A kerogen molecular pyrolysis treatment agent, a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application provides a kerogen molecular thermal cracking treatment agent, a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing a first monomer, a second monomer, a third monomer and a fourth monomer according to a molar ratio of 14-24:31-44:3-11:27-37 to obtain mixed monomers; and mixing the mixed monomers, an initiator, a surfactant and a solvent, and performing emulsion polymerization to obtain the kerogen molecular thermal cracking treatment agent. The application further provides the kerogen molecular thermal cracking treatment agent prepared by the above method and application thereof. The kerogen molecular thermal cracking treatment agent has a very significant cleaning effect on crude oil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of petrochemical technology, and more specifically to a kerogen molecular thermal cracking treatment agent, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Shale gas is a polyhydrocarbon gas, primarily composed of methane. Free shale gas accounts for less than 20%, with the remainder existing in an adsorbed state. Kerogen molecules are the main adsorption sites; kerogen is a complex organic polymer without a fixed molecular formula or structure.

[0003] The decomposition of kerogen molecules and the resulting methane production under external conditions and chemical treatment agents are topics of great interest in scientific research and industrial applications. This process holds a significant position in petrochemical and geochemical fields, particularly in understanding the thermal maturation mechanisms in underground environments. Kerogen has a complex structure, being a complex macromolecule with a heterogeneous composition, and the complexity of its pyrolysis process makes experimental research extremely challenging.

[0004] There is an urgent need for a treatment agent that can achieve shale gas desorption in the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a kerogen molecular pyrolysis treatment agent, its preparation method, and its application. The kerogen molecular pyrolysis treatment agent of the present invention exhibits a significant cleaning effect on crude oil.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a kerogen molecular thermal pyrolysis treatment agent is provided, comprising:

[0007] The first monomer, the second monomer, the third monomer, and the fourth monomer are mixed in a molar ratio of 14-24:31-44:3-11:27-37 to obtain a mixed monomer. The mixed monomer, initiator, surfactant, and solvent are mixed and subjected to emulsion polymerization to obtain the kerogen molecule thermal decomposition treatment agent.

[0008] The first monomer includes styrene;

[0009] The second monomer includes one or more of the following: undecyl acrylate, tridecyl acrylate, pentadecanyl acrylate, heptadecanyl acrylate, nephrodecyl acrylate, 21-acrylate, 23-acrylate, and 25-acrylate.

[0010] The third monomer includes one or more of octadecyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, and heptadecanol dimethacrylate.

[0011] The fourth monomer includes one or more of the following: perfluorooctyl ethyl acrylate, perfluorobutyl ethyl acrylate, perfluorohexyl ethyl acrylate, perfluorohexyl ethyl (meth) acrylate, perfluorooctyl ethyl (meth) acrylate, perfluorodecyl ethyl acrylate, and perfluoroalkyl ethyl acrylate.

[0012] The kerogen molecular pyrolysis treatment agent of this invention has a significant cleaning effect on crude oil, with a marked reduction in oil saturation. Due to the directional adsorption of the molecular pyrolysis treatment agent on the kerogen surface, shearing and friction occur between the agent and the kerogen, causing the kerogen molecules to gradually decompose and produce lightweight molecular fragments. The main reaction region of the system is the interface between the kerogen and the kerogen molecular pyrolysis treatment agent, where small molecules generated at the interface diffuse towards both ends.

[0013] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the initiator includes one or more of ammonium persulfate, sodium bisulfite, urea, azobisisobutyronitrile, and potassium persulfate.

[0014] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the initiator accounts for 0.07 to 0.09% of the mass of the mixed monomers.

[0015] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the temperature of the emulsion polymerization reaction is 70-90°C and the time is 2-6 hours.

[0016] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the surfactant is selected from at least one of the following: a combination of Span-80 / Tween-80, a combination of Span20 / Tween20, a combination of Span40 / Tween40, or a combination of Span65 / Tween60.

[0017] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the solvent includes one or more of 2-perfluorooctylethanol, perfluorohexylethyl alcohol, and ethanol.

[0018] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the emulsion polymerization includes:

[0019] The first monomer, the second monomer, the third monomer, the surfactant, and the solvent are mixed, and the initiator in the first part is added to carry out the first stage polymerization to obtain the intermediate product;

[0020] Next, the intermediate product and the fourth monomer are mixed, and the initiator in the second part is added to carry out the second stage polymerization to obtain the kerogen molecule thermal decomposition treatment agent.

