Household energy management system and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy, in particular to a household energy management system and an operation method thereof, and the system comprises a photovoltaic module, a mains supply, an inverter, an energy storage battery, a heat pump, an energy storage water tank, a charging pile, a household electrical appliance terminal, a central controller, a mobile APP and a cloud platform. The central controller controls the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic module to be used preferentially, the dependence on the mains supply is reduced, the redundant electric energy is stored in the energy storage battery, energy is released when the power generation of the photovoltaic module is insufficient, the preferential use of the power generation of the photovoltaic module is fully ensured, and the utilization of light energy is maximized. A user uses a mobile APP to cooperate with the central controller through the cloud platform, so that the household energy equipment can be monitored and managed anytime and anywhere, the operation state of the equipment is efficiently adapted and accurately controlled, remote signal interaction is realized, and an intelligent energy-saving target is more fully realized. The central controller effectively and dynamically adjusts power distribution among the devices, and the purpose of utilizing photovoltaic power generation to the maximum is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy technology, specifically to a home energy management system and its operation method. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing global focus on environmental protection and sustainable development, home energy management systems have emerged. They aim to optimize home energy use, reduce reliance on traditional fossil fuels, and increase the utilization rate of renewable energy sources such as solar power.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese invention patent CN119727591A, authorized on March 28, 2025, which discloses a novel multi-energy coupled combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system and its control method. The system includes photovoltaic modules, mains power, energy storage batteries, an inverter, a charging pile, a heat pump, an energy storage tank, and a central controller. This invention combines multiple new energy technologies such as photovoltaic power generation, heat pump cooling / heating, water tank + battery energy storage, and surplus solar power charging. By judging the output power of the photovoltaic modules, the start / stop status of the heat pump compressor, the energy storage battery charge, and the energy of the energy storage tank, it regulates the frequency of the heat pump compressor, the return water temperature, and the charging power of the charging pile, significantly improving the system's economic efficiency and photovoltaic absorption rate while ensuring system stability. The development of smart grids has spurred the research and development of home energy management systems. While the existing technologies mentioned above enable switching between photovoltaic modules and grid power, and timely energy storage for use when needed, significantly improving economic efficiency and photovoltaic absorption rate, with economic development, smart grids, in order to meet the two-way interaction between users and the grid, cannot achieve real-time monitoring and optimized scheduling of home energy, thus failing to meet the needs of smart grids and cannot optimize the scheduling of priority energy use and storage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a home energy management system and its operation method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. This invention has the advantages of improving economic efficiency and photovoltaic absorption rate, realizing interactive feedback control between users and energy networks through wireless communication technology, achieving real-time monitoring and optimized scheduling of home energy, and making fuller use of photovoltaic power.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a home energy management system, characterized in that it includes photovoltaic modules, mains power, inverter, energy storage battery, heat pump, energy storage water tank, charging pile, home appliance terminal, central controller, cloud platform and mobile APP; The photovoltaic modules and mains power are electrically connected to the energy storage battery, heat pump, charging pile, and home appliance terminals respectively through the inverter; The central controller is wirelessly connected to the inverter, energy storage battery, heat pump, energy storage water tank, and charging pile, respectively. The central controller and the mobile app interact via a cloud platform. The central controller performs local control of each device in the system, while the mobile app remotely controls each device by communicating with the central controller.

[0006] The central controller includes an energy storage priority control module, an energy consumption priority control module, a user habit learning module, a climate compensation module, and a peak shaving and valley filling dynamic response module.

[0007] Preferably, the mobile app receives and visualizes the operating parameters of each device and system operating data. The mobile app transmits user-triggered device control commands to the central controller, which then transmits these commands to the inverter, energy storage battery, heat pump, energy storage tank, charging pile, and home appliance terminals. The mobile app also includes an alarm event handling interface, allowing users to confirm and process alarm information.

[0008] Preferably, the central controller collects data from the inverter, energy storage battery, heat pump, energy storage tank, charging pile, and home appliance terminals to calculate energy generation, storage, and consumption data. The central controller also includes a logic judgment module and an instruction issuing module. The central controller collects data and uses the logic judgment module and instruction issuing module to dynamically adjust the power distribution among the devices in the home energy system to maximize the utilization of photovoltaic power generation.

