Wood-based solar interface evaporator with sunken-staggered pore channels and preparation method of wood-based solar interface evaporator

Abstract

The invention discloses a wood-based solar interface evaporator with sunken-staggered pore channels and a preparation method of the wood-based solar interface evaporator, and belongs to the technical field of solar-driven water evaporation and water treatment. The wood-based solar interface evaporator comprises a wood base body, a plurality of concave structures are arranged on the upper surface of the wood base body, a plurality of water guide hole structures are arranged on the lower surface of the wood base body, and the water guide hole structures and the concave structures are arranged in a staggered mode, so that the upper surface and the lower surface of the wood base body are not directly communicated. The sum of the depth of the concave structure and the depth of the water guide hole structure is larger than or equal to the thickness of the wood base body. According to the method, a'concave structure-staggered water guide hole structure 'is constructed on a wood base body, on the basis that the natural water guide capacity of wood is reserved, a water and salt transmission path of an evaporation interface is adjusted, water and salt distribution at the interface is improved, salt diffusion and backflow are promoted, and heat loss along pore channels is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solar-driven water evaporation and water treatment technology, specifically relating to a recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Solar interface evaporation technology can efficiently utilize solar energy to achieve localized heating of water surfaces, showing promising application prospects in seawater desalination, water purification, and high-salinity wastewater treatment. Wood, with its advantages of wide availability, low cost, renewability, low thermal conductivity, and natural water-conducting channels, is a commonly used material for constructing solar interface evaporators. The continuous natural water-conducting channels within parallel-grain wood facilitate water transport, providing a stable water supply to the evaporation interface.

[0003] In recent years, various improvement schemes have been proposed regarding the structural design and surface functionalization modification of wood-based solar interfacial evaporators. For example, patent CN119954239A discloses a method for preparing a wood-based dual-convection structure solar interfacial evaporator. This method effectively improves moisture transport channels and evaporation performance by removing a portion of the central region of the wood matrix to construct a dual-convection structure. However, the removal of the central region weakens the overall structural integrity of the wood matrix to some extent, potentially affecting the stability and durability of the evaporator. Furthermore, patent CN115383859B discloses a wood-based interfacial evaporation material with a magnetic nanoparticle coating. This material enhances light absorption and evaporation performance by constructing a Fe3O4 / PVA photothermal coating on the wood surface. However, this preparation process requires multiple steps, including delignification, freeze-drying, and surface coating construction, making the process relatively complex. There is still room for optimization in terms of large-scale preparation, cost control, and green manufacturing.

[0004] Existing wood-based solar interface evaporators suffer from the following shortcomings in practical applications: First, existing structures primarily rely on the natural longitudinal water-conducting channels of wood, offering limited control over the water supply and mass transfer paths, which hinders the localized utilization of heat at the evaporation interface. Second, the structure of traditional planar evaporation surfaces is relatively simple, limiting their ability to capture and utilize incident light, thus affecting further improvements in evaporation efficiency. Third, while some wood-based evaporators employ surface carbonization or carbon-based coatings to enhance light absorption, there is still room for optimization in terms of broad-spectrum solar light absorption and interface thermal management. Fourth, in high-salt systems, the traditional single mass transfer channel has limited ability to regulate salt diffusion and reflux, easily leading to salt accumulation and crystallization on the evaporation surface or near-surface region, thereby blocking the natural water-conducting channels of the wood and affecting the continuous operational stability of the evaporator. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator that, while retaining the natural water-conducting advantages of wood, synergistically regulates the water supply path, evaporation interface structure, and surface wettability, thereby improving evaporation performance and operational stability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a recessed-misaligned pore wood-based solar interfacial evaporator to address the problems of existing wood-based interfacial evaporators, such as a simple evaporation surface structure, insufficient control over the water supply path, easy loss of interfacial heat, and easy salt accumulation and crystallization in high-salt environments. This invention constructs a recessed structure and a misaligned water-conducting pore structure, and builds a photothermal absorption layer on the upper surface of the wood matrix and the inner wall of the recessed structure. Simultaneously, it forms an asymmetric wetting structure through hydrophobic modification. While retaining the natural water-conducting capacity of wood, it synergistically controls the water supply path, mass transfer path, and interfacial evaporation behavior, thereby improving interfacial evaporation performance and operational stability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A recessed-misaligned perforated wood-based solar interface evaporator includes a wood matrix, with a plurality of recessed structures on the upper surface of the wood matrix and a plurality of water-guiding hole structures on the lower surface of the wood matrix. The water-guiding hole structures are misaligned with the recessed structures so that the upper and lower surfaces of the wood matrix are not directly connected. The sum of the depth of the recessed structures and the depth of the water-guiding hole structures is greater than or equal to the thickness of the wood matrix.