[0021] Conducting emulsion polymerization under the above-mentioned preferred conditions is more conducive to improving the pyrolysis efficiency of the roximate molecule thermal pyrolysis treatment agent.

[0022] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the temperature of the first stage polymerization reaction is 70-80°C.

[0023] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the temperature of the second-stage polymerization reaction is 80–90°C.

[0024] The types of initiators for the first stage reaction and the second stage reaction are preferably selected according to the reaction temperature. Preferably, the mass ratio of the initiator in the first part to the initiator in the second part is between 1:1 and 1:2.

[0025] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, an antifoaming agent is also added during the emulsion polymerization. The preparation method of the present invention does not further limit the type of antifoaming agent.

[0026] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a preservative is also added during the emulsion polymerization. The preparation method of the present invention does not further limit the type of preservative.

[0027] According to another aspect of the present invention, a kerogen molecule thermal pyrolysis treatment agent obtained according to the above-described preparation method is provided.

[0028] According to another aspect of the present invention, the application of the above-described kerogen molecular thermal cracking agent in oil and gas processing is provided.

[0029] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the application method includes the oil and gas processing of shale gas.

[0030] Compared with existing technologies, this invention provides a new kerogen molecular thermal cracking treatment agent, which has a very significant cleaning effect on crude oil and can achieve desorption of shale gas. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 The nuclear magnetic resonance energy spectrum of core 1 is shown.

[0032] Figure 2 The nuclear magnetic resonance energy spectrum of core 2 is shown.

[0033] Figure 3 Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) images of rock fragments from core 1 after treatment with a 5 wt% KCl solution are shown.

[0034] Figure 4 The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) image of a rock fragment sample from core 2 after being soaked in the kerogen molecular thermal decomposition treatment agent of Example 1 for three days is shown.

[0035] Figure 5 The results of the contact angle test of core 1 under normal temperature and pressure are shown.

[0036] Figure 6 The results of contact angle testing at 180°C are shown for core 1 after treatment with the kerogen molecular pyrolysis treatment agent in Example 1.

[0037] Figure 7 The results of contact angle testing at 180°C are shown for core 2 after treatment with the kerogen molecular pyrolysis treatment agent in Example 2.

[0038] Figure 8 The results of contact angle testing at 180°C are shown for core 3 after treatment with the kerogen molecular pyrolysis treatment agent in Example 3.

[0039] Figure 9 The results of contact angle testing at 180°C are shown for core 4 after treatment with the treatment agent in Comparative Example 1.

[0040] Figure 10 The results of contact angle testing at 180°C are shown for core 5 after treatment with the treatment agent in Comparative Example 2.

[0041] Figure 11 The results of the kinetic simulation of the kerogen molecule-kerogen molecule thermal pyrolysis treatment agent are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0042] In order to provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives and beneficial effects of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail below, but it should not be construed as limiting the scope of implementation of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] This embodiment provides a kerogen molecular thermal pyrolysis treatment agent and its preparation method.

[0045] This kerogen molecular thermal decomposition treatment agent is mainly composed of monomers A, B, C, and D polymerized together. The relative contents of each monomer are approximately 22%, 39%, 8%, and 31%; the initiators are ammonium persulfate and azobisisobutyronitrile, with the initiator dosage being 0.07% of the monomer mass; monomer A is styrene; monomer B is undecyl acrylate; monomer C is octadecyl methacrylate; and monomer D is perfluorooctyl ethyl acrylate.

[0046] Span-80 / Tween-80 was used as the surfactant in a volume ratio of 1:1; 2-perfluorooctylethanol and 95% ethanol were used as the solvents in a volume ratio of 1:1.

[0047] The synthesis process is as follows: Span-80 and Tween-80 are mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1 and dissolved in deionized water to obtain a surfactant solution; 0.25g of ammonium persulfate initiator is dissolved in 50ml of deionized water to obtain the first part of the initiator solution; 0.3g of azobisisobutyronitrile initiator is dissolved in 30ml of ethanol solution to obtain the second part of the initiator solution.