[0009] A method for operating a home energy management system, wherein the energy storage priority control module controls the energy storage battery and energy storage water tank through a central controller to achieve system energy storage priority control; The central controller collects data including photovoltaic power generation P, operating power P of each device, SOC value of energy storage battery and energy storage tank. The photovoltaic power generation P is compared with the operating power P of each device to determine whether the photovoltaic module generates a surplus. If the photovoltaic power generation P is greater than or equal to the operating power P of each device, then the photovoltaic module's power generation is in surplus. Continue to determine whether the energy storage tank has reached its full capacity; When the energy storage reaches full capacity, the heat pump stops running. Then, it checks whether the energy storage battery has reached full capacity. If the energy storage battery's SOC value has reached full capacity, the energy storage battery stops charging. If the energy storage battery's SOC value has not reached full capacity, the energy storage battery continues to charge until it is fully charged.

[0010] When the energy storage is not fully stored, the heat pump continues to run until the energy storage tank is fully stored. Then, it checks whether the energy storage battery is fully stored. If the energy storage battery's SOC value is fully charged, the energy storage battery stops charging. If the energy storage battery's SOC value is not fully charged, the energy storage battery continues to charge until it is fully charged. If the photovoltaic power generation P is less than the operating power P of each device, then the photovoltaic module's power generation is in a non-surplus state; the energy storage tank does not store energy, and the energy storage battery does not charge.

[0011] Preferably, the energy priority control module controls the start and stop of the heat pump, charging pile and home appliance terminals through the central controller to achieve system energy priority control; The central controller collects data including photovoltaic power generation P, heat pump and household appliance power P, charging pile charging power P, and minimum charging pile charging power P'. It compares the difference between photovoltaic power generation P and heat pump and household appliance power P with the minimum charging pile charging power P', and dynamically adjusts the charging pile charging power P according to the comparison result. When the photovoltaic power generation P is greater than or equal to the power of household appliances P, the electrical energy of the photovoltaic modules is given priority to the heat pump and the terminal energy consumption of household appliances. Then, the difference between the photovoltaic power generation P and the power of the heat pump and household appliances P is compared with the minimum charging power P' of the charging pile. If the difference between the photovoltaic power generation P and the power of the heat pump and household appliances P is greater than the minimum charging power P' of the charging pile, the charging power P of the charging pile will be dynamically adjusted to be equal to the difference between the photovoltaic power generation P and the power of the heat pump and household appliances P, so as to absorb the surplus power generated by the photovoltaic module. If the difference between the photovoltaic power generation P and the power of the heat pump and household appliances P is less than the minimum charging power P' of the charging pile, the photovoltaic power generation will only supply energy to the heat pump and household appliances. When the photovoltaic power generation P is less than the heat pump and household appliance power P, the photovoltaic power generation and the mains power supply the heat pump and household appliance terminal energy at the same time.

[0012] Preferably, the user habit learning module is pre-programmed with a habit learning algorithm. The habit learning program obtains historical data on the user's usage time and operating power of loads such as heat pumps and charging piles, and generates personalized operating parameter adjustment modes through the habit learning algorithm to automatically optimize the start-up and shutdown time and operating power of each device to adapt to the user's lifestyle.

[0013] Preferably, the climate compensation module has a preset climate compensation algorithm, and the central controller has an API interface to obtain climate data, including ambient temperature, ambient humidity, light intensity, etc. The central controller adjusts the charging and discharging mode of the energy storage battery and the energy storage mode of the energy storage tank through the climate data and the climate compensation algorithm. The climate compensation module automatically adjusts the operation strategy of heating and cooling modes in different seasons according to the climate compensation algorithm. Heating mode: During the heating season, if poor sunshine or low temperature is predicted in the next few days, the heat storage of the energy storage tank and the power storage of the energy storage battery will be increased in order to cope with the low temperature in the next few days; if sufficient sunshine or high temperature is predicted in the next few days, the heat of the energy storage tank and the power of the energy storage battery will be released in advance to accept the surplus photovoltaic power. Cooling mode: During the cooling season, if poor sunlight or high temperature is predicted in the next few days, the cooling capacity of the energy storage tank and the energy storage capacity of the energy storage battery will be increased first; if sufficient sunlight or low temperature is predicted in the next few days, the cooling capacity of the energy storage tank and the energy storage capacity of the energy storage battery will be released in advance to accept the surplus photovoltaic power.

