Diaphragm-tide ring water power environment simulation device and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a radial tidal ring hydrodynamic environment simulation device and a use method, and belongs to the technical field of hydrodynamic simulation. The environment simulation device comprises a self-flow type water distribution tank, and a first dual circulation tank and a second dual circulation tank which are positioned in the self-flow type water distribution tank, and the two dual circulation tanks are connected through a runoff tank to realize water circulation; the system further comprises a hydrodynamic force and tide level adjusting system, a stratified sampling system for realizing water quality detection, a multi-parameter sensor and an environment isolation plate for realizing switching between an aerobic environment and an anaerobic environment. According to the invention, synchronous simulation of longitudinal runoff driving, vertical tidal change and ocean circulation complex hydrodynamic process can be realized, and single hydrodynamic process simulation can be realized through a hydrodynamic and tide level adjusting system; distributed environmental process monitoring and sample collection at any point location can be realized; the first dual circulation tank, the second dual circulation tank, the runoff tank and the environment isolation plate can simulate various special working conditions such as sediment, illumination and freezing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydrodynamic simulation technology, and relates to a device for simulating the hydrodynamic environment of runoff and tidal circulation and its usage. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrodynamics is a key factor influencing the transport of pollutants in water bodies. Pollutants are typically transported longitudinally from upstream to downstream in rivers. In lakes and reservoirs, they mainly migrate and diffuse horizontally or vertically. In the ocean, tidal forces drive vertical material exchange. Nearshore and estuarine processes are more complex, involving both longitudinal hydrodynamics from terrestrial rivers and the driving forces of ocean circulation and tides, resulting in a complex hydrodynamic process involving runoff, tides, and circulation. Existing methods for analyzing the impact of hydrodynamics on environmental processes include field observation, numerical simulation, and physical simulation. Field observation can capture the true environmental state, but it is limited by actual environmental conditions and struggles to grasp the overall process of environmental change. Identifying key elements requires extensive observational data and is difficult to avoid interference from external factors. Numerical simulation can depict the environmental impact driven by large-scale hydrodynamic processes, but describing the physical mechanisms requires in-depth analysis of key parameters and is easily constrained by computational power. The emergence of deep learning and artificial intelligence technologies has effectively improved simulation efficiency. However, the analysis of key mechanisms and processes remains a bottleneck in research on the environmental impact of hydrodynamics. Physical simulation experiments can effectively control variables and analyze the mechanisms and influence processes of key elements, making them crucial for coupling in-situ observation with numerical simulation. One experimental device simulating seawater intrusion and migration under hydrodynamic conditions features a multi-layered chamber structure and a liquid level regulation structure. Liquid level regulation enables the simulation of longitudinal migration of brackish water based on pressure difference. A nearshore in-situ culture experimental device simulating a strong hydrodynamic environment incorporates multiple experimental columns and openable / closable end caps, simulating in-situ vertical migration under strong hydrodynamic conditions. Another device simulates tidal hydrodynamics. This device incorporates an adjustment mechanism at the bottom of the simulation chamber, tilting the chamber to simulate tidal changes. Current physical simulation devices commonly include rectangular hydrodynamic tanks, annular tanks, and simulation columns, which can only effectively simulate single longitudinal and vertical hydrodynamic processes, making it difficult to simulate complex hydrodynamic processes involving runoff, tides, and circulation.

[0003] In summary, in order to study the environmental processes driven by complex hydrodynamics in nearshore and estuarine areas, it is necessary to develop a composite hydrodynamic environment simulation device that can realize the superposition of runoff, tides, and circulation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a hydrodynamic environment simulation device and method for use based on runoff, tides, and circulation. This invention analyzes the hydrodynamic characteristics of runoff, tides, and circulation, and realizes the above-mentioned composite dynamic process model through a dual circulation channel, a runoff channel, and a flow velocity regulating plate. It also designs multi-parameter sensors to monitor hydrodynamic and environmental processes, and uses a stratified sampling system to collect stratified samples. Furthermore, it can simulate various special working conditions such as ice cover, sediment, light environment, and oxygen environment.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A tidal flow dynamic environment simulation device includes a first paired circulation channel 1, a second paired circulation channel 2, a runoff channel 3, a hydrodynamic and tidal level regulation system 4, a stratified sampling system 5, a multi-parameter sensor 6, an environmental isolation plate 7, and a gravity-flow distribution channel 8. The stratified sampling system 5 and the multi-parameter sensor 6 are installed at the lateral outlet areas along the axial direction of the first paired circulation channel 1 and the second paired circulation channel 2, and near the outlet of the runoff channel 3. All the above devices are placed within the gravity-flow distribution channel 8. Specifically:

[0007] The first dual-circulation tank 1 consists of a first tank body 1-1 and a first water distribution tank 1-2. The first tank body 1-1 has a multi-layer annular design, and its diameter and number of layers can be adjusted according to the actual simulation purpose. The first water distribution tank 1-2 is located at the center of the first tank body 1-1, and its upper part is higher than the first tank body 1-1. It is provided with uniform water supply holes, and water is supplied to the first tank body 1-1 through the water supply holes. That is, the water flows into the tank body 1-1 from the upper outlet of the water distribution tank 1-2 under the action of gravity. The bottom of the first water distribution tank 1-2 is a conical water inlet, and the water inlet is connected to the variable frequency submersible pump 4-1 through the pipe 4-2. The outer layer of the first tank body 1-1 is equipped with a layered sampling system 5 and a multi-parameter sensor 6, which are located in the lateral outlet area along the axial direction.