[0008] The wood matrix is ​​a sheet-like structure formed by cutting wood along the grain, and the wood matrix is ​​porous wood with natural water-conducting channels.

[0009] The upper surface of the wood matrix and the inner wall of the recessed structure are loaded with a photothermal absorption layer, which includes graphene oxide (GO) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Preferably, the mass ratio of graphene oxide to carbon nanotubes is 1:10 to 10:1.

[0010] The photothermal absorption layer further includes a binder and / or a dispersant. The binder and / or dispersant is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polydopamine (PDA), or cellulose polymers.

[0011] The recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator has an asymmetric wetting structure; the upper surface of the wood matrix and / or the inner wall of the recessed structure are hydrophobically modified to form a hydrophobic modified layer, and the internal water-conducting channels and lower surface of the wood matrix remain hydrophilic.

[0012] Wherein, the water contact angle of the upper surface of the wood matrix and / or the inner wall of the recessed structure is greater than or equal to 100°.

[0013] A method for preparing a wood-based solar interfacial evaporator with recessed and misaligned channels includes the following steps:

[0014] S1: Matrix pretreatment: Porous wood with natural water-conducting channels is cut along the grain to obtain sheet-like wood matrix;

[0015] S2: Structural processing: Several recessed structures are processed on the upper surface of the wood substrate, and several water-guiding hole structures are processed on the lower surface of the wood substrate. The water-guiding hole structures are blind holes and are offset from the recessed structures so that the upper and lower surfaces of the wood substrate are not directly connected.

[0016] The preparation method also includes the following steps:

[0017] S3: Construction of photothermal absorption layer: A composite dispersion containing graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes is loaded onto the upper surface of the wood matrix and the inner wall of the recessed structure, and a photothermal absorption layer is formed after drying.

[0018] The preparation method also includes the following steps:

[0019] S4: Hydrophobic modification: The upper surface and / or inner wall of the recessed structure of the wood matrix are modified with a silane-based hydrophobic agent to maintain the hydrophilicity of the internal water channels and lower surface of the wood matrix, thereby forming an asymmetric wetting structure.

[0020] In step S3, the composite dispersion is loaded onto the upper surface of the wood matrix and the inner wall of the recessed structure using a multi-layer thin-layer spraying method; the spraying is done by cross-spraying; and the drying is done by vacuum drying.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0022] (1) This invention constructs a “recessed structure-displaced water-conducting hole structure” on the wood matrix, which, while preserving the natural water-conducting capacity of the wood, adjusts the water and salt transport path at the evaporation interface, improves the water and salt distribution at the interface, promotes salt diffusion and reflux, and reduces heat loss along the pores.

[0023] (2) The recessed structure constructed in this invention is beneficial to increase the effective evaporation area and enhance the capture and utilization of incident light; at the same time, the construction of GO / CNTs composite photothermal absorption layer on the upper surface of the wood matrix and the inner wall of the recessed structure can enhance the evaporator's broadband absorption capacity of sunlight and improve the photothermal conversion efficiency, thereby improving the interface evaporation performance.

[0024] (3) By constructing an asymmetric wetting structure with hydrophobic upper surface and / or concave inner wall, internal water-conducting channels and hydrophilic lower surface, the present invention is beneficial to reduce excessive water accumulation on the evaporation surface and continuous liquid film coverage, and improve the evaporation rate.