[0014] Preferably, the peak shaving and valley filling dynamic response module has a preset dynamic peak shaving and valley filling algorithm, and the central controller has an API interface to obtain dynamic electricity price information for each time period of the next day. The central controller uses the electricity price information and the dynamic peak shaving and valley filling algorithm to adjust the charging and discharging mode of the energy storage battery in real time to achieve the purpose of dynamic peak shaving and valley filling and maximize user profits.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the system includes photovoltaic modules, mains power, inverter, energy storage battery, heat pump, energy storage water tank, charging pile, home appliance terminal, central controller, mobile APP and cloud platform; 1. The central controller prioritizes the use of electricity generated by the photovoltaic modules, reducing reliance on mains power. Excess energy is stored in energy storage batteries and released when the photovoltaic modules are underpowered, ensuring the priority use of photovoltaic power and maximizing the utilization of solar energy. Users can issue commands via a mobile app to work with the central processor, enabling them to monitor and manage home energy devices anytime, anywhere. This allows for efficient adaptation and precise control of device operation, enabling remote signal interaction and further achieving intelligent energy-saving goals.

[0016] 2. Operation Method of the Home Energy Management System: Using a home energy management system, the central controller collects data from photovoltaic modules, inverters, energy storage batteries, heat pumps, energy storage tanks, charging piles, and household appliance terminals. By calculating energy generation and consumption data, the control program controls the operating modes of each device in the system, dynamically adjusting the power distribution among them to maximize the utilization of photovoltaic power. The central controller effectively and dynamically adjusts the power distribution among the devices, meeting energy needs while avoiding unnecessary energy waste.

[0017] 3. The mobile app receives and visualizes the operating parameters of each device and system status data. Users can personalize settings according to their lifestyle and needs through the mobile app. The mobile app works with the central controller to dynamically adjust the power distribution among devices, optimizing energy utilization. The mobile app handles alarms and false alarms, promptly addressing faults and improving system reliability and stability.

[0018] 4. The central controller prioritizes the energy storage battery, heat pump, and energy storage tank to achieve system energy storage; it flexibly adjusts the operating mode according to the user's actual needs and changes in environmental conditions, and ensures that photovoltaic power can be reasonably allocated under any circumstances by judging the energy stored in the energy storage tank and the SOC value of the energy storage battery step by step.

[0019] 5. Both the energy storage tank and the energy storage battery are equipped with a climate compensation module, which can reasonably arrange the working mode of the energy storage equipment according to the actual climate conditions, avoid charging, discharging or storing energy during unnecessary periods, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0020] 6. The central controller also features a user habit learning module, eliminating the need for frequent manual adjustments to equipment operating parameters. The system automatically optimizes, providing a more convenient user experience. Furthermore, the system automatically adapts to changes in the user's lifestyle. It precisely starts and stops equipment during use, ensuring efficient operation, and reduces power consumption when not needed. This reduces equipment wear and tear caused by over- or inefficient operation, extends equipment lifespan, and lowers maintenance costs.

[0021] 7. The system adapts to heating and cooling modes according to different seasons, ensuring maximum utilization of photovoltaic power and reducing dependence on grid electricity. The system dynamically adjusts the energy storage mode based on real-time sunlight and temperature conditions, ensuring the energy storage equipment always operates in optimal condition and further improving energy efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system framework of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the priority control process for system energy storage in this invention. Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the priority control process for system energy consumption according to the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Energy storage battery; 2. Inverter; 3. Photovoltaic module; 4. Mains power; 5. Central controller; 6. Mobile APP; 7. Home appliance terminal; 8. Charging pile; 9. Heat pump; 10. Energy storage water tank; 11. Cloud platform. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1 Please see the appendix Figure 1 A home energy management system includes photovoltaic modules 3, mains power 4, inverter 2, energy storage battery 1, heat pump 9, energy storage water tank 10, charging pile 8, home appliance terminal 7, central controller 5, mobile APP 6 and cloud platform 11, which together constitute a monitorable, controllable and optimizable closed-loop energy network. The photovoltaic module 3 serves as a clean energy power generation unit, and the mains power 4 serves as a backup and supplementary energy source. Both are connected to the inverter 2 for power conversion and management. The power output from the inverter is uniformly distributed to power the heat pump 9, charging pile 8, and various household appliance terminals 7. The central controller 5 establishes real-time, two-way wireless signal communication connections with the inverter 2, heat pump 9, energy storage tank 10, charging pile 8, and energy storage battery 1 through its built-in wireless communication protocol.

