Bridge support working condition early warning method and device, storage medium and bridge support working condition multifunctional monitoring method

Abstract

The invention provides a bridge support working condition early warning method and device, a storage medium and a bridge support working condition multifunctional monitoring method, and the method comprises the steps: judging the type of a to-be-evaluated bridge support, and obtaining a disease affecting the use function of the bridge support; determining a working condition evaluation index system of the bridge support based on the diseases; obtaining the evaluation grade of each evaluation index; obtaining a representative value sequence of the monitoring value of each evaluation index in the to-be-evaluated time period, and determining the weight of each evaluation index based on the representative value sequence; calculating the overall score of the working condition of the bridge support based on the evaluation grade and the weight of each evaluation index; obtaining a dynamic early warning value corresponding to the to-be-evaluated time period based on the traffic load borne by the bridge above the bridge support in the to-be-evaluated time period and the working duration of the bridge support; when the overall score of the working condition of the bridge support is larger than the dynamic early warning value, early warning is triggered. By adopting the early warning method provided by the invention, rapid and accurate early warning of the working condition of the support can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of bridge bearing working condition early warning technology, and in particular to a bridge bearing working condition early warning method, device and storage medium, and a multi-functional monitoring method for bridge bearing working condition. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge bearings, as structural components connecting the superstructure and substructure of a bridge, primarily function to include: (1) Load transfer: Reliably transfer the vertical load (self-weight, vehicle load, etc.) and horizontal load (wind load, seismic force, etc.) of the superstructure (such as beam segment) to the substructure (pier, abutment).

[0003] (2) Adaptive to deformation: Allows the bridge to freely expand, contract, rotate, or undergo slight displacement under conditions such as temperature changes, concrete shrinkage and creep, and load action, avoiding additional stress on the structure due to constrained deformation. In addition, some seismic isolation bearings have the function of reducing the impact of vibration on the bridge.

[0004] The working condition of bridge bearings refers to the comprehensive performance state of bridge bearings during use in order to achieve their designed functions. It is a holistic description and assessment of whether the bearings can effectively transfer loads, adapt to deformation, and perform other additional functions. The assessment results are directly related to the overall safety and durability of the bridge.

[0005] Currently, there are two main methods for inspecting the working condition of bridge bearings: manual inspection and real-time monitoring. Manual inspection primarily involves bridge inspectors visually examining the bearings for defects, such as aging and cracking of plate rubber bearings, using small equipment. Real-time monitoring uses sensors to continuously collect data on the bearing's performance. The problems with these two methods are as follows: 1. The space where the bearings are installed is relatively small, making manual inspection limited and subject to subjective judgment, often failing to accurately determine the specific functional damage to the bearings. Furthermore, manual inspection cycles are often long (usually every quarter or year), making it difficult to detect problems in a timely manner.

[0006] 2. While many existing technologies and patented products propose methods for monitoring bearing performance, their monitoring objectives are relatively singular, often focusing on monitoring a single function of the bearing. For example, using a wire-type displacement sensor can only monitor whether the bearing's deformation adaptation function is intact, but not whether its load-transfer function is intact. Existing monitoring methods struggle to comprehensively monitor the operational status of all bearing functions.

[0007] It should be noted that monitoring the condition of bridge bearings is for the purpose of assessing the condition of the bearings. However, in the current specifications, the bearing monitoring indicators and the bearing condition assessment indicators are inconsistent. At present, there is no mature and feasible method for early warning of the working condition of bridge bearings for implementation.

[0008] Therefore, there is a need for a method, device, and storage medium for early warning of the working condition of bridge bearings, as well as a multifunctional monitoring method for the working condition of bridge bearings, in order to at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a method, device and storage medium for early warning of the working condition of bridge bearings, and a multi-functional monitoring method for the working condition of bridge bearings, so as to at least solve one of the problems in the prior art.

