A method for repairing a ditch slope using ecological concrete

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of ecological concrete repair method of ditch slope, it is related to ecological restoration engineering field.The present application uses the closed-loop optimization technical path based on sample slope first test, monitoring and data feedback, to solve the problems of poor ecological restoration effect and poor long-term stability caused by the difficulty of high strength and high porosity, high alkaline environment inhibiting plant growth and construction parameters relying on experience in the existing ecological concrete slope protection technology.The plant growth data, concrete porosity and environmental data are obtained by construction and monitoring on small-scale sample slope, and the plant seed ratio and concrete pH regulator dosage are optimized, and the optimized scheme is applied to actual engineering slope.The present application improves the pertinence, success rate and predictability of the repair scheme, improves the plant survival rate and vegetation coverage, and realizes the on-site verification and precision decision of the repair parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological restoration technology for ditch slopes, and more particularly to an ecological concrete restoration method for ditch slopes. Background Technology

[0002] Ecological concrete restoration technology, as an interdisciplinary innovation in the fields of water conservancy engineering and ecological restoration, has received widespread attention in recent years. This technology aims to provide a carrier for plant growth using concrete materials with specific porous structures, thereby rebuilding or restoring the ecological environment while meeting the requirements of slope protection engineering. Its core advantage lies in balancing physical protection and ecological functions, demonstrating comprehensive benefits such as saving long-term maintenance costs, extending the lifespan of projects, and improving landscape harmony. With the increasing demands for ecological infrastructure, developing a technology that can synergistically resolve the contradiction between structural safety and ecological restoration has broad application prospects in areas such as river management, slope restoration, and green infrastructure construction.

[0003] However, existing ecological slope protection technologies still have many inherent defects, making it difficult to achieve long-term reliable results in practical engineering. In existing porous vegetated concrete slope protection technology, the large amount of calcium hydroxide produced by cement hydration makes the environment inside the pores highly alkaline for a long time, which is toxic to plant roots, resulting in low germination rate, weak growth, and difficulty in survival. During construction, cement slurry can easily block some pores, affecting water permeability and root penetration. At the same time, the porous structure itself has poor water and fertilizer retention capacity, which is not conducive to long-term plant growth.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an ecological concrete restoration method for ditch slopes that has a higher plant survival rate and a higher vegetation coverage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address these issues, this invention provides an ecological concrete repair method for ditch slopes, which overcomes the problems of existing technologies where the large amount of calcium hydroxide produced by cement hydration creates a highly alkaline environment within the pores, toxic to plant roots, resulting in low germination rates, weak growth, and difficulty in survival; cement slurry easily clogging some pores during construction, affecting water permeability and root penetration; and the porous structure itself has poor water and fertilizer retention capacity, which is not conducive to long-term plant growth.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an ecological concrete restoration method for ditch slopes, comprising: S1, Pre-treatment of the target ditch slope for repair; S2, coarse aggregate, cementitious material, pH adjuster, emulsion polymer and water are mixed to prepare an ecological concrete mixture with continuous through pores; S3, The porosity and compressive strength of the ecological concrete mixture are tested; S4. If the porosity and compressive strength tests both meet the target requirements, the ecological concrete mixture is applied to the pretreated sample slope to form a porous ecological concrete slope protection layer. S5 involves spraying a vegetative slurry containing plant seeds, water-retaining agents, and nutrients into the pores of the ecological concrete slope protection layer. S6. Based on the type of plant seed and the amount of rainfall, implement the corresponding maintenance strategy. S7, monitor the germination rate, growth rate and survival rate of the plant seeds, and monitor the pH value in the pores of the ecological concrete slope protection layer. S8. Based on the germination rate, growth rate and survival rate of the plant seeds, determine the number of various plant seeds sown in the plant seeds, and based on the pH value in the pores of the ecological concrete slope protection layer, determine the content of pH adjuster in the ecological concrete mixture. S9 involves constructing, spraying, and maintaining the actual slope surface after pretreatment, based on the determined quantity of various plant seeds and the determined pH adjuster content in the ecological concrete mixture.

[0007] Furthermore, the pretreatment of the target ditch slope includes: S11, trim the target ditch slope according to the preset slope ratio, remove loose stones and loose soil from the surface of the target ditch slope, and reserve drainage pipe trenches at preset locations; S12, compact the repaired ditch slope; S13, Lay drainage pipes in the reserved drainage pipe trench and construct masonry structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the compaction treatment of the repaired ditch slope includes: S121. Based on the dimensions and slope of the target ditch slope, determine the appropriate compaction equipment for compaction. S122, uniformly compact the surface of the repaired ditch slope; for areas with sandy soil, increase the number of compaction passes to improve the density of the base and prevent soil loss.

