Hydroelectric generating set vibration area avoiding method considering complex limited operation area

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydroelectric generating set combination optimization scheduling, in particular to a hydroelectric generating set vibration area avoiding method considering a complex limited operation area. In order to solve the existing problems, the method comprises the following steps: collecting hydropower operation conditions, scheduling requirements and vibration area data through a system, and constructing a multi-dimensional vibration absorption effect evaluation index so as to quantify the output plan completion degree, limit the operation area staying risk and prohibit the operation area crossing frequency; on the basis, a mixed integer programming model with weighted index minimization as a target is established, and physical constraints such as water balance and reservoir capacity are fused. In the model solving stage, a convex subdivision algorithm is adopted to preprocess a non-convex vibration area, a gravity center method and convex combination constraint are combined to realize nonlinear problem linearization, and a graph theory technology is utilized to approximately evaluate a crossing behavior; the effectiveness of the model is verified by comparing different constraint strategies, and finally a scheduling plan is generated by means of an optimization solver.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydropower unit combination optimization scheduling technology, specifically a method for avoiding vibration zones in hydropower units considering complex and restricted operating areas. Background Technology

[0002] Because of the volatility and randomness of wind and solar power output, the matching method between power sources and loads has changed from the original "power source follows load" to "dynamic matching between power source and load," which places higher demands on the flexibility of hydropower regulation. The clearing method and price fluctuations in the electricity market also cause the output plan of hydropower stations to fluctuate in a sawtooth pattern, with large adjustments in a short period of time. This greatly increases the risk that the unit output will fall into the vibration zone, posing a great threat to the service life of the units and the safe and stable operation of the hydropower station.

[0003] Currently, the modeling of vibration zones in the optimized scheduling of hydropower units considering vibration zones is rather crude. It either completely prohibits operating within areas that might cause vibration, or it completely ignores areas that might cause minor vibrations. The former significantly reduces the operational range of the hydropower units, decreasing their adjustment flexibility and making it impossible to complete scheduling tasks smoothly when they are too extreme. The latter ignores areas that might cause minor vibrations, and when the unit's output is consistently operating within these areas, it will also affect the unit's service life and the safe and stable operation of the hydropower station. Therefore, the optimized scheduling of hydropower units considering vibration zones should not be too strict, setting the prohibited operating zone too large, nor should it be too lenient, completely ignoring areas that might cause minor vibrations. How to correctly model the areas that cause minor vibrations and formulate more reasonable vibration avoidance strategies for hydropower units is of great significance for the safe and stable operation of giant hydropower stations with complex vibration zones.

[0004] To address the above problems, this invention proposes a vibration zone avoidance method for hydropower units that considers complex restricted operating areas. The method was applied and tested using a power station in the lower reaches of the Jinsha River as an engineering background. The results show that the invention can effectively balance the safe and stable operation of hydropower units with scheduling flexibility, and meet the needs of giant hydropower stations to cope with extreme daily load scheduling plans. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for avoiding vibration zones in hydropower units that takes into account complex restricted areas, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for avoiding vibration zones in hydropower units considering complex confined areas, comprising the following steps:

[0007] A method for avoiding vibration zones in hydropower units considering complex confined areas includes the following steps: S1 collects initial calculation conditions, including hydropower operation conditions and constraints, power and water dispatch demand conditions, and relevant data on the vibration zones of each unit of the hydropower station; S2 constructs an evaluation index for vibration isolation in the complex vibration zone of a giant hydropower station. The evaluation index includes the absolute value of the total output and load deviation of all units at different time periods. The total number of times each unit enters the restricted operating area at different times, f_r; and the total number of times each unit crosses the prohibited operating area at different times, f_c. Based on the above vibration damping effect evaluation indicators, S3 constructs a system that minimizes... , , weighted sum A mixed-integer programming model with the objective of water balance, reservoir capacity, power generation flow, outflow, water level, power output, minimum start-up and shutdown time, unit power output equations, and constraints of prohibited operating zones are incorporated. S4 solves the above mixed-integer programming model. The solution process includes: S4.1 uses the HM algorithm to separate, preprocess, and perform optimal convex partitioning of non-convex prohibited and restricted operating regions, transforming them into a union of multiple convex partitioned blocks; S4.2 utilizes the centroid method and convex combination constraints to transform the nonlinear constraints of unit output into linear constraints, thereby realizing hard constraints in the prohibited operation zone and soft constraints in the restricted operation zone. S4.3 Based on graph theory, the convex partition set is transformed into a set of maximal groups. By judging whether the output points of adjacent time periods belong to the same maximal group, it is approximately determined whether the prohibited operation zone is crossed. S5 constructs an unconstrained model and a hard-constrained model in the restricted operating area as comparison models. By comparing and analyzing the above vibration damping effect evaluation indicators, the effectiveness of this model is verified. S6 uses a mixed-integer programming solver to solve the model after linearization in step S4 to obtain the hydropower scheduling plan.