[0010] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for early warning of the working condition of bridge bearings, the method comprising: Determine the type of bridge bearing to be evaluated and obtain the defects that affect the function of the corresponding type of bridge bearing; Based on the acquired defects, a corresponding indicator system for evaluating the working condition of bridge bearings was determined. The rating level of each rating indicator is obtained by using the grading standard of each rating indicator in the work condition assessment index system based on the degree of damage. Obtain the representative value sequence of the monitoring values ​​of each evaluation indicator for the period to be evaluated, and determine the weight of each evaluation indicator based on the representative value sequence; The overall score for the working condition of bridge bearings is calculated based on the rating level and weight of each evaluation indicator. The dynamic early warning value for the period to be evaluated is obtained based on the traffic load borne by the bridge above the bridge bearings and the working time of the bridge bearings. When the overall score of the working condition of the bridge bearings is greater than the dynamic early warning value, an early warning is triggered.

[0011] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a bridge bearing working condition early warning device, the early warning device comprising: Memory is used to store executable instructions for a computer; A processor, used to execute computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, implements the early warning method of the above-mentioned technical solution.

[0012] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are used to cause a computer to execute the early warning method of the above-described technical solution.

[0013] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a multi-functional monitoring method for the working condition of bridge bearings. The monitoring method is applied to plate bearings and includes a monitoring device; the monitoring device includes: Fixed bases are erected on the left and right sides of the lower steel plate of the plate support respectively; the measuring rod of the displacement monitoring module set to the top of the left fixed base is vertically connected to the upper steel plate of the support, and the measuring rod of the displacement monitoring module set to the top of the right fixed base is vertically connected to the upper steel plate of the support. On the right side of the fixed base, displacement monitoring modules are set at the upper and lower measuring points on the side wall near the plate support. The measuring rods of the displacement monitoring modules at the upper and lower measuring points are horizontally connected to the rubber layer of the plate support. The monitoring method obtains the following data: Fifthly, embodiments of this application also provide a multi-functional monitoring method for the working condition of bridge bearings, the monitoring method being applied to pot bearings, and including a monitoring device; the monitoring device includes: Fixed bases are erected on the left and right sides of the lower steel plate of the pot bearing respectively; the measuring rod of the displacement monitoring module set to the top of the left fixed base is vertically connected to the upper steel plate of the bearing, and the measuring rod of the displacement monitoring module set to the top of the right fixed base is vertically connected to the upper steel plate of the bearing. On the right side of the fixed base, a displacement monitoring module is installed at a set measuring point on the side wall away from the pot support. The end of the horizontally extending measuring rod of the displacement monitoring module is vertically connected to the steel plate on the support via a vertical connecting rod. Based on the aforementioned monitoring device, the displacement monitoring module and the displacement monitoring module are respectively used to monitor the vertical displacement of the support. The displacement monitoring module is used to monitor the horizontal displacement of the support. x The monitoring method acquires the following data: The early warning method according to the embodiments of this application comprehensively evaluates the working condition of bridge bearings based on real-time monitoring data of multiple evaluation indicators, which improves the accuracy of the evaluation of the working condition of bridge bearings. It is also compared with the dynamic early warning value of the corresponding evaluation period to achieve a more reasonable dynamic early warning, which is conducive to bridge maintenance personnel to grasp the working condition of bearings in a timely manner.

[0014] Additional advantages, objectives, and features of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and will in part become apparent to those skilled in the art upon review of the following description, or may be learned by practice of the application. The objectives and other advantages of this application can be realized and obtained by means of the structures specifically pointed out in the specification and drawings.

[0015] Those skilled in the art will understand that the purposes and advantages that can be achieved with this application are not limited to those specifically described above, and that the above and other purposes that this application can achieve will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. The components in the drawings are not drawn to scale but are merely for illustrating the principles of this application. For ease of illustration and description of certain parts of this application, corresponding portions in the drawings may be enlarged, i.e., may appear larger relative to other components in an exemplary device actually manufactured according to this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 Here is a flowchart of an early warning method according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an early warning device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an early warning system according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a monitoring device in a monitoring method according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a monitoring device in a monitoring method according to another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments and their descriptions are used to explain this application, but are not intended to limit it.

[0018] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring this application with unnecessary details, only the structures and / or processing steps closely related to the solution according to this application are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not closely related to this application are omitted.