[0009] Furthermore, the coarse aggregate is crushed stone with a particle size of 20 mm to 30 mm; the cementing material is silicate cement; and the pH adjuster includes at least one of sulfoaluminate cement and silica fume.

[0010] Furthermore, the porosity and compressive strength testing of the ecological concrete mixture includes: S31, Take a representative sample from the same batch of ecological concrete mixture; S32, the representative sample is poured or vibrated into a standard mold, the mold is removed after molding, and the sample is cured under standard curing conditions to the target age to obtain a standard specimen; S33a, Place the standard specimen cured to the target age on a compression testing machine and test the ultimate compressive strength of the standard specimen; S33b, the effective porosity of the standard specimen is determined by immersion method or image analysis method; S34. The tested ultimate compressive strength value and effective porosity value are compared with the preset compressive strength threshold and the preset porosity range. If the tested ultimate compressive strength value is greater than or equal to the preset compressive strength threshold and the tested effective porosity value is within the preset porosity range, then the test is deemed qualified.

[0011] Furthermore, determining the quantity of each type of plant seed to be sown based on the germination rate, growth rate, and survival rate of the plant seeds includes: S81a, acquire or measure environmental indicator data corresponding to various types of plant seeds, characterizing the soil improvement and soil stabilization effects of various plant seeds, wherein the environmental indicator data includes at least one of the following: average root depth, root biomass density, and its coefficient of increase in soil organic matter content. S81b, Based on the environmental index data, calculate the soil improvement score for various plant seeds; S81c, Based on the germination rate, growth rate and survival rate of the plant seeds, calculate the ecological adaptability score of various plant seeds; S81d, the soil improvement score and the ecological adaptability score are combined according to a predetermined weight to obtain the comprehensive performance score of various plant seeds; S81e, based on the comprehensive performance score, determine the proportion weight of various plant seeds, wherein the higher the comprehensive performance score, the greater the proportion weight.

[0012] Furthermore, determining the content of pH adjuster in the ecological concrete mixture based on the pH value in the pores of the ecological concrete slope protection layer includes: S82a: Obtain pH data in the pores of the ecological concrete slope protection layer collected at multiple monitoring time points on the sample slope, and construct a pH monitoring sequence in chronological order. S82b, perform trend analysis on the pH monitoring sequence to calculate the pH change rate and pH fluctuation range within a specified maintenance cycle; S82c, compare the data in the pH monitoring sequence with the preset target pH range, and calculate the proportion of data points that exceed the target pH range and the average degree of deviation; S82d, the pH change rate, pH fluctuation range, proportion of data points outside the range, and average deviation are used as input parameters and input into the pre-established pH adjuster dosage feedback model; the pH adjuster dosage feedback model determines and outputs the optimized pH adjuster content for actual slope construction.

[0013] Furthermore, before spraying the vegetation slurry, a layer of soil of a predetermined thickness is laid and leveled. The leveling process is carried out according to a slope ratio of 1:1.5.

[0014] Furthermore, the plant seeds include at least Manila grass seeds, Loropetalum chinense seeds, and Yunnan willow seeds; the water-retaining agent includes at least one of polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate, bentonite, and zeolite; and the nutrients include at least organic fertilizer, microbial fertilizer, and soil conditioner.

[0015] Furthermore, the sample slope is an experimental area specifically designed for preliminary testing, data acquisition, and scheme optimization, used to simulate real engineering conditions.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Firstly, this invention solves the technical problems of traditional ecological restoration projects—relying on fixed empirical parameters, being unable to adapt to specific site conditions, and having high construction risks and unstable success rates—by establishing a complete closed-loop technical path of preliminary testing, monitoring, feedback, and optimization on sample slopes, and then applying the optimized solutions to actual engineering projects. Using sample slopes as a controlled testing platform, this invention achieves a fundamental shift from experience-driven construction to data-driven decision-making. Through small-scale preliminary verification, it systematically acquires real interactive data on materials, structures, vegetation, and the environment, and uses this data to scientifically optimize key parameters, ultimately guiding large-scale engineering implementation. This significantly reduces the risk of project failure and costs, and comprehensively improves the targeting, reliability, and long-term success rate of ecological restoration.

