Automatic moisture adjusting device in rural kitchen waste aerobic fermentation process

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for automatically adjusting moisture in the aerobic fermentation process of rural kitchen waste, which comprises a rack and an integrated sensor, the rack is respectively provided with a master control cabinet, a fermentation tank, a feeding mechanism, a biogas slurry circulating spraying mechanism and an aeration mechanism, the integrated sensor monitors the temperature, humidity and oxygen concentration of a fermentation material in the fermentation tank, the master control cabinet is used for receiving a signal of the integrated sensor and controlling the feeding mechanism, the biogas slurry circulating spraying mechanism and the aeration mechanism to make related actions, and the feeding mechanism is used for pouring rural kitchen waste and straw into the fermentation tank. Temperature, humidity and oxygen concentration data are collected in a layered mode through an integrated sensor, biogas slurry generated through fermentation is recycled and preferentially used for spraying and water supplementing, tap water is replaced, and the operation cost is reduced; aeration and biogas slurry pipelines are reused, so that the construction cost and the occupied field are reduced, and resource utilization and ecological circulation of the kitchen waste are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rural kitchen waste treatment technology, and in particular to an automatic moisture regulation device for the aerobic fermentation process of rural kitchen waste. Background Technology

[0002] With the improvement of rural living standards, the amount of rural kitchen waste has been increasing year by year. Its high moisture and high organic matter content can easily lead to environmental pollution and resource waste if not properly treated. Aerobic fermentation technology has become the mainstream approach for rural kitchen waste treatment because it can convert kitchen waste into organic fertilizer and realize resource utilization. However, the precise control of environmental parameters such as moisture and oxygen during the fermentation process is the key to ensuring fermentation efficiency and product quality.