[0019] It should be emphasized that the term "including / comprises" as used herein refers to the presence of a feature, element, step, or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, steps, or components.

[0020] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the term "connection" in this article can refer not only to a direct connection, but also to an indirect connection involving an intermediary.

[0021] In the following description, embodiments of the present application will be illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same or similar parts, or the same or similar steps.

[0022] First, refer to Figure 1 This application describes a bridge bearing working condition early warning method 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the early warning method 100 may include steps S110 to S160. Specifically: In step S110, the type of bridge bearing to be evaluated is determined, and the defects affecting the function of the corresponding type of bridge bearing are obtained.

[0023] In step S120, a working condition evaluation index system for the corresponding type of bridge bearing is determined based on the acquired defects.

[0024] In step S130, the rating level of each rating indicator is obtained by classifying each rating indicator in the work condition rating index system according to the degree of damage.

[0025] In step S140, a representative value sequence of the monitoring values ​​of each evaluation indicator for the period to be evaluated is obtained, and the weight of each evaluation indicator is determined based on the representative value sequence.

[0026] In step S150, the overall score of the bridge bearing working condition is calculated based on the rating level and weight of each evaluation indicator.

[0027] In step S160, a dynamic early warning value corresponding to the evaluation period is obtained based on the traffic load borne by the bridge above the bridge bearings and the working time of the bridge bearings during the evaluation period; when the overall score of the working condition of the bridge bearings is greater than the dynamic early warning value, an early warning is triggered.

[0028] According to the early warning method of this application embodiment, a bridge bearing working condition evaluation index system is determined by analyzing the correlation between bearing defects and usage functions. Then, by combining the grading standards of each evaluation index and the weight of the bearing working condition evaluation index, an overall score of the bridge bearing working condition is objectively obtained. Finally, it is compared with the dynamic early warning value of the corresponding evaluation period to quickly achieve a more reasonable and accurate dynamic early warning.

[0029] The following will combine Figure 1 The above-described steps of the early warning method 100 according to the embodiments of this application are described in detail.

[0030] In the embodiments of this application, step S110 determines the type of bridge bearing to be evaluated and obtains the defects that affect the function of the corresponding type of bridge bearing.

[0031] Specifically, the first step is to determine the type of bridge bearing to be evaluated. After determining the type of bridge bearing, the defects affecting the function of the corresponding type of bridge bearing are identified.

[0032] Different types of bridge bearings will exhibit different defects affecting their functionality. For example, bridge bearings include plate bearings and pot bearings. Defects affecting the functionality of plate bearings include compressive deformation, shear deformation, cross-flow displacement, and voiding. Defects affecting the functionality of pot bearings include plate wear, excessive displacement, and excessive rotation.

[0033] In the embodiments of this application, step S120 determines the working condition evaluation index system of the corresponding type of bridge bearing based on the acquired defects.

[0034] Specifically, after identifying the defects affecting the function of the corresponding type of bridge bearing, an evaluation index system for the working condition of the corresponding type of bridge bearing is determined through analysis, logical reasoning, or finite element model simulation.

[0035] For example, the evaluation indicators for the working condition assessment system of plate bearings include vertical compression deformation, horizontal shear angle, lateral displacement, and clearance length. The evaluation indicators for the working condition assessment system of pot bearings include the exposed height of the sliding plate, horizontal displacement, and bearing rotation angle.

[0036] Among them, vertical compression deformation refers to the average vertical compression deformation of the support after it is subjected to force. Horizontal shear angle refers to the angle between the horizontal shear deformation of the rubber and the vertical angle. Traverse displacement refers to the horizontal misalignment of the support. Detachment length refers to the projected length of the support after it loses contact with the beam.

[0037] The exposed height of the slide plate refers to the height of the slide plate above the plane of the steel basin. Horizontal displacement refers to the horizontal displacement of the support. Support rotation angle refers to the angle of rotation of the support in the vertical plane.

[0038] In the embodiments of this application, step S130 involves obtaining the rating level of each rating indicator in the working condition assessment index system divided according to the degree of damage, based on the grading standard of each rating indicator.

