A high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device, relating to the field of power electronic control technology. The device includes: a control unit configured to output a trigger control signal via a single control pin; a drive circuit including a control switch Q1 and multiple fiber optic transmitters U1 physically connected in series; a transmission branch composed of multiple series-connected fiber optic transmitters U1, connected in parallel with the control switch Q1 in a power supply circuit to synchronously control the extinction or emission states of all fiber optic transmitters U1 in the transmission branch; wherein, when the control switch Q1 experiences a short-circuit failure, or any fiber optic transmitter U1 experiences an open-circuit failure, all fiber optic transmitters U1 in the transmission branch synchronously enter an extinction state, thereby synchronously turning off multiple high-voltage power switching devices. This invention aims to reduce the number of high-voltage power supplies and solve the problem of rapid synchronous control and protection under multi-transistor parallel connection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power electronic control technology, and in particular to a high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device. Background Technology

[0002] Auxiliary heating systems in nuclear fusion experimental devices such as tokamak devices require independent high-voltage power supplies, and each power supply typically needs to drive multiple gyrotrons, specifically klystrons, operating in parallel. As the power levels of auxiliary heating continue to increase, the number of high-voltage power supplies required gradually increases, resulting in large system footprints and high costs. In existing power supply designs, power output regulation under multi-tube parallel operation is not flexible enough, and rapid control and protection mechanisms have limitations.

[0003] Traditional control schemes often use multiple FPGA pins to control multiple fiber optic transceivers. This point-to-point control method is prone to inconsistencies in the turn-on times of different power devices due to software errors or signal transmission delays. In series high-voltage applications, this can easily cause uneven voltage distribution and lead to device breakdown. In addition, existing systems lack sufficient self-healing protection capabilities when control components fail, making it difficult to ensure that all power transistors turn off synchronously at the moment of failure.

[0004] Therefore, how to reduce the number of high-voltage power supplies and solve the problem of rapid synchronous control and protection under multiple parallel connections has become an urgent technical challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device, which aims to reduce the number of high-voltage power supplies and solve the problem of rapid synchronous control and protection under multiple parallel connections.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device, comprising: The control unit is configured to output a trigger control signal via a single control pin. The driving circuit includes a control switch Q1 and multiple fiber optic transmitters U1 physically connected in series. A transmission branch consisting of multiple fiber optic transmitters U1 connected in series is connected in parallel with the control switch Q1 in a power supply circuit, so that the trigger control signal can synchronously control the extinction or emission state of all fiber optic transmitters U1 in the transmission branch by switching the control switch Q1 on and off. The transmitting branch is configured to be optically connected to multiple high-voltage power switching devices, and each of the fiber optic transmitters U1 is connected to a light-triggered driving module to drive the corresponding high-voltage power switching device. When the control switch Q1 fails due to a short circuit or any of the fiber optic transmitters U1 fails due to an open circuit, all fiber optic transmitters U1 in the transmission branch are simultaneously put into an extinction state so that the multiple high-voltage power switching devices are simultaneously turned off.

[0007] Preferably, the high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device includes twenty-four high-voltage power switching devices connected in series; the static forward withstand voltage of the high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device is... Switch action time .

[0008] Preferably, the high-voltage power switching device is of the following model: Its static reverse withstand voltage is .

[0009] Preferably, the high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device is provided with a potential balance line; the potential balance line is configured to connect only across the four high-voltage power switching devices, so that the potential difference between two adjacent potential balance lines is not greater than 15 kV.

[0010] Preferably, the potential balance wire adopts an insulation class of High-voltage silicone wire.

[0011] Preferably, each of the high-voltage power switching devices is provided with an online monitoring circuit board connected in parallel; the online monitoring circuit board is configured to detect the blocking voltage across the high-voltage power switching device when the high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device is in the blocking state.

[0012] Preferably, the control unit determines the failure status of the high-voltage power switching device based on the detection results of the online monitoring circuit board: if the blocking voltage is detected, the high-voltage power switching device is determined to be normal; if the blocking voltage is not detected, the high-voltage power switching device is determined to have a short-circuit failure.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes an environmental monitoring module, which includes fan fault detection hardware and fiber optic temperature measurement module; the fan fault detection hardware is used to monitor the operating status of the fan inside the device, and the fiber optic temperature measurement module is used to monitor the real-time temperature of the high-voltage power switching device.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a current protection module, and the control unit includes a sampling circuit with analog-to-digital conversion function; the sampling circuit is configured to sample the main circuit current where the high-voltage power switching device is located in real time, so that the control unit performs overcurrent protection for a duration of more than 1 second based on the sampling result.