[0003] Currently, the aerobic fermentation devices for kitchen waste used in rural areas still have room for improvement in terms of the precision of dynamic moisture regulation, the efficiency of recycling fermentation by-products, and the control of equipment operation and maintenance costs. The automation adaptability and pipeline integration design of some devices are still difficult to fully match the actual situation of scattered sites and a shortage of professional operation and maintenance personnel in rural areas, which to some extent restricts the promotion and application of aerobic fermentation technology in rural areas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automatic moisture regulation device for the aerobic fermentation process of rural kitchen waste. It collects temperature, humidity, and oxygen concentration data in layers through an integrated sensor, and prioritizes the recycling of biogas slurry produced during fermentation for spraying water replenishment, replacing tap water and reducing operating costs. The aeration and biogas slurry pipelines are reused, reducing construction costs and site occupation, and realizing the resource utilization and ecological cycle of kitchen waste.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automatic moisture regulation device for the aerobic fermentation process of rural kitchen waste, comprising a frame and an integrated sensor. The frame is respectively equipped with a main control cabinet, a fermentation tank, a feeding mechanism, a biogas slurry circulation spraying mechanism, and an aeration mechanism. The integrated sensor monitors the temperature, humidity, and oxygen concentration of the fermentation material in the fermentation tank. The main control cabinet is used to receive signals from the integrated sensor and control the feeding mechanism, the biogas slurry circulation spraying mechanism, and the aeration mechanism to perform relevant actions. The feeding mechanism is used to pour rural kitchen waste and straw into the fermentation tank. The biogas slurry circulation spraying mechanism is used to recover biogas slurry and automatically replenish water to spray the inside of the fermentation tank to change the humidity. The aeration mechanism is used to maintain an aerobic environment for the fermentation material in the fermentation tank. The fermentation tank includes a tank body fixedly installed on a frame, and the integrated sensors are evenly arranged on the tank body at heights of 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 of the tank body.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the biogas slurry circulating spraying mechanism includes a biogas slurry tank, a water replenishment tank, and several arrays of vertical pipes installed on the frame and connected to each other at the bottom of the tank. A return pipe is installed between the vertical pipes and the tail end of the return pipe is connected to the biogas slurry tank. The bottom of the vertical pipe is integrally formed with a threaded section. A microporous percolation filter cartridge is inserted into the vertical pipe. A sealing block for squeezing and fixing the microporous percolation filter cartridge is threadedly connected below the threaded section.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the biogas slurry circulating spraying mechanism further includes a reflux pump and a spray pump fixedly installed above the water replenishment tank. The input end and output end of the reflux pump are respectively equipped with a suction pipe and a delivery pipe. The end of the suction pipe away from the reflux pump extends into the biogas slurry tank and is lower than the reflux pipe. The end of the delivery pipe away from the reflux pump extends into the water replenishment tank. The input end and output end of the spray pump are respectively equipped with a discharge pipe and a spray pipe. The end of the discharge pipe away from the spray pump extends into the water replenishment tank. The end of the spray pipe away from the spray pump extends into the tank body and is equipped with several nozzles.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a water supply pipe with an electrically controlled valve is installed above the water supply tank and connected to the municipal pipeline. Water level sensor A and water level sensor B, which are connected to the main control cabinet, are installed inside the biogas slurry tank and the water supply tank, respectively.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water level sensor A is configured with two liquid level detection points. The liquid level measured at the higher liquid level detection point of the water level sensor A is lower than the connection point between the return pipe and the biogas slurry tank. The water level sensor B is configured with two liquid level detection points. The liquid level measured at the lower liquid level detection point is the same as that at the lower liquid level detection point of the water level sensor A. The liquid level measured at the higher liquid level detection point of the water level sensor B is lower than that at the higher liquid level detection point of the water level sensor A.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the logic for controlling water replenishment using water level sensor A and water level sensor B is as follows: When the liquid level in the biogas slurry tank is between the two liquid level detection points of the water level sensor A, the backflow pump continues to run to prevent backflow by ensuring that the liquid level in the biogas slurry tank is not higher than the liquid level measured by the higher liquid level detection point of the water level sensor A. The backflow pump stops running to avoid dry pumping. When the liquid level in the biogas slurry tank and the water level in the replenishment tank are lower than the lower liquid level detection points of water level sensor A and water level sensor B, respectively, the electric control valve of the water replenishment pipe of the replenishment tank is opened to replenish water until the water level in the replenishment tank reaches the liquid level measured by the higher liquid level detection point of water level sensor B, thus completing the water replenishment.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aeration mechanism includes an aerator fixedly installed above the biogas slurry tank. The output end of the aerator is fixedly connected to a branch pipe. Several branch pipes matching the vertical pipe are connected and installed on the branch pipe. The end of the branch pipe away from the branch pipe is connected to the corresponding vertical pipe and is higher than the return pipe. The branch pipe is equipped with a solenoid valve electrically connected to the main control cabinet.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a tank cover is fixedly connected to the top of the tank body. The fermentation tank also includes a drive motor and a dual-output reducer fixedly mounted on the frame. The drive motor and the dual-output reducer are driven by a belt. Output gears are respectively installed on the two output shafts of the dual-output reducer. Two symmetrically distributed rotating shafts are rotatably arranged inside the tank body. The ends of the two rotating shafts extend outside the tank body and are fixedly sleeved with transmission gears that mesh with the two output gears of the dual-output reducer. Turning scrapers for stirring are fixedly connected to the two rotating shafts. The turning scrapers are spirally staggered along the axial direction of the rotating shafts.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the tank is provided with a discharge port, and the two sides of the tank are rotatably provided with connecting shafts through bearing seats. A material gate that closes the discharge port is fixedly connected between the opposite ends of the two connecting shafts. A throttle handle is fixedly connected to the opposite ends of the two connecting shafts respectively. Hydraulic cylinders are hinged to the two sides of the tank through axle pins, and the output ends of the two hydraulic cylinders are respectively hinged to the corresponding throttle handles.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feeding mechanism includes a track fixedly connected between the frame and the tank. A bracket is fixedly installed on one side of the track, and a winch is fixedly connected to the bracket. A hopper is provided on the other side of the track. Two support plates are fixedly connected to the side of the hopper. Crossbars are fixedly connected to the two support plates respectively. Rollers that move along the track are rotatably connected to the two ends of the two crossbars respectively. A movable pulley is fixedly installed on the upper support plate. A fixed pulley is fixedly installed on the top of the track. A steel cable is wound around the winch. The end of the steel cable away from the winch passes over the fixed pulley and is fixedly connected to the movable pulley. Corresponding opening and closing doors are provided on the hopper and the tank cover respectively.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects that this invention can achieve are: 1. By collecting temperature, humidity, and oxygen concentration data in layers through an integrated sensor on the tank, and combining the dual liquid level control logic of water level sensor A and water level sensor B, dynamic and precise control of fermentation humidity is achieved, and the humidity is stably maintained in the optimal range of 55%RH. Furthermore, the biogas slurry produced by fermentation is recycled through vertical pipe filtration, transferred through a water replenishment tank, and reused for spraying water replenishment, replacing tap water to reduce rural operating costs, realizing the ecological cycle of biogas slurry, and solving the problems of biogas slurry waste and dependence on tap water in traditional devices.