[0039] Specifically, the grading criteria for each evaluation indicator can be determined based on relevant standards such as support design and maintenance, expert experience, finite element analysis, or test results. As needed, the grading criteria for each evaluation indicator in the working condition evaluation indicator system can be determined according to the degree of damage, thereby obtaining the evaluation level for each indicator.

[0040] For example, the evaluation level of bridge bearing working condition indicators can be divided into three levels: intact or slightly damaged (level 0), moderately damaged (level 1), and severely damaged (level 2). Tables 1 and 2 below show the grading standards for the working condition evaluation indicators of plate bearings and pot bearings, respectively.

[0041] Table 1 Table 2 In Table 1, t represents the total thickness of the rubber layer of the plate bearing.

[0042] In the embodiments of this application, step S140 obtains a representative value sequence of the monitoring values ​​of each evaluation indicator for the period to be evaluated, and determines the weight of each evaluation indicator based on the representative value sequence.

[0043] Specifically, bridge bearing monitoring data is collected in real time, and data from a certain time period (such as 1 day, 1 week, or 1 month) can be selected to evaluate the working condition of the bridge bearings.

[0044] Obtain the evaluation indicators for the period to be evaluated (e.g., 1 day). j The monitored values ​​are calculated by dividing the monitored values ​​into time intervals. For example, the average value of monitored values ​​over a 10-minute period is used as a representative value to form a representative value sequence, denoted as [missing value]. ,in Indicates the number of the period to be evaluated. One representative value, This indicates that there are a total of [number] time periods to be evaluated. One representative value, Indicators The Each representative value.

[0045] Data samples need to be normalized to ensure homogeneity among evaluation indicators. The range transformation method is used for data normalization, with representative values... The normalized value is expressed as The following formula can be used to calculate it. in, , These refer to the evaluation indicators. A series of representative values The maximum and minimum values ​​in; This refers to the total number of indicators for evaluating the working condition of bridge bearings. Taking the previous text as an example, regarding the indicators for evaluating the working condition of pot bearings, Take 3, which refers to three indicators: the exposed height of the slide plate after the support slide plate is worn, the horizontal displacement, and the support rotation angle.

[0046] Then, the information entropy of each evaluation indicator is calculated based on the normalized representative value. , in, Indicates the evaluation index after normalization. The Each representative value.

[0047] If a certain representative value of Then its information entropy value is considered to be .

[0048] The difference coefficient of each evaluation indicator is obtained based on the information entropy of the evaluation indicators. , The weight of each evaluation indicator is calculated based on the coefficient of variation of the evaluation indicators. , .

[0049] The method for obtaining the monitoring values ​​of each evaluation indicator during the evaluation period is not limited. This application will describe the monitoring method for obtaining the monitoring values ​​of each evaluation indicator during the evaluation period below, which enables a single monitoring device to monitor multiple indicators, and will not be described again here.

[0050] In the embodiments of this application, step S150 calculates the overall score of the bridge bearing working condition based on the rating level and weight of each evaluation index.

[0051] Specifically, the overall score for the working condition of the bridge bearings is calculated based on the rating level and weight of each evaluation indicator. in, Evaluation indicators The number of rating levels; This represents the maximum value within the range of assessment grades, corresponding to the grade corresponding to the greatest degree of damage. Continuing with the previous example, for the assessment indicators of the working condition of pot bearings, the number of assessment grades for each indicator... D j The value is 3, and the range of the rating levels for each rating indicator is 0~2, that is... b The value is 2. Of course, this is just an example; the rating levels and value ranges of the various evaluation indicators for the working condition of the pot bearing may differ.

[0052] In the embodiments of this application, in step S160, a dynamic early warning value corresponding to the evaluation period is obtained based on the traffic load borne by the bridge above the bridge bearing and the working time of the bridge bearing during the evaluation period; when the overall score of the working condition of the bridge bearing is greater than the dynamic early warning value, an early warning is triggered.