[0008] The structure of the second paired annular channel 2 is similar to that of the first paired annular channel 1. The difference is that the second paired annular channel 2 is located at the lower part of the gravity-flow distribution channel 8, and the upper part of the second collection and distribution tank 2-2 is lower than the second channel body 2-1, so that the water in the second channel body 2-1 can flow to the water storage end of the gravity-flow distribution channel 8 by gravity through the outlet hole at the bottom of the second collection and distribution tank 2-2. The outer layer of the second paired annular channel 2 is also equipped with a layered sampling system 5 and a multi-parameter sensor 6, located in the outer layer along the axial direction, i.e., the lateral outlet area.

[0009] The runoff channel 3 is connected at both ends to the outer sides of the first paired annular channel 1 and the second paired annular channel 2, respectively. A flow velocity regulating plate 3-1 is installed at the connection between the runoff channel 3 and the first paired annular channel 1. By adjusting the vertical height of the flow velocity regulating plate 3-1, the slope of the flow from the first paired annular channel 1 to the second paired annular channel 2 through the runoff channel 3 is simulated, thereby regulating the flow velocity. The outlet of the runoff channel 3 is equipped with a stratified sampling system 5 and a multi-parameter sensor 6 for monitoring environmental conditions. The length of the runoff channel 3 is by default twice the total length of the first paired annular channel and can be adjusted according to the actual simulation purpose.

[0010] The hydrodynamic and tidal level regulation system 4 includes a variable frequency submersible pump 4-1 and a pipeline 4-2. The variable frequency submersible pump 4-1 is placed in the water storage section of the gravity-flow distribution tank 8, adjacent to the bottom of the second distribution tank 2-2 of the second paired circulation tank 2. It is connected to the conical inlet at the bottom of the first distribution tank 1-2 through the pipeline 4-2 to realize water circulation. Specifically, the water that has accumulated at the water storage end of the gravity-flow distribution tank 8 due to gravity is pumped to the first distribution tank 1-2, realizing the circulation of water from the first paired circulation tank 1 through the runoff tank 3 to the second paired circulation tank 2. The water flow is in a circulation state in the first paired circulation tank 1 and the second paired circulation tank 2, simulating the ocean circulation process under different Coriolis force directions. In the runoff tank 3, it is in a linear motion state, simulating the runoff transport process of the river channel flowing into the sea. The flow rate is adjusted by controlling the frequency of the variable frequency submersible pump 4-1, thereby simulating the changes in tidal level. In addition, by adjusting the variable frequency submersible pump 4-1, it is also possible to monitor and study a single hydrodynamic process. Specifically, by fixing the frequency of the variable frequency submersible pump of the hydrodynamic and tidal level regulation system 4, the liquid level is stabilized and the vertical tidal influence is avoided. A single circulation process can be simulated in the first pair of dual circulation tanks 1 and the second pair of dual circulation tanks 2, and a single longitudinal runoff can be simulated in the runoff tank 3.

[0011] The stratified sampling system 5 includes two parts: a fixed stratified sampling port 5-1 and an additional peristaltic sampling pump 5-2. The fixed stratified sampling port 5-1 is located on the outer axial layer of the first paired annular channel 1 and the second paired annular channel 2, i.e., the lateral outlet end, and the outlet of the runoff channel 3. Ten water inlets are evenly distributed in the vertical direction, which can be adjusted according to the actual height. The peristaltic sampling pump 5-2 can collect water samples from any point of the simulation device through a flexible hose, which is convenient for intensified monitoring and tracking monitoring of key areas.

[0012] The multi-parameter sensor 6 is suspended and includes, by default, basic sensors such as temperature sensor 6-1, flow meter 6-2, pressure sensor 6-3, dissolved oxygen sensor 6-4, and pH sensor 6-5, as well as a control panel 6-6. Additional sensors such as ammonia nitrogen sensor, phosphate sensor, conductivity sensor, and liquid level sensor can be added according to the experimental purpose. The water quality of the first paired annular flow tank 1, the second paired annular flow tank 2, and the runoff tank 3 is monitored, and the monitoring positions are adjusted according to water quality changes. Water sample information acquired by the temperature sensor 6-1, flow meter 6-2, pressure sensor 6-3, dissolved oxygen sensor 6-4, and pH sensor 6-5 is transmitted wirelessly to the control panel 6-6, and the rate of water quality change is calculated.

[0013] The environmental isolation panel 7 is located on top of the self-flowing water distribution tank 8, and is equipped with a slide rail 7-1 and a semiconductor cooling system 7-2. The slide rail 7-1 is used for opening and closing. The slide rail 7-1 adopts a fixed-moving cooperative structure, with its fixed section installed on the side of the self-flowing water distribution tank 8 and its movable section connected to the side of the environmental isolation panel 7. The extension direction of the slide rail 7-1 is consistent with the opening and closing direction of the isolation panel 7. When opening, the environmental isolation panel 7 is pushed along the extension direction of the slide rail 7-1 towards the isolation work position until the isolation panel 7 is fully opened and forms a closed / semi-closed isolation space. When closing, the environmental isolation panel 7 is pulled along the slide rail 7-1 in the opposite direction towards the storage position until the isolation panel 7 is fitted and stored against the side of the self-flowing water distribution tank 8, completing the opening and closing process. Specifically: the slide rail 7-1 is easy to retract. When an oxygen-free environment is required, the environmental isolation plate 7 is covered with the self-flowing water distribution tank 8 through the slide rail 7-1 to isolate it from atmospheric oxygen. Similarly, when an oxygen-rich environment is required, the slide rail is used to retract the environmental isolation plate 7 and place it on the side of the self-flowing water distribution tank 8.

[0014] The self-flowing water distribution tank 8 accommodates all equipment and is made of plexiglass. The top is equipped with a chute that matches the environmental isolation plate, and the bottom is sloped. The first pair of circulating tanks 1 is placed at the top of the slope, and the second pair of circulating tanks 2 is placed at the bottom of the slope. A variable frequency submersible pump 4-1 is placed next to it. After the water flows through the second pair of circulating tanks 2, it is accumulated at the bottom of the slope by gravity. The variable frequency submersible pump 4-1 is used to pump the water back to the first pair of circulating tanks 1, so that the system can circulate.

