequency domain cross-correlation reconstruction method for rock-breaking seismic sources using a rock-drilling rig as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-correlation spectrum is as follows: ;in, Time-frequency domain representation of the sidewall signal The complex conjugate; For time delay; Cross-correlation spectrum; Centered on the time domain; For frequency; This is the time-frequency domain representation of the leader signal.
5. The time-frequency domain cross-correlation reconstruction method for rock-breaking seismic sources using a rock-drilling rig as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The inverse transform process includes: converting the cross-correlation spectrum... Frequency integration is performed to obtain the enhanced seismic signal. : ;in, Centered on the time domain; For frequency; This is a time delay.
6. The time-frequency domain cross-correlation reconstruction method for rock-breaking seismic sources using a rock-drilling rig as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Seismic signal acquisition devices are used to collect seismic signals from rock-breaking sources during the drilling process of the rock drilling rig. The seismic signal acquisition devices include a pilot geophone, a sidewall geophone, and a signal acquisition host computer. The pilot geophone is placed at the position of the drill arm and drill bit of the rock drilling rig. Multiple sidewall geophones are arranged in a straight line at equal intervals and are wirelessly connected. They are placed on the tunnel sidewall and connected to the signal acquisition host computer.
7. A time-frequency domain cross-correlation reconstruction system for a rock-breaking seismic source of a rock-drilling rig, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is configured to acquire seismic signals from rock-breaking sources during the drilling process of the rock drilling rig, including leader signals and sidewall signals. The generalized S-transform module is configured to perform generalized S-transform on the leader signal and the sidewall signal respectively to obtain their respective time-frequency domain representations; The cross-correlation module is configured to perform sliding cross-correlation on two time-frequency domain representations with a set time delay to obtain the cross-correlation spectrum. The reconstruction module is configured to recover the cross-correlation spectrum to the time domain through the inverse generalized S-transform, thereby obtaining the enhanced seismic signal.
8. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, as well as computer instructions stored in the memory and running on the processor, which, when executed by the processor, perform the method according to any one of claims 1-6.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, Used to store computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, perform the method described in any one of claims 1-6.
10. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any one of claims 1-6.