[0008] In step S1 above, the hydropower operation conditions and constraints include water balance equation, reservoir capacity constraint, power generation flow constraint, outflow flow constraint, water level constraint, output constraint, minimum start-up and shutdown time constraint, unit output equation, and restricted operation zone constraint conditions.

[0009] In step S2 above, the absolute value of the deviation between total output and load. Defined as: ; Among them, auxiliary variables satisfy: ; ; In the formula: Indicates the scheduling period number; Indicates the total number of scheduling time slots; Indicates the hydroelectric generator unit number; This indicates the total number of hydropower units; It is an auxiliary variable set up to achieve linearization, representing the... The absolute value of the deviation between the total output of all units and the load during a given period; Indicates hydroelectric power unit exist Efforts during a specific time period; Indicates in The load during a specific time period, that is, the load of the hydropower station during [a specific time period]. The output plan that needs to be met during the time period In step S2 above, the total number of times each unit falls into the restricted operating area Defined as: ; in, It is a binary variable, defined as: ; In the formula: This represents the net head of the hydropower unit m during time period t; This represents the set of restricted operating areas.

[0010] In step S2 above, the total number of times each unit crosses the prohibited operating area Defined as: ; in, It is a binary variable, defined as: ; express Time period and The output during different time periods is visible to each other, meaning that the transition between the two does not require crossing prohibited operating zones. That would be exactly the opposite.

[0011] In step S3 above, the objective function of the mixed-integer programming model is: ; in , and These are the weighting coefficients.

[0012] In step S4.1 above, the specific expression for convex partitioning is: ; ; In the formula: express Unit safe operating area express No. A convex section is used for partitioning. express The total number; express Unit restricted operating area express No. A convex section is used for partitioning. express The total number.

[0013] In step S4.2 above, the specific expressions for the centroid method and convex combination constraints are as follows: ; And satisfy the following constraints: , ; , ; , ; In the formula: express The safe operating zone of the unit The first convex section One vertex; express The weights; express The safe operating zone of the unit The total number of vertices in a convex partition; It is a binary variable, and a value of 1 indicates... The unit's output fell into the safe operating zone. Each section is convexly segmented; express The first of the unit's restricted operating areas The first convex section One vertex; express The weights; express The first of the unit's restricted operating areas The total number of vertices in a convex partition; It is a binary variable, and a value of 1 indicates... The unit's output fell into the restricted operating area. Each section is divided into convex segments.

[0014] In step S4.3 above, the specific expression for the graph theory-based maximum group determination method is as follows: ; ; ; ; ; ; In the formula: Indicates the unit No. The set of maximal groups; Indicates the unit The maximum number of groups; It is a binary variable, representing Time-of-use units Is the output in the first Within the largest group; It is a binary variable, representing Time-of-use units Whether the effort leaves or falls into the first The largest group.

[0015] In step S6 above, the mixed integer programming solver is either Gurobi or CPLEX. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The scheduling accuracy is outstanding and can fully meet the load demand. The total output and load deviation in the scheduling results of this method is 0. Compared with the hard constraint model of restricted operation area (deviation 529.33MW), it can successfully complete the load scheduling plan for extreme days.

[0016] 2. Improved unit safety and significantly reduced vibration risk. The unit fell into the restricted operating area only twice, far fewer than the 52 times in the unconstrained model. At the same time, the number of times the unit crossed the prohibited operating area was controlled, reducing unit wear and tear.

[0017] 3. It balances safety and scheduling flexibility, addressing the pain points of traditional models that are "too strict and inflexible, too lenient and risky," and balancing the needs of safe unit operation and output regulation.

