A welding auxiliary device and method for long-span steel structure construction

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of welding equipment, and particularly relates to a welding auxiliary device and method for large-span steel structure construction, which comprises two sliding seats, two protective covers, a cooling cavity and a welding gun assembly. The two sliding seats are symmetrically arranged at the bottom side of a mounting frame and are located on the two sides of a splicing point of an upper wing plate to be welded. The upper side of each protective cover is provided with an extension plate, the extension plate is hingedly connected with the two sliding seats respectively, and an avoiding groove opposite to a welding operation gap is formed in the middle part of the extension plate. When the two protective covers are turned down to the bottom side of the sliding seat and approach each other, the inner wall of the protective cover, the side surface of a web plate and the side surface of the upper wing plate jointly form a closed or semi-closed cooling cavity. The welding gun assembly is used for welding the splicing point of the upper wing plate. Through node optimization, the welding of a lower wing plate is eliminated by cooperating with the auxiliary device, the construction difficulty is reduced, the welding deformation is controlled, the bolt pre-tension is protected, the node bearing capacity is ensured not to be reduced, high-altitude narrow spaces are adapted, and the construction safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of welding equipment technology, and in particular relates to a welding auxiliary device and method for the construction of large-span steel structures. Background Technology

[0002] Large-span steel structures are widely used in construction fields such as stadiums, convention centers, airport terminals, and industrial plants due to their advantages of light weight, high strength, and fast construction speed. These structures are usually assembled on-site from multiple H-shaped steel beams, and the construction quality of the connection nodes directly affects the safety and durability of the overall structure.

[0003] Currently, there are two main methods for on-site splicing of H-shaped steel beams: full bolt connection and bolt-welded hybrid connection.

[0004] While fully bolted connections offer convenient construction and controllable quality, their relatively low joint stiffness makes them unsuitable for large-span, heavy-load conditions. Therefore, a hybrid bolted-welded connection has become the mainstream solution: high-strength bolts are used for the web, while welding is employed for the upper and lower flanges. This approach combines the ease of construction of bolted connections with the stiffness advantages of welded connections.

[0005] However, in actual construction, traditional bolt-weld hybrid connections have the following technical bottlenecks:

[0006] 1. The lower flange is difficult to weld and the quality is hard to control. The lower flange of the H-beam is located at the bottom of the structure, requiring overhead welding. In the construction of large-span steel structures, the steel beams are often located at high altitudes with narrow spaces below, making it difficult for welders to enter or work for extended periods. This results in: difficulty in overhead welding formation, high welding risks, and a tendency to produce defects such as weld beads and incomplete fusion.

[0007] 2. Welding heat-affected zone leads to loss of bolt preload. Under the "bolt first, weld later" process sequence, a large amount of heat generated during flange welding is conducted through the web to the already tightened high-strength bolts. Studies have shown that bolts within 100mm of the weld can experience a preload loss of 10%-20%, severely impacting the joint's load-bearing capacity and structural safety. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the technical problems existing in the background art, the present invention provides a welding auxiliary device and method for the construction of large-span steel structures.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: A welding auxiliary device for the construction of large-span steel structures is used for welding the upper flange of an H-shaped steel beam. The H-shaped steel beam includes a web and flanges disposed on the upper and lower sides of the web. When two H-shaped steel beams are spliced, the lower flange and the web are connected by bolts, and the upper flange is connected by welding. The device includes: The mounting bracket is located on the upper side of the upper wing plate; Two sliding seats are symmetrically arranged on the bottom side of the mounting frame, and the two sliding seats are spaced at a fixed distance to form a welding operation notch. The two sliding seats are located on both sides of the splicing point of the upper wing plate to be welded, and each sliding seat slides in contact with the upper surface of the upper wing plate. Two protective covers are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the welding operation notch. An extension plate is provided on the upper side of the protective cover. The extension plate is hinged to two sliding seats respectively. An avoidance groove is opened in the middle of the extension plate, which is directly opposite to the welding operation notch. When the two protective covers are flipped down to the bottom of the sliding seat and approach each other, the inner wall of the protective cover, together with the side of the web plate and the side of the upper wing plate, forms a closed or semi-closed cooling cavity, which covers the web plate area near the splicing point of the upper wing plate. The welding torch assembly is mounted on the mounting frame and located in the welding operation notch and clearance groove, and is used to weld the splice of the upper wing plate.

[0010] Optionally, the system includes an operating frame installed on a floor slab, with building walls on both sides of the floor slab. A supporting top plate is installed at the top of the operating frame, and several jacks are spaced apart on the supporting top plate. The H-shaped steel beam is supported on the jacks and the building walls.