[0026] The central controller 5 and the mobile APP 6 communicate continuously via the cloud platform 11, which is the basis for realizing the combination of local automated control of system equipment and remote manual intervention by users.

[0027] The operation method of the home energy management system involves using a home energy management system in which the inverter 2, energy storage battery 1, heat pump 9, energy storage tank 10, charging pile 8, and home appliance terminal 7 are all equipped with wireless communication modules. The wireless communication modules are connected to the central controller for data transmission via wireless communication. The central controller 5 collects data from the photovoltaic module 3, inverter 2, energy storage battery 1, heat pump 9, energy storage tank 10, charging pile 8, and home appliance terminal 7, calculates energy generation and consumption data, and controls the operating mode of each device in the system through a control program. Mobile APP 6 receives data interaction communication with the central controller 5 based on cloud platform 11 via wireless communication to realize remote control of the operation of various devices; The mobile APP 6 receives and visualizes the operating parameters of each device and system operating data. The mobile APP 6 transmits user-triggered device control commands to the central controller, which then transmits the signals to the inverter 2, energy storage battery 1, heat pump 9, energy storage water tank 10, charging pile 8, and home appliance terminal 7. The mobile APP 6 has an alarm event handling interface that supports user confirmation and processing of alarm information.

[0028] The central controller 5 also includes a logic judgment module and an instruction issuing module. The central controller collects data and uses the logic judgment module and instruction issuing module to dynamically adjust the power distribution among the devices in the home energy system to maximize the use of photovoltaic power generation.

[0029] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1, the central controller 5 further integrates a user habit learning module; this module pre-sets a habit learning program based on machine learning algorithms. During system operation, this program continuously and silently acquires and analyzes historical data on the user's usage behavior of schedulable loads such as heat pumps and charging piles, including but not limited to daily or weekly start-up times, runtime, set power or temperature preferences, etc.

[0030] By learning from and analyzing this historical data, the habit learning algorithm gradually identifies and summarizes users' unique and stable energy usage patterns. Based on this, the algorithm automatically generates a personalized set of operating parameter adjustment modes. For example, the system can learn that users typically need a large amount of domestic hot water between 6:00 PM and 8:00 PM, and start the heat pump in advance to store heat in the water tank when there is sufficient sunlight in the afternoon; or it can learn that users' vehicles are usually parked at home in the afternoon, thus automatically optimizing the charging plan to the afternoon when there is a greater surplus of photovoltaic power generation. Through this adaptive optimization, the system can automatically adjust the start-up and shutdown times and operating power of relevant equipment, making the automated control strategy highly compatible with users' daily life habits, achieving more refined energy saving while ensuring comfort and convenience.

[0031] Example 3 Please see the appendix Figure 2 The central controller controls the energy storage battery 1, the heat pump, and the energy storage water tank with priority control to realize system energy storage; The central controller collects data including photovoltaic power generation P1, operating power of each device P2, SOC value of energy storage battery and energy storage tank; The photovoltaic power generation P1 is compared with the operating power P2 of each device to determine whether the photovoltaic module generates a surplus. If the photovoltaic power generation P1 is greater than or equal to the operating power P2 of each device, then the photovoltaic module's power generation is in surplus. Continue to determine whether the energy storage tank has reached its full capacity; After confirming the surplus of photovoltaic power generation, the system performs the first-level energy storage judgment: checking whether the energy storage tank 10 has reached the preset "full" state, such as when the water temperature reaches the set upper or lower limit. When it is detected that the energy storage has reached the full state, the system will immediately control the heat pump 9 to stop running to avoid energy waste.