[0018] 4. The technical approach is reliable. By combining optimal convex partitioning, the centroid method and graph theory, nonlinear constraints are linearized and numerically stable, providing a practical vibration avoidance scheduling scheme for giant hydropower stations in complex vibration zones. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1A schematic diagram illustrating the output load matching-soft constraint implementation of a hydropower unit vibration zone avoidance method considering complex restricted operating zones, provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the output load matching-unconstrained implementation of a vibration zone avoidance method for hydropower units considering complex restricted operating zones provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of output load matching and hard constraint of operating range for an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the soft constraint implementation of a hydropower unit's output process in a restricted operating area, which is a method for avoiding vibration zones in a complex restricted operating area, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the unconstrained implementation of a hydropower unit output process in a restricted operating area, which is provided in an embodiment of the present invention, for a method to avoid vibration zones in a complex restricted operating area. Figure 6 A schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of hard constraints in the restricted operating area of ​​a hydropower unit's output process, which is a method for avoiding vibration zones in a complex restricted operating area, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 This is an overall flowchart of a method for avoiding vibration zones in hydropower units that considers complex and restricted operating areas, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The execution subject of the vibration zone avoidance method for hydropower units considering complex restricted areas in this embodiment is a terminal. The terminal can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, PDA, laptop or desktop computer, etc. Of course, it can also be other devices with similar functions. This embodiment does not limit it.

[0022] refer to Figures 1-6This invention discloses a vibration avoidance method for hydropower units considering complex restricted operating areas. It mainly includes: an evaluation index for the vibration avoidance effect in complex vibration areas of giant hydropower stations; a hydropower unit model considering precise and flexible vibration avoidance scheduling in restricted operating areas; and methods based on optimal convex partitioning and graph theory to transform the geometric constraints of restricted and prohibited operating areas into linear constraints, thereby transforming the above model into a mixed-integer linear programming model for solution. The precise and flexible vibration avoidance scheduling of giant hydropower stations considering restricted operating areas is completed according to the following steps: (1) Initial calculation conditions, including hydropower operation conditions and constraints, power and water dispatch demand conditions, and relevant data of vibration zones of each unit of the hydropower station; (2) The evaluation indicators for vibration isolation effect in the complex vibration zone of a giant hydropower station are as follows, among which, This represents the sum of the absolute values ​​of the total output of all units and the load deviation at different times. The higher the value, the lower the degree of completion of the output plan by the hydropower station. In the final calculation result, if the value is not 0, it means that the scheduling strategy used cannot meet the output plan under the condition that the unit output does not fall into the prohibited operation zone and meets other constraints. This indicates the total number of times each unit enters the restricted operating area at different times. The higher the value, the longer the unit stays in the restricted operating area, and the more likely it is to cause danger to the unit. This indicates the total number of times each unit crosses the prohibited operating area at different times. A high value indicates that the unit frequently crosses the prohibited operating area, which will also affect the safe and stable operation of the unit.

[0023] (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) In the formula: Indicates the scheduling period number; Indicates the total number of scheduling time slots; Indicates the hydroelectric generator unit number; This indicates the total number of hydropower units; It is an auxiliary variable set up to achieve linearization, representing the... The absolute value of the deviation between the total output of all units and the load during a given period; Indicates hydroelectric power unit exist Power output per time period, MW; Indicates in The load during a specific time period, that is, the load of the hydropower station during [a specific time period]. The output plan that needs to be met during the specified time period; Indicates hydroelectric power unit exist Whether the time period falls within the restricted operating area; Indicates hydroelectric power unit exist Did the vehicle cross a restricted area during the specified time period? Indicates hydroelectric power unit exist The amount of clean water generated during a given time period; Represents the set of restricted operating regions; express Time period and The output and head of water are visible to each other during different time periods, meaning that the transition between the two does not require crossing prohibited operating zones. That would be exactly the opposite.