[0011] Optionally, two fixed guide rails are spaced apart on the support top plate, a first lifting mechanism is provided on the bottom side of the operating frame, and a movable guide rail is provided on the upper side of the first lifting mechanism. The first lifting mechanism is used to drive the movable guide rail to rise and connect with the fixed guide rails on both sides. A trolley body is slidably provided on the fixed guide rails and the movable guide rails. A rotating mechanism is provided on the trolley body, and a second lifting mechanism is provided on the rotating mechanism. The second lifting mechanism is connected to the mounting frame.

[0012] Optionally, the mounting bracket is configured in a V shape, with a transverse stiffener in the middle and an adjustment component on the bottom side of the transverse stiffener. The adjustment component is connected to the welding torch assembly to enable the welding torch assembly to move and weld.

[0013] Optionally, a T-shaped wheel is rotatably mounted on the bottom side of the sliding seat, and the wheel is fitted onto the upper wing plate.

[0014] Optionally, the inner side of the protective cover is provided with a first contact surface and a second contact surface that are perpendicular to each other, and the inner side of the extension plate is provided with a third contact surface; when the two protective covers are flipped down to the bottom side of the sliding seat and approach each other, the first contact surface rotates to a vertical state and contacts the side wall of the web plate, the second contact surface rotates to a horizontal state and contacts the bottom wall of the upper wing plate, and the third contact surface rotates to a vertical state and contacts the outer wall of the upper wing plate.

[0015] Optionally, a first connecting steel plate is provided on both sides of the web plate mating, and the first connecting steel plate and the web plate are connected by a first bolt assembly; a second connecting steel plate is integrally extended from the bottom side of the first connecting steel plate, the second connecting steel plate is closely attached to the upper surface of the lower wing plate, and a third connecting steel plate is provided on the bottom side of the lower wing plate mating, and the second connecting steel plate, the lower wing plate and the third connecting steel plate are connected by a second bolt assembly.

[0016] Optionally, the bottom side of the protective cover is provided with an air inlet connector, and the inner side of the first contact surface is provided with a slot corresponding to the first connecting steel plate; when the first contact surface is rotated to a vertical state and is in contact with the side wall of the web plate, the first connecting steel plate is placed in the slot; when the third contact surface is rotated to a vertical state and is in contact with the outer side wall of the upper wing plate, the clearance groove and the upper wing plate form an air outlet, and the upper side of the air outlet is the butt welding area of ​​the upper wing plate.

[0017] Optionally, three H-shaped steel beams are spliced ​​together to form a large-span H-shaped steel beam, and two large-span H-shaped steel beams are connected by crossbeams to form a large-span steel structure; the second lifting mechanism is located between the two large-span H-shaped steel beams.

[0018] A method for a welding auxiliary device for the construction of a large-span steel structure, comprising the following steps: S1, hoisting and initial positioning: Using hoisting equipment, the three H-beams are hoisted sequentially to the top of the building wall. The middle H-beam is supported by jacks, while the other two H-beams are supported by jacks and the building wall. The height of the jacks is adjusted to align the ends of the three H-beams, and the lower flange and web are connected by bolts to form a large-span H-beam. S2, Welding device in place: Control the second lifting mechanism to rise, so that the sliding seat is above the upper flange of the large-span H-shaped steel beam; Control the rotating mechanism to rotate, so that the sliding seat is aligned with the splicing point of the upper flange; Control the second lifting mechanism to fall, so that the sliding seat is placed on the upper surface of the upper flange and slides to adjust to the preset position on both sides of the splicing point. S3, Cooling cavity formation: Control the two protective covers to flip down to the bottom of the sliding seat and move closer to each other, so that the inner wall of the protective cover, the side of the web plate, and the side of the upper wing plate together form a closed or semi-closed cooling cavity. S4, Pre-cooling: Cooling medium is introduced into the cooling cavity through the air inlet connector to pre-cool the web and upper flange near the welding area; S5, Welding operation: In the clearance groove and welding operation gap, control the welding torch assembly to move along the splice of the upper wing plate to perform welding, while maintaining the flow of cooling medium. S6, Post-weld cooling: After welding is completed, continue to supply cooling medium until the temperature of the welding area drops below the set threshold. S7, Device Reset: Stop the supply of cooling medium, control the protective cover to flip upwards and reset, control the second lifting mechanism to rise so that the sliding seat is disengaged from the upper wing plate, and complete the welding of the splice point.