[0053] Specifically, depending on the evaluation period—as the performance of bridge bearings deteriorates during use, and the traffic load on the bridge also changes—conventional fixed threshold warnings will have significant deviations. Therefore, dynamic warning values ​​are needed for early warning of the working condition of bridge bearings.

[0054] The dynamic early warning value for the evaluation period is obtained based on the traffic load borne by the bridge above the bridge bearings and the working time of the bridge bearings. , in, It is the early warning threshold for the working condition of bridge bearings. It refers to the working time of bridge bearings. It refers to the design service life of bridge bearings. This is the bridge's actual average daily design traffic volume. It is the average daily design traffic volume of the bridge. , It is the weighting coefficient.

[0055] An early warning is triggered when the overall score of the bridge bearing working condition during the evaluation period exceeds the dynamic early warning value corresponding to the evaluation period.

[0056] Based on the above description, the beneficial effects achieved by the early warning method 100 according to the embodiments of this application include: 1. This application systematically analyzes the intrinsic relationship between bearing defects and their functions (such as load transfer and deformation adaptation), and determines multiple performance evaluation indicators for plate bearings and pot bearings. It can comprehensively evaluate the actual working condition of the bearings from the perspective of their functional essence, avoiding the one-sidedness of traditional methods that rely solely on apparent defects or single functional indicators, and significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation.

[0057] 2. This application objectively determines the weight of each evaluation indicator based on real-time monitoring data, overcoming the subjectivity of the traditional expert scoring method; at the same time, by combining the overall score of multiple evaluation indicators, it can quantitatively reflect the overall condition of the bearing under the coupled effects of multiple defects, which not only makes the evaluation results more objective and scientific, but also enables timely tracking of the working condition of the bearing by relying on high-frequency monitoring data, providing a dynamic and reliable basis for bridge bearing maintenance decisions.

[0058] 3. This application compares the overall score of the working condition of the bridge bearings with the dynamic early warning value of the corresponding non-fixed value for the evaluation period to achieve a more reasonable dynamic early warning.

[0059] refer to Figure 2An early warning device 200 for implementing the early warning method according to an embodiment of this application includes a processor 210 and a storage 220. The early warning device 200 may include one or more processors 210 and one or more storage devices 220. The storage device 220 stores an executable program that is run by the processor 210. When the executable program is run by the processor 210, it causes the processor 210 to execute the early warning method 100 described above according to an embodiment of this application.

[0060] The processor 210 may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other processing units with data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities.

[0061] The memory 220 may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc. One or more computer program instructions may be stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor 210 may execute the program instructions to implement the client functions (implemented by the processor) in the embodiments of this application described herein, and / or other desired functions. Various applications and various data may also be stored in the computer-readable storage medium, such as various data used and / or generated by the applications.

[0062] The warning device 200 may also include input and output devices, which are interconnected via a bus system and / or other forms of connection mechanisms. It should be noted that... Figure 2 The components and structure of the warning device 200 shown are merely exemplary and not limiting; the warning device 200 may also have other components and structures as needed.

[0063] The input device can be a device used by a user to input commands, and can include one or more of a keyboard, mouse, microphone, and touchscreen. Furthermore, the input device can also be any interface for receiving information.

[0064] The output device can output various information (e.g., images or sounds) to the outside (e.g., a user), and may include one or more of a display, speaker, etc. Furthermore, the output device can also be any other device with output functionality.

[0065] For example, the example warning device 200 for implementing the warning method 100 according to the embodiments of this application can be applied to terminal devices (such as mobile phones), tablet computers, laptop computers, ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPCs), handheld computers, netbooks, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wearable devices (such as smartwatches, smart glasses, or smart helmets), augmented reality (AR) devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, smart home devices, in-vehicle computers, and other electronic devices. The embodiments of this application do not impose any limitations on this.

[0066] Those skilled in the art can understand the specific operation of the warning device 200 for implementing the warning method 100 according to the embodiments of this application in conjunction with the content described above. For the sake of brevity, the specific details will not be repeated here, but only some main operations of the processor 210 will be described.