[0024] (3) Based on the generated evaluation index of vibration isolation effect in the complex vibration zone of the giant hydropower station, a mixed integer programming model for vibration isolation scheduling of the giant hydropower station considering the restricted operation zone is constructed, which is the sum of the absolute values ​​of the total output and load deviation of all units in different time periods. The total number of times each unit enters the restricted operating area at different times Total number of times each unit crossed the prohibited operating area at different times The minimum value after weighted calculation is the objective. If the value is not 0, it means that the scheduling strategy used cannot complete the output plan if the unit output does not fall into the prohibited operation zone and meets other constraints, so it will be given a large weighting coefficient. The larger the value, the longer the unit's output will remain within the restricted operating area. Operating in the restricted operating area for an extended period can significantly impact the safe and stable operation of the unit. A larger value means the unit will frequently cross prohibited operating areas, increasing the likelihood of damage. The objective function is as follows: (8) The constraints are as follows: 1) Water balance equation: (9) (10) (11) In the formula: Indicates in The reservoir capacity during a given period, in m 3 ; , , and They represent in The reservoir's power generation flow, inflow, outflow, and discharge flow during the specified period. It is the generator flow rate of the unit, m 3 / s yes and The time interval between them, in seconds.

[0025] 2) Storage capacity constraints: (12) In the formula: This indicates the lower limit of the reservoir's capacity. This indicates the upper limit of the reservoir's capacity, in meters. 3 .

[0026] 3) Power generation flow constraints: (13) In the formula: Indicates the unit The lower limit of power generation flow rate, Indicates the unit The upper limit of power generation flow, m 3 / s.

[0027] 4) Outbound flow constraints: (14) In the formula: Indicates the unit The lower limit of power generation flow rate, Indicates the unit The upper limit of power generation flow, m 3 / s.

[0028] 5) Water level constraints: (15) In the formula: Indicates the lower limit of the reservoir's water level. This indicates the upper limit of the reservoir's water level, expressed in meters (m).

[0029] 6) Output constraints: (16) In the formula: Indicates the unit The lower limit of output, Indicates the unit The upper limit of output, MW; It is a binary variable; a value of 1 indicates that... Time-of-use units It is in running state; a value of 0 indicates that it is in operation. Time-of-use units It is currently powered off.

[0030] 7) Minimum start-stop time constraint: (17) (18) In the formula: It is a binary variable; a value of 1 indicates that... Time-of-use units Power on; It is a binary variable; a value of 1 indicates that... Time-of-use units Power off; and These represent the minimum start-up and shutdown times of the unit, in hours (h).

[0031] 8) Unit output equation: (19) In the formula: Indicates the head of purified water, in meters (m). This represents the functional relationship between the unit's output, net water head, and power generation flow rate.

[0032] Restricted operating area constraints: (20) In the formula: This indicates a restricted area.

[0033] (4) Model Solving The above models use sets to represent the restricted and prohibited operating areas. , The points represent geometric regions, not discrete points, and these regions may be non-convex, making the above model a nonlinear optimization problem that cannot be directly solved using a mixed-integer programming solver. This invention transforms it into a mixed-integer programming problem using the following method: 1) Convex subdivision is performed on non-convex regions. Convex subdivision refers to dividing a non-convex polygon into a union of multiple convex polygons. Before convex subdivision, preprocessing of separation and hole removal is performed. Separation means that if there are multiple unconnected subregions in the non-convex region, these subregions are separated and convex subdivision is performed on each of them. Hole removal means that if there are holes inside the non-convex region, the vertices of the holes are gradually connected to the external vertices of the non-convex region until all holes are eliminated. In order to reduce the number of variables in the model, the number of polygons generated by convex subdivision should be as small as possible. The convex subdivision that generates the fewest number of polygons is called the optimal convex subdivision. Therefore, we use the HM algorithm to implement the convex subdivision of non-convex regions. This algorithm can generally obtain the optimal convex subdivision.

[0034] ; ; In the formula: express Unit safe operating area express No. A convex section is used for partitioning. express The total number; express Unit restricted operating area express No. A convex section is used for partitioning. express The total number.

[0035] 2) After obtaining the convex partitioning of the safe operating area and the restricted operating area, we use the centroid method and convex combination constraints to realize the hard constraints of the prohibited operating area and the soft constraints of the restricted operating area.