[0048] Styrene, undecyl acrylate, and octadecyl methacrylate are mixed and then added to a surfactant solution under stirring. The mixture is stirred and heated. When the temperature reaches 73-78℃, the first part of the initiator solution and solvent are added. After the exothermic reaction is complete, the temperature is raised to 80-85℃. When the emulsion shows a blue light, it is stirred for 18-25 minutes. Perfluorooctyl ethyl acrylate is added and stirred evenly. Then, azobisisobutyronitrile solution is added dropwise to the flask. The entire dropwise addition time is controlled at 210 minutes. After the dropwise addition is complete, the mixture is kept at the same temperature for 1 hour. Then, the temperature is lowered to below 40℃. Defoamer (dimethylsiloxane) and preservative (phenoxyethanol) are added dropwise in sequence. After stirring evenly, the emulsion is obtained.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] This embodiment provides a kerogen molecular thermal pyrolysis treatment agent and its preparation method.

[0051] This kerogen molecular thermal decomposition treatment agent is mainly composed of monomers A, B, C, and D polymerized together. The relative contents of each monomer are approximately 23%, 44%, 3%, and 30%, respectively. The initiators are sodium bisulfite and azobisisobutyronitrile, with the initiator dosage being 0.09% of the monomer mass. Monomer A is styrene; monomer B is tridecyl acrylate; monomer C is methyl methacrylate; and monomer D is perfluorobutyl ethyl acrylate. A Span20 / Tween20 mixture is used as the surfactant, and 2-perfluorooctylethanol is used as the solvent.

[0052] The synthesis process is as follows: Span20 and Tween20 are mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1 and dissolved in deionized water to obtain a surfactant solution; 4.2 g of sodium bisulfite initiator is dissolved in 100 ml of deionized water to obtain the first part of the initiator solution; 0.3 g of azobisisobutyronitrile initiator is dissolved in 30 ml of ethanol solution to obtain the second part of the initiator solution; styrene, tridecaacrylate, and methyl methacrylate are mixed and then added to the surfactant solution under stirring, followed by stirring and heating. When the temperature reaches 73-78℃, add the first part of the initiator solution and solvent. After the exothermic reaction is complete, raise the temperature to 80-85℃. When the emulsion shows a blue light, stir for 18-25 minutes, add perfluorobutyl ethyl acrylate, stir evenly, and continue to add azobisisobutyronitrile solution dropwise to the flask. The entire dropwise addition time is controlled at 220 minutes. After the dropwise addition is complete, keep warm for 1 hour, and then cool down to below 40℃. Add defoamer (hydroxyl polysiloxane) and preservative (benzoic acid) dropwise in sequence. After stirring evenly, the emulsion is obtained.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] This embodiment provides a kerogen molecular thermal pyrolysis treatment agent and its preparation method.

[0055] This kerogen molecular thermal decomposition treatment agent is mainly composed of monomers A, B, C, and D polymerized together. The relative contents of each monomer are approximately 20%, 35%, 8%, and 37%, respectively. The initiators are potassium persulfate and azobisisobutyronitrile, with the initiator dosage being 0.08% of the monomer mass. Monomer A is styrene; monomer B is octadecanoacrylate; monomer C is heptadecanoacrylate; and monomer D is perfluorohexylethyl(meth)acrylate. A SPAN40 / TWEEN40 mixture is used as a surfactant; and perfluorohexylethyl alcohol and ethanol are used as solvents in a volume ratio of 1:1.

[0056] The synthesis process is as follows: Span40 and Tween40 are mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1 and dissolved in deionized water to obtain a surfactant solution; 3.5g of potassium persulfate initiator is dissolved in 100ml of deionized water to obtain the first part of the initiator solution; 0.3g of azobisisobutyronitrile initiator is dissolved in 30ml of ethanol solution to obtain the second part of the initiator solution; styrene, octadecyl acrylate, and heptadecanol dimethacrylate are mixed and then added to the surfactant solution under stirring. The mixture is stirred and heated until the temperature reaches a certain level. When the temperature reaches 73-78℃, add the first part of the initiator solution and solvent. After the exothermic reaction is complete, raise the temperature to 80-85℃. When the emulsion shows blue light, stir for 18-25 minutes, add perfluorohexyl ethyl (meth) acrylate, stir evenly, and continue to add azobisisobutyronitrile solution dropwise to the flask. The entire dropwise addition time is controlled at 220 minutes. After the dropwise addition is complete, keep warm for 1 hour, and then cool down to below 40℃. Add defoamer (methylphenyl polysiloxane) and preservative (phenoxyethanol) dropwise in sequence. After stirring evenly, the emulsion is obtained.