[0017] Secondly, this invention introduces and quantifies functional indicators of plant effects on soil improvement and stabilization, and weights these indicators with ecological adaptability scores based on monitoring data to guide the optimization of plant seed ratios. This addresses the one-sidedness of existing technologies that focus only on short-term plant survival while neglecting their long-term ecological contributions. This invention upgrades seed selection and configuration from a single survival optimization to a multi-objective functional synergistic optimization, guiding the construction of plant communities that not only have high survival rates but also comprehensive soil-improving effectiveness, significantly enhancing the long-term self-sustaining capacity, structural stability, and overall ecological benefits of the ecological slope protection system.

[0018] Thirdly, this invention constructs a dynamic monitoring sequence of pore pH values ​​and analyzes its rate of change, fluctuation amplitude, target deviation, and other multi-dimensional characteristic parameters. Then, it uses a pre-established feedback model to intelligently determine the optimal dosage of pH adjusters, overcoming the limitations of existing technologies that rely on crude methods for controlling the alkaline environment of concrete, or on adjustments based solely on single-point measurements or experience. This invention achieves a leap from static judgment to dynamic perception of the internal chemical environment of slope protection structures, and from experience-based adjustment to model prediction. It enables more precise and forward-looking control of the pore environment, creating and maintaining a long-term, low-alkaline microenvironment friendly to plant roots, thereby improving plant survival rates and vegetation coverage. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating an ecological concrete repair method for ditch slopes provided in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., which indicate directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0023] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an ecological concrete restoration method for ditch slopes, characterized in that it includes: S1, Pre-treatment of the target ditch slope for repair, including: S11, trim the target ditch slope according to the preset slope ratio, remove loose stones and loose soil from the surface of the target ditch slope, and reserve drainage pipe trenches at preset locations; S12, compact the repaired ditch slope; S13, Lay drainage pipes in the reserved drainage pipe trench and construct masonry structure.

[0025] The compaction treatment of the repaired ditch slope includes: S121. Based on the dimensions and slope of the target ditch slope, determine the appropriate compaction equipment for compaction. S122, uniformly compact the surface of the repaired ditch slope; for areas with sandy soil, increase the number of compaction passes to improve the density of the base and prevent soil loss.

[0026] In one possible implementation, excavators are used in conjunction with manual labor to trim the slope of the target ditch strictly according to the design slope ratio of 1:1.5, removing all loose rocks, tree roots, and other debris from the slope surface to ensure a smooth slope profile. Simultaneously, based on the construction drawings, trenches for 50mm PVC drainage pipes are excavated at specific locations on the slope, such as at water catchment points.

[0027] Considering the relatively narrow and sloping working surface of the ditch slope in this embodiment, a small vibratory plate compactor or handheld impact compactor, which is flexible in operation, is selected as the compaction equipment to uniformly and comprehensively compact the entire trimmed slope surface, ensuring no areas are missed. Given that the slope soil in this embodiment is mainly sandy, with poor cohesion and easy erosion, 1-2 additional compaction passes are added to the conventional 2-3 passes to significantly improve the density of the base surface layer, forming an effective erosion prevention layer. After compaction, the base surface should be flat, without significant protrusions or depressions.

[0028] Lay 50mm PVC drainage pipes in the reserved trench, ensuring the pipes are straight, tightly connected, and the outlet is unobstructed. Then, construct retaining or diversion structures at the slope toe and necessary locations using M7.5 mortar-grouted masonry, and smooth the surface with 1:2 cement mortar. After this step is completed, an inspection is required to ensure the drainage system is effective and structurally stable before proceeding to the next step.

[0029] This invention solves the technical problems of uneven slope surfaces and damage to soil integrity caused by post-construction trenching in traditional slope shaping by precisely trimming the slope according to a preset slope ratio and simultaneously reserving drainage trenches. This improves the accuracy of slope geometry and the preset accuracy of the drainage system, reducing the risk of concentrated water erosion caused by slope irregularities. By selecting suitable equipment and increasing the number of compaction passes according to soil characteristics for uniform compaction, this invention solves the technical problems of insufficient compaction in the base, especially in loose soil areas such as sandy soil, which easily leads to uneven settlement of the superstructure and soil loss. This improves the bearing capacity, uniformity, and overall stability of the slope base, reducing the risk of post-construction settlement and soil erosion. By simultaneously installing drainage pipes and constructing masonry structures on the compacted base, this invention solves the technical problems of weak bonding between the drainage system and the protective structure and the soil foundation, easily forming weak seepage zones. This improves the integrity, impermeability, and long-term reliability of the auxiliary facilities and the main slope, reducing the possibility of local slippage or drainage failure caused by improper interface treatment.