[0025] (4) This invention can be achieved by mechanical processing and surface modification of natural wood. The process is relatively simple and the cost is low, which has good prospects for promotion and application. This interface evaporator can be applied to seawater desalination, water purification and high-salt wastewater treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a top view of the upper surface structure of the recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the lower surface structure of the recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a side view cross-sectional structural diagram of the recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a photograph of a sample of the recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator of the present invention. The left side shows the water guiding hole structure on the lower surface, and the right side shows the recessed structure on the upper surface.

[0031] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1-wood matrix; 2-recessed structure; 3-water-conducting hole structure; 4-photothermal absorption layer; 5-hydrophobic modification layer. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0033] This invention provides a recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator, which includes a wood matrix 1, see below. Figure 1 A plurality of recessed structures 2 are provided on the upper surface of the wood substrate 1, which are used to construct a three-dimensional evaporation surface. Compared with a planar evaporation surface, the recessed structures are beneficial to increasing the effective evaporation area and enhancing the capture and utilization of incident light in the recessed areas.

[0034] See Figure 2 A plurality of water-guiding hole structures 3 are provided on the lower surface of the wood matrix 1. The water-guiding hole structures 3 are staggered with the recessed structure 2 so that the upper and lower surfaces of the wood matrix 1 are not directly connected. The water-guiding hole structures 3 are used to further adjust the water transport path based on the natural water-guiding channels of the wood, and improve the transport and redistribution of water to the evaporation interface.

[0035] Preferred, see Figure 3 The water guiding hole structure 3 is a blind hole and is offset from the recessed structure 2, so that the upper and lower surfaces are not directly connected, reducing heat loss along the channel and regulating the transmission path of water inside the wood, promoting the lateral transmission of water and the diffusion and return of salt.

[0036] The sum of the depth of the recessed structure 2 and the depth of the water-guiding hole structure 3 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the wood matrix 1, so as to enhance the spatial coupling between the recessed structure 2 and the water-guiding hole structure 3 inside the wood.

[0037] Preferably, the wood matrix 1 is a sheet structure formed by taking wood along the grain, and the wood matrix 1 is porous wood with natural water-conducting channels.

[0038] In one embodiment, see Figure 4 The upper surface of the wood matrix 1 and the inner wall of the recessed structure 2 are loaded with a photothermal absorption layer 4, which comprises graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes; the combination of the two is beneficial for achieving broadband solar light absorption and improving photothermal conversion efficiency. Preferably, the mass ratio of graphene oxide to carbon nanotubes is 1:10 to 10:1.

[0039] More preferably, the photothermal absorption layer 4 further includes a binder and / or a dispersant, wherein the binder and / or dispersant is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polydopamine, or cellulose polymers.

[0040] Preferably, the recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator has an asymmetric wetting structure; the upper surface of the wood matrix 1 and / or the inner wall of the recessed structure 2 are hydrophobically modified to form a hydrophobic modified layer 5, while the internal water-conducting channels and lower surface of the wood matrix 1 remain hydrophilic. The asymmetric wetting structure helps to reduce excessive water accumulation on the evaporation surface and continuous liquid film coverage, thereby improving the evaporation rate.

[0041] Preferably, the hydrophobic modification treatment is applied only to the inner wall of the recessed structure to suppress local water accumulation in the recessed area, while retaining the hydrophilic water supply capacity of the remaining areas.

[0042] The hydrophobic modification treatment is carried out using silane-based hydrophobic agents.

[0043] Preferably, the water contact angle of the upper surface and / or the inner wall of the recessed structure of the wood matrix 1 after hydrophobic modification treatment is greater than or equal to 100°.

[0044] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator, which includes the following steps:

[0045] S1. Matrix pretreatment: Porous wood with natural water-conducting channels is cut along the grain to obtain sheet-like wood matrix 1;

[0046] S2. Structural processing: Several recessed structures 2 are processed on the upper surface of the wood substrate 1, and several water-guiding hole structures 3 are processed on the lower surface of the wood substrate 1. The water-guiding hole structures 3 are blind holes and are staggered with the recessed structures 2 so that the upper and lower surfaces of the wood substrate 1 are not directly connected.