[0057] Comparative Example 1

[0058] This comparative example provides a treatment agent, the preparation method of which includes:

[0059] Mix span80 and tween20 at a volume ratio of 1:1 and dissolve in deionized water to obtain a surfactant solution; dissolve 3.2 g of initiator dodecyl peroxide in 100 ml of deionized water to obtain the first part of the initiator solution; dissolve 0.9 g of initiator azobisisobutyronitrile in 30 ml of ethanol solution to obtain the second part of the initiator solution; mix styrene, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and then add the mixture to the surfactant solution under stirring. Heat the mixture until it reaches 73-78℃, then add the first part of the initiator solution and solvent. After the exothermic reaction is complete, heat the mixture to 80-85℃. When the emulsion shows a blue light, stir for 18-25 minutes, add perfluoropolyether acrylate, and stir until homogeneous. Continue to add azobisisobutyronitrile solution dropwise to the flask, controlling the entire dropwise addition time to 220 minutes. After the addition is complete, keep the mixture warm for 1 hour, then cool it down to below 40℃. Add the defoamer (methylphenyl polysiloxane) and preservative (phenoxyethanol) dropwise in sequence, and stir until homogeneous to obtain the emulsion.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] This comparative example provides a treatment agent, the preparation method of which includes:

[0062] Mix span40 and tween60 at a volume ratio of 1:1 and dissolve in deionized water to obtain a surfactant solution; dissolve 4.5g of initiator di-tert-butyl peroxide in 100ml of deionized water to obtain the first part of the initiator solution; dissolve 1.3g of initiator tert-butyl peroxide-2-ethylhexanoate in 40ml of ethanol solution to obtain the second part of the initiator solution; mix styrene, ethoxylated bisphenol A diacrylate, and tricyclodecanediethanol diacrylate, and then add the mixture to the surfactant solution under stirring, stirring and increasing the volume. When the temperature reaches 73-78℃, add the first part of the initiator solution and solvent. After the exothermic reaction is complete, raise the temperature to 80-85℃. When the emulsion shows blue light, stir for 18-25 minutes, add perfluoro(4-methyl-3,6-dioxa-7-octene) sulfonyl fluoride, stir evenly, and continue to add azobisisobutyronitrile solution dropwise to the flask. The entire dropwise addition time is controlled at 220 minutes. After the dropwise addition is complete, keep warm for 1 hour, and then cool down to below 40℃. Add defoamer (dimethylsiloxane) and preservative (phenoxyethanol) dropwise in sequence. After stirring evenly, the emulsion is obtained.

[0063] Test case

[0064] The solutions prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were characterized and their performance evaluated as follows:

[0065] Test 1: Detection of changes in oil saturation using NMR

[0066] Before NMR detection, protons in a porous fluid are randomly oriented. When the porous medium is placed in the instrument, the instrument's magnetic field magnetizes these protons. First, the instrument's permanent magnetic field gives the protons a magnetization vector along the direction of the magnetic field. Then, an alternating electromagnetic field is emitted, causing these polarized protons to flip from their new equilibrium positions. After the alternating magnetic field is removed, the protons begin to precess and return to their original equilibrium positions; this process is called relaxation. Using a CPMG sequence, a series of spin echoes can be generated, and these echo trains constitute the raw NMR data.

[0067] Test method: The test was conducted in accordance with the industry standard SY / T 6490-2014 "Laboratory Measurement Specification for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Parameters of Rock Samples", and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0068] Table 1

[0069]

[0070] As shown in Table 1, the oil removal rates in Examples 1 to 3 were 24.3%–27.6%, while those in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were 4.4%–5.9%. This indicates that the kerogen molecular thermal cracking treatment agent of the present invention can effectively thermally crack the crude oil in kerogen, reduce the oil saturation in the core, and achieve an oil removal rate of approximately 24%. In contrast, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 only achieved approximately 4%, showing no significant reduction in oil saturation in the core.