[0030] S2, coarse aggregate, cementitious material, pH adjuster, emulsion polymer and water are mixed to prepare an ecological concrete mixture with continuous through pores; The coarse aggregate is crushed stone with a particle size of 20 mm to 30 mm; the cementing material is silicate cement; and the pH adjuster includes at least one of sulfoaluminate cement and silica fume.

[0031] In one possible implementation, clean, hard crushed stone is selected, with a particle size strictly controlled between 20mm and 30mm. This gradation is conducive to forming a stable and interconnected porous skeleton structure. Ordinary Portland cement of grade 42.5 is used as the main cementitious component, and sulfoaluminate cement and silica fume are used in combination. Sulfoaluminate cement can consume the calcium hydroxide produced by the hydration of ordinary Portland cement, rapidly reducing the alkalinity of the system; silica fume exerts a micro-aggregate filling effect and secondary hydration activity, further refining the pores and reducing long-term alkalinity. The synergistic effect of the two aims to create a near-neutral microenvironment suitable for plant root growth in the early stages of concrete hardening. Acrylic copolymer emulsion is selected, its function being to form a flexible polymer film within the concrete, enhancing the bond strength between aggregates and improving the toughness, crack resistance, and adhesion to the slope substrate of the concrete.

[0032] The preferred mix proportion (by weight) is: 100 parts ordinary Portland cement, 220 parts crushed stone with a particle size of 20-30mm, 15 parts sulfoaluminate cement, 8 parts silica fume, 20 parts acrylic emulsion with a solid content of approximately 50% (10 parts based on pure solids), and 35 parts water (this amount of water can be slightly adjusted according to the workability of the mixture). This mix proportion has been designed, calculated, and experimentally verified to achieve the following performance indicators: bulk density of the mixture ≥ 1800 kg / m³. 3After hardening, the porosity of the concrete is within the range of 25%±5%, the compressive strength after 28 days is ≥8.0 MPa, and the pH value of the pore liquid can drop below 9.0 after 28 days of curing.

[0033] First, pour the weighed ordinary Portland cement, sulfoaluminate cement, silica fume, and coarse aggregate into a forced mixer and dry mix for about 60 seconds to initially homogenize the components. Then, pre-mix the emulsion polymer with water and slowly add it to the mixing dry materials. Continue mixing for at least 3 minutes until all materials are uniformly mixed, the mixture has a consistent color, and the aggregate surface is completely coated with the paste, forming an eco-friendly concrete mixture with cohesive properties and point-contact adhesion between aggregates. At this stage, the mixture should exhibit a morphology where the paste coats the crushed stone, with the crushed stone overlapping to form pores, laying the foundation for the subsequent formation of a continuous, interconnected pore structure.

[0034] Through the specific material combination and refined preparation process described above, the ecological concrete mixture obtained in this step fundamentally reconciles the contradiction between strength and porosity, and actively creates a low-alkali, vegetation-friendly environment, providing material support for the subsequent construction of a mechanically reliable and ecologically active slope protection layer.

[0035] This invention solves the technical problem of severely inhibiting seed germination and plant root growth due to the highly alkaline environment generated by cement hydration by compounding sulfoaluminate cement and silica fume as pH adjusters in the cementitious system. It chemically neutralizes and stabilizes the pH value inside the pores, creating a suitable microenvironment for long-term plant survival and improving the initial survival rate and long-term sustainability of ecological restoration. Furthermore, by incorporating emulsion polymers and ensuring thorough mixing, it addresses the technical problems of weak point contact bonding between aggregates in porous concrete, high overall brittleness, and easy loosening and detachment. This forms a flexible organic-inorganic composite cementitious network between the aggregates, significantly enhancing the integrity, toughness, and crack resistance of the concrete, and reducing the risk of cracking during wet-dry cycles. The risk of structural damage due to freeze-thaw cycles is mitigated. By employing validated specific proportions and step-by-step mixing techniques, the technical problems of inaccurate on-site mix proportion control and large performance dispersion are solved, ensuring the stability and reproducibility of the properties of each batch of mixture, such as bulk density, porosity, strength, and alkalinity. This improves the quality controllability of large-scale construction and the consistency of the final project effect. In summary, step S2 systematically overcomes key technical bottlenecks such as the contradiction between strength and porosity of ecological concrete, the toxicity of highly alkaline plants, and insufficient durability of the concrete itself from the perspective of materials science and preparation technology. This provides a fundamental material guarantee for constructing a mechanically stable, chemically environmentally friendly, and long-term reliable ecological slope protection layer.