[0016] 2. Spraying and aeration share the same array of vertical pipes at the bottom of the fermentation tank. During the spraying stage, the vertical pipes are used to recover and filter biogas slurry. During the aeration stage, the vertical pipes are switched by a solenoid valve. One set of pipes realizes biogas slurry recovery and bottom aeration, reducing the construction cost of a separate aeration pipe, reducing the land occupation in rural areas, and making it more in line with the economic affordability of rural areas. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the fermenter of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional state of the fermenter of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional state of the fermenter of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the biogas slurry circulation spraying mechanism and the aeration mechanism of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the biogas slurry circulation spraying mechanism and the aeration mechanism of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the vertical tube of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional plan view of the biogas slurry tank of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism of the present invention.

[0018] Legend: 1. Frame; 2. Integrated sensor; 3. Main control cabinet; 4. Fermentation tank; 41. Tank body; 42. Tank lid; 43. Drive motor; 44. Dual output reducer; 45. Output gear; 46. Rotary shaft; 47. Transmission gear; 48. Turning scraper; 49. Connecting shaft; 410. Material gate; 411. Throttle; 412. Hydraulic cylinder; 5. Feeding mechanism; 51. Track; 52. Support frame; 53. Winch; 54. Hopper; 55. Support plate; 56. Crossbar; 57. Roller; 58. Movable pulley; 59. 510. Fixed pulley; 6. Steel cable; 7. Biogas slurry circulating spraying mechanism; 61. Biogas slurry tank; 62. Water replenishment tank; 63. Vertical pipe; 64. Return pipe; 65. Threaded section; 66. Microporous infiltration cartridge; 67. Sealing block; 68. Return pump; 69. Spray pump; 610. Liquid extraction pipe; 611. Liquid delivery pipe; 612. Liquid outlet pipe; 613. Spray pipe; 614. Sprinkler head; 617. Water level sensor A; 618. Water level sensor B; 7. Aeration mechanism; 71. Aerator; 72. Branch pipe; 73. Branch pipe; 74. Solenoid valve. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the technical means, creative features, and achieved objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments. However, the following embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this invention and not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described herein without creative effort are all within the protection scope of this invention. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods in the following embodiments are conventional methods, and the materials and reagents used in the following embodiments are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0020] Example:

[0021] like Figure 1 - Figure 11 As shown in the figure, this embodiment proposes an automatic moisture regulation device for the aerobic fermentation process of rural kitchen waste, including a frame 1 and an integrated sensor 2. The frame 1 is equipped with a main control cabinet 3, a fermentation tank 4, a feeding mechanism 5, a biogas slurry circulation spraying mechanism 6, and an aeration mechanism 7. The integrated sensor 2 monitors the temperature, humidity, and oxygen concentration of the fermentation material in the fermentation tank 4. The main control cabinet 3 is used to receive the signal from the integrated sensor 2 and control the feeding mechanism 5, the biogas slurry circulation spraying mechanism 6, and the aeration mechanism 7 to perform relevant actions. The feeding mechanism 5 is used to pour rural kitchen waste and straw into the fermentation tank 4. The biogas slurry circulation spraying mechanism 6 is used to recover biogas slurry and automatically replenish water to spray the inside of the fermentation tank 4 to change the humidity. The aeration mechanism 7 is used to maintain the aerobic environment of the fermentation material in the fermentation tank 4. The fermentation tank 4 includes a tank body 41 fixedly installed on the frame 1, and integrated sensors 2 are evenly arranged on the tank body 41 with their height located at 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 of the height of the tank body 41.