[0071] Test 2: Energy Spectrum

[0072] Take two core samples and name them Core 1 and Core 2.

[0073] Two core samples were first placed in a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument to measure their energy spectra. Then, crude oil was injected under high pressure (the cores were covered with FEP heat-shrink tubing, dried in an oven at 85°C for 48 hours, and placed vertically in a Hassler-type core holder with a containment pressure of 1500 psi) for 3 days. A second NMR measurement was then performed. After the measurement, the cores were immersed in the kerogen molecular pyrolysis treatment agent from Example 2 at room temperature and atmospheric pressure for 7 days. A third NMR measurement was performed after the immersion, and the results are as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, by Figure 1 , Figure 2 As can be seen, the difference between the two parallel samples is negligible, which ensures that no accidental situations occur in the experiment; the nuclear magnetic resonance energy spectrum shows that the kerogen molecule thermal decomposition treatment agent has a significant effect on the cleaning of crude oil. The treatment agent of this invention can effectively promote the thermal decomposition of kerogen molecules, so that crude oil is separated.

[0074] Test 3: Thermogravimetric Test

[0075] Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) images of rock fragments from core 1 after treatment with 5 wt% KCl solution are shown below. Figure 3 As shown.

[0076] Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) image of the rock fragment sample from core 2 after three days of immersion in the kerogen molecular pyrolysis treatment agent described in Example 1 (previously completed with a 7-day high-pressure crude oil injection treatment) is shown below. Figure 4 As shown. Figure 4 The green line represents the TG data, which is the curve showing the change in mass as temperature changes. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the sample did not exhibit significant weight change before and after treatment, and the weight loss at different temperatures was also similar. After two hours of heat treatment, the weight change was 0.86%, which, although still small, is significantly less than the 0.75% loss observed with the common treatment agent KCl (e.g., ...). Figure 3The results of this thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) show that the new chemical agent is superior in treating oil and gas in downhole reservoir rocks, providing experimental verification and a research foundation for further investigation and verification of the structure, composition, and reaction mechanism of this new chemical agent. The red line represents the DTG data, which is the derivative of TG, yielding the temperature point with the fastest sample decomposition rate. The blue line represents the DSC curve, analyzing the endothermic and exothermic properties of the sample. Figure 4 The arrows above indicate heat absorption and release, while the downward peaks in the graph represent heat release.

[0077] Test 4: Contact Angle Test

[0078] Thin sections were cut from core 1. The sandstone was first rinsed with deionized water to remove debris, then placed in a 100ml beaker containing 50ml of ethanol. Trimethoxysilylpropyl modified (polyethyleneimine) and isopropanol were added, and the mixture was left to stand overnight. The next day, the solution was discarded, and the thin sections were rinsed sequentially with ethanol and water, then air-dried at room temperature. The dried sections were then suspended in the kerogen molecular pyrolysis treatment agent prepared in Example 1 for ten minutes, removed, washed, and dried. Glass slides were treated using the same method for comparative experiments. Subsequently, the contact angles of the liquid / gas / solid system were measured using a Ram-Hart precision contact angle goniometer at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The test results are as follows: Figure 5 As shown in the figure. Experimental results show that the contact angles of water on glass and rock core after soaking in modified nanoparticles are 120.17±17.3° and 148.47±20.2°, respectively, while the contact angles of decane on glass and rock core after soaking in modified nanoparticles are 45.07±0.3° and 51.14±21.3°, respectively.

[0079] Test 5: Evaluation of surface tension and contact angle performance at 180℃

[0080] The surface tension and contact angle performance of Examples 1 to 3, and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were evaluated at 180°C.

[0081] Test method: Refer to the national standard GB / T22237-2008 Determination of surface tension of surfactants.

[0082] Test samples: Cores 1 to 5. Cores 3 to 5 are from the same source as Cores 1 and 2, and have undergone the same pretreatment of crude oil injection under high pressure.

[0083] The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0084] Table 2

[0085]

[0086] Figure 6The test results of the kerogen molecular thermal pyrolysis treatment agent obtained in Example 1 are shown. Figure 7 The test results of the kerogen molecular thermal pyrolysis treatment agent obtained in Example 2 are shown. Figure 8 The test results of the kerogen molecular thermal pyrolysis treatment agent obtained in Example 3 are shown. Figure 9 The test results of the treatment agent obtained in Comparative Example 1 are shown. Figure 10 The test results of the treatment agent obtained in Comparative Example 2 are shown.