[0047] S3. Photothermal absorption layer construction: A composite dispersion containing GO, CNTs, binder and / or dispersant is loaded onto the upper surface of the wood matrix and the inner wall of the recessed structure, and after drying, a photothermal absorption layer 4 is formed.

[0048] S4: Hydrophobic modification: The upper surface and / or inner wall of the recessed structure of the wood matrix 1 are hydrophobically modified by using a hydrophobic modifier, and the range of action of the hydrophobic agent is limited, so that the internal water-conducting channels and the lower surface of the wood matrix 1 remain hydrophilic or relatively hydrophilic, thereby forming an asymmetric wetting structure.

[0049] Preferably, in step S1, before structural processing, the surface of the wood substrate 1 is mechanically polished to remove burrs and increase surface roughness.

[0050] Preferably, the sum of the depth of the recessed structure 2 and the depth of the water-guiding hole structure 3 in step S2 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the wood matrix 1.

[0051] Preferably, the method for preparing the composite dispersion in step S3 is as follows: adding an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol to an aqueous dispersion of graphene oxide and stirring to form a stable dispersion system; then adding a dispersion containing carbon nanotubes and polyvinylpyrrolidone and continuing to stir to form a uniform composite dispersion.

[0052] Preferably, in step S3, the composite dispersion is loaded onto the upper surface of the wood matrix 1 and the inner wall of the recessed structure 2 using a multi-layer thin-layer spraying method; the spraying is a cross-spraying method; and the drying is vacuum drying.

[0053] Preferably, in step S4, the hydrophobic modification treatment is performed using a vapor deposition method, including: partially shielding the wood substrate 1 loaded with the photothermal absorption layer 4, exposing the upper surface of the wood substrate 1 and / or the inner wall of the recessed structure 2; placing the shielded wood substrate 1 in a sealed cavity containing a silane-based hydrophobic agent and deionized water, wherein the wood substrate 1 does not directly contact the silane-based hydrophobic agent and deionized water; and obtaining the modified recessed-misaligned pore wood-based solar interface evaporator after heating and fumigation, cooling, vacuum drying and curing, and removal of the shielding.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] This embodiment provides a recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator, the preparation process of which is as follows:

[0056] (1) Pretreatment of wood matrix 1:

[0057] Balsa wood was selected and a circular wood substrate 1 was prepared by cutting along the grain. The surface of the wood substrate 1 was mechanically sanded using an electric grinder to remove burrs and increase surface roughness, thereby improving the adhesion stability of the subsequent photothermal absorption layer on the surface of the wood substrate 1. The wood substrate 1 has a diameter of 65 mm and a thickness of 10 mm.

[0058] (2) Fabrication of recessed structure 2 and water guide hole structure 3:

[0059] A CNC machine tool is used to machine 19 hemispherical pits on the upper surface of the wood substrate 1 to form a recessed structure 2, and 30 cylindrical blind holes are machined on the lower surface to form a water-guiding hole structure 3. The cylindrical blind holes on the lower surface are staggered with the hemispherical pits on the upper surface, so that the upper and lower surfaces are not directly connected.

[0060] In this embodiment, the diameter of the hemispherical recess is 10 mm and the depth is 5 mm; the diameter of the cylindrical blind hole is 3 mm and the depth is 7 mm. The sum of the depth of the recessed structure 2 and the depth of the water-guiding hole structure 3 is greater than the thickness of the wood matrix 1, so as to enhance the spatial coupling between the upper and lower structures inside the wood.

[0061] (3) Construction of photothermal absorption layer 4:

[0062] First, prepare 20 mL of a 0.37 wt% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aqueous solution. Specifically, weigh 0.074 g of PVA powder and slowly add it to 20 mL of deionized water while stirring. Then, use a magnetic stirring and heating device to heat the PVA aqueous solution to 55~60℃ and continue stirring for 20 min until the PVA is completely dissolved. Cool to room temperature for later use.