[0067] In one embodiment of this application, when the executable program is run by the processor 210, the processor 210 performs the following steps: The process involves determining the type of bridge bearing to be evaluated and identifying defects affecting the function of the corresponding type of bridge bearing; establishing a performance evaluation index system for the corresponding type of bridge bearing based on the identified defects; determining the grading standard for each evaluation index in the performance evaluation index system according to the degree of damage, and obtaining the evaluation level for each evaluation index; obtaining a representative value sequence of the monitoring values ​​for each evaluation index during the evaluation period, and determining the weight of each evaluation index based on the representative value sequence; calculating the overall performance score of the bridge bearing based on the evaluation level and weight of each evaluation index; obtaining the dynamic early warning value corresponding to the evaluation period based on the traffic load borne by the bridge above the bridge bearing and the working duration of the bridge bearing during the evaluation period; and triggering an early warning when the overall performance score of the bridge bearing exceeds the dynamic early warning value.

[0068] The above exemplarily illustrates a warning method 100 according to an embodiment of this application. The following, in conjunction with... Figure 3 This application describes an early warning system 300 provided in another aspect of its embodiments.

[0069] Reference Figure 3 This document describes an example early warning system 300 for implementing the early warning method of the embodiments of this application. The early warning system 300 may include a disease acquisition module 310, an indicator system determination module 320, a grading module 330, a weight determination module 340, a score calculation module 350, and an early warning module 360. Wherein: The defect acquisition module 310 is used to: determine the type of bridge bearing to be evaluated and acquire defects that affect the function of the corresponding type of bridge bearing.

[0070] The indicator system determination module 320 is used to: determine the corresponding type of bridge bearing working condition evaluation indicator system based on the acquired defects.

[0071] The grading module 330 is used to: determine the grading standard for each assessment indicator in the work condition assessment indicator system based on the degree of damage, and obtain the assessment level for each assessment indicator.

[0072] The weight determination module 340 is used to: obtain the representative value sequence of the monitoring values ​​of each evaluation indicator during the evaluation period, and determine the weight of each evaluation indicator based on the representative value sequence.

[0073] The scoring calculation module 350 is used to calculate the overall score of the bridge bearing working condition based on the rating level and weight of each evaluation indicator.

[0074] The early warning module 360 ​​is used to: obtain the dynamic early warning value corresponding to the evaluation period based on the traffic load borne by the bridge above the bridge bearings and the working time of the bridge bearings during the evaluation period; and trigger an early warning when the overall score of the bridge bearing working condition is greater than the dynamic early warning value.

[0075] The early warning system 300 proposed in this application embodiment can achieve rapid and accurate early warning of the working status of the support.

[0076] Furthermore, according to embodiments of this application, this application also provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is run by a processor, it is used to execute corresponding steps of the warning method 100 of this application. The storage medium may, for example, include a memory card of a smartphone, a storage component of a tablet computer, a hard disk of a personal computer, a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a USB memory, or any combination of the above storage media. The computer-readable storage medium may be any combination of one or more computer-readable storage media.

[0077] Furthermore, according to embodiments of this application, this application also provides a computer program product, including computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the early warning method of embodiments of this application.

[0078] In addition, the following combination Figure 4 This application describes a monitoring method provided in another aspect of its embodiments.

[0079] The monitoring method described herein is applied to plate bearings and can simultaneously monitor multiple evaluation indicators, namely, vertical compression deformation, horizontal shear angle, cross displacement, and clearance length of the bearing. This avoids the cumbersome and costly arrangement of multiple sensors in traditional methods. This integrated monitoring approach significantly reduces equipment investment and maintenance difficulty while ensuring comprehensive functionality, improving operability and economy in practical engineering. The monitoring device consists of displacement monitoring modules 11, 11', 12, and 13 (e.g., dial gauges) and two fixed bases 14 (which can be connected by bolt drilling-concrete, magnetic attraction-steel plate, etc.).

[0080] Specifically, the monitoring device includes fixed bases 14 erected on the left and right sides of the lower steel plate of the plate support. The measuring rod of the displacement monitoring module 11, which is installed at the top of the left fixed base, is vertically connected to the upper steel plate of the support. The measuring rod of the displacement monitoring module 11', which is installed at the top of the right fixed base, is vertically connected to the upper steel plate of the support.