[0022] Specifically, the feeding mechanism 5 feeds the pre-treated rural kitchen waste and straw into the fermentation tank 4 in proportion. The integrated sensor 2 at 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 height of the tank 41 simultaneously collects the temperature, humidity and oxygen concentration data of the material at different depths to avoid local monitoring deviations. After receiving the data, the main control cabinet 3 triggers biogas slurry spraying if the humidity is below 55%RH, triggers aeration if the oxygen concentration is below 8%VOL, and triggers aeration and cooling if the temperature is above 65℃. After fermentation, the finished organic fertilizer is discharged through the unloading mechanism.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the biogas slurry circulating spraying mechanism 6 includes a biogas slurry tank 61, a water replenishment tank 62, and a plurality of vertical pipes 63 arranged in an array and connected to the bottom of the tank body 41. A return pipe 64 is connected between the plurality of vertical pipes 63 and the tail end of the return pipe 64 is connected to the biogas slurry tank 61. A threaded section 65 is integrally formed at the bottom of the vertical pipe 63. A microporous permeation filter 66 is inserted into the vertical pipe 63. A sealing block 67 for squeezing and fixing the microporous permeation filter 66 is threadedly connected below the threaded section 65. Specifically, the biogas slurry produced by fermentation is filtered through a percolator to remove solid residues and then flows into the biogas slurry tank 61 through the return pipe 64 for subsequent spraying water replenishment. When the percolator is clogged, the sealing block 67 is unscrewed, and the percolator is pulled out for cleaning or replacement. There is no need to disassemble the entire pipeline system. The biogas slurry is recycled to avoid local accumulation of liquid that could lead to anaerobic fermentation and to ensure its reuse.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the biogas slurry circulating spraying mechanism 6 further includes a return pump 68 and a spray pump 69 fixedly installed above the water replenishment tank 62. The input end and output end of the return pump 68 are respectively equipped with a suction pipe 610 and a delivery pipe 611. The end of the suction pipe 610 away from the return pump 68 extends into the biogas slurry tank 61 and is lower than the height of the return pipe 64. The end of the delivery pipe 611 away from the return pump 68 extends into the water replenishment tank 62. The input end and output end of the spray pump 69 are respectively equipped with a discharge pipe 612 and a spray pipe 613. The end of the discharge pipe 612 away from the spray pump 69 extends into the water replenishment tank 62. The end of the spray pipe 613 away from the spray pump 69 extends into the tank body 41 and is equipped with a plurality of nozzles 614. Specifically, the biogas slurry produced by fermentation is recovered to the biogas slurry tank 61 through the vertical pipe 63 and the return pipe 64. The return pump 68 is started to pump the biogas slurry in the biogas slurry tank 61 to the water replenishment tank 62 to realize the transfer and storage of biogas slurry. When the integrated sensor 2 detects that the material moisture is insufficient, the spray pump 69 is started to atomize and spray the liquid in the water replenishment tank 62 evenly through multiple nozzles 614 in the tank body 41. After the spraying is completed, the spray pump 69 stops running. The return pump 68 maintains operation or stops according to the liquid level of the biogas slurry tank 61, and the fermentation by-product biogas slurry is reused for moisture regulation to replace tap water, thereby reducing rural operating costs. The biogas slurry recovery and spray pipe 613 are partially reused, reducing the construction cost of a set of independent spray pipe 613, reducing the rural site occupation and reducing pipeline construction costs.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a water supply pipe with an electrically controlled valve is connected to the top of the water supply tank 62 and connected to the municipal pipeline. The biogas slurry tank 61 and the water supply tank 62 are respectively equipped with a water level sensor A617 and a water level sensor B618 connected to the main control cabinet 3. The water level sensor A617 is set with two liquid level detection points. The liquid level measured by the higher liquid level detection point of the water level sensor A617 is lower than the connection position between the return pipe 64 and the biogas slurry tank 61. The water level sensor B618 is set with two liquid level detection points. The liquid level measured by the lower liquid level detection point is the same as the lower liquid level detection point of the water level sensor A617. The liquid level measured by the higher liquid level detection point of the water level sensor B618 is lower than the higher liquid level detection point of the water level sensor A617. When the liquid level in the biogas slurry tank 61 is between the two liquid level detection points of the water level sensor A617, the return pump 68 continues to run to prevent backflow by ensuring that the liquid level in the biogas slurry tank 61 is not higher than the liquid level measured by the higher liquid level detection point of the water level sensor A617. The return pump 68 stops running to avoid dry pumping. When the liquid level in biogas slurry tank 61 and the water level in water replenishment tank 62 are lower than the lower liquid level detection points of water level sensor A617 and water level sensor B618 respectively, the electric control valve of the water replenishment pipe of water replenishment tank 62 is opened to replenish water until the water level in water replenishment tank 62 reaches the liquid level measured by the higher liquid level detection point of water level sensor B618, and the water replenishment is completed. Specifically, the liquid level in the biogas slurry tank 61 is between the high and low liquid level detection points of the water level sensor A617. The return pump 68 runs continuously, pumping the biogas slurry in the biogas slurry tank 61 to the water replenishment tank 62 for transfer, maintaining the liquid level in the biogas slurry tank 61 below the high liquid level point of A, which is lower than the inlet of the return pipe 64, to prevent the biogas slurry from flowing back into the fermentation tank 4. When the liquid level in the biogas slurry tank 61 is lower than the low liquid level detection point of the water level sensor A617, the return pump 68 automatically stops running to avoid damage to the pump body due to dry pumping. When the liquid level in biogas slurry tank 61 is lower than the low liquid level point A, and the liquid level in water replenishment tank 62 is lower than the low liquid level detection point of water level sensor B618, the main control cabinet 3 automatically opens the electric control valve of the water replenishment pipe of water replenishment tank 62 to connect to municipal tap water for replenishment. When the liquid level in water replenishment tank 62 reaches the high liquid level detection point of water level sensor B618, the electric control valve automatically closes, completing the water replenishment. The biogas slurry produced by fermentation is used to replace tap water, reducing the amount of tap water used, lowering rural operating costs, realizing the resource utilization of biogas slurry produced by fermentation, and conforming to the concept of rural ecological cycle.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aeration mechanism 7 includes an aerator 71 fixedly installed above the biogas slurry tank 61. The output end of the aerator 71 is fixedly connected to a branch pipe 72. A plurality of branch pipes 73 matching the vertical pipe 63 are connected to the branch pipe 72. The end of the branch pipe 73 away from the branch pipe 72 is connected to the corresponding vertical pipe 63 and is higher than the return pipe 64. The branch pipe 73 is provided with a solenoid valve 74 electrically connected to the main control cabinet 3.