[0063] 6.4 mL of a 10 mg / mL graphene oxide (GO) aqueous dispersion was added to a clean beaker, followed by slow dropwise addition of 11.2 mL of the aforementioned PVA aqueous solution while stirring. The mixture was stirred at 500 rpm for 10–15 min using a magnetic stirrer to form a preliminarily stable GO-PVA dispersion. Subsequently, 2.4 mL of a carbon nanotube (CNT) dispersion was slowly added, and stirring continued for 20–30 min until a stable and homogeneous black composite dispersion was formed. The CNT dispersion contained 40 mg / mL CNTs and 16 mg / mL polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). PVA primarily functioned as a binder, while PVP primarily acted as a dispersant and also provided auxiliary binding.

[0064] In this embodiment, the total content of PVA and PVP in the composite dispersion is 4 mg / mL, the carbon component content is 8 mg / mL, and the mass ratio of CNTs to GO is 3:2.

[0065] Based on a 20 mL aqueous dispersion, the mass percentages of each component are as follows: CNTs 0.48 wt%, GO 0.32 wt%, PVA 0.207 wt%, and PVP 0.192 wt%.

[0066] The wood substrate 1 is suspended and fixed, exposing only its upper surface. A multi-coat, thin-layer spraying method is used, employing a spray gun with a nozzle diameter of 0.3 mm for uniform spraying at an air pressure of 0.15 MPa and a spray distance of 20 cm. Four cross-atomization spraying passes are applied sequentially in the transverse, longitudinal, 45° angled, and reverse 45° angled directions, ensuring the composite dispersion is loaded onto the upper surface of the wood substrate 1 and the inner walls of the recessed structures, forming a uniform black photothermal absorption layer 4 with a thickness of approximately 50 μm. This multi-coat, thin-layer spraying method helps reduce the risk of localized buildup and clogging of the wood surface pores, and improves the uniformity of the coating thickness and adhesion stability.

[0067] The coated sample was placed in a vacuum drying oven and pre-dried under vacuum conditions of 40℃ and -80 kPa for 1 h. Then the temperature was raised to 60℃ and vacuum dried under the same conditions for another 1 h. After cooling to room temperature, the sample was taken out for use.

[0068] (4) Surface hydrophobic modification treatment:

[0069] The inner wall of the pit on the upper surface of the wood matrix 1 was locally hydrophobically modified by methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) vapor deposition.

[0070] Specifically, the wood sample loaded with the photothermal absorption layer 4 is partially shielded with aluminum foil tape, exposing only the inner wall of the recessed structure; three polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) short rods are pasted on the inner wall of a high borosilicate glass cup, and the wood sample is placed flat on the PTFE short rods, so that the wood sample is about 5 cm away from the mouth of the beaker.

[0071] Place a PTFE evaporating dish in the center of a glass slide and add 1 mL of MTMS stock solution to the evaporating dish. Place two small cotton balls on each side of the evaporating dish, each cotton ball absorbing 0.1 mL of deionized water. Maintain a distance of about 3 cm between the cotton balls and the MTMS evaporating dish. Then, cover the glass slide with an inverted borosilicate glass cup and seal the seam with aluminum foil tape to form a sealed fumigation chamber.

[0072] The sealed fumigation chamber was placed on a heating platform and heated at a constant temperature of 50°C for 4 hours. After heating, the heating platform was turned off and the chamber was allowed to cool naturally to room temperature. Then, the aluminum foil tape was slowly peeled off, and the chamber was left to stand for 5 minutes to allow the vapor to diffuse before removing the wood sample. The sample was then placed in a vacuum drying oven and cured at 50°C and a vacuum of -80 kPa for 1 hour. After curing, the chamber was kept under vacuum and cooled to room temperature before slowly releasing the gas to atmospheric pressure. The sample was then removed for later use.

[0073] After the above treatment, only the inner wall of the concave structure of the wood matrix 1 forms a local hydrophobic modified layer 5, while the remaining areas of the upper surface, the lower surface and the internal water channels of the wood matrix 1 remain hydrophilic, thus constructing a local asymmetric wetting structure.