[0019] The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: 1. Solve the welding problem of the lower flange. By optimizing the node connection method, the traditional "welding of upper and lower flanges" is changed to "welding of the upper flange and bolting of the lower flange and web plate," completely avoiding overhead welding of the lower flange and allowing all welding to be completed on the upper flange, significantly reducing construction difficulty and quality risks. At the same time, this connection method only requires welding and protective devices to be installed on the upper side, greatly reducing welding and protection difficulties and ensuring welding quality.

[0020] 2. Solve the problem of damage to bolt preload caused by the heat-affected zone of welding. By setting up a flip-up protective cover near the welding area, forming a cooling cavity with the side wall of the web and upper flange, and introducing a cooling medium during the welding process, the heat is actively carried away, keeping the temperature of the web and nearby bolts within a safe range and effectively protecting the bolt preload.

[0021] 3. Solve the problem of difficult welding operations in confined spaces at high altitudes. The design features a sliding mounting bracket that can slide along the upper wing plate for positioning, eliminating the need for complex adjustments at high altitudes. The protective cover adopts a hinged flip structure that can quickly close during welding to form a cooling cavity, and flip upwards for storage after welding, without taking up extra space. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is one of the structural diagrams of the welding auxiliary device of the present invention installed on a floor slab. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Left view; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point c in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion at point d in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 2A magnified view of a section at point e in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 2 Top view; Figure 7 for Figure 3 Structural diagram showing the rotating protective shield that tightly adheres to the web plate for protection; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A cross-sectional view showing the rotating protective shield tightly fitted to the web plate. Figure 9 for Figure 8 A magnified view of a portion of point g in the middle; Figure 10 This is the second structural diagram of the welding auxiliary device of the present invention installed on the floor slab. Figure 11 for Figure 10 A magnified view of a portion at point f. Figure 12 This is one of the structural diagrams of the welding auxiliary device of the present invention; Figure 13 This is the second structural diagram of the welding auxiliary device of the present invention; Figure 14 for Figure 13 Front view; Figure 15 for Figure 14 The right view; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the large-span steel structure of the present invention; Figure 17 for Figure 16 A magnified view of a portion of point a; Figure 18 for Figure 16 A magnified view of a section at point b in the middle; Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the large-span H-shaped steel beam of the present invention; Figure 20 This is one of the structural diagrams of the protective cover flipped to the bottom side of the sliding seat according to the present invention; Figure 21 This is the second structural diagram of the protective cover of the present invention flipped to the bottom side of the sliding seat; Figure 22 for Figure 20 Front view; Figure 23 for Figure 22 The right view; Figure 24 This is a structural diagram of the protective cover of the present invention flipped to the outside of the sliding seat; Figure 25 for Figure 24 The right view.

[0023] Reference numerals: 1-Large-span steel structure, 11-Large-span H-beam, 111-Web plate, 112-Wing plate, 113-Welding bevel, 114-First connecting hole, 115-Second connecting hole, 12-Crossbeam, 2-First connecting steel plate, 21-Second connecting steel plate, 22-Third connecting steel plate, 23-First bolt assembly, 24-Second bolt assembly, 25-Triangular stiffener plate, 3-Sliding seat, 3a-Welding operation notch, 31-Wheel, 32-Mounting hole, 33-Mounting plate, 34-Hinge plate, 35-Angle adjustment motor, 36-First screw, 4-Protective cover, 4a-First mating surface, 4b-Second mating surface, 4c-Third mating surface, 41-Extension 42-Long plate, 43-Avoidance groove, 44-Hinged cylinder, 45-Air inlet connector, 46-Air outlet, 47-Card slot, 5-Operating frame, 51-Supporting top plate, 52-Fixed guide rail, 53-Jack, 6-First lifting mechanism, 61-Modible top plate, 62-Modible guide rail, 7-Trolley body, 71-Rotating mechanism, 72-Hydraulic cylinder, 721-Piston rod, 73-Slider, 74-Fixed sleeve, 75-Guide cylinder, 76-Guide rod, 8-Mounting frame, 81-Connecting rod, 82-Transverse stiffener, 83-Adjusting assembly, 84-Mounting flange, 85-Bracket, 86-Welding torch assembly, 9-Building wall, 91-Floor slab, 92-Sliding steel beam, 93-Sliding block. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0026] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 25 As shown, a welding auxiliary device for the construction of large-span steel structures is used for welding the upper flange 112 of H-shaped steel beams. The H-shaped steel beam includes a web 111 and flanges 112 disposed on the upper and lower sides of the web 111. When two H-shaped steel beams are spliced, the lower flange 112 and the web 111 are connected by bolts, and the upper flange 112 is connected by welding.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 25As shown, a welding auxiliary device for the construction of large-span steel structures includes: a mounting frame 8, two sliding seats 3, two protective covers 4, a cooling cavity, a welding torch assembly 86, etc.