[0027] Specifically, the branch pipe 73, controlled by the solenoid valve 74, is connected to the vertical pipe 63, enabling the reuse of the aeration mechanism 7 and the biogas slurry recovery pipeline. When the oxygen concentration in the tank is insufficient, the air generated by the aerator 71 diffuses upward from the bottom of the tank 41 through the branch pipe 72, branch pipe 73, and vertical pipe 63 to supplement the material with oxygen. After aeration is completed, the solenoid valve 74 is closed, and the vertical pipe 63 resumes its biogas slurry recovery function. The biogas slurry recovery pipeline and the aeration pipeline are combined into one, reducing the construction cost of a separate aeration pipeline, reducing the land occupation in rural areas, reducing the number of pipelines, and lowering installation and maintenance costs, which is more in line with the economic affordability of rural areas.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a tank cover 42 is fixedly connected to the top of the tank body 41. The fermentation tank 4 also includes a drive motor 43 and a dual-output reducer 44 fixedly mounted on the frame 1. The drive motor 43 and the dual-output reducer 44 are driven by a belt. Output gears 45 are respectively mounted on the two output shafts of the dual-output reducer 44. Two symmetrically distributed rotating shafts 46 are rotatably arranged inside the tank body 41. The ends of the two rotating shafts 46 extend to the outside of the tank body 41 and are fixedly sleeved with transmission gears 47 that mesh with the two output gears 45 of the dual-output reducer 44. Turning scrapers 48 for stirring are fixedly connected to the two rotating shafts 46. The turning scrapers 48 are spirally staggered along the axial direction of the rotating shafts 46.