[0081] On the right-side fixed base, displacement monitoring modules are installed at designated upper and lower measuring points on the side wall near the plate support. The measuring rods of the displacement monitoring modules at the upper and lower measuring points are horizontally connected to the rubber layer of the plate support.

[0082] Based on the aforementioned monitoring device, displacement monitoring module 11 and displacement monitoring module 11' are respectively used to monitor the compressive deformation of bridge bearings. The displacement monitoring module 12 at the upper measuring point and the displacement monitoring module 13 at the lower measuring point are used to monitor the horizontal deformation of the bridge bearings, respectively. The monitoring method yielded the following data: In addition, the following combination Figure 5 This application describes a monitoring method provided in another aspect of its embodiments.

[0083] The monitoring method is applied to pot bearings. This method includes a monitoring device capable of simultaneously monitoring multiple evaluation indicators, namely, the exposed height of the sliding plate, horizontal displacement, and bearing rotation angle. The monitoring device consists of displacement monitoring modules 21 and 22 (e.g., dial gauges) and two fixed bases 24 (connected by bolt drilling-concrete, magnetic attraction-steel plate, etc.).

[0084] Specifically, the monitoring device includes fixed bases 24 erected on the left and right sides of the lower steel plate of the pot-type support. The measuring rod of the displacement monitoring module 21, which is installed at the top of the left fixed base, is vertically connected to the upper steel plate of the support, and the measuring rod of the displacement monitoring module 22, which is installed at the top of the right fixed base, is vertically connected to the upper steel plate of the support. On the right side of the fixed base, a displacement monitoring module 23 is set at a set measuring point on the side wall away from the pot support. The end of the measuring rod of the horizontally extended displacement monitoring module 23 is vertically connected to the steel plate on the support via a vertical connecting rod. Based on the aforementioned monitoring device, displacement monitoring module 21 and displacement monitoring module 22 are respectively used to monitor the vertical displacement of the support. The displacement monitoring module 23 is used to monitor the horizontal displacement of the support. x The monitoring method yielded the following data: Although exemplary embodiments have been described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the above exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of this application. All such changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this application as claimed in the appended claims.

[0085] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0086] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another device, or some features may be ignored or not executed.

[0087] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments described herein include certain features but not others included in other embodiments, combinations of features from different embodiments are intended to be within the scope of this application and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any one of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

[0088] It should be noted that the above embodiments are illustrative of this application and not limiting of it, and that those skilled in the art can devise alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses should not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. This application can be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc., does not indicate any order. These words can be interpreted as names.

[0089] The above description is merely a specific embodiment or illustration of the embodiments of this application. The scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. The scope of protection of this application shall be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for early warning of the working condition of bridge bearings, characterized in that, The early warning method includes: Determine the type of bridge bearing to be evaluated and obtain the defects that affect the function of the corresponding type of bridge bearing; Based on the acquired defects, a corresponding indicator system for evaluating the working condition of bridge bearings was determined. The rating level of each rating indicator is obtained by using the grading standard of each rating indicator in the work condition assessment index system based on the degree of damage. Obtain the representative value sequence of the monitoring values ​​of each evaluation indicator for the period to be evaluated, and determine the weight of each evaluation indicator based on the representative value sequence; The overall score for the working condition of bridge bearings is calculated based on the rating level and weight of each evaluation indicator. The dynamic early warning value for the period to be evaluated is obtained based on the traffic load borne by the bridge above the bridge bearings and the working time of the bridge bearings. When the overall score of the working condition of the bridge bearings is greater than the dynamic early warning value, an early warning is triggered.