[0028] like Figures 3-9 , Figure 24 As shown, the mounting bracket 8 is located on the upper side of the upper wing plate 112, and two sliding seats 3 are symmetrically arranged on the bottom side of the mounting bracket 8. The two sliding seats 3 are spaced at a fixed distance to form a welding operation notch 3a. The two sliding seats 3 are located on both sides of the splicing point of the upper wing plate 112 to be welded, and each sliding seat 3 slides with the upper surface of the upper wing plate 112.

[0029] like Figures 3-9 ,like Figures 20-25 As shown, two protective covers 4 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the welding operation notch 3a. An extension plate 41 is provided on the upper side of the protective cover 4. The extension plate 41 is hinged to the two sliding seats 3 respectively. An avoidance groove 42 is opened in the middle of the extension plate 41, which is directly opposite to the welding operation notch 3a. Specifically, a mounting plate 33 is provided on the upper end of the sliding seat 3 by a first screw 36. Hinges 34 are provided on both sides of the mounting plate 33 extending outward. A hinge cylinder 43 is provided on the inner side of the extension plate 41. The hinge cylinder 43 and the hinge plate 34 are rotatably connected by a pin. An angle adjustment motor 35 is provided on one of the hinge plates 34. The angle adjustment motor 35 is connected to the extension plate 41 through a transmission connection to control the flipping movement of the protective cover 4.

[0030] like Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, when the two protective covers 4 are flipped down to the bottom side of the sliding seat 3 and approach each other, the inner wall of the protective cover 4, together with the side of the web plate 111 and the side of the upper wing plate 112, forms a closed or semi-closed cooling cavity, which covers the area of ​​the web plate 111 near the splicing point of the upper wing plate 112.

[0031] like Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 ,like Figures 12-15 As shown, the welding torch assembly 86 is mounted on the mounting bracket 8 and located in the welding operation notch 3a and the clearance groove 42, for welding the splice of the upper wing plate 112. During welding, the welding torch assembly 86 can move adaptively within the welding operation notch 3a and the clearance groove 42 without colliding or interfering with the protective cover 4, leaving sufficient welding space.

[0032] This invention solves the welding problem of the lower flange by optimizing the node connection method. The traditional "welding of upper and lower flanges" is replaced with "welding of the upper flange and bolting connection of the lower flange and web plate," completely avoiding overhead welding of the lower flange and allowing all welding to be completed on the upper flange, significantly reducing construction difficulty and quality risks. Furthermore, this connection method only requires welding and protective devices to be arranged on the upper side, greatly reducing welding and protection difficulties and ensuring welding quality.

[0033] This invention provides a reversible protective cover near the welding area, which, together with the sidewalls of the web and upper flange, forms a cooling cavity. During the welding process, a cooling medium is introduced to actively remove conductive heat, keeping the temperature of the web and nearby bolts within a safe range. This effectively protects the bolt preload and solves the problem of damage to the bolt preload caused by the welding heat-affected zone.

[0034] This invention features a sliding mounting bracket that can slide along the upper wing plate for positioning, eliminating the need for complex adjustments at high altitudes. The protective cover adopts a hinged flip structure that can quickly close during welding to form a cooling cavity, and flip upwards for storage after welding, without occupying extra space.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, a welding auxiliary device for the construction of a large-span steel structure includes an operating frame 5 set on a floor slab 91. The two sides of the floor slab 91 are building walls 9. A supporting top plate 51 is set at the upper end of the operating frame 5. Several jacks 53 are set at intervals on the supporting top plate 51. H-shaped steel beams are supported on the jacks 53 and the building walls 9, providing stable support points for the H-shaped steel beams, thereby enabling splicing and bolting welding.

[0036] like Figures 1-12 As shown, two fixed guide rails 52 are spaced apart on the supporting top plate 51. A first lifting mechanism 6 is provided on the bottom side of the operating frame 5. The first lifting mechanism 6 can be a scissor lift mechanism. A movable top plate 61 is provided on the upper side of the first lifting mechanism 6, and a movable guide rail 62 is provided on the movable top plate 61. The first lifting mechanism 6 is used to drive the movable guide rail 62 to rise and connect with the fixed guide rails 52 on both sides. A trolley body 7 is slidably mounted on the fixed guide rails 52 and the movable guide rails 62. A slider 73 is provided on the bottom side of the trolley body 7, and the slider 73 is fitted onto the fixed guide rails 52 and the movable guide rails 62. The movement of the trolley body 7 can be achieved by manual drive or motor drive. A rotating mechanism 71 is provided on the trolley body 7, and a second lifting mechanism is provided on the rotating mechanism 71. The second lifting mechanism is connected to the mounting frame 8.

