Self-cooling slag granulating device with circumferential universal fan-shaped water curtain

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-cooling slag granulating device with an annular universal fan-shaped water curtain, which comprises a high-temperature molten slag transition device for receiving, centering and draining high-temperature molten slag; the granulating disc is used for centrifugally crushing the slag into particles; the granulation bin is used for receiving and cooling the particles; the universal fan-shaped spray head is used for spraying flat fan-shaped water curtains at an adjustable angle, so that the adjacent water curtains are intersected above the slag impact area to form a 360-degree continuous annular water curtain; the annular water collecting tank is fixed above the particle impact area and is coaxial with the inner wall of the granulation bin, and uniformly distributed notches are formed in the lower edge of the annular water collecting tank; the water vapor outlet is formed in the top of the granulation bin; the slag outlet is formed in the lowest position of the bottom of the granulation bin; the bottleneck problem that high-temperature slag particles are accumulated in the granulation bin and are prone to hardening is solved, continuous self-cleaning of the slag particles along the wall is achieved by means of the dynamic water film, the continuous operation time and the overhaul period of equipment are greatly prolonged, and an innovative thought and method are provided for the high-temperature molten slag granulation cooling process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-temperature slag treatment and waste heat recovery technology, and in particular to a self-cooling slag granulation device with a circumferential omnidirectional fan-shaped water curtain. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, industrial cooling routes for copper smelting slag can be categorized into four types: natural cooling, air quenching, water quenching, and a combination of slow cooling and water quenching. Natural cooling relies on the slag being left to stand in a stockpile, resulting in extremely low cooling rates and cycles that often take several days. It requires large stockpiles and secondary handling equipment, limiting production capacity, and has been largely phased out. Air quenching uses high-powered fans to disperse the molten slag into particles, but it consumes a lot of electricity, has low waste heat quality, and is not economically viable, so it is not widely used. Water quenching is accompanied by high pollution and high water consumption, and the waste heat from the molten slag cannot be recovered, so it is rarely used.

[0003] The most widely used cooling method for copper smelting slag today is "slow cooling + water quenching". However, this process has disadvantages such as excessively long slow cooling time (48 hours), consumption of a large amount of fresh water, emission of harmful gases, waste of a large amount of heat energy, and a certain risk of explosion.

[0004] Centrifugal granulation technology boasts significant advantages such as large unit throughput, rapid cooling capacity, stable and controllable operation, and low overall resource consumption, making it an important technological pathway for achieving efficient treatment and resource utilization of molten slag. However, in practical operation, this process still faces technical bottlenecks, including the tendency for high-temperature slag particles to accumulate and caking within the granulation chamber, and insufficient synergistic heat transfer regulation between high-temperature slag particles and the cooling medium. Further optimization and improvement are urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned issues by providing a self-cooling slag granulation device with a circumferential omnidirectional fan-shaped water curtain, in order to solve the problem of caking caused by the accumulation of high-temperature slag particles in the granulation chamber.

[0006] The specific solution of the present invention is: a self-cooling slag granulation device with a circumferential omnidirectional fan-shaped water curtain, comprising:

[0007] A high-temperature molten slag transition device is used to receive and center the flow of high-temperature molten slag. The high-temperature molten slag transition device is a crucible structure made of refractory material.

[0008] The granulation disc, located directly below the high-temperature molten slag transition device, is used to centrifugally crush the molten slag into particles. The granulation disc is driven to rotate by a motor and a transmission shaft.

[0009] A granulation bin, arranged around the granulation disc, is used to receive and cool the particles;

[0010] Several omnidirectional fan-shaped nozzles are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the granulation chamber, and are used to spray a flat fan-shaped water curtain at an adjustable angle, so that adjacent water curtains converge above the molten slag impact zone to form a 360° continuous annular water curtain.