[0015] Furthermore, the first paired circulation channel 1 and the second paired circulation channel 2 are connected to the runoff channel 3 to realize the circulation of water from the first paired circulation channel 1 through the runoff channel 3 to the second paired circulation channel 2. The water flow is in a circulation state in the first paired circulation channel 1 and the second paired circulation channel 2 to simulate the ocean circulation process under different Coriolis force directions. In the runoff channel 3, the water is in a linear motion state to simulate the runoff transport process of the river channel flowing into the sea. The flow rate is adjusted by controlling the frequency of the submersible pump, thereby simulating the changes in tidal level.

[0016] Furthermore, the fixed layered sampling port 5-1 is provided with multiple water intakes distributed along the vertical direction, and the height of the water intakes can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0017] Furthermore, the semiconductor refrigeration system 7-2 uses a TEC2-19008 refrigeration chip, which can simulate the environment of water surface freezing in northern winters. The semiconductor refrigeration system 7-2 is available in two types: non-uniform and uniform, to simulate non-uniform and uniform freezing processes.

[0018] Furthermore, the multi-parameter sensor 6 is deployed according to the experimental purpose, located in the surface, middle, and bottom layers of the water body, and its monitoring position can be adjusted according to the experimental objective. The control panel 6-6 of the multi-parameter sensor 6 is equipped with a power switch and four control buttons. Through these control buttons, the water quality parameters and change rates in different areas of the water sample can be displayed in real time. When the water quality change rate exceeds a set value, a signal is emitted to increase the monitoring frequency, thus enabling more accurate monitoring of water quality changes under different conditions.

[0019] Furthermore, the bottom of the self-flowing water distribution tank 8 has a 5% slope to facilitate water flow. A light-blocking curtain is also designed on the side, which can be adjusted to create either a light-blocked or light-filled environment.

[0020] A method for simulating the dynamic environment of runoff and tidal circulation based on the above-mentioned device includes the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Select a stable plane, assemble and debug the device, fix the first water distribution tank 1-2 at the center of the first paired circulation channel 1, connect the runoff channel 3 and the second paired circulation channel 2 in sequence, install the hydrodynamic and tidal level regulation system 4, fill the gravity-flow water distribution channel 8 with water and check the sealing and water circulation status.

[0022] Step 2: Install the monitoring and sampling system. Fix the flow rate regulating plate 3-1 at the connection between the runoff channel 3 and the first paired annular channel 1, deploy the multi-parameter sensor 6, install the stratified sampling system 5 and the environmental isolation plate 7, and configure the semiconductor cooling system 7-2 according to the experimental requirements.

[0023] Step 3: Pour experimental water into the gravity-flow water distribution tank 8 to the preset water depth, adjust the initial state of the light-shielding curtain and environmental isolation plate 7, start the variable frequency submersible pump 4-1 and gradually adjust the frequency so that the first paired circulation tank 1 and the second collection and distribution tank 1-2 are in circulation state and the flow tank 3 is in straight flow state.

[0024] Step 4: Simulate special environments according to experimental requirements, including switching between light-proof and light-bearing environments by using a light-blocking curtain, switching between aerobic and hypoxic environments by using an environmental isolation plate 7, and simulating uniform or non-uniform freezing processes by using a semiconductor refrigeration system 7-2.

[0025] Step 5: Data is collected in real time by multi-parameter sensor 6 and wirelessly transmitted to control panel 6-6. When the parameter change rate exceeds the threshold, encrypted monitoring is carried out. Water samples are collected at fixed time points or key areas by stratified sampling system 5.

[0026] Step 6: After the experiment, turn off the power to the semiconductor cooling system 7-2, the variable frequency submersible pump 4-1, and the multi-parameter sensor 6 in sequence. Export the backup data from the control panel 6-6 and retract the environmental isolation plate 7. Drain the water and clean the device. Store the sensors and movable parts as required.

[0027] Furthermore, in step 1, sediments may be laid at the bottom of the first paired annular channel 1, the runoff channel 3, and the second paired annular channel 2 according to experimental requirements.

[0028] Furthermore, in step 3, when starting the submersible pump 4-1, it is first run at a low frequency, and the frequency is gradually increased after the water flow forms a stable circulation.

[0029] Furthermore, in step 5, when collecting water samples through the stratified sampling system 5, a small amount of water needs to be discharged from the fixed stratified sampling port 5-1 to flush the pipe, and the peristaltic sampling pump 5-2 extracts water samples at a low flow rate to avoid disturbance.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0031] 1) The first paired circulation channel, the second paired circulation channel, the runoff channel, the hydrodynamic and tidal level regulation system, and the gravity-flow distribution channel designed in this invention realize the synchronous simulation of complex hydrodynamic processes such as longitudinal runoff drive, vertical tidal change, and ocean circulation. Furthermore, the simulation of a single hydrodynamic process can also be realized through the control of the hydrodynamic and tidal level regulation system.

[0032] 2) The hierarchical sampling system and multi-parameter sensor provided by this invention can realize distributed environmental process monitoring and sample collection; the peristaltic pump sampling method provided can collect samples from any point in the simulation device.

[0033] 3) The first paired circulation channel, the second paired circulation channel, the runoff channel, and the environmental isolation plate provided by this invention can simulate various special working conditions such as sediment, light, and ice cover. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hydrodynamic environment simulation device in a disclosed embodiment.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the three water tanks (first paired annular flow tank 1, second paired annular flow tank 2, and runoff tank 3) of the core component of the simulation device in this embodiment of the invention.