[0015] Preferably, the high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device is applied to the auxiliary heating high-voltage power supply system of the tokamak device to drive at least two gyroscopes to operate in parallel.

[0016] The above technical solution has the following advantages: This invention eliminates the risk of program miswriting and signal synchronization delay caused by multi-pin control by outputting a trigger signal through a single control pin of the control unit, ensuring absolute synchronization of all subsequent branch actions. The drive circuit employs a topology of a control switch connected in parallel with multiple physically connected fiber optic transmitters, achieving a unique fail-safe protection function. When the control switch fails due to a short circuit, the current is shorted, causing the fiber optic transmitter connected in parallel to it to automatically extinguish. When any fiber optic transmitter fails due to an open circuit, because all fiber optic transmitters are physically connected in series on the same path, the entire series link cannot form a loop, thus causing all transmitters to extinguish synchronously. This design ensures that all high-voltage power switching devices can be synchronously turned off in the event of a critical drive component failure, effectively avoiding the risk of high-voltage overvoltage breakdown caused by a single transistor being turned on, and improving the operational reliability and maintenance efficiency of the power system of the nuclear fusion experimental device. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary heating high-voltage power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch and a single module structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 The driving circuit logic diagram provided for the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. In the following, a specific embodiment will be described in conjunction with the appendix... Figures 1 to 3 This application provides a detailed description of a high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device.

[0021] In the auxiliary heating system of a nuclear fusion experimental device such as a tokamak, the auxiliary heating system is a crucial component, with each subsystem equipped with an independent high-voltage power supply. Due to the continuous increase in auxiliary heating power levels, the required number of high-voltage power supplies is gradually increasing, with each power supply needing to drive multiple load transistors in parallel operation. These load transistors can be gyrotrons or klystrons. Under current technological configurations, each power supply typically requires a dedicated solid-state switch branch. This not only results in a large footprint and high cost for the high-voltage power supply system, but more importantly, achieving rapid synchronous control and effective self-healing protection in case of device failure during multi-transistor parallel operation is a key challenge currently facing the field of high-voltage auxiliary heating power supplies. This embodiment provides a high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device. By designing a switch network, it enables a single power supply to drive multiple gyrotrons, reducing the number of high-voltage power supplies. This aims to solve the problem of rapid control and protection under multi-transistor parallel operation, thereby effectively addressing the optimization configuration problem of an auxiliary heating system for a next-generation device.

[0022] The core of this high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device includes a control unit. This control unit preferably employs a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) with high-speed logic processing capabilities. In traditional designs, to drive twenty-four high-voltage power switching devices, the control unit typically needs to extend twenty-four independent pins, each controlled by a program to connect to one of twenty-four fiber optic transmitters. This point-to-point control method has significant vulnerabilities in software programming. If the software is miswritten, some pins may output signals while others do not, resulting in inconsistent switching or minute nanosecond delays between pins. In high-voltage series applications, this can lead to severely uneven voltage distribution and even breakdown of power devices. To eliminate this risk of inconsistent switching at its physical source, the control unit in this embodiment is configured to output a trigger control signal through a single control pin. Controlling all subsequent branches through a single pin ensures absolute synchronization of the trigger pulses in the time dimension, avoiding risks caused by software miswriting and greatly improving the reliability of the switch operation.

[0023] The device further includes a drive circuit, which is the core component for realizing control signal transmission and failure protection. Specifically, the drive circuit includes a control switch Q1 and multiple fiber optic transmitters U1 physically connected in series. The transmission branch, composed of multiple series-connected fiber optic transmitters U1, is connected in parallel with the control switch Q1 in a power supply circuit. In this embodiment, there are twenty-four fiber optic transmitters U1, which are connected end-to-end according to circuit logic to form a closed series link. The control switch Q1 can specifically be a power MOSFET, with its drain connected to the high-potential end of the transmission branch and its source connected to the low-potential end of the transmission branch, thus forming a parallel topology between the control switch Q1 and the transmission branch.

[0024] This parallel connection logic achieves a unique reverse control effect, namely, using a trigger control signal to synchronously control the extinction or emission state of all fiber optic transmitters U1 in the transmitting branch by switching the control switch Q1 on and off. The specific working process is as follows: When a single pin of the control unit outputs a low level, the control switch Q1 is turned off, and the current in the power supply circuit flows through the transmitting branch, causing the twenty-four series-connected fiber optic transmitters U1 to simultaneously receive current and emit light synchronously. When the control unit outputs a high-level signal to saturate and turn on the control switch Q1, due to the extremely low on-state voltage drop of the MOSFET, most of the current flows through the control switch Q1 branch, thus short-circuiting the transmitting branch and causing all fiber optic transmitters U1 to simultaneously extinguish.