[0011] An annular water collection tank is fixed above the particle impact zone and coaxially arranged with the inner wall of the granulation chamber. Its lower edge has evenly distributed notches to guide the water curtain into a dynamic water film that adheres to the wall, so as to absorb the heat of the particles and inhibit the caking of slag particles on the wall surface.

[0012] A steam outlet is located at the top of the granulation chamber to discharge the high-temperature steam generated after heat exchange.

[0013] The slag outlet is located at the lowest point of the bottom of the granulation chamber and is used to continuously discharge the cooled slag-water mixture.

[0014] Furthermore, the universal fan-shaped nozzle described in this invention is a flat fan-shaped nozzle that can spray a continuous and uniform fan-shaped water curtain with a spray angle of 90° to 120°. The universal fan-shaped nozzle is fixed by a universal base and can be adjusted by ±30° in its axial direction. The universal fan-shaped nozzle is arranged circumferentially along the upper inner wall of the granulation chamber in the annular water collection tank area, with no less than one ring. The number of universal fan-shaped nozzles in each ring is determined comprehensively based on the circumference of the inner wall of the granulation chamber, the spray angle, and the water curtain edge overlap rate, ensuring that the water curtain edge overlap rate of adjacent universal fan-shaped nozzles is 10% to 30% to form a continuous and uninterrupted annular closed cooling water curtain. The circumference of the inner wall of the granulation chamber is adapted to the diameter of the granulation disk and the centrifugal throwing trajectory of the slag particles. The matching relationship between the number of universal fan-shaped nozzles and the spray angle must completely cover the circumferential range of the annular water collection tank and achieve the set water curtain overlap rate.

[0015] Furthermore, the notch width of the annular water collection tank described in this invention is 1-3 mm, and the total area of ​​the notch accounts for 30-40% of the length of the arc of the tank bottom, so that the thickness of the dynamic water film of the overflow is maintained at 1-2 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner wall surface of the granulation bin described in this invention is smooth, and all corners at the joints are designed with smooth transitions to eliminate dead corners for material accumulation and ensure smooth flow of slag particles within the bin.

[0017] Furthermore, the bottom of the granulation chamber in this invention is shaped like an inclined funnel with an inclination angle of ≥45°, so as to achieve self-flowing cleaning of the slag-water mixture.

[0018] Furthermore, the present invention also includes a heat-insulating protective cover, which is a composite integrated structure that completely covers the motor and junction box that drive the granulation disk to rotate, and its outer surface temperature rise is ≤40℃.

[0019] Furthermore, the granulation chamber described in this invention is also provided with an observation window at the top, and a high-speed camera is also provided corresponding to the observation window. The high-speed camera is used to monitor the integrity of the water film and the rebound trajectory of the slag particles online.

[0020] Furthermore, the crucible structure described in this invention is any one of graphite crucible, silicon carbide crucible, corundum crucible, or other high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant ceramic or composite material crucibles.

[0021] The technical solution provided by this invention brings at least the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The implementation of this invention effectively reduces the local wall temperature of the granulation bin, significantly reducing the occurrence of slag formation on the wall surface;

[0023] 2. The implementation of this invention reduces the average outlet temperature of slag particles, which helps to extend the service life of subsequent processing equipment;

[0024] 3. The present invention generates a large amount of high-temperature water vapor during the cooling process, providing a high-quality heat source for the waste heat recovery system;

[0025] 4. This invention solves the bottleneck problem of high-temperature slag particles accumulating and causing caking in the granulation chamber. It achieves continuous self-cleaning of slag particles along the wall by using a dynamic water film, which greatly extends the continuous operation time and maintenance cycle of the equipment, and provides an innovative idea and method for the high-temperature molten slag granulation and cooling process. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the self-cooling slag granulation device with an annular omnidirectional fan-shaped water curtain according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the universal fan-shaped nozzle in this invention;

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the layout of the central omnidirectional fan-shaped water curtain (top view).