[0036] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first paired annular flow tank 1 in an embodiment of the present invention, showing the assembly relationship of the first tank body 1-1, the first water distribution tank 1-2, the layered sampling system 5 and the multi-parameter sensor 6.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first water distribution tank 1-2 in an embodiment of the present invention, showing the arrangement of the water supply hole and the bottom conical water inlet.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second paired annular flow tank 2 in an embodiment of the present invention, showing the assembly relationship of the second tank body 2-1, the second water distribution tank 2-2, the stratified sampling system 5 and the multi-parameter sensor 6.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the first paired annular flow channel 1 and the radial flow channel 3 in an embodiment of the present invention, showing the connection structure between the first paired annular flow channel 1 and the radial flow channel 3.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the flow rate regulating plate (3-1) at the inlet of the flow channel 3 in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of changing the hydraulic gradient of the runoff channel 3 by adjusting the vertical height of the flow velocity adjustment plate (3-1) in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrodynamic and tidal level regulation system 4 in an embodiment of the present invention, showing the connection relationship between the variable frequency submersible pump 4-1 and the pipeline 4-2.

[0043] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the layered sampler 5 (fixed layered sampling port 5-1) in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stratified sampler 5 (peristaltic pump 5-2) in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-parameter sensor 6 in an embodiment of the present invention, showing the assembly relationship of the temperature sensor 6-1, flow rate meter 6-2, pressure sensor 6-3, dissolved oxygen sensor 6-4, and pH sensor 6-5 on the multi-parameter sensor 6.

[0046] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-parameter sensor 6 (control panel 6-6) in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the environmental isolation plate 7 in an embodiment of the present invention, showing the assembly relationship between the slide rail 7-1 and the semiconductor cooling system 7-2.

[0048] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-flowing water distribution tank 8 in an embodiment of the present invention, showing the arrangement of a 5% slope and a chute 7-1.

[0049] In the diagram: 1 First paired circulation channel; 2 Second paired circulation channel; 3 Runoff channel; 4 Hydrodynamic and tidal level regulation system; 5 Layered sampling system; 6 Multi-parameter sensor; 7 Environmental isolation plate; 8 Gravity-flowing water distribution channel;

[0050] 1-1 First tank; 1-2 First water distribution tank; 2-1 Second tank; 2-2 Second water distribution tank; 3-1 Flow rate regulating plate; 4-1 Variable frequency submersible pump; 4-2 Pipeline; 5-1 Layered sampling port; 5-2 Peristaltic sampling pump; 6-1 Temperature sensor; 6-2 Flow meter; 6-3 Pressure sensor; 6-4 Dissolved oxygen sensor; 6-5 pH sensor; 6-6 Control panel; 7-1 Slide rail; 7-2 Semiconductor refrigeration system. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the technical solution (and accompanying drawings).

[0052] A device for simulating the dynamic environment of tidal circulation and its usage method. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0053] Step 1: Tank Assembly and Debugging

[0054] The first paired circulation tank 1 consists of a first tank body 1-1 and a first water distribution tank 1-2, with the specific structure as follows: Figure 3 The first tank 1-1 is a multi-layered annular design, the diameter and number of layers of which are adjusted according to the actual simulation purpose; the default is a 4-layer annular tank with a height of 1m, a width of 20cm, and a total length of approximately 20m, made of plexiglass; the first water distribution tank 1-2 is located at the center of the first tank 1-1, its upper part is higher than the first tank 1-1, and it is provided with uniform water supply holes, its structure as follows. Figure 4 Water is supplied to the first tank 1-1 through a water supply hole, meaning the water flows into the first tank 1-1 from the upper outlet of the first water distribution tank 1-2 under gravity. The bottom of the first water distribution tank 1-2 has a conical inlet, which is connected to the variable frequency submersible pump 4-1 through a pipe 4-2. A layered sampling system 5 and a multi-parameter sensor 6 are deployed on the outer layer of the first tank 1-1, located in the axial outer layer, i.e., the lateral outlet area. The structure of the second paired annular tank 2 is similar to that of the first paired annular tank 1, and its structure is as follows: Figure 5The difference lies in that the second paired annular channel 2 is located at the lower part of the gravity-flow distribution channel 8, and the upper part of the second collecting and distributing tank 2-2 is lower than the second channel body 2-1, so that the water in the second channel body 2-1 can flow to the water storage end of the gravity-flow distribution channel 8 by gravity through the outlet hole at the bottom of the second collecting and distributing tank 2-2; the outer side of the second paired annular channel 2 is also equipped with a layered sampling system 5 and a multi-parameter sensor 6, located in the outer layer along the axial direction, i.e., the lateral outlet area. The two ends of the runoff channel 3 are respectively connected to the outer sides of the first paired annular channel 1 and the second paired annular channel 2, and the connection is as follows. Figure 2 The flow rate regulating plate 3-1 is installed at the connection between the runoff channel 3 and the first paired annular channel 1, as shown in the installation diagram. Figure 7 By adjusting the vertical height of the flow velocity regulating plate 3-1, the slope of the flow from the first paired annular channel 1 to the second paired annular channel 2 through the radial channel 3 is simulated, thereby regulating the flow velocity. The adjustment diagram is shown below. Figure 8 The outlet end of runoff channel 3 is equipped with a stratified sampling system 5 and a multi-parameter sensor 6 for monitoring environmental conditions. The length of runoff channel 3 is twice the total length of the first paired annular channel by default, but can be adjusted according to the actual simulation purpose. Sediments can be laid at the bottom of the first paired annular channel 1, runoff channel 3, and second paired annular channel 2 according to experimental requirements.