[0037] like Figures 11-15As shown, the rotating mechanism 71 is a turntable structure driven by a motor. The second lifting mechanism is mounted on the turntable and can achieve rotational adjustment of position. The second lifting mechanism is hydraulically driven and includes a hydraulic cylinder 72 and a piston rod 721. A connecting rod 81 is provided at the bottom of one side of the mounting bracket 8, and the end of the piston rod 721 is connected to the connecting rod 81. Two guide cylinders 75 are provided on the rotating mechanism 71. The upper ends of the two guide cylinders 75 are connected to the fixed sleeve 74, which is fitted onto the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder 72. A guide rod 76 is slidably arranged inside the guide cylinder 75. The guide rod 76 is connected to the mounting bracket 8 to guide the lifting of the hydraulic cylinder 72.

[0038] like Figures 11-15 As shown, the mounting bracket 8 is V-shaped, with a mounting flange 84 extending downwards from the open end of the mounting bracket 8. A mounting hole 32 is provided on the sliding seat 3, and the mounting flange 84 is positioned within the mounting hole 32. The mounting bracket 8 and the sliding seat 3 are detachably connected via screws. This V-shaped structure and detachable connection method ensure the structural rigidity of the mounting bracket 8 while facilitating on-site disassembly and maintenance. A transverse stiffener 82 is provided in the middle of the mounting bracket 8, and an adjustment assembly 83 is provided on the bottom side of the transverse stiffener 82. The adjustment assembly 83 is connected to the welding torch assembly 86 via a bracket 85, and is used to drive the welding torch assembly 86 to move along the weld seam direction, thereby achieving automatic welding of the upper flange 112.

[0039] The adjusting component 83 is used to drive the welding torch assembly 86 to move along the welding direction, and can be implemented using a linear drive mechanism commonly used in the art. For example, the adjusting component 83 can be a screw-nut drive mechanism, which includes a drive motor, a screw, and a nut slider, etc. The drive motor is connected to the screw, and the nut slider is threadedly engaged with the screw and fixedly connected to the bracket 85. By controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the drive motor, the nut slider drives the welding torch assembly 86 to reciprocate along the screw axis, thereby realizing the welding feed. Those skilled in the art can select a suitable drive scheme according to the actual working conditions (such as welding speed requirements, control accuracy, cost budget, etc.).

[0040] Furthermore, a T-shaped wheel 31 is rotatably mounted on the bottom side of the sliding seat 3. The wheel 31 is mounted on the upper wing plate 112 to achieve smooth sliding and precise positioning of the sliding seat 3.

[0041] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figures 13-15 , Figures 20-25As shown, the inner side of the protective cover 4 is provided with a first contact surface 4a and a second contact surface 4b that are perpendicular to each other, and the inner side of the extension plate 41 is provided with a third contact surface 4c, which is perpendicular to the second contact surface 4b. When the two protective covers 4 are flipped down to the bottom side of the sliding seat 3 and approach each other, the first contact surface 4a rotates to a vertical state and contacts the side wall of the web plate 111, the second contact surface 4b rotates to a horizontal state and contacts the bottom wall of the upper wing plate 112, and the third contact surface 4c rotates to a vertical state and contacts the outer wall of the upper wing plate 112, thus fitting tightly together and forming a closed cooling cavity.

[0042] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figures 13-25 As shown, first connecting steel plates 2 are respectively provided on both sides of the web plate 111 where they meet. Several first connecting holes 114 are provided on the web plate 111. The first connecting steel plates 2 and the web plate 111 are connected by passing through first bolt assemblies 23 to realize the bolt connection at the splicing position of the web plate 111. A second connecting steel plate 21 is integrally extended from the bottom side of the first connecting steel plate 2. The second connecting steel plate 21 is closely attached to the upper surface of the lower wing plate 112. Several second connecting holes 115 are provided on the lower wing plate 112. Triangular ribs 25 are provided on both sides of the second connecting steel plate 21 and the first connecting steel plate 2. A third connecting steel plate 22 is provided on the bottom side where the lower wing plate 112 meets. The second connecting steel plate 21, the lower wing plate 112 and the third connecting steel plate 22 are connected by passing through second bolt assemblies 24 to realize the bolt connection at the splicing position of the lower wing plate 112.