[0036] ; ; ; ; ; ; ; In the formula: express The safe operating zone of the unit The first convex section One vertex; express The weights; express The safe operating zone of the unit The total number of vertices in a convex partition; It is a binary variable, and a value of 1 indicates... The unit's output fell into the safe operating zone. Each section is convexly segmented; express The first of the unit's restricted operating areas The first convex section One vertex; express The weights; express The first of the unit's restricted operating areas The total number of vertices in a convex partition; It is a binary variable, and a value of 1 indicates... The unit's output fell into the restricted operating area. Each section is divided into convex segments.

[0037] Using the methods described above, we successfully constrained the power output within the safe operating range or the restricted operating range, and obtained the representation... Time period Whether the unit falls into the restricted operating area is a state variable. This effectively penalized those whose output fell into the restricted operating area.

[0038] 3) Based on graph theory, the set of restricted operating regions and safe convex partitions is transformed into a set of maximal groups, and then the determination is made by... Efforts during the period and Whether the output during a given time period falls on a convex segment that belongs to the same maximum group is used to approximate whether it crosses a prohibited operating zone.

[0039] ; ; ; ; ; ; In the formula: Indicates the unit No. The set of maximal groups; Indicates the unit The maximum number of groups; It is a binary variable, representing Time-of-use units Is the output in the first Within the largest group, the specific calculation is the same as in 2), using convex partitioning and centroid method, which will not be repeated here; It is a binary variable, representing Time-of-use units Whether the effort leaves or falls into the first The largest group.

[0040] (5) To verify the effectiveness of the model, this invention additionally created two vibration damping scheduling models: a model with no constraints in the restricted operating area and a model with hard constraints in the restricted operating area (equivalent to merging the restricted operating area into the prohibited operating area and merging the restricted operating area into the prohibited operating area, respectively; the model creation ideas are similar and will not be described in detail). Through the analysis of the results of the three models, the effectiveness of the mixed integer programming model for vibration damping scheduling of giant hydropower stations considering the restricted operating area and the evaluation index of vibration damping effect in the complex vibration zone of giant hydropower stations proposed in this invention are verified.

[0041] (6) After completing the above model modeling, the model can be solved using a mixed integer programming solver (such as Gurobi or CPLEX) to obtain the hydropower scheduling plan.

[0042] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, further illustrates this embodiment.

[0043] Using a hydropower station on the lower reaches of the Jinsha River as an engineering example, the model and method proposed in this invention are tested. Using the scheduling cycle from 00:00 to 24:00 on January 2, 2023, data on the prohibited and restricted operating zones of each level of generating units at the hydropower station are collected, and the scheduling plan of the hydropower station is optimized.

[0044] (1) First, the safe operating area and restricted operating area of ​​each unit of the hydropower station are separated and the hole is removed. Then, the HM algorithm is used to transform the safe operating area and restricted operating area into the union of convex partition blocks.

[0045] (2) Based on the preprocessing of the safe operation zone and the restricted operation zone, and the obtaining of the convex partitioned block union of the two, the following steps are used to completely transform the flexible scheduling problem of the giant hydropower station with complex vibration zone into a mixed integer programming problem: Step 1: Use the centroid method to linearize and construct the constraints that the force must satisfy when it falls into a certain convex section of the safe operating area or restricted operating area.

[0046] ; ; ; Step 2: Use convex combination constraints to ensure that the output force falls on a certain convex segment of the safe operating area or the restricted operating area, thereby realizing the restricted operating area constraint.

[0047] ; ; Step 3: Based on graph theory, transform the set of restricted and safe convex partitions into a set of maximal groups, and then determine the optimal group based on the given conditions. Efforts during the period and Whether the output during a given time period falls on a convex segment that belongs to the same maximum group is used to approximate whether it crosses a prohibited operating zone.

[0048] ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Step 4: In implementing the prohibited region constraints, we obtained the representation in Time-of-use units Has it fallen into the restricted operating zone? Binary variables for block convex partitioning This allows us to obtain the total number of times the output of all units falls into the restricted operating area during each time period. This is used as a penalty function added to the objective function, thereby achieving soft constraints on the restricted operating region.