[0055] The hydrodynamic and tidal level regulation system 4 includes a variable frequency submersible pump 4-1 and pipelines 4-2, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 9 The variable frequency submersible pump 4-1 is placed in the water storage section of the gravity-flow distribution tank 8, adjacent to the bottom of the collection and distribution tank 2-2 of the second paired circulation tank 2. It is connected to the conical inlet at the bottom of the first collection and distribution tank 1-2 via pipe 4-2 to achieve water circulation. The installation position is as follows: Figure 1 The first paired annular channel 1 and the second paired annular channel 2 are connected to the runoff channel 3, as shown in the connection diagram below. Figure 2 This system achieves the circulation of water from the first paired circulation channel 1 through the runoff channel 3 to the second paired circulation channel 2. The water flow is in a circulation state within the first and second paired circulation channels 1 and 2, simulating ocean circulation processes under different Coriolis force directions. In the runoff channel 3, the water moves in a linear motion, simulating the runoff transport process of a river flowing into the sea. The flow rate is adjusted by controlling the frequency of the submersible pump, thereby simulating tidal level changes. Furthermore, by adjusting the variable frequency submersible pump 4-1, it is possible to monitor and study a single hydrodynamic process. Specifically, by fixing the frequency of the variable frequency submersible pump in the hydrodynamic and tidal level regulation system 4, the liquid level is stabilized, avoiding the influence of vertical tides. This allows for the simulation of a single circulation process in the first and second paired circulation channels 1 and 2, and a single longitudinal runoff simulation in the runoff channel 3.

[0056] Step Two: Installation of Monitoring and Sampling System

[0057] The stratified sampling system 5 comprises two parts: a fixed stratified sampling port 5-1 and a peristaltic sampling pump 5-2. The fixed stratified sampling port 5-1 is located on the outer side of the first paired annular flow channel 1 and the second paired annular flow channel 2 along the axial direction and at the outlet end of the radial flow channel 3. Ten water inlets are evenly distributed vertically and can be adjusted according to the actual height. Its structure is as follows: Figure 10 The peristaltic sampling pump 5-2 collects water samples from arbitrary points via a sampling tube, facilitating intensive monitoring and tracking of key areas. (See details for peristaltic sampling pump 5-2.) Figure 11 The multi-parameter sensor 6 is suspended and mainly consists of a temperature sensor 6-1, a flow rate meter 6-2, a pressure sensor 6-3, a dissolved oxygen sensor 6-4, a pH sensor 6-5, and a control panel 6-6. Its structure is as follows: Figure 12 , 13 The system can be equipped with additional sensors such as ammonia nitrogen, phosphate, conductivity, and level sensors to suit different experimental purposes. Water quality is monitored in the first paired annular flow tank 1, the second paired annular flow tank 2, and the runoff tank 3, with monitoring positions adjusted according to water quality changes. Water sample information acquired by temperature sensor 6-1, flow meter 6-2, pressure sensor 6-3, dissolved oxygen sensor 6-4, and pH sensor 6-5 is transmitted wirelessly to the control panel 6-6, and the water quality change rate is calculated. The multi-parameter sensor 6 is deployed according to the experimental purpose, located in the surface, middle, and bottom layers of the water body, and its monitoring position can be adjusted accordingly. The control panel 6-6 of the multi-parameter sensor 6 is equipped with a power switch and four control buttons. These buttons allow for real-time display of water quality parameters and change rates in different areas of the water sample. A signal is emitted when the water quality change rate exceeds a set value, increasing the monitoring frequency for more accurate monitoring of water quality changes under different conditions. The environmental isolation plate 7 includes a slide rail 7-1 and a semiconductor cooling system 7-2, and its structure is as follows: Figure 14The opening and closing of the isolation panel is achieved via a slide rail 7-1, which employs a fixed-moving coupling structure. The fixed section is installed on the side of the gravity-flow water distribution tank 8, while the movable section connects to the side of the environmental isolation panel 7. The extension direction of the slide rail 7-1 aligns with the opening and closing direction of the isolation panel 7. The opening and closing action is driven by external force: when unfolding, the environmental isolation panel 7 is pushed along the extension direction of the slide rail 7-1 towards the isolation work position until it is fully unfolded, forming a closed / semi-closed isolation space; when closing, the environmental isolation panel 7 is pulled along the slide rail 7-1 in the opposite direction towards the storage position until it is fitted and stored against the side of the gravity-flow water distribution tank 8, completing the opening and closing process. Specifically: when an oxygen-free environment is required, the environmental isolation panel 7 is covered by the gravity-flow water distribution tank 8 via the slide rail 7-1 to isolate it from atmospheric oxygen; similarly, when an aerobic environment is required, the slide rail is used to fold up the environmental isolation panel 7 and place it against the side of the gravity-flow water distribution tank 8. The semiconductor cooling system 7-2 uses a TEC2-19008 cooling chip to simulate the environment of water surface freezing in northern winters. The semiconductor cooling system 7-2 is available in both non-uniform and uniform designs to simulate non-uniform and uniform freezing processes, respectively. The gravity-flow water distribution tank 8 houses all equipment and is made of plexiglass. Its top has a chute that matches the environmental isolation plate, and its bottom has a 5% slope to facilitate water flow. A light-shielding curtain is also designed on the side, which can be adjusted to create either a light-blocking or light-enhancing environment. The structure is as follows: Figure 15 The first paired circulation channel 1 is placed at the top of the slope, and the second paired circulation channel 2 is placed at the bottom of the slope. A variable frequency submersible pump 4-1 is placed next to them. After the water flows through the second paired circulation channel 2, it is accumulated at the bottom of the slope by gravity. The variable frequency submersible pump 4-1 is used to pump the water back to the first paired circulation channel 1, enabling the system to circulate. The gravity-flow distribution channel 8 has a 5% slope at the bottom to facilitate water flow. A light-shielding curtain is also designed on the side, which can be adjusted to set a light-shielding or light-enhancing environment.