[0043] like Figure 17 As shown, a welding bevel 113 is provided at the splicing end of the upper wing plate 112. Welding operations can only be carried out at the position of the upper wing plate 112 after the middle web plate 111 and the bottom wing plate 112 are connected by bolts.

[0044] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figures 13-25As shown, an air inlet 44 is provided on the bottom side of the protective cover 4, and a groove 46 corresponding to the first connecting steel plate 2 is opened on the inner side of the first mating surface 4a. When the first mating surface 4a is rotated to a vertical position and mated with the side wall of the web plate 111, the first connecting steel plate 2 is placed in the groove 46 to achieve a tight fit, ensuring that the protective cover 4 adapts to the web plate 111 and the first connecting steel plate 2 for sealing. When the third mating surface 4c is rotated to a vertical position and mated with the outer side wall of the upper wing plate 112, the clearance groove 42 and the upper wing plate 112 form an air outlet 45, and the upper side of the air outlet 45 is the butt welding area of ​​the upper wing plate 112. This design does not require additional vents on the protective cover 4. Instead, the clearance groove 42 serves as the vent 45, with air entering from the bottom and exiting from the vent 45 on the top. The exhaust is directly directed at the welding area on the top, achieving a cooling effect without affecting the welding operation. It also prevents welding chips from entering the interior of the protective cover 4, thus achieving precise protection.

[0045] Figures 16-19 As shown, in this invention, three H-shaped steel beams are spliced ​​together to form a large-span H-shaped steel beam 11, and two large-span H-shaped steel beams 11 are connected by crossbeams 12 to form a set of large-span steel structures 1. This design facilitates segmented hoisting and allows for position adjustment by sliding after splicing at a height.

[0046] like Figure 8 As shown, the second lifting mechanism is located between two large-span H-shaped steel beams 11 of the same large-span steel structure 1. This design aims to facilitate the use of welding auxiliary devices to perform protective welding on the splicing points of the two large-span H-shaped steel beams 11 on both sides.

[0047] During welding, two H-shaped steel beams are first hoisted and spliced ​​together, then bolted and welded. After welding, a third H-shaped steel beam is hoisted and spliced ​​together, then bolted and welded, thus forming the first large-span H-shaped steel beam 11. At this time, the welding auxiliary device is located on the upper side of the first large-span H-shaped steel beam 11.

[0048] Then, repeat the above steps: first, hoist two sections of H-shaped steel beams for splicing, then bolt and weld them together. After welding, hoist a third section of H-shaped steel beams for splicing, then bolt and weld them together, thus forming the second large-span H-shaped steel beam 11. The position of the entire welding auxiliary device can be adjusted by rotating mechanism 71 so that it is located on the upper side of the second large-span H-shaped steel beam 11.

[0049] After the two large-span H-shaped steel beams 11 are spliced ​​together, a crossbeam 12 is used to connect the two to form a set of large-span steel structures 1.

[0050] Then, the welding auxiliary device is transferred to the movable guide rail 62, and the first lifting mechanism 6 drives the movable guide rail 62 to descend, thereby lowering the height of the entire welding auxiliary device so that its top is lower than the large-span steel structure 1, providing space for the large-span steel structure 1 to slide.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, sliding blocks 93 are installed on both sides of the large-span steel structure 1, and sliding steel beams 92 are provided on the upper side of the building wall 9. The sliding blocks 93 are set on the sliding steel beams 92. External equipment, such as jacking hydraulic cylinders, is used to push the entire large-span steel structure 1 to slide until multiple large-span steel structures 1 are evenly arranged on the entire building wall 9.

[0052] like Figure 1 and 6 As shown, the sliding method is adopted primarily based on practical considerations. For example, when only one of the four areas surrounding the building wall 9 is suitable for installing hoisting equipment, a sliding method needs to be considered. The building wall 9 is divided into four areas: area A, area B, area C, and area D. Due to space limitations, hoisting equipment can only be installed in area A. The operating frame 5 is set up on the floor slab 91 on that side. Large-span steel structures 1 are hoisted and assembled, and then the entire structure is slid towards area D until the installation of all large-span steel structures 1 is completed. In this context, setting the welding auxiliary device in a fixed position allows for efficient completion of welding auxiliary operations on the steel structure.

[0053] Example 2 A method for a welding auxiliary device for the construction of a large-span steel structure, comprising the following steps: S1, hoisting and initial positioning: Using hoisting equipment, the three H-shaped steel beams are hoisted sequentially to the top of the building wall 9. The middle H-shaped steel beam is supported by jack 53, and the other two H-shaped steel beams are supported by jack 53 and the building wall 9. The height of jack 53 is adjusted to align the ends of the three H-shaped steel beams, and the lower flange 112 and web 111 are connected by bolts to form a large-span H-shaped steel beam 11.