[0029] Specifically, the main control cabinet 3 triggers the drive motor 43 to start based on temperature or oxygen concentration data. The drive motor 43 drives the dual-output reducer 44 to operate via a belt. The two output shafts of the reducer drive the dual rotating shafts 46 inside the tank 41 to rotate synchronously via gear transmission. The spiral interlaced turning scraper 48 on the rotating shaft 46 stirs the material, turning the bottom material to the top layer and the top material to the bottom layer, ensuring that the material is mixed evenly.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the tank body 41 is provided with a discharge port, and the two sides of the tank body 41 are rotatably provided with connecting shafts 49 through bearing seats. A material gate 410 that closes the discharge port is fixedly connected between the opposite ends of the two connecting shafts 49. A throttle handle 411 is fixedly connected to the opposite ends of the two connecting shafts 49 respectively. Hydraulic cylinders 412 are hinged to the two sides of the tank body 41 through axle pins, and the output ends of the two hydraulic cylinders 412 are respectively hinged to the corresponding throttle handles 411.

[0031] Specifically, after fermentation is complete, the main control cabinet 3 triggers the hydraulic cylinder 412 to start. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 412 pushes the handle 411 to rotate. The handle 411 drives the connecting shaft 49 to rotate. The connecting shaft 49 drives the material gate 410 to rotate around the bottom of the tank 41, opening the discharge port and pushing the fermented organic fertilizer to the discharge port for discharge. After the discharge is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 412 retracts, driving the material gate 410 to close the discharge port and seal the fermentation tank 4.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feeding mechanism 5 includes a track 51 fixedly connected between the frame 1 and the tank 41. A bracket 52 is fixedly installed on one side of the track 51, and a winch 53 is fixedly connected to the bracket 52. A hopper 54 is provided on the other side of the track 51. Two support plates 55 are fixedly connected to the side of the hopper 54. A crossbar 56 is fixedly connected to each of the two support plates 55. Rollers 57 that move along the track 51 are rotatably connected to the two ends of the two crossbars 56. A movable pulley 58 is fixedly installed on the upper support plate 55. A fixed pulley 59 is fixedly installed on the top of the track 51. A steel cable 510 is wound around the winch 53. The end of the steel cable 510 away from the winch 53 passes around the fixed pulley 59 and is fixedly connected to the movable pulley 58. Corresponding opening and closing doors are provided on the hopper 54 and the tank cover 42.

[0033] Specifically, rural kitchen waste and straw are mixed in a 4:1 ratio and then loaded into hopper 54. The main control cabinet 3 triggers the start of winch 53. The steel cable 510, through the combination of fixed pulley 59 and movable pulley 58, drives hopper 54 to rise along track 51 to the top of fermentation tank 4. The opening and closing doors on hopper 54 and tank cover 42 open automatically, and the material slides into fermentation tank 4. After the feeding is completed, winch 53 reverses its rotation, and hopper 54 descends along track 51 to the initial position, waiting for the next feeding. Straw is also used to supplement the moisture and reduce humidity when the moisture content is too high.

[0034] Based on the above, the working principle and usage process of this invention can be summarized as follows: First, the frame 1 serves as the supporting foundation, integrating the main control cabinet 3, fermentation tank 4, and feeding, spraying, aeration, and turning functions. Through the integrated sensors 2 arranged at 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 heights of the tank 41, the temperature, humidity, and oxygen concentration data of the fermentation material are collected layer by layer. The main control cabinet 3 serves as the intelligent hub, automatically triggering the actions of each actuator based on preset thresholds, forming a closed-loop control system that requires no manual intervention. Secondly, the bottom array of vertical pipes 63 of the fermentation tank 4 contains a microporous percolation filter cartridge 66 to intercept straw residue and unfermented kitchen waste. The filtered biogas slurry flows into the biogas slurry tank 61 through the return pipe 64, avoiding liquid accumulation at the bottom of the tank that could lead to anaerobic fermentation. The percolation filter cartridge has a quick-release structure, allowing rural residents to clean and replace it quickly. The return pump 68 pumps the biogas slurry in the biogas slurry tank 61 to the water replenishment tank 62 for transfer. When the material moisture content is below 55%RH, the spray pump 69 atomizes the biogas slurry in the water replenishment tank 62 through the nozzles 614 inside the tank body 41, realizing the recycling of biogas slurry. Through the water level sensors A617 and B618, the biogas slurry resources are consumed first, and the municipal tap water supply is automatically triggered when the biogas slurry is exhausted. Furthermore, when the oxygen concentration in the tank is below 8% VOL, the air generated by the aerator 71 diffuses upward from the bottom of the tank 41 through the branch pipe 72, branch pipe 73, and vertical pipe 63 to supplement the material with oxygen. After aeration is completed, the solenoid valve 74 is closed, and the vertical pipe 63 resumes its biogas slurry recovery function, reducing the construction cost of an independent aeration pipeline and improving oxygen utilization. During the above process, the drive motor 43 is triggered to start. The drive motor 43 drives the dual-output reducer 44 to operate via a belt. The two output shafts of the reducer drive the dual rotating shafts 46 inside the tank 41 to rotate synchronously via gear transmission. The spiral interlaced turning scraper 48 on the rotating shaft 46 stirs the material, turning the bottom material to the top layer and the top material to the bottom layer, ensuring that the material is in full contact with oxygen and moisture, and avoiding insufficient local fermentation.