[0058] Step 3: Experiment Execution

[0059] Slowly inject experimental water (such as deionized water, artificial seawater, or natural water) or simultaneously add sediment to simulate a multi-media system into the gravity-flow water distribution tank 8 until the preset water depth is reached, avoiding water flow impacting the multi-parameter sensor 6. Check the system's airtightness and gently shake pipe 4-2 to remove any remaining air. Check that the valves at the fixed stratified sampling ports 5-1 are closed, and prepare the peristaltic pump 5-2 and sampling tubes. Adjust the light-shielding curtain (to block light or allow light in) and the environmental isolation plate 7 (folded up to the side of the tank to maintain an aerobic environment) according to the initial experimental conditions. Connect the power supply to control panel 6-6 and variable frequency submersible pump 4-1. Start variable frequency submersible pump 4-1 at a low frequency and observe whether the water flows out evenly from the first distribution tank 1-2, through the first tank 1-1, the runoff tank 3, the second tank 2-1, and the second distribution tank 2-2 back to the water storage end of the gravity-flow distribution tank 8, forming a stable circulation. Gradually increase the pump frequency to make the first paired circulation tank 1 and the second paired circulation tank 2 have a circulating state, and the runoff tank 3 have a straight flow state. Step 4: Special Environment Simulation

[0060] Light-proof environment: The light-blocking curtains on the sides of the self-flowing water distribution tank 8 are completely closed to create a light-free or low-light environment for the entire system, which is used to simulate deep water areas or nighttime conditions.

[0061] In a lit environment: Remove the blackout curtain and illuminate the water body with laboratory ambient light or an external artificial light source.

[0062] Aerobic environment: The environmental isolation plate 7 is retracted and placed on the side of the water tank via the slide rail 7-1, so that the water surface is in full contact with the air. Through the turbulence and diffusion of the water flow, the water body is maintained in an aerobic state.

[0063] Anoxic environment: When an anoxic or anaerobic environment is required, the environmental isolation plate 7 is smoothly covered on top of the entire gravity-flow water distribution tank 8 via the slide rail 7-1. The sealing effect of the isolation plate will restrict the air circulation process, and the oxygen-consuming processes in the water (such as microbial respiration) will gradually consume dissolved oxygen, thus forming an anoxic or even anaerobic environment.

[0064] Simulating the water surface freezing process: This function is achieved through the integrated semiconductor cooling system 7-2 (TEC2-19008 thermoelectric cooler) on the environmental isolation plate 7. First, cover the entire system with the environmental isolation plate 7. Critical safety checks: Confirm that the heat dissipation system (such as heat sink fins and fan) of the hot end (usually the upward-facing side) of the semiconductor cooling system 7-2 is functioning correctly. The hot end must effectively dissipate heat during TEC operation; otherwise, the cold end will not cool, and the TEC chip itself may be permanently damaged due to overheating. Starting cooling: Connect the power supply to the semiconductor cooling system 7-2. Typically, the TEC requires an independent and stable DC power supply. Set the target cooling temperature using the accompanying temperature controller. Initially, a relatively low temperature can be set (e.g., 0-5°C), and then gradually decreased.

[0065] Simulating different icing processes: Uniform icing: Activate the "Uniform Design" mode of refrigeration system 7-2, causing all TEC coolers covering the water surface to operate at the same power, thus forming a relatively uniform ice layer on the water surface. Non-uniform icing: Activate the "Non-uniform Design" mode of refrigeration system 7-2. In this mode, TEC coolers in different areas will operate at different power, creating a temperature gradient on the water surface, thereby simulating complex natural ice conditions such as ice edges, ice caves, or ice of varying thickness.

[0066] Process Monitoring and Shutdown: During the refrigeration process, observe the freezing situation through a transparent isolation plate. Simultaneously, closely monitor the water temperature sensor readings. After the experiment, first turn off the TEC power supply, and only after the ice has melted naturally or been carefully removed should you shut down the water pump and other systems. Never force a high-speed water flow to start before the ice has melted.

[0067] Step 5: Data Acquisition and Water Sample Analysis

[0068] Multi-parameter sensor 6 collects data such as flow rate, pressure, temperature, pH, and DO in real time, and transmits it wirelessly to control panel 6-6. Control panel 6-6 can switch between displaying parameters and change rates for different areas. If the parameter change rate exceeds the threshold, the system will issue an early warning signal, prompting the operator to increase monitoring frequency. Fixed stratified sampling port 5-1 opens the sampling port valves of the outer layer of the dual circulation channel and the outlet of the runoff channel at fixed time points, first discharging a small amount of water to flush the pipeline, and then collecting water samples with sampling bottles and marking the time and location. Peristaltic pump 5-2 is used to sample the sensor alarm zone or key areas, extending the sampling tube to the target depth and extracting water samples at a low flow rate to avoid disturbance.

[0069] Step Six: End of Experiment and Storage of Apparatus

[0070] Turn off the power to the semiconductor cooling system 7-2, the variable frequency submersible pump 4-1, and the multi-parameter sensor 6 in sequence. Export backup data from the control panel 6-6 and retract the environmental isolation plate 7. Drain the water from the gravity-flow distribution tank 8 and thoroughly clean the tank, pipes, and pump. Remove the multi-parameter sensor 6 and clean the probe with deionized water (pay special attention to the DO membrane and pH electrode). Store it according to the instruction manual (the pH / ORP electrode needs to be immersed in the protective solution). Clean and return movable parts such as the peristaltic pump 5-2 to their original positions. Cover the system with a dust cover to keep it clean.