[0054] S2, Welding device in place: Control the second lifting mechanism to rise, so that the sliding seat 3 is above the upper flange 112 of the large-span H-shaped steel beam 11; Control the rotating mechanism 71 to rotate, so that the sliding seat 3 is aligned with the splicing point of the upper flange 112; Control the second lifting mechanism to descend, so that the sliding seat 3 falls on the upper surface of the upper flange 112 and slides to adjust to the preset position on both sides of the splicing point.

[0055] S3, Cooling cavity formation: Control the two protective covers 4 to flip down to the bottom side of the sliding seat 3 and move closer to each other, so that the inner wall of the protective cover 4, the side of the web plate 111, and the side of the upper wing plate 112 together form a closed or semi-closed cooling cavity.

[0056] S4, Pre-cooling: Cooling medium is introduced into the cooling cavity through the air inlet connector 44 to pre-cool the web plate 111 and upper flange 112 near the welding area.

[0057] S5, Welding operation: In the clearance groove 42 and the welding operation notch 3a, the welding torch assembly 86 is controlled to move along the splice of the upper wing plate 112 to perform welding, while maintaining the flow of cooling medium.

[0058] S6, Post-weld cooling: After welding is completed, continue to supply cooling medium until the temperature of the welding area drops below the set threshold.

[0059] S7, Device Reset: Stop the supply of cooling medium, control the protective cover 4 to flip upwards and reset, control the second lifting mechanism to rise so that the sliding seat 3 disengages from the upper wing plate 112, completing the welding of this splicing point. Then, repeat step S1 to splice the second segment of the large-span H-shaped steel beam 11. After the second segment of the large-span H-shaped steel beam 11 is spliced, the rotating mechanism 71 rotates to adjust the entire welding auxiliary device above the second segment of the large-span H-shaped steel beam 11. Then control the second lifting mechanism to descend so that the sliding seat 3 falls on the upper surface of the upper wing plate 112 and slides to the preset positions on both sides of the splicing point, ready for welding.

[0060] S8, Post-weld sliding: After both large-span H-shaped steel beams 11 are spliced, the welding auxiliary device is transferred to the movable guide rail 62. The first lifting mechanism 6 drives the movable guide rail 62 to descend, thereby lowering the entire welding auxiliary device to provide space for the sliding of the large-span steel structure 1. Then, the two large-span H-shaped steel beams 11 are connected by a crossbeam 12 to form a set of large-span steel structures 1. Finally, using external equipment, such as a jacking hydraulic cylinder, the entire large-span steel structure 1 is pushed to slide until multiple large-span steel structures 1 are evenly distributed on the entire building wall 9.

[0061] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding auxiliary device for the construction of large-span steel structures, used for welding the upper flange of an H-shaped steel beam, wherein the H-shaped steel beam includes a web and flanges disposed on the upper and lower sides of the web, and when two H-shaped steel beams are spliced, the lower flange and the web are connected by bolts, and the upper flange is connected by welding, characterized in that... include: The mounting bracket is located on the upper side of the upper wing plate; Two sliding seats are symmetrically arranged on the bottom side of the mounting frame, and the two sliding seats are spaced at a fixed distance to form a welding operation notch. The two sliding seats are located on both sides of the splicing point of the upper wing plate to be welded, and each sliding seat slides in contact with the upper surface of the upper wing plate. Two protective covers are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the welding operation notch. An extension plate is provided on the upper side of the protective cover. The extension plate is hinged to two sliding seats respectively. An avoidance groove is opened in the middle of the extension plate, which is directly opposite to the welding operation notch. When the two protective covers are flipped down to the bottom of the sliding seat and approach each other, the inner wall of the protective cover, together with the side of the web plate and the side of the upper wing plate, forms a closed or semi-closed cooling cavity, which covers the web plate area near the splicing point of the upper wing plate. The welding torch assembly is mounted on the mounting frame and located in the welding operation notch and clearance groove, and is used to weld the splice of the upper wing plate.

2. The welding auxiliary device for large-span steel structure construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system includes an operating frame installed on a floor slab, with building walls on both sides. A supporting top plate is installed at the top of the operating frame, and several jacks are spaced apart on the supporting top plate. The H-shaped steel beam is supported on the jacks and the building walls.