[0049] ; ; ; ; ; ; (3) Referring to Table 1, to verify the effectiveness of the model, this invention additionally created two vibration isolation scheduling models: a model with no constraints in the restricted operating area and a model with hard constraints in the restricted operating area (equivalent to merging the restricted operating area into the prohibited operating area and merging the restricted operating area into the prohibited operating area, respectively; the model creation ideas are similar and will not be described in detail). Through the analysis of the results of the three models, the effectiveness of the hybrid integer programming model for vibration isolation scheduling of giant hydropower stations considering the restricted operating area and the evaluation index of vibration isolation effect in complex vibration areas of giant hydropower stations proposed in this invention are verified. The sum of the absolute values ​​of the total output and load deviation of all units in different constraint models at different time periods, the total number of times each unit enters the restricted operating area at different time periods, and the total number of times each unit crosses the prohibited operating area at different time periods are shown in Table 1. The specific situation of output-load matching and unit output process is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown. When the restricted operating area constraint is a soft constraint, the sum of the absolute values ​​of the total output and load deviation of all units in different time periods is 0, the total number of times each unit enters the restricted operating area in different time periods is 2, and the total number of times the unit crosses the prohibited operating area in different time periods is 8. Combination Figure 1 , Figure 4 This indicates that when the restricted operating area constraint is a soft constraint, the daily load dispatch plan can be successfully completed, reducing the number of times the unit operates within the restricted operating area and crosses the prohibited operating area. When there is no constraint on the restricted operating area, the sum of the absolute values ​​of the total output and load deviation of all units at different times is 0, the total number of times each unit enters the restricted operating area at different times is 52, and the total number of times the unit crosses the prohibited operating area at different times is 6. Combination Figure 2 , Figure 5 This indicates that when the restricted operating area constraint is a soft constraint, the daily load dispatch plan can be successfully completed, reducing the number of times the restricted operating area is crossed. However, it will frequently fall into the restricted operating area, threatening the safe and stable operation of the hydropower station. When the restricted operating area constraint is a hard constraint, the sum of the absolute values ​​of the total output and load deviation of all units at different times is 529.33MW. The total number of times each unit enters the restricted operating area at different times is 0, and the total number of times the unit crosses the restricted operating area at different times is 8. Combination Figure 1 , Figure 4 This indicates that when the restricted operating area constraint is a hard constraint, although falling into the restricted operating area can be completely avoided and the number of times the prohibited operating area is crossed can be reduced, it may prevent the smooth completion of the daily load dispatch plan and result in a loss of the dispatch flexibility that hydropower units should have. In summary, the hydropower unit vibration zone avoidance method considering complex restricted operating areas proposed in this invention can minimize the risk of output falling into the restricted operating area while maintaining the dispatch flexibility of the hydropower unit. This invention provides a new technical path for flexible vibration avoidance dispatch of giant hydropower stations with complex vibration zones.

[0050] Table 1. Components of the objective function for models with different constraints

[0051] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the modules and method steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0052] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the devices, equipment, and modules described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0053] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple modules or units may be combined or integrated into another device, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or equipment, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0054] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0055] In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing module, or each module can exist physically separately, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.

[0056] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program instructions, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only storage servers, random access storage servers, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0057] Furthermore, it should be noted that the combination of the various technical features in this case is not limited to the combination methods described in the claims of this case or the combination methods described in the specific embodiments. All technical features described in this case can be freely combined or combined in any way, unless they contradict each other.

[0058] It should be noted that the above examples are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is obviously not limited to the above embodiments, with many similar variations. All modifications that can be directly derived or conceived by those skilled in the art from the content disclosed in this invention should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

[0059] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for avoiding vibration zones in hydropower units considering complex confined areas, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1 collects initial calculation conditions, including hydropower operation conditions and constraints, power and water dispatch demand conditions, and relevant data on the vibration zones of each unit of the hydropower station; S2 constructs an evaluation index for vibration isolation effect in the complex vibration zone of a giant hydropower station. The evaluation index includes the absolute value of the total output and load deviation of all units at different time periods. The total number of times each unit enters the restricted operating area at different time periods And the total number of times each unit crossed the prohibited operating area at different times. ; S3, based on the aforementioned vibration damping effect evaluation index, constructs a system that minimizes... , , weighted sum A mixed-integer programming model with the objective of water balance, reservoir capacity, power generation flow, outflow, water level, power output, minimum start-up and shutdown time, unit power output equations, and constraints of prohibited operating zones are incorporated. S4 solves the mixed integer programming model, and the solution process includes: S4.1 uses the HM algorithm to separate, preprocess, and perform optimal convex partitioning of non-convex prohibited and restricted operating regions, transforming them into a union of multiple convex partitioned blocks; S4.2 utilizes the centroid method and convex combination constraints to transform the nonlinear constraints of unit output into linear constraints, thereby realizing hard constraints in the prohibited operation zone and soft constraints in the restricted operation zone. S4.3 Based on graph theory, the convex partition set is transformed into a set of maximal groups. By judging whether the output points of adjacent time periods belong to the same maximal group, it is approximately determined whether the prohibited operation zone is crossed. S5 constructs an unconstrained model and a hard-constrained model in the restricted operating area as comparison models. The effectiveness of this model is verified by comparing and analyzing the vibration damping effect evaluation index. S6 uses a mixed-integer programming solver to solve the model after linearization in step S4 to obtain the hydropower scheduling plan.