[0032] Subsequently, the system enters the second stage of energy storage judgment: after the heat pump stops operating, it determines whether energy storage battery 1 has reached a full state. If the SOC value of the energy storage battery is detected to be fully charged, the system controls the energy storage battery to stop charging. At this time, the surplus photovoltaic power can be considered for grid connection or limited by the inverter. If the SOC value of the energy storage battery is detected to be not fully charged, the system directs all surplus photovoltaic power to energy storage battery 1 to charge it until its SOC value reaches a full state. This logic ensures that after the heat / cold storage capacity is saturated, the remaining power is effectively stored in the battery.

[0033] Example 4 Please see the appendix Figure 2 Unlike Example 3, when the energy storage is not fully stored, the heat pump continues to run until the energy storage tank 10 is fully stored. Then, it is determined whether the energy storage battery is fully stored. If the SOC value of the energy storage battery is fully charged, the energy storage battery stops charging. If the SOC value of the energy storage battery is not fully charged, the energy storage battery is charged until it is fully charged.

[0034] After the energy storage tank is full, the control logic is completely consistent with the subsequent steps of Example 3: the heat pump stops running, and the system then judges the state of energy storage battery 1. If the SOC value of the energy storage battery reaches the fully charged state, charging stops; if it does not reach the fully charged state, charging of the energy storage battery is started until it is fully charged. This process clarifies that when there is a surplus in photovoltaic power generation, the system's energy storage order is to prioritize storing heat / cold in the water tank, and then store electricity in the battery, thereby making full use of the fact that thermal energy storage is often cheaper and more efficient than electrical energy storage.

[0035] Example 5 When the central controller 5 determines, by comparing data, that the photovoltaic power generation P1 is less than the current operating power P2 of each device, it is determined that the photovoltaic module power generation is in a non-surplus state.

[0036] In this scenario, the system first ensures that all available photovoltaic power is used to supply the currently operating load. Simultaneously, to preserve stored energy for use during nighttime or rainy days, and to avoid purchasing electricity from the grid for charging, the system will immediately execute a forced shutdown of energy storage battery 1. At this time, the system's power shortage will be supplemented by the discharge of the energy storage battery or by direct grid power input 4, depending on the economic dispatch strategy formulated by the central controller based on factors such as electricity price and battery SOC. The core of this strategy is to treat photovoltaic power as a valuable supplementary power source, rather than competing with it for electricity when it is insufficient.

[0037] Example 6 The heat pump 9, as a highly efficient energy conversion device, operates according to seasonal demand: in winter, it converts electrical energy into heat energy; in summer, it converts it into cooling energy. This generated heat and cooling energy is not used directly, but is preferentially transported and stored in the energy storage tank 10, forming a stable reserve of heat and cooling energy. Subsequently, when needed, the energy storage tank 10 releases the stored heat and cooling energy through circulation pipelines to supply household appliances 7, such as underfloor heating and fan coil units, to achieve heating or cooling. This improves the flexibility and stability of system regulation.

[0038] To further enhance the system's environmental adaptability, climate compensation modules are integrated into the control units of both the energy storage tank 10 and the energy storage battery 1. These modules contain pre-installed control programs with climate compensation algorithms. Simultaneously, the central controller 5 is equipped with a standard API interface, enabling it to access meteorological service data via the internet. Through this interface, the system can periodically acquire future climate data, such as precise forecasts of ambient temperature, humidity, and light intensity.

[0039] The climate compensation program intelligently adjusts energy storage strategies based on this forward-looking climate data. For example, if cloudy, rainy, and cold weather is predicted for tomorrow, the program will instruct the system to more actively store heat and conserve battery power during today's abundant solar power. Conversely, if sunny and hot weather is predicted for tomorrow, the program may appropriately use some of the stored energy today to free up sufficient storage space for absorbing a large amount of surplus solar power the following day. This makes the system's charging, discharging, and energy storage modes no longer fixed but dynamically optimized according to weather changes, significantly improving long-term energy efficiency.