[0029] In the diagram: 1. High-temperature slag transition device, 2. Granulation disc, 3. Universal fan-shaped nozzle, 4. Annular water collection tank, 5. Motor, 6. Heat insulation protective cover, 7. Drive shaft, 8. Granulation bin, 9. Steam outlet, 10. Slag outlet, 11. Observation window, 12. High-speed camera, 13. Fan-shaped nozzle, 14. Universal base, 15. Notch. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention or simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed or operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] See Figures 1-3 This invention relates to a self-cooling slag granulation device with a circumferential omnidirectional fan-shaped water curtain, comprising: a high-temperature molten slag transition device 1, used to receive and center the flow of high-temperature molten slag, wherein the high-temperature molten slag transition device is a crucible structure made of refractory material; further, the crucible structure in this invention is any one of graphite crucible, silicon carbide crucible, corundum crucible, or other high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant ceramic or composite material crucible; a granulation disc 2, located directly below the high-temperature molten slag transition device, used to centrifugally crush the molten slag into particles, the granulation disc being driven to rotate by a motor 5 and a drive shaft 7; a granulation chamber 8, arranged around the granulation disc, used to receive and cool the particles; and an omnidirectional... Fan-shaped nozzles 3 are evenly distributed around the inner wall of the granulation chamber, and are used to spray a flat fan-shaped water curtain at an adjustable angle, so that adjacent water curtains converge above the molten slag impact zone to form a 360° continuous annular water curtain; annular water collection tank 4 is fixed above the particle impact zone and coaxially arranged with the inner wall of the granulation chamber, and has evenly distributed notches 15 on its lower edge, which are used to uniformly guide the water curtain into a dynamic water film adhering to the wall, so as to absorb the heat of the particles and inhibit the slag particles from caking on the wall surface; steam outlet 9 is opened at the top of the granulation chamber, and is used to discharge the high-temperature steam generated after heat exchange; slag outlet 10 is located at the lowest point of the bottom of the granulation chamber, and is used to continuously discharge the cooled slag-water mixture.

[0033] Furthermore, the universal fan-shaped nozzle described in this invention is a flat fan-shaped nozzle 13, which can spray a continuous and uniform fan-shaped water curtain with a spray angle of 90° to 120°. The universal fan-shaped nozzle is fixed by a universal base 14 and can be adjusted by ±30° in its axial direction. The universal fan-shaped nozzle is arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the upper part of the granulation chamber in the annular water collection tank area, with no less than one ring. The number of universal fan-shaped nozzles in each ring is determined comprehensively based on the circumference of the inner wall of the granulation chamber, the spray angle, and the water curtain edge overlap rate, ensuring that the water curtain edge overlap rate of adjacent universal fan-shaped nozzles is 10% to 30% to form a continuous and uninterrupted annular closed cooling water curtain. The circumference of the inner wall of the granulation chamber is adapted to the diameter of the granulation disk and the centrifugal throwing trajectory of the slag particles. The matching relationship between the number of universal fan-shaped nozzles and the spray angle must completely cover the circumferential range of the annular water collection tank and achieve the set water curtain overlap rate. Furthermore, the notch width of the annular water collection trough in this invention is 1-3 mm, and the total area of ​​the notch accounts for 30-40% of the arc length of the trough bottom, so that the thickness of the dynamic water film overflowing is maintained at 1-2 mm. Furthermore, the inner wall surface of the granulation bin in this invention is smooth, and all corners at the joints adopt a smooth transition arc design to eliminate dead corners for material accumulation and ensure smooth flow of slag particles within the bin. Furthermore, the bottom of the granulation bin in this invention is an inclined funnel shape with an inclination angle ≥45° to achieve self-flow cleaning of the slag-water mixture.