[0025] This circuit structure exhibits superior safety in failure modes. First, if the control switch Q1 fails, the MOSFET controlling the fiber optic transmitter typically short-circuits when it fails. This characteristic causes all fiber optic transmitters connected in parallel to it to automatically extinguish due to current shorting, thus turning off all IGBTs. Normally, when the MOSFET is turned off, all IGBTs are on; once the MOSFET fails, the IGBTs automatically turn off. Second, since all fiber optic transmitters U1 are physically connected in series on the same path, and fiber optic transmitters are typically open-circuit and no longer emit light when they fail, this characteristic ensures that if any one fiber optic transmitter U1 fails due to aging, burnout, or poor soldering, the entire transmitting branch will not form a loop, and all fiber optic transmitters U1 will extinguish simultaneously. This characteristic of all fibers extinguishing synchronously ensures that multiple high-voltage power switching devices connected to it for optical communication can be turned off synchronously, avoiding the risk of high-voltage overvoltage breakdown caused by a single transistor being turned on.

[0026] The high-voltage power switching devices in this device are specifically TIM750ASM65 IGBT modules, with a total of twenty-four modules connected in series, using a 24-series connection. Each high-voltage power switching device is connected to a light-triggered drive module, which receives optical signals from the corresponding fiber optic transmitter U1. The entire device has a static forward withstand voltage of 90kV, a static reverse voltage of 0V, a switch insulation withstand voltage of 90kV, and a switching action time ≤10μs. At such high voltage levels, internal potential balance is crucial. In the original design, the potentials of two lines spanning 12 devices were close together, and high-voltage silicone wire with a withstand voltage of 30kV was used, making the wires highly susceptible to breakdown. To optimize this issue, in this embodiment, the potential balance lines are configured to connect only four high-voltage power switching devices, keeping the voltage imbalance coefficient ≤0.2. By reducing the span, the potential difference between adjacent potential balance lines is maintained within a safe range of no more than 15kV. Meanwhile, the potential balance line was replaced with a high-voltage silicone wire with an insulation class of 50kV, providing sufficient insulation margin and ensuring safe operation in extreme environments.

[0027] Example 2, building upon Example 1, further optimizes the online failure detection scheme for high-voltage power switching devices to improve maintenance convenience and operational transparency. In ultra-high voltage applications, since twenty-four high-voltage power switching devices are connected in series, if one device fails due to a short circuit, the remaining devices will bear a higher voltage proportion, leading to voltage imbalance over long-term operation. Therefore, an online monitoring circuit board is connected in parallel to each high-voltage power switching device. This circuit board is configured to detect the blocking voltage across the high-voltage power switching device in real time when the high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device is in a blocking state.

[0028] The control unit determines the failure status of the high-voltage power switching device based on the detection results fed back from the online monitoring circuit board. The specific determination logic is as follows: when the entire device is under a blocking command and a high voltage is applied across the switch, if the online monitoring circuit board detects the presence of the blocking voltage, it determines that the corresponding high-voltage power switching device is operating normally, i.e., the IGBT blocking is normal; if the blocking voltage is not detected, i.e., the voltage disappears, it determines that the high-voltage power switching device has experienced a short circuit failure. This diagnostic method based on hardware voltage detection can quickly locate faulty devices and achieve fault diagnosis without disassembling the equipment, significantly improving the maintenance efficiency of the high-voltage power supply system of the nuclear fusion experimental device.

[0029] To ensure environmental safety within the sealed high-voltage enclosure, this embodiment also integrates an environmental monitoring module. This module includes fan fault detection hardware and fiber optic temperature measurement module hardware. The fan fault detection hardware monitors the rotational speed and operating current of the internal fan to prevent heat dissipation failure due to fan stoppage. The fiber optic temperature measurement module monitors the real-time temperature of the high-voltage power switching devices and performs internal over-temperature detection. In the extremely high-voltage environment of 90kV, conventional thermistors or thermocouples are susceptible to strong electromagnetic interference and pose insulation risks. This embodiment uses fiber optics as the temperature measurement medium, achieving complete electrical isolation and ensuring the accuracy and safety of temperature monitoring.