3. The welding auxiliary device for large-span steel structure construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two fixed guide rails are spaced apart on the support top plate. A first lifting mechanism is provided on the bottom side of the operating frame. A movable guide rail is provided on the upper side of the first lifting mechanism. The first lifting mechanism is used to drive the movable guide rail to rise and connect with the fixed guide rails on both sides. A trolley body is slidably mounted on the fixed guide rails and the movable guide rails. A rotating mechanism is provided on the trolley body. A second lifting mechanism is provided on the rotating mechanism. The second lifting mechanism is connected to the mounting frame.

4. The welding auxiliary device for construction of large-span steel structures according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting frame is V-shaped, with a transverse stiffener in the middle and an adjustment component on the bottom side of the transverse stiffener. The adjustment component is connected to the welding torch assembly to enable the welding torch assembly to move and weld.

5. The welding auxiliary device for construction of large-span steel structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom side of the sliding seat is rotatably equipped with a T-shaped wheel, which is fitted onto the upper wing plate.

6. The welding auxiliary device for construction of large-span steel structures according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner side of the protective cover is provided with a first contact surface and a second contact surface that are perpendicular to each other, and the inner side of the extension plate is provided with a third contact surface; when the two protective covers are flipped down to the bottom side of the sliding seat and approach each other, the first contact surface rotates to a vertical state and contacts the side wall of the web plate, the second contact surface rotates to a horizontal state and contacts the bottom wall of the upper wing plate, and the third contact surface rotates to a vertical state and contacts the outer wall of the upper wing plate.

7. The welding auxiliary device for construction of large-span steel structures according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first connecting steel plate is provided on both sides of the web plate joint, and the first connecting steel plate and the web plate are connected by a first bolt assembly; a second connecting steel plate is integrally extended from the bottom side of the first connecting steel plate, and the second connecting steel plate is closely attached to the upper surface of the lower wing plate; a third connecting steel plate is provided on the bottom side of the lower wing plate joint, and the second connecting steel plate, the lower wing plate and the third connecting steel plate are connected by a second bolt assembly.

8. The welding auxiliary device for construction of large-span steel structures according to claim 7, characterized in that: An air inlet connector is provided on the bottom side of the protective cover, and a slot corresponding to the first connecting steel plate is opened on the inner side of the first contact surface; when the first contact surface is rotated to a vertical position and is in contact with the side wall of the web plate, the first connecting steel plate is placed in the slot; when the third contact surface is rotated to a vertical position and is in contact with the outer side wall of the upper wing plate, the clearance groove and the upper wing plate form an air outlet, and the upper side of the air outlet is the butt welding area of ​​the upper wing plate.

9. The welding auxiliary device for construction of large-span steel structures according to claim 8, characterized in that: Three H-shaped steel beams are spliced ​​together to form a large-span H-shaped steel beam. Two large-span H-shaped steel beams are connected by crossbeams to form a large-span steel structure. The second lifting mechanism is located between the two large-span H-shaped steel beams.

10. A method for using the welding auxiliary device for construction of large-span steel structures as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: S1, hoisting and initial positioning: Using hoisting equipment, the three H-beams are hoisted sequentially to the top of the building wall. The middle H-beam is supported by jacks, while the other two H-beams are supported by jacks and the building wall. The height of the jacks is adjusted to align the ends of the three H-beams, and the lower flange and web are connected by bolts to form a large-span H-beam. S2, Welding device in place: Control the second lifting mechanism to rise, so that the sliding seat is above the upper flange of the large-span H-shaped steel beam; Control the rotating mechanism to rotate, so that the sliding seat is aligned with the splicing point of the upper flange; Control the second lifting mechanism to fall, so that the sliding seat is placed on the upper surface of the upper flange and slides to adjust to the preset position on both sides of the splicing point. S3, Cooling cavity formation: Control the two protective covers to flip down to the bottom of the sliding seat and move closer to each other, so that the inner wall of the protective cover, the side of the web plate, and the side of the upper wing plate together form a closed or semi-closed cooling cavity. S4, Pre-cooling: Cooling medium is introduced into the cooling cavity through the air inlet connector to pre-cool the web and upper flange near the welding area; S5, Welding operation: In the clearance groove and welding operation gap, control the welding torch assembly to move along the splice of the upper wing plate to perform welding, while maintaining the flow of cooling medium. S6, Post-weld cooling: After welding is completed, continue to supply cooling medium until the temperature of the welding area drops below the set threshold. S7, Device Reset: Stop the supply of cooling medium, control the protective cover to flip upwards and reset, control the second lifting mechanism to rise so that the sliding seat is disengaged from the upper wing plate, and complete the welding of the splice point.

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