[0036] S3, perform porosity and compressive strength testing on the ecological concrete mixture, including: S31, Take a representative sample from the same batch of ecological concrete mixture; S32, the representative sample is poured or vibrated into a standard mold, the mold is removed after molding, and the sample is cured under standard curing conditions to the target age to obtain a standard specimen; S33a, Place the standard specimen cured to the target age on a compression testing machine and test the ultimate compressive strength of the standard specimen; S33b, the effective porosity of the standard specimen is determined by immersion method or image analysis method; S34. The tested ultimate compressive strength value and effective porosity value are compared with the preset compressive strength threshold and the preset porosity range. If the tested ultimate compressive strength value is greater than or equal to the preset compressive strength threshold and the tested effective porosity value is within the preset porosity range, then the test is deemed qualified.

[0037] In one possible implementation, sufficient samples are randomly taken at least three times from the same batch of mixed material after mixing. These samples are then quickly and manually mixed evenly on a steel plate to form representative samples. The representative samples are then placed in two layers into a 150mm × 150mm × 150mm standard cubic mold pre-coated with a release agent. After each layer is added, the mixture is vibrated on a vibrating table for approximately 15 seconds, or evenly tapped with a rubber mallet on the outside of the mold, to moderately compact the mixture while maintaining its porous structure and eliminating air pockets. After 24 hours of molding, the mold is carefully removed. The specimens are then immediately transferred to a standard curing room at 24°C and 95% relative humidity for curing. In this embodiment, the target curing age is set at 28 days to evaluate its long-term stability.

[0038] Remove the standard specimens, cured for 28 days, from the curing room and wipe off surface moisture with a damp cloth. Immediately place them in the center of the bearing plate of a pressure testing machine with an accuracy class of not less than 1. Apply a continuous and uniform load at a loading rate of 0.5 MPa / s to 0.8 MPa / s until the specimen fails, and record its ultimate compressive strength value in MPa.

[0039] Take another specimen from the same batch and cured under the same conditions. Dry the specimen in an oven at 105°C until constant weight and record it as the first dry weight. Place the specimen in a vacuum container and evacuate it to an absolute pressure below 5 kPa and maintain this for 30 minutes. While maintaining the vacuum, inject clean water until the specimen is completely submerged. Continue evacuating for another 30 minutes. Release the vacuum and immerse the specimen in water at normal pressure for more than 4 hours. Take out the saturated specimen, wipe off the surface water with a damp towel, and immediately weigh its surface dry weight, which is the second dry weight. Calculate the effective porosity as the ratio of the difference between the second dry weight and the first dry weight to the product of the density of water and the volume of the specimen.

[0040] In this embodiment, the preset compressive strength threshold is set to 8.0 MPa, and the preset porosity range is set to 20%~30%. The tested ultimate compressive strength value is compared with the preset compressive strength threshold; simultaneously, the tested effective porosity value is compared with the preset porosity range. If the tested ultimate compressive strength value is greater than or equal to the preset compressive strength threshold, and the tested effective porosity value is within the preset porosity range, then the batch of ecological concrete mixture is deemed qualified. If any indicator fails to meet the standard, it is deemed unqualified. The cause must be traced immediately, the mix proportion or process parameters adjusted, and the mixture remixed and tested until it is qualified.

[0041] This invention addresses the technical problems of inaccurate and unreliable data from on-site experience-based judgments or simple testing methods by employing techniques such as pressure testing and vacuum saturation immersion to determine ultimate compressive strength and effective porosity. It provides scientific and universally accepted quantitative data as a basis for judgment, improving the accuracy and authority of quality control. Furthermore, by setting clear compressive strength thresholds and porosity ranges as acceptance criteria, it solves the technical problems of vague and easily compromised construction acceptance standards, establishing a clear and rigid quality firewall. This prevents substandard materials from entering subsequent processes, fundamentally reducing the risk of slope protection structure failure or poor ecological restoration results due to substandard material performance. In summary, step S3 is not merely a simple material test; it constructs a preventative, data-driven quality control mechanism. This mechanism, through standardized technical means, effectively solves key technical management problems such as the difficulty in synergistic control of ecological concrete performance and the vagueness of acceptance standards. It provides an indispensable guarantee for transforming ideal laboratory mixes into stable and reliable engineering entities on-site, significantly improving the overall success rate and durability of the project.