[0074] A photograph of the actual wood-based solar interfacial evaporator with recessed-misaligned channels prepared in this embodiment can be found in [the image]. Figure 5 The left side shows the water-guiding hole structure 3 on the lower surface, and the right side shows the recessed structure 2 on the upper surface.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] This embodiment provides a recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator. The remaining structure and preparation process are basically the same as those in Embodiment 1. The difference is that in this embodiment, the entire upper surface of the wood matrix 1 is subjected to hydrophobic modification treatment.

[0077] Specifically, after completing the pretreatment of the wood substrate 1 in step (1), the processing of the recessed structure 2 and the water-conducting hole structure 3 in step (2), and the construction of the photothermal absorption layer 4 in step (3), the entire upper surface of the wood substrate 1 is subjected to hydrophobic modification treatment using the MTMS vapor deposition method, and the specific treatment conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0078] After the above treatment, a hydrophobic layer is formed on the entire upper surface of the wood matrix 1, while the lower surface and internal water channels of the wood matrix 1 remain hydrophilic, thus constructing an asymmetric wetting structure.

[0079] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The above embodiments are provided only for the purpose of describing the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Parts not described in detail in this specification are well-known in the art and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. All equivalent substitutions and modifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A recessed-misaligned perforated wood-based solar interface evaporator, characterized in that, The material includes a wood matrix, with a plurality of recessed structures on the upper surface and a plurality of water-guiding hole structures on the lower surface. The water-guiding hole structures are staggered with the recessed structures so that the upper and lower surfaces of the wood matrix are not directly connected. The sum of the depth of the recessed structures and the depth of the water-guiding hole structures is greater than or equal to the thickness of the wood matrix.

2. The recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wood matrix is ​​a sheet-like structure formed by cutting wood along the grain, and the wood matrix is ​​porous wood with natural water-conducting channels.

3. The recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the wood matrix and the inner wall of the recessed structure are loaded with a photothermal absorption layer, which includes graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes.

4. The recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The photothermal absorption layer also includes a binder and / or a dispersant.

5. The recessed-misaligned perforated wood-based solar interface evaporator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator has an asymmetric wetting structure; the upper surface of the wood matrix and / or the inner wall of the recessed structure are hydrophobically modified to form a hydrophobic modified layer, while the internal water-conducting channels and lower surface of the wood matrix remain hydrophilic to form an asymmetric wetting structure. The recessed-misaligned pore wood-based solar interface evaporator according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized in that the recessed-misaligned pore wood-based solar interface evaporator has an asymmetric wetting structure, the upper surface of the wood matrix and / or the inner wall of the recessed structure are provided with a hydrophobic modification layer, and the internal water-conducting channels and the lower surface of the wood matrix are hydrophilic surfaces.

6. The recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water contact angle of the upper surface of the wood matrix and / or the inner wall of the recessed structure is greater than or equal to 100°.

7. A method for preparing a wood-based solar interface evaporator with recessed-misaligned channels, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Matrix pretreatment: Porous wood with natural water-conducting channels is cut along the grain to obtain sheet-like wood matrix; S2: Structural processing: Several recessed structures are processed on the upper surface of the wood substrate, and several water-guiding hole structures are processed on the lower surface of the wood substrate. The water-guiding hole structures are blind holes and are offset from the recessed structures so that the upper and lower surfaces of the wood substrate are not directly connected.

8. The method for preparing the recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator according to claim 7, characterized in that, The preparation method also includes the following steps: S3: Construction of photothermal absorption layer: A composite dispersion containing graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes is loaded onto the upper surface of the wood matrix and the inner wall of the recessed structure, and a photothermal absorption layer is formed after drying.

9. The method for preparing the recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator according to claim 8, characterized in that, The preparation method also includes the following steps: S4: Hydrophobic modification: The upper surface and / or inner wall of the recessed structure of the wood matrix are modified with a silane-based hydrophobic agent to maintain the hydrophilicity of the internal water channels and lower surface of the wood matrix, thereby forming an asymmetric wetting structure.

10. The method for preparing the recessed-misaligned channel wood-based solar interface evaporator according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S3, the composite dispersion is loaded onto the upper surface of the wood matrix and the inner wall of the recessed structure using a multi-layer thin-layer spraying method; the spraying is done by cross-spraying; and the drying is done by vacuum drying.

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