[0040] Example 7 Please see the appendix Figure 3 The central controller 5 controls the start and stop of the heat pump 9, the charging pile 8, and the home appliance terminal 7 to achieve priority control of system energy consumption; The central controller 5 collects data, including photovoltaic power generation P1, heat pump and household appliance power P3, charging pile charging power P4, and charging pile minimum charging power P4'. It compares the difference between photovoltaic power generation P1 and heat pump and household appliance power P3 with the charging pile minimum charging power P4', and dynamically adjusts the charging pile charging power P4 according to the comparison result. When the photovoltaic power generation power P1 is greater than or equal to the household appliance power P3, the electrical energy of the photovoltaic module is given priority to the heat pump and the terminal energy consumption of household appliances. Then compare the difference between the photovoltaic power generation power P1 and the power of the heat pump and household appliances P3 with the minimum charging power P4' of the charging pile; If the difference between the photovoltaic power generation power P1 and the power of the heat pump and household appliances P3 is greater than the minimum charging power P4' of the charging pile, the charging power P4 of the charging pile will be dynamically adjusted to be equal to the difference between the photovoltaic power generation power P1 and the power of the heat pump and household appliances P3, so as to absorb the surplus power generated by the photovoltaic modules and avoid the power being uploaded to the grid or wasted.

[0041] Example 8 Please see the appendix Figure 3 Unlike Example 7, if the difference between the photovoltaic power generation power P1 and the power of the heat pump and household appliances P3 is less than the minimum charging power P4' of the charging pile, the photovoltaic power generation supplies energy to the heat pump 9 and the household appliance terminal 7. In this scenario, the system's control principle is that photovoltaic power is primarily and entirely used to supply heat pump 9 and household appliance terminals 7, ensuring basic power supply. For charging piles, the system dynamically adjusts the actual charging power P4 of the charging pile downwards based on the real-time calculated photovoltaic surplus power, ensuring it does not exceed this surplus power. This means the charging process will be entirely driven by real-time photovoltaic power generation, but the charging speed will fluctuate with changes in sunlight. If the user needs faster charging, the system can prompt whether to switch to "grid charging" mode. This mode ensures that during photovoltaic power supply periods, the system never draws power from the grid to charge the vehicle, achieving true "green charging."

[0042] Example 9 Please see the appendix Figure 3 Unlike Example 7, when the photovoltaic power generation P1 is less than the heat pump and household appliance power P3, the photovoltaic power generation and the mains power supply the heat pump and household appliance terminal energy at the same time.

[0043] At this time, both photovoltaic power generation and grid power simultaneously supply electricity to the heat pump and household appliances. All available photovoltaic power will be used to supply the load, and any power shortfall will be seamlessly supplemented by grid power. Meanwhile, energy storage battery 1 may also participate in discharging to supplement the shortfall and reduce grid power consumption, based on its SOC value and a preset economic strategy. This mode ensures that the continuity and stability of basic household energy needs are unaffected under any weather conditions.

[0044] Example 10 The system can switch and adapt to different optimized operating modes under the scheduling of the central controller 5, according to seasonal characteristics. During the heating season, the system enters heating mode, and its core strategy is to adjust energy storage in advance based on weather forecasts.

[0045] If the system predicts poor sunlight or low temperatures in the coming days via the climate API interface, this means that photovoltaic power generation will decrease while heating demand will increase. To address this, the system will adopt a defensive energy storage strategy: before the predicted severe weather arrives, as long as there is a surplus in photovoltaic power, it will prioritize increasing the heat storage capacity of energy storage tank 10 and may keep the energy storage batteries at a high charge level to reserve sufficient energy to meet heating demands during periods of insufficient power generation.

[0046] Conversely, if ample sunshine or high temperatures are predicted for the next few days, it means there will be a significant surplus of photovoltaic power generation. The system then adopts an absorption-oriented energy release strategy: before the predicted sunny weather arrives, it may release some of the electricity from the energy storage batteries and the heat stored in the water tank for home heating, thereby reducing the battery SOC and water tank temperature. This frees up sufficient storage space for the large amount of surplus photovoltaic power that is about to arrive, ensuring that it can be effectively absorbed and not wasted.

[0047] Example 11 During the cooling season, the system enters cooling mode, which is symmetrical to the heating mode, but the goal is to store cold energy.

[0048] If poor sunlight or high temperatures are predicted for the next few days, it means reduced photovoltaic power generation and a surge in cooling demand. In this case, the system will implement a defensive cooling storage strategy: before the arrival of hot weather, it will make full use of existing photovoltaic power to drive the heat pump to operate in cooling mode, and prioritize increasing the cooling capacity of the energy storage tank 10, acting like an "icebox" to store cooling energy for the upcoming high-load period.