[0035] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0036] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic moisture regulation device for the aerobic fermentation process of rural kitchen waste, characterized in that, The system includes a frame (1) and an integrated sensor (2). The frame (1) is equipped with a main control cabinet (3), a fermentation tank (4), a feeding mechanism (5), a biogas slurry circulation spraying mechanism (6), and an aeration mechanism (7). The integrated sensor (2) monitors the temperature, humidity, and oxygen concentration of the fermentation material in the fermentation tank (4). The main control cabinet (3) receives the signal from the integrated sensor (2) and controls the feeding mechanism (5), the biogas slurry circulation spraying mechanism (6), and the aeration mechanism (7) to perform relevant actions. The feeding mechanism (5) is used to pour rural kitchen waste and straw into the fermentation tank (4). The biogas slurry circulation spraying mechanism (6) is used to recover biogas slurry and automatically replenish water to spray the inside of the fermentation tank (4) to change the humidity. The aeration mechanism (7) is used to maintain the aerobic environment of the fermentation material in the fermentation tank (4). The fermentation tank (4) includes a tank body (41) fixedly installed on the frame (1), and the integrated sensor (2) is evenly arranged on the tank body (41) with its height located at 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 of the tank body (41).

2. The automatic moisture regulation device for aerobic fermentation of rural kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biogas slurry circulating spraying mechanism (6) includes a biogas slurry tank (61), a water replenishment tank (62) fixedly installed on the frame (1), and several arrays of vertical pipes (63) respectively and connected to each other installed at the bottom of the tank body (41). A return pipe (64) is installed between the several vertical pipes (63), and the tail end of the return pipe (64) is connected to the biogas slurry tank (61). The bottom of the vertical pipe (63) is integrally formed with a threaded section (65). A microporous percolation cartridge (66) is inserted into the vertical pipe (63). A sealing block (67) for squeezing and fixing the microporous percolation cartridge (66) is threadedly connected below the threaded section (65).

3. The automatic moisture regulation device for aerobic fermentation of rural kitchen waste according to claim 2, characterized in that, The biogas slurry circulating spraying mechanism (6) also includes a return pump (68) and a spray pump (69) fixedly installed above the water replenishment tank (62). The input end and output end of the return pump (68) are respectively equipped with a suction pipe (610) and a delivery pipe (611). The end of the suction pipe (610) away from the return pump (68) extends into the biogas slurry tank (61) and is lower than the return pipe (64). The end of the delivery pipe (611) away from the return pump (68) extends into the water replenishment tank (62). The input end and output end of the spray pump (69) are respectively equipped with a discharge pipe (612) and a spray pipe (613). The end of the discharge pipe (612) away from the spray pump (69) extends into the water replenishment tank (62). The end of the spray pipe (613) away from the spray pump (69) extends into the tank body (41) and is equipped with several nozzles (614).

4. The automatic moisture regulation device for aerobic fermentation of rural kitchen waste according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water replenishment tank (62) is connected to a municipal pipeline via a water replenishment pipe equipped with an electric control valve. The biogas slurry tank (61) and the water replenishment tank (62) are respectively equipped with a water level sensor A (617) and a water level sensor B (618) connected to the main control cabinet (3).

5. The automatic moisture regulation device for aerobic fermentation of rural kitchen waste according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water level sensor A (617) has two liquid level detection points. The liquid level measured at the higher liquid level detection point of the water level sensor A (617) is lower than the connection position between the return pipe (64) and the biogas slurry tank (61). The water level sensor B (618) has two liquid level detection points. The liquid level measured at the lower liquid level detection point is the same as the lower liquid level detection point of the water level sensor A (617). The liquid level measured at the higher liquid level detection point of the water level sensor B (618) is lower than the higher liquid level detection point of the water level sensor A (617).