[0034] Furthermore, the present invention also includes a heat-insulating protective cover 6, which is a composite integrated structure that completely covers the motor and junction box that drive the granulation disc to rotate, and its outer surface temperature rise is ≤40℃. Furthermore, the top of the granulation chamber in the present invention is also provided with an observation window 11, and a high-speed camera 12 is also provided corresponding to the observation window. The high-speed camera is used for online monitoring of the integrity of the water film and the rebound trajectory of the slag particles.

[0035] The self-cooling slag granulation device with an circumferential universal fan-shaped water curtain according to the present invention includes 1. a high-temperature molten slag transition device, 2. a granulation disc, 3. a universal fan-shaped nozzle, 4. an annular water collection tank, 5. a motor, 6. a heat insulation protective cover, 7. a drive shaft, 8. a granulation bin, 9. a steam outlet, 10. a slag outlet, 11. an observation window, 12. a high-speed camera, 13. a fan-shaped nozzle, 14. a universal base, and 15. a notch.

[0036] When the system starts working, water is sprayed out from the fan-shaped nozzles in the form of a flat fan-shaped water curtain through the omnidirectional fan-shaped nozzles. The fan-shaped water curtains converge at the annular water collection trough above the impact zone where the slag particles hit the bin wall, forming a continuous and complete annular water curtain. The water curtain then flows downward along the lower edge of the pre-set narrow slits or gaps in the inner wall of the water collection trough, forming a uniform and flowing dynamic water film on the surface of the impact zone.

[0037] In this embodiment, the main body of the high-temperature molten slag transition device is made of graphite crucible material, used to receive and buffer the high-temperature molten slag, and precisely guide the slag flow to the center of the granulation disk. An opening with a diameter of 16mm is provided at the bottom of the crucible; adjusting this diameter directly controls the slag flow rate. The high-temperature molten slag flows out from the bottom opening of the transition device and falls vertically into the center of the high-speed rotating granulation disk below. Under the combined action of centrifugal force, friction, and slag surface tension, it is dispersed into fine slag particles with a diameter of less than 3mm. These slag particles are thrown at high speed along a parabolic trajectory towards the impact zone on the inner wall of the granulation chamber, directly contacting the pre-formed dynamic water film. The high-temperature heat energy they carry is rapidly absorbed by the water film. The exothermic slag particles flow downwards along the inclined chamber wall with the water film, achieving continuous self-cleaning and cooling. The high-temperature steam generated during the process is discharged through the upper steam outlet, while the cooled slag particle and water mixture is discharged uniformly through the bottom slag outlet.

[0038] In summary, this embodiment employs a self-cooling slag granulation device with a circumferential omnidirectional fan-shaped water curtain, solving the bottleneck problems of high-temperature slag particles easily caking on the bin walls and uneven cooling in existing centrifugal granulation processes. An adjustable-angle omnidirectional fan-shaped nozzle forms a complete circumferential water curtain above the impact zone, and under the guidance of the annular water collection trough, a uniform and stable wall-adhering flowing water film is formed in the slag particle impact area, achieving transient and efficient heat exchange between high-temperature slag particles and the cooling medium. This device directly performs directional cooling and dynamic cleaning of the high-temperature slag particle impact zone, effectively inhibiting the accumulation and caking of high-temperature slag particles on the granulation bin walls, and significantly reducing the average outlet temperature of the slag particles. This provides more stable and uniformly distributed slag particle raw materials and high-temperature steam for subsequent waste heat recovery processes. It solves the problem of insufficient coordinated control of cooling and anti-caking within the granulation bin in existing technologies, filling the gap in the integrated design of self-cleaning and anti-caking features of centrifugal granulation devices. Furthermore, the device can adjust the water curtain angle and coverage area according to different slag flow rates and temperatures, achieving water-saving operation while ensuring cooling effect, providing a new method and new ideas for the continuous, stable and efficient operation of high-temperature molten slag granulation devices.