[0071] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the implementation methods of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for simulating the dynamic environment of tidal circulation, characterized in that, The hydrodynamic environment simulation device includes a gravity-flow distribution tank (8) and a first paired circulation tank (1), a second paired circulation tank (2), a runoff tank (3), a hydrodynamic and tidal level regulation system (4), a stratified sampling system (5), a multi-parameter sensor (6), and an environmental isolation plate (7) located within the gravity-flow distribution tank (8). The stratified sampling system (5) and the multi-parameter sensor (6) are installed at the lateral outlet areas of the first paired circulation tank (1) and the second paired circulation tank (2) along the axial outer side, and near the outlet of the runoff tank (3). Specifically: The bottom of the self-flowing water distribution tank (8) is sloped, with the lower end being the water storage section; The first paired circulation tank (1) consists of a first tank body (1-1) and a first water distribution tank (1-2); the first tank body (1-1) is a multi-layer ring design, and a layered sampling system (5) and a multi-parameter sensor (6) are arranged on the outer layer of the first tank body (1-1); the first water distribution tank (1-2) is located at the center of the first tank body (1-1), and supplies water to the first tank body (1-1) through the water supply hole, and is connected to the variable frequency submersible pump (4-1) of the hydrodynamic and tidal level regulation system (4) through the water inlet of the first water distribution tank (1-2) to realize water circulation; The second paired annular flow channel (2) is located in the water storage section and includes a second tank body (2-1) and a second water distribution tank (2-2); the second tank body (2-1) is a multi-layer annular design, with a layered sampling system (5) and multi-parameter sensors (6) arranged on the outer layer; the second water distribution tank (2-2) is located at the center of the second tank body (2-1) and is provided with an outlet; The first paired circulation channel (1) and the second paired circulation channel (2) are connected by a runoff channel (3) to realize the circulation of water from the first paired circulation channel (1) through the runoff channel (3) to the second paired circulation channel (2); the runoff channel (3) is equipped with a stratified sampling system (5) and a multi-parameter sensor (6) for monitoring the environmental status; The environmental isolation plate (7) is located on the top of the self-flowing water distribution tank (8), and is equipped with a slide rail (7-1) and a semiconductor cooling system (7-2). The slide rail (7-1) is used to extend and retract the plate, thereby enabling the switching between anaerobic and non-anaerobic environments.

2. The tidal circulation hydrodynamic environment simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the aforementioned tidal circulation hydrodynamic environment simulation device: In the first dual-circulation tank (1): the diameter and number of layers of the first tank body (1-1) are adjusted according to the actual simulation purpose; the top of the first water distribution tank (1-2) is higher than the first tank body (1-1), and the upper part is provided with uniform water supply holes, that is, the water flows into the first tank body (1-1) from the upper outlet of the first water distribution tank (1-2) by gravity; the bottom of the first water distribution tank (1-2) is provided with a conical water inlet, and the water inlet is connected to the variable frequency submersible pump (4-1) through the pipe (4-2); the layered sampling system (5) and multi-parameter sensor (6) arranged on the outer layer of the first tank body (1-1) are located in the lateral outlet area of ​​the outer layer along the axial direction; The structure of the second paired annular channel (2) is similar to that of the first paired annular channel (1), except that the second paired annular channel (2) is located at the lower part of the gravity-flow distribution channel (8), and the upper part of the second collection and distribution bucket (2-2) is lower than the second tank body (2-1), so that the water in the second tank body (2-1) can flow to the water storage end of the gravity-flow distribution channel (8) by gravity through the outlet hole at the bottom of the second collection and distribution bucket (2-2); the layered sampling system (5) and multi-parameter sensor (6) arranged on the outer layer of the second paired annular channel (2) are located in the axial outer layer, i.e., the lateral outlet area.

3. The tidal circulation hydrodynamic environment simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the flow channel (3): The two ends of the flow channel (3) are connected to the outer sides of the first paired annular channel (1) and the second paired annular channel (2), respectively; the flow velocity regulating plate (3-1) of the flow channel (3) is placed at the connection between the flow channel (3) and the first paired annular channel (1). By adjusting the vertical height of the flow velocity regulating plate (3-1), the slope of the first paired annular channel (1) flowing through the flow channel (3) to the second paired annular channel (2) is simulated to regulate the flow velocity. The outlet of the runoff channel (3) is equipped with a stratified sampling system (5) and a multi-parameter sensor (6); The length of the runoff channel (3) is by default twice the total length of the first paired annular channel, and can be adjusted according to the actual simulation purpose; The water flow is in a circulation state in the first pair of circulation channels (1) and the second pair of circulation channels (2) to simulate the ocean circulation process under different Coriolis force directions. In the runoff channel (3), the water is in a linear motion state to simulate the runoff transport process of the river channel flowing into the sea. The flow rate is adjusted by controlling the frequency of the submersible pump to simulate the changes in tidal level.

4. The tidal circulation hydrodynamic environment simulation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hydrodynamic and tidal regulation system (4) includes a variable frequency submersible pump (4-1) and pipelines (4-2); specifically: The variable frequency submersible pump (4-1) is placed in the water storage section of the gravity-flow water distribution tank (8), adjacent to the bottom of the second water collection tank (2-2) of the second paired circulation tank (2); The water circulation is specifically as follows: the water at the storage end of the gravity-flow distribution tank (8) is pumped to the first distribution tank (1-2) to realize the circulation of water from the first paired circulation tank (1) through the runoff tank (3) to the second paired circulation tank (2). The water flow is in circulation in the first paired circulation tank (1) and the second paired circulation tank (2) to simulate the ocean circulation process under different Coriolis force directions. In the runoff tank (3), it is in a linear motion state to simulate the runoff transport process of the river channel flowing into the sea. The flow rate is adjusted by controlling the frequency of the variable frequency submersible pump (4-1) to simulate the changes in tidal level. By adjusting the variable frequency submersible pump (4-1), it is possible to further monitor and study a single hydrodynamic process. Specifically, the frequency of the variable frequency submersible pump of the hydrodynamic and tidal level regulation system (4) is fixed to make the liquid level stable. A single circulation process simulation is realized in the first pair of dual circulation tanks (1) and the second pair of dual circulation tanks (2), and a single longitudinal runoff simulation is realized in the runoff tank (3).