6. The automatic moisture regulation device for aerobic fermentation of rural kitchen waste according to claim 5, characterized in that, The logic for controlling water replenishment by water level sensor A (617) and water level sensor B (618) is as follows: When the liquid level in the biogas slurry tank (61) is between the two liquid level detection points of the water level sensor A (617), the return pump (68) continues to run to prevent backflow by ensuring that the liquid level in the biogas slurry tank (61) is not higher than the liquid level measured by the higher liquid level detection point of the water level sensor A (617). The return pump (68) stops running to avoid dry pumping. When the liquid level in the biogas slurry tank (61) and the water level in the water replenishment tank (62) are lower than the lower liquid level detection points of water level sensor A (617) and water level sensor B (618) respectively, the electric control valve of the water replenishment pipe of the water replenishment tank (62) is opened to replenish water until the water level in the water replenishment tank (62) reaches the liquid level measured by the higher liquid level detection point of water level sensor B (618), and the water replenishment is completed.

7. The automatic moisture regulation device for aerobic fermentation of rural kitchen waste according to claim 3, characterized in that, The aeration mechanism (7) includes an aerator (71) fixedly installed above the biogas slurry tank (61). The output end of the aerator (71) is fixedly connected to a branch pipe (72). Several branch pipes (73) matching the vertical pipe (63) are connected to the branch pipe (72). The end of the branch pipe (73) away from the branch pipe (72) is connected to the corresponding vertical pipe (63) and its height is higher than the return pipe (64). The branch pipe (73) is equipped with a solenoid valve (74) electrically connected to the main control cabinet (3).

8. The automatic moisture regulation device for aerobic fermentation of rural kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the tank (41) is fixedly connected to a tank cover (42). The fermentation tank (4) also includes a drive motor (43) and a dual-output reducer (44) fixedly installed on the frame (1). The drive motor (43) and the dual-output reducer (44) are driven by a belt. Output gears (45) are respectively installed on the two output shafts of the dual-output reducer (44). Two symmetrically distributed rotating shafts (46) are rotatably arranged inside the tank (41). The ends of the two rotating shafts (46) extend to the outside of the tank (41) and are fixedly sleeved with transmission gears (47) that mesh with the two output gears (45) of the dual-output reducer (44). Turning scrapers (48) for stirring are fixedly connected on the two rotating shafts (46). The turning scrapers (48) are spirally staggered along the axial direction of the rotating shafts (46).

9. The automatic moisture regulation device for aerobic fermentation of rural kitchen waste according to claim 8, characterized in that, The bottom of the tank (41) is provided with a discharge port. The two sides of the tank (41) are rotatably provided with connecting shafts (49) through bearing seats. A material gate (410) that closes the discharge port is fixedly connected between the opposite ends of the two connecting shafts (49). A throttle handle (411) is fixedly connected to the opposite ends of the two connecting shafts (49). Hydraulic cylinders (412) are hinged on both sides of the tank (41) through axle pins. The output ends of the two hydraulic cylinders (412) are respectively hinged to the corresponding throttle handles (411).

10. The automatic moisture regulation device for aerobic fermentation of rural kitchen waste according to claim 2, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism (5) includes a track (51) fixedly connected between the frame (1) and the tank (41). A bracket (52) is fixedly installed on one side of the track (51), and a winch (53) is fixedly connected to the bracket (52). A hopper (54) is provided on the other side of the track (51). Two support plates (55) are fixedly connected to the side of the hopper (54). Crossbars (56) are fixedly connected to the two support plates (55) respectively. Each end is rotatably connected to a roller (57) that moves along the track (51). A movable pulley (58) is fixedly installed on the support plate (55) above. A fixed pulley (59) is fixedly installed on the top of the track (51). A steel cable (510) is wound around the winch (53). One end of the steel cable (510) away from the winch (53) passes around the fixed pulley (59) and is fixedly connected to the movable pulley (58). Corresponding opening and closing doors are respectively provided on the hopper (54) and the can cover (42).

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