2. The method for avoiding vibration zones in hydropower units considering complex restricted areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the hydropower operation conditions and constraints include water balance equations, reservoir capacity constraints, power generation flow constraints, outflow flow constraints, water level constraints, power output constraints, minimum start-up and shutdown time constraints, unit power output equations, and restricted operation zone constraints.

3. The method for avoiding vibration zones in hydropower units considering complex restricted areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the absolute value of the total output versus the load deviation. Defined as: ； Among them, auxiliary variables satisfy: ； ； In the formula: Indicates the scheduling period number; Indicates the total number of scheduling time slots; Indicates the hydroelectric generator unit number; This indicates the total number of hydropower units; It is an auxiliary variable set up to achieve linearization, representing the... The absolute value of the deviation between the total output of all units and the load during a given period; Indicates hydroelectric power unit exist Efforts during a specific time period; Indicates in The load during a specific time period, that is, the load of the hydropower station during [a specific time period]. The output plan that needs to be met during the time period.

4. The method for avoiding vibration zones in hydropower units considering complex restricted areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the total number of times each unit falls into the restricted operating area Defined as: ； in, It is a binary variable, defined as: ； In the formula: This represents the net head of the hydropower unit m during time period t; This represents the set of restricted operating areas.

5. The method for avoiding vibration zones in hydropower units considering complex restricted areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the total number of times each unit crosses the prohibited operating area Defined as: ； in, It is a binary variable, defined as: ； express Time period and The output during different time periods is visible to each other, meaning that the transition between the two does not require crossing prohibited operating zones. That would be exactly the opposite.

6. The method for avoiding vibration zones in hydropower units considering complex restricted areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the objective function of the mixed integer programming model is: ； in , and These are the weighting coefficients.

7. The method for avoiding vibration zones in hydropower units considering complex restricted areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4.1, the specific expression for convex partitioning is: ； ； In the formula: express Unit safe operating area express No. A convex section is used for partitioning. express The total number; express Unit restricted operating area express No. A convex section is used for partitioning. express The total number.

8. The method for avoiding vibration zones in hydropower units considering complex restricted areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4.2, the specific expressions for the centroid method and convex combination constraints are as follows: ； And satisfy the following constraints: ， ； ， ； ， ； In the formula: express The safe operating zone of the unit The first convex section One vertex; express The weights; express The safe operating zone of the unit The total number of vertices in a convex partition; It is a binary variable, and a value of 1 indicates... The unit's output fell into the safe operating zone. Each section is convexly segmented; express The first of the unit's restricted operating areas The first convex section One vertex; express The weights; express The first of the unit's restricted operating areas The total number of vertices in a convex partition; It is a binary variable, and a value of 1 indicates... The unit's output fell into the restricted operating area. Each section is divided into convex segments.

9. A method for avoiding vibration zones in hydropower units considering complex restricted areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4.3, the specific expression for the graph theory-based maximum group determination method is as follows: ； ； ； ； ； ； In the formula: Indicates the unit No. The set of maximal groups; Indicates the unit The maximum number of groups; It is a binary variable, representing Time-of-use units Is the output in the first Within the largest group; It is a binary variable, representing Time-of-use units Whether the effort leaves or falls into the first The largest group.

10. A method for avoiding vibration zones in hydropower units considering complex restricted areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the mixed integer programming solver is either Gurobi or CPLEX.

Images