[0049] Conversely, if ample sunshine or low temperatures are predicted for the next few days, it means abundant photovoltaic power generation and low cooling demand. The system then implements an absorption-based cooling release strategy: utilizing stored cooling capacity to cool homes in advance, releasing cooling capacity from the energy storage tank, and potentially using some electricity from energy storage battery 1, thereby reducing the energy storage level and preparing reserves for absorbing the abundant photovoltaic power in the following days. Based on this predictive and forward-looking energy storage / release strategy, the system's ability to cope with weather changes and its overall annual energy efficiency are greatly improved.

[0050] The peak shaving and valley filling dynamic response module is equipped with a preset dynamic peak shaving and valley filling algorithm. The central controller is equipped with an API interface to obtain dynamic electricity price information for each time period of the next day. The central controller uses the electricity price information and the dynamic peak shaving and valley filling algorithm to adjust the charging and discharging mode of the energy storage battery in real time to achieve the purpose of dynamic peak shaving and valley filling and maximize user profits.

[0051] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0052] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A home energy management system, characterized in that: Including photovoltaic modules (3), mains power (4), inverters (2), energy storage batteries (1), heat pumps (9), energy storage water tanks (10), charging piles (8), home appliance terminals (7), central controllers (5), cloud platforms (11) and mobile apps (6); The photovoltaic module (3) and the mains power (4) are electrically connected to the energy storage battery (1), the heat pump (9), the charging pile (8), and the home appliance terminal (7) through the inverter (2); The central controller (5) is connected to the inverter (2), energy storage battery (1), heat pump (9), energy storage water tank (10), and charging pile (8) via wireless signal communication. The central controller (5) and the mobile APP (6) communicate with each other through the cloud platform (11). The central controller (5) performs local control of each device in the system, and the mobile APP (6) performs remote control of each device in the system through remote communication with the central controller (5).

2. The central controller (5) has an energy storage priority control module, an energy consumption priority control module, a user habit learning module, a climate compensation module, and a peak shaving and valley filling dynamic response module.

3. The home energy management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile APP (6) receives and visualizes the operating parameters of each device and the system operating data. The mobile APP (6) transmits the device control commands triggered by the user to the central controller (5), and the central controller transmits the control commands to the inverter (2), energy storage battery (1), heat pump (9), energy storage water tank (10), charging pile (8) and home appliance terminal (7) respectively; the mobile APP (6) is equipped with an alarm event processing interface, which supports user confirmation and processing of alarm information.

4. The home energy management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central controller (5) collects data from the inverter (2), energy storage battery (1), heat pump (9), energy storage water tank (10), charging pile (8) and home appliance terminal (7) to calculate energy generation, storage and consumption data. The central controller (5) also includes a logic judgment module and an instruction issuing module. The central controller collects data and dynamically adjusts the power distribution between devices in the home energy system through the logic judgment module and the instruction issuing module to maximize the use of photovoltaic power generation.

5. A method for operating a home energy management system as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The energy storage priority control module controls the energy storage battery (1) and the energy storage water tank (10) through the central controller (5) to realize the system energy storage priority control; The central controller (5) collects data including photovoltaic power generation P1, operating power of each device P2, SOC value of energy storage battery and energy storage tank. The photovoltaic power generation P1 is compared with the operating power P2 of each device to determine whether the photovoltaic module generates a surplus. If the photovoltaic power generation P1 is greater than or equal to the operating power P2 of each device, then the photovoltaic module's power generation is in surplus. Continue to determine whether the energy storage tank (10) has reached the full storage state; When the energy storage reaches full capacity, the heat pump stops running. Then, it checks whether the energy storage battery has reached full capacity. If the energy storage battery's SOC value has reached full capacity, the energy storage battery stops charging. If the energy storage battery's SOC value has not reached full capacity, the energy storage battery continues to charge until it is fully charged.