5. The tidal circulation hydrodynamic environment simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the hierarchical sampling system (5) and the multi-parameter sensor (6): The stratified sampling system (5) includes a fixed stratified sampling port (5-1) and an additional peristaltic sampling pump (5-2); the stratified sampling port (5-1) is located at the outer axial layer of the first paired annular channel (1), the second paired annular channel (2) at the lateral outlet end, and the outlet of the runoff channel (3), with multiple water intakes evenly distributed in the vertical direction, which are adjusted according to the actual height; the peristaltic sampling pump (5-2) can collect water samples from any point of the simulation device through a flexible hose, realizing encrypted monitoring and tracking monitoring of key areas; The multi-parameter sensor (6) is suspended and includes a temperature sensor (6-1), a flow meter (6-2), a pressure sensor (6-3), a dissolved oxygen sensor (6-4), and a pH sensor (6-5), all of which are connected to the control panel (6-6) to calculate the rate of change in water quality. Ammonia nitrogen sensor, phosphate sensor, conductivity sensor, liquid level sensor, or other required sensors are also added according to the experimental purpose. The water quality of the first paired circulation tank (1), the second paired circulation tank (2), and the runoff tank (3) is monitored, and the monitoring position is adjusted according to the water quality changes.

6. The tidal circulation hydrodynamic environment simulation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the hierarchical sampling system (5) and the multi-parameter sensor (6): The fixed stratified sampling port (5-1) is equipped with multiple water intakes distributed along the vertical direction, and the height of the water intakes can be adjusted according to actual needs; The multi-parameter sensor (6) is deployed according to the experimental purpose, and is placed in the surface, middle and bottom layers of the water body. The monitoring position is adjusted according to the experimental purpose. The control panel (6-6) of the multi-parameter sensor (6) is equipped with a switch button and a control button. The water quality parameters and change rate of different areas in the water sample are displayed in real time through the control button. When the water quality change rate is higher than the set value, a signal is emitted to increase the monitoring frequency.

7. The tidal circulation hydrodynamic environment simulation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the environmental isolation panel (7): The slide rail (7-1) adopts a fixed-moving cooperative structure. Its fixed section is installed on the side of the self-flowing water distribution tank (8), and the movable section is connected to the side of the plate-shaped main structure. The extension direction of the slide rail (7-1) is the same as the extension and retraction direction of the environmental isolation plate (7). When unfolding, the environmental isolation plate (7) is pushed to slide along the extension direction of the slide rail (7-1) towards the isolation work position until the environmental isolation plate (7) is fully unfolded and forms a closed / semi-closed isolation space. When retracting, the environmental isolation plate (7) is pulled to slide in the opposite direction along the slide rail (7-1) towards the storage position until the environmental isolation plate (7) is fitted and stored on the side of the self-flowing water distribution tank (8) to complete the unfolding and retraction. The semiconductor refrigeration system (7-2) uses a TEC2-19008 refrigeration chip to simulate the environment of water surface freezing in northern winters; the semiconductor refrigeration system (7-2) has two types: non-uniform and uniform, to simulate non-uniform freezing process and uniform freezing process.

8. The tidal circulation hydrodynamic environment simulation device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The self-flowing water distribution tank (8) is made of plexiglass, with a chute at the top that matches the environmental isolation plate, a 5% slope at the bottom, and an adjustable light-blocking curtain on the side; the first paired circulation tank (1) is placed at the top of the slope, and the second paired circulation tank (2) is placed at the bottom of the slope.

9. A method for simulating the dynamic environment of runoff and tidal circulation based on the apparatus described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Select a stable plane, assemble and debug the device, fix the first water distribution tank (1-2) at the center of the first paired circulation channel (1), connect the runoff channel (3) and the second paired circulation channel (2) in sequence, install the hydrodynamic and tidal level regulation system (4), fill the gravity-flow water distribution channel (8) with water and check the sealing and water circulation status. Step 2: Install the monitoring and sampling system. Fix the flow rate regulating plate (3-1) at the connection between the runoff channel (3) and the first paired annular channel (1), set up multi-parameter sensors (6), install the stratified sampling system (5) and environmental isolation plate (7), and configure the semiconductor refrigeration system (7-2) according to the experimental requirements. Step 3: Inject experimental water into the gravity-flow water distribution tank (8) to the preset water depth, adjust the initial state of the light-shielding curtain and environmental isolation plate (7), start the variable frequency submersible pump (4-1) and gradually adjust the frequency so that the first pair of circulating tanks (1) and the second water distribution tank (1-2) are in a circulating state and the flow tank (3) is in a straight flow state. Step 4: Simulate special environments according to experimental requirements, including switching between light-proof and light-bearing environments by using a light-blocking curtain, switching between aerobic and hypoxic environments by using an environmental isolation plate (7), and simulating uniform or non-uniform freezing processes by using a semiconductor refrigeration system (7-2). Step 5: Data is collected in real time by a multi-parameter sensor (6) and wirelessly transmitted to the control panel (6-6). When the rate of change of parameters exceeds the threshold, monitoring is encrypted. Water samples are collected at fixed time points or key areas by a stratified sampling system (5). Step 6: After the experiment, turn off the power to the semiconductor cooling system (7-2), the variable frequency submersible pump (4-1) and the multi-parameter sensor (6) in sequence, export the backup data from the control panel (6-6), put away the environmental isolation plate (7), drain the water and clean the device, and save the sensor and movable parts.

10. The method for simulating the dynamic environment of runoff and tidal circulation according to claim 9, characterized in that, In the aforementioned method for simulating the dynamic environment of tidal circulation: In step 1, sediments are laid at the bottom of the first paired annular channel (1), the runoff channel (3), and the second paired annular channel (2) according to experimental requirements. In step 3, when starting the variable frequency submersible pump (4-1), it should first be run at a low frequency, and the frequency should be gradually increased after the water flow forms a stable circulation. In step 5, when collecting water samples through the stratified sampling system (5), a small amount of water needs to be discharged from the fixed stratified sampling port (5-1) to rinse the pipes, and the peristaltic sampling pump (5-2) extracts water samples at a low flow rate.

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