[0087] Kinetic simulation results of kerogen molecule-kerogen molecule thermal decomposition treatment agent, such as Figure 11 As shown, the atomic color correspondences are: C – gray; H – white; O – red; N – dark blue; F – light blue; S – tan.

[0088] The ReaxFF reaction molecular dynamics simulation method combines the accuracy of quantum mechanics with the efficiency of classical molecular dynamics. It can simulate bond formation and breaking without requiring a predetermined reaction path, and can accurately describe the synthesis, decomposition, and transformation of organic compounds under different conditions.

[0089] The ReaxFF reaction molecular dynamics method was used to simulate the decomposition process of kerogen molecules under the action of kerogen pyrolysis treatment agent and drill bit (drill pipe) friction, with particular attention paid to the formation of methane as the main pyrolysis product. During the simulation, the kerogen molecule model was placed under the action of kerogen pyrolysis treatment agent and metal surface friction to perform continuous ReaxFF reaction molecular dynamics simulations, aiming to mimic the formation and release of methane during actual drilling processes.

[0090] In the initial stage of the simulation (t = 0 ps), the system exhibits a tightly packed, solid-liquid separated state with a clear interface. At this stage, kerogen molecules are mainly molecules with more than 65 carbon atoms, as well as some molecules between 17 and 64 carbon atoms (C65+, C17-C64). In the middle stage of the simulation (t = 200 ps), as medium and large molecules are broken down, medium and small molecules (C5-C16) are generated, and a small amount of gas molecules are removed, leaving a few vacancies. In the later stage of the simulation (t = 450 ps), kerogen molecules are broken down into small molecules (C1-C8), releasing more gas that diffuses to both ends, leaving obvious vacancies.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a kerogen molecular thermal decomposition treatment agent, characterized in that, include: The first monomer, the second monomer, the third monomer, and the fourth monomer are mixed in a molar ratio of 14-24:31-44:3-11:27-37 to obtain a mixed monomer. The mixed monomer, initiator, surfactant, and solvent are mixed and subjected to emulsion polymerization to obtain the kerogen molecule thermal decomposition treatment agent. The first monomer includes styrene; The second monomer includes one or more of the following: undecyl acrylate, tridecyl acrylate, pentadecanyl acrylate, heptadecanyl acrylate, nephrodecyl acrylate, 21-acrylate, 23-acrylate, and 25-acrylate. The third monomer includes one or more of octadecyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, and heptadecanol dimethacrylate. The fourth monomer includes one or more of the following: perfluorooctyl ethyl acrylate, perfluorobutyl ethyl acrylate, perfluorohexyl ethyl acrylate, perfluorohexyl ethyl (meth) acrylate, perfluorooctyl ethyl (meth) acrylate, perfluorodecyl ethyl acrylate, and perfluoroalkyl ethyl acrylate.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initiator includes one or more of the following: ammonium persulfate, sodium bisulfite, urea, azobisisobutyronitrile, and potassium persulfate.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initiator accounts for 0.07 to 0.09% of the total mass of the mixed monomers.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emulsion polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 70–90°C for 2–6 hours.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surfactant is selected from at least one of the following: a combination of Span-80 / Tween-80, a combination of Span20 / Tween20, a combination of Span40 / Tween40, or a combination of Span65 / Tween60.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solvent includes one or more of 2-perfluorooctylethanol, perfluorohexylethyl alcohol, and ethanol.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emulsion polymerization includes: The first monomer, the second monomer, the third monomer, the surfactant, and the solvent are mixed, and the initiator in the first part is added to carry out the first stage polymerization to obtain the intermediate product; Next, the intermediate product and the fourth monomer are mixed, and the initiator in the second part is added to carry out the second stage polymerization to obtain the kerogen molecule thermal decomposition treatment agent.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the emulsion polymerization, defoamers and / or preservatives are also added.

9. A kerogen molecular thermal decomposition treatment agent obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The application of the kerogen molecular thermal cracking agent according to claim 9 in oil and gas processing.

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