2. The early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the weight of each evaluation indicator based on the representative value sequence specifically refers to: Perform data normalization on each representative value in the representative value sequence; The information entropy of each evaluation indicator is calculated based on the normalized representative value. , in, Indicates the evaluation index after normalization. The One representative value, ; The difference coefficient of each evaluation indicator is obtained based on the information entropy of the evaluation indicators. , The weight of each evaluation indicator is calculated based on the coefficient of variation of the evaluation indicators. , 。 3. The early warning method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation of the overall score for the working condition of bridge bearings based on the rating level and weight of each evaluation indicator specifically refers to: in, Evaluation indicators The number of rating levels; It is the maximum value in the range of assessment levels, corresponding to the level when the degree of damage is greatest.

4. The early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic early warning value for the evaluation period is obtained based on the traffic load borne by the bridge above the bridge bearings and the working time of the bridge bearings. Specifically, it refers to: in, It is the early warning threshold for the working condition of bridge bearings. It refers to the working time of bridge bearings. It refers to the design service life of bridge bearings. This is the bridge's actual average daily design traffic volume. It is the average daily design traffic volume of the bridge. , It is the weighting coefficient.

5. The early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The types of bridge bearings to be evaluated include plate bearings and pot bearings. The defects affecting the function of plate bearings include compression deformation, shear deformation, cross displacement and voiding. The defects affecting the function of pot bearings include sliding plate wear, excessive displacement and excessive rotation. The evaluation indicators for the working condition assessment system of plate bearings include vertical compression deformation, horizontal shear angle, lateral displacement, and free length. The evaluation indicators for the working condition assessment system of pot bearings include the exposed height of the sliding plate, horizontal displacement, and bearing rotation angle.

6. The early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtain a representative value sequence of the monitoring values ​​of each evaluation indicator for the period to be evaluated, where each representative value in the representative value sequence is the average value of the monitoring values ​​divided into time periods according to the time sequence.

7. A bridge bearing working condition early warning device, characterized in that, The early warning device includes: Memory is used to store executable instructions for a computer; A processor, when executing computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, implements the early warning method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein, The computer instructions are used to cause the computer to execute the early warning method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A multi-functional monitoring method for the working condition of bridge bearings used in the early warning method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The monitoring method is applied to plate bearings and includes a monitoring device; the monitoring device includes: Fixed bases (14) are erected on the left and right sides of the lower steel plate of the plate support respectively; the measuring rod of the displacement monitoring module (11) set to the top of the left fixed base is vertically connected to the upper steel plate of the support, and the measuring rod of the displacement monitoring module (11') set to the top of the right fixed base is vertically connected to the upper steel plate of the support. On the right side of the fixed base, displacement monitoring modules are set at the upper and lower measuring points on the side wall near the plate support. The measuring rods of the displacement monitoring modules at the upper and lower measuring points are horizontally connected to the rubber layer of the plate support. Based on the above monitoring device, the displacement monitoring module (11) and the displacement monitoring module (11') are respectively used to monitor the compressive deformation of the bridge bearing. The displacement monitoring module (12) at the upper measuring point and the displacement monitoring module (13) at the lower measuring point are used to monitor the horizontal deformation of the bridge bearings, respectively. The monitoring method acquires the following data: Vertical compressive deformation Horizontal shear angle Continuous displacement Length of empty space .

10. A multi-functional monitoring method for the working condition of bridge bearings used in the early warning method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The monitoring method is applied to pot bearings and includes a monitoring device; the monitoring device includes: Fixed bases (24) are erected on the left and right sides of the lower steel plate of the pot bearing respectively; the measuring rod of the displacement monitoring module (21) set to the top of the fixed base on the left is vertically connected to the upper steel plate of the bearing, and the measuring rod of the displacement monitoring module (22) set to the top of the fixed base on the right is vertically connected to the upper steel plate of the bearing. On the right side of the fixed base, a displacement monitoring module (23) is set at a set measuring point on the side wall away from the pot support. The end of the measuring rod of the horizontally extended displacement monitoring module (23) is vertically connected to the steel plate on the support via a vertical connecting rod. Based on the above monitoring device, the displacement monitoring module (21) and the displacement monitoring module (22) are respectively used to monitor the vertical displacement of the support. The displacement monitoring module (23) is used to monitor the horizontal displacement of the support. The monitoring method acquires the following data: Skateboard Exposed Height Horizontal displacement Support corner .

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