6. When the energy storage is not fully stored, the heat pump (9) continues to run until the energy storage tank (10) reaches the full state. Then, it is determined whether the energy storage battery has reached the full state. If the SOC value of the energy storage battery reaches the full state, the energy storage battery stops charging. If the SOC value of the energy storage battery does not reach the full state, the energy storage battery is charged until it is fully charged. If the photovoltaic power generation P1 is less than the operating power P2 of each device, the photovoltaic module's power generation is in a non-surplus state; the energy storage tank does not store energy, and the energy storage battery does not charge.

7. The method for operating the home energy management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The energy priority control module controls the start and stop of the heat pump (9), charging pile (8) and home appliance terminal (7) through the central controller (5) to realize the system energy priority control; The central controller (5) collects data including photovoltaic power generation power P1, heat pump and household appliance power P3 and charging pile charging power P4, and charging pile minimum charging power P4'. It compares the difference between photovoltaic power generation power P1 and heat pump and household appliance power P3 with the charging pile minimum charging power P4', and dynamically adjusts the charging pile charging power P4 according to the comparison result. When the photovoltaic power generation power P1 is greater than or equal to the household appliance power P3, the electrical energy of the photovoltaic module is given priority to the heat pump and the terminal energy consumption of household appliances. Then compare the difference between the photovoltaic power generation power P1 and the power of the heat pump and household appliances P3 with the minimum charging power P4' of the charging pile; If the difference between the photovoltaic power generation power P1 and the power of the heat pump and household appliances P3 is greater than the minimum charging power P4' of the charging pile, the charging power P4 of the charging pile will be dynamically adjusted to be equal to the difference between the photovoltaic power generation power P1 and the power of the heat pump and household appliances P3, so as to absorb the surplus power generated by the photovoltaic module. If the difference between the photovoltaic power generation P1 and the power of the heat pump and household appliances P3 is less than the minimum charging power P4' of the charging pile, the photovoltaic power generation will only supply energy to the heat pump and household appliances. When the photovoltaic power generation P1 is less than the heat pump and household appliance power P3, the photovoltaic power generation and the mains power supply the heat pump and household appliance terminal energy at the same time.

8. The method for operating the home energy management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The user habit learning module is pre-loaded with a habit learning program that has a habit learning algorithm. The habit learning program obtains historical data on the user's usage time and operating power of loads such as heat pumps and charging piles, and generates personalized operating parameter adjustment modes through the habit learning algorithm. It automatically optimizes the start-up and shutdown time and operating power of each device to adapt to the user's lifestyle.

9. The method for operating the home energy management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The climate compensation module has a preset climate compensation algorithm. The central controller (5) is equipped with an API interface. Climate data is obtained through the API interface. The climate data includes ambient temperature, ambient humidity, light intensity, etc. The central controller (5) adjusts the charging and discharging mode of the energy storage battery (1) and the energy storage mode of the energy storage tank (10) through the climate data and the climate compensation algorithm. The climate compensation module automatically adjusts the operation strategy of heating and cooling modes in different seasons according to the climate compensation algorithm. Heating mode: During the heating season, if it is predicted that the sunlight will be poor or the temperature will be low in the next few days, the heat storage of the energy storage tank (10) and the power storage of the energy storage battery (1) will be increased in order to cope with the low temperature in the next few days; if it is predicted that the sunlight will be sufficient or the temperature will be high in the next few days, the heat of the energy storage tank (10) and the power of the energy storage battery (1) will be released in advance to accept the surplus photovoltaic power. Cooling mode: During the cooling season, if it is predicted that the sunlight will be poor or the temperature will be high in the next few days, the cooling capacity of the energy storage tank (10) and the energy storage capacity of the energy storage battery (1) will be increased first; if it is predicted that the sunlight will be sufficient or the temperature will be low in the next few days, the cooling capacity of the energy storage tank (10) and the energy storage capacity of the energy storage battery (1) will be released in advance to accept the surplus photovoltaic power.

10. The method for operating the home energy management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The peak shaving and valley filling dynamic response module is preset with a dynamic peak shaving and valley filling algorithm. The central controller (5) is equipped with an API interface. The dynamic electricity price information for each time period of the next day can be obtained through the API interface. The central controller (5) adjusts the charging and discharging mode of the energy storage battery (1) in real time through the electricity price information and the dynamic peak shaving and valley filling algorithm to achieve the purpose of dynamic peak shaving and valley filling and maximize the user's profit.

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