Claims

1. A self-cooling slag granulation device with a circumferential omnidirectional fan-shaped water curtain, characterized in that, include: A high-temperature molten slag transition device is used to receive and center the flow of high-temperature molten slag. The high-temperature molten slag transition device is a crucible structure made of refractory material. The granulation disc, located directly below the high-temperature molten slag transition device, is used to centrifugally crush the molten slag into particles. The granulation disc is driven to rotate by a motor and a transmission shaft. A granulation bin, arranged around the granulation disc, is used to receive and cool the particles; Several omnidirectional fan-shaped nozzles are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the granulation chamber, and are used to spray a flat fan-shaped water curtain at an adjustable angle, so that adjacent water curtains converge above the molten slag impact zone to form a 360° continuous annular water curtain. An annular water collection tank is fixed above the particle impact zone and coaxially arranged with the inner wall of the granulation chamber. Its lower edge has evenly distributed notches to guide the water curtain into a dynamic water film that adheres to the wall, so as to absorb the heat of the particles and inhibit the caking of slag particles on the wall surface. A steam outlet is located at the top of the granulation chamber to discharge the high-temperature steam generated after heat exchange. The slag outlet is located at the lowest point of the bottom of the granulation chamber and is used to continuously discharge the cooled slag-water mixture.

2. The self-cooling slag granulation device with an circumferential omnidirectional fan-shaped water curtain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The omnidirectional fan-shaped nozzle is a flat fan-shaped nozzle that can spray a continuous and uniform fan-shaped water curtain with a spray angle of 90° to 120°. The omnidirectional fan-shaped nozzle is fixed by an omnidirectional base and can be adjusted by ±30° along its axial direction. The omnidirectional fan-shaped nozzle is arranged circumferentially along the upper inner wall of the granulation chamber in the annular water collection tank area, with no less than one ring. The number of omnidirectional fan-shaped nozzles in each ring is determined comprehensively based on the circumference of the inner wall of the granulation chamber, the spray angle, and the water curtain edge overlap rate, ensuring that the water curtain edge overlap rate of adjacent omnidirectional fan-shaped nozzles is 10% to 30% to form a continuous and uninterrupted annular closed cooling water curtain. The circumference of the inner wall of the granulation chamber is adapted to the diameter of the granulation disk and the centrifugal throwing trajectory of the slag particles. The matching relationship between the number of omnidirectional fan-shaped nozzles and the spray angle must completely cover the circumferential range of the annular water collection tank and achieve the set water curtain overlap rate.

3. The self-cooling slag granulation device with an circumferential omnidirectional fan-shaped water curtain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The notch width of the annular water collection trough is 1-3mm, and the total area of ​​the notch accounts for 30-40% of the length of the arc of the bottom of the trough, so that the thickness of the dynamic water film of the overflow is maintained at 1-2mm.

4. The self-cooling slag granulation device with an circumferential omnidirectional fan-shaped water curtain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall surface of the granulation bin is smooth, and all corners at the joints are designed with smooth transitions to eliminate dead corners for material accumulation and ensure smooth flow of slag particles within the bin.

5. A self-cooling slag granulation device with an circumferential omnidirectional fan-shaped water curtain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the granulation chamber is shaped like an inclined funnel with an inclination angle of ≥45° to achieve self-flowing cleaning of the slag-water mixture.

6. The self-cooling slag granulation device with an circumferential omnidirectional fan-shaped water curtain according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a heat insulation protective cover, which is a composite integrated structure that completely covers the motor and junction box that drive the granulation disk to rotate, and its outer surface temperature rise is ≤40℃.

7. A self-cooling slag granulation device with an circumferential omnidirectional fan-shaped water curtain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the granulation chamber is also equipped with an observation window, and a high-speed camera is also installed corresponding to the observation window. The high-speed camera is used to monitor the integrity of the water film and the rebound trajectory of the slag particles online.

8. A self-cooling slag granulation device with an circumferential omnidirectional fan-shaped water curtain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crucible structure is any one of graphite crucible, silicon carbide crucible, corundum crucible, or other high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant ceramic or composite material crucible.

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