[0030] To address the persistent overcurrent issue that may occur during high-power load operation, the high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device in this embodiment is also equipped with a current protection module to support long-term overcurrent detection and protection. The control unit has undergone hardware upgrades, with a redesigned control board hardware that includes a sampling circuit with analog-to-digital (AD) conversion functionality. The sampling circuit is configured to sample the current in the power supply circuit in real time and convert the sampled analog signal into a high-precision digital signal, which is then fed back to the FPGA. The control unit executes overcurrent protection for a duration exceeding 1 second based on the sampling results. Compared to traditional millisecond-level instantaneous overcurrent protection, this novel AD sampling-based control scheme supports long-term overcurrent detection, effectively preventing system thermal accumulation damage due to load fluctuations.

[0031] In terms of structural layout, this device fully considers insulation design under extreme voltage conditions. As mentioned earlier, the high-voltage power switching device uses twenty-four TIM750ASM65 modules connected in series, with a steady-state forward current design of 100A, capable of supporting the long-term stable output power of the tokamak device's auxiliary heating system. When faced with sudden fault currents or surge impacts, the device's short-time overload current capability reaches 1kA and can be maintained for 1ms, ensuring that the power devices are not broken down by instantaneous large currents under extreme experimental conditions. The potential balance line design employs an optimized crossing scheme, combined with a reasonable creepage distance design within the device, completely resolving the discharge faults caused by wire breakdown in the original design.

[0032] The high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device provided in this application is ultimately applied to the auxiliary heating high-voltage power supply system of a tokamak device to drive at least two gyroscopes to operate in parallel. By using a single high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch, rapid synchronous control and self-healing protection for multiple tubes in parallel are achieved. This provides significant technical advantages in reducing the number of high-voltage power supplies, lowering the system footprint, and reducing costs, thus providing core technical support for the optimized configuration of auxiliary heating systems for next-generation nuclear fusion devices.

[0033] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device, characterized in that, include: The control unit is configured to output a trigger control signal via a single control pin. The driving circuit includes a control switch Q1 and multiple fiber optic transmitters U1 physically connected in series. A transmission branch consisting of multiple fiber optic transmitters U1 connected in series is connected in parallel with the control switch Q1 in a power supply circuit, so that the trigger control signal can synchronously control the extinction or emission state of all fiber optic transmitters U1 in the transmission branch by switching the control switch Q1 on and off. The transmitting branch is configured to be optically connected to multiple high-voltage power switching devices, and each of the fiber optic transmitters U1 is connected to a light-triggered driving module to drive the corresponding high-voltage power switching device. When the control switch Q1 fails due to a short circuit or any of the fiber optic transmitters U1 fails due to an open circuit, all fiber optic transmitters U1 in the transmission branch are simultaneously put into an extinction state so that the multiple high-voltage power switching devices are simultaneously turned off.

2. The high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device includes twenty-four high-voltage power switching devices connected in series; the static forward withstand voltage of the high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device is... Switching action time .

3. The high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The model of the high-voltage power switching device is Its static reverse withstand voltage is .

4. The high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device is equipped with a potential balance line; the potential balance line is configured to connect only across the four high-voltage power switching devices, so that the potential difference between two adjacent potential balance lines is no greater than 15 kV.

5. The high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The potential balance wire adopts an insulation class of [insulation class missing]. High-voltage silicone wire.

6. The high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Each of the high-voltage power switching devices is provided with an online monitoring circuit board connected in parallel; the online monitoring circuit board is configured to detect the blocking voltage across the high-voltage power switching device when the high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device is in the blocking state.

7. The high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control unit determines the failure status of the high-voltage power switching device based on the detection results of the online monitoring circuit board: if the blocking voltage is detected, the high-voltage power switching device is determined to be normal. If the blocking voltage is not detected, the high-voltage power switching device is determined to have suffered a short-circuit failure.

8. The high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an environmental monitoring module, which includes fan fault detection hardware and fiber optic temperature measurement module; the fan fault detection hardware is used to monitor the operating status of the fan inside the device, and the fiber optic temperature measurement module is used to monitor the real-time temperature of the high-voltage power switching device.

9. The high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a current protection module, and the control unit includes a sampling circuit with analog-to-digital conversion function; the sampling circuit is configured to sample the main circuit current where the high-voltage power switching device is located in real time, so that the control unit can perform overcurrent protection for a duration of more than 1 second based on the sampling result.

10. The high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-voltage DC fully controlled solid-state switch control device is applied to the auxiliary heating high-voltage power supply system of the tokamak device to drive at least two gyroscopes to operate in parallel.

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