[0042] S4. If the porosity and compressive strength tests both meet the target requirements, the ecological concrete mixture is applied to the surface of the pretreated sample slope to form a porous ecological concrete slope protection layer. The test slope is an experimental area designed specifically for preliminary testing, data collection, and scheme optimization, used to simulate real engineering conditions.

[0043] The sample slope can be a controllable observation model established based on materials, structure and environment, or it can be an independent area adjacent to or with similar geological conditions to the main body of the actual engineering slope for preliminary verification, or it can be an area separately demarcated from the target ditch slope.

[0044] In one possible implementation, a wet spraying method is used. Specifically, qualified eco-friendly concrete mix is ​​loaded into the spraying machine hopper. The sprayer operator controls the nozzle, maintaining a vertical distance of 0.8–1.2 meters between the nozzle and the slope surface of the sample, and keeping it as perpendicular to the slope as possible. The equipment is turned on, and the spraying pressure is adjusted, typically 0.3–0.6 MPa, to ensure the mix is ​​sprayed evenly onto the slope surface in a stable and continuous flow. During spraying, the nozzle should move slowly and uniformly in a spiral or S-shape to ensure complete coverage. Construction should be carried out in layers, with each layer controlled to a thickness of 40–50 mm. After the first layer is sprayed, wait approximately 30 minutes until the surface is slightly dry and no longer dripping before applying the second layer, until the designed total thickness of 100 mm is achieved. Layered construction helps control the uniformity of the pore structure and prevents sagging.

[0045] By controlling the water-cement ratio of the mixture, the spraying pressure, and the nozzle movement speed in synergy, the pore structure of the formed slope protection layer is precisely regulated. The goal is to achieve and maintain a porosity and permeability of 20%-30% in the hardened slope protection layer. During construction, the wet thickness of the sprayed layer is checked continuously using a pin method to ensure that the final thickness meets the design requirements. The allowable thickness deviation is controlled within 1mm.

[0046] After spraying, use a scraper or special roller to lightly level the surface, but avoid excessive compaction or smoothing to protect the formed porous structure. 2-4 hours after the sprayed layer has initially set, immediately cover the surface with plastic film or geotextile for moisture retention and curing. The curing period should be no less than 24 hours, during which time avoid foot traffic or direct water impact.

[0047] This invention solves the technical problems of aggregate segregation, uneven pore distribution, and difficulty in thickness control caused by manual pouring or dry spraying processes by employing a wet spraying method and precisely controlling the nozzle distance, movement trajectory, and layer thickness. It achieves uniform and dense adhesion of the mixture on the slope surface, forming a porous structure with precise thickness, uniform aggregate-slurry distribution, and continuous interconnected pores, thus improving the overall uniformity and reliability of the slope protection layer. Furthermore, by immediately covering and moisturizing the soil after initial setting, it addresses the technical problems of early cracking and insufficient strength development in porous concrete due to its large surface area and easy water evaporation. This promotes continuous cement hydration and polymer film formation, significantly enhancing the early strength and long-term durability of the slope protection layer and reducing the risk of micro-cracks caused by improper curing. Finally, by constructing a standardized physical model on the sample slope, it solves the technical problems of high risk and cost associated with directly testing new formulas or processes on engineering slopes. It creates a standard testbed with strictly controlled materials, processes, and environmental conditions, providing a reliable physical basis for obtaining accurate and reliable ecological response monitoring data and making scientific optimization decisions.

[0048] S5 involves spraying a vegetative slurry containing plant seeds, water-retaining agents, and nutrients into the pores of the ecological concrete slope protection layer. Before spraying the vegetation slurry, the process also includes laying a layer of soil of a predetermined thickness and leveling it. The leveling process is carried out according to a slope ratio of 1:1.5.

[0049] The plant seeds include at least Manila grass seeds, Loropetalum chinense seeds, and Yunnan willow seeds; the water-retaining agent includes at least one of polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate, bentonite, and zeolite; the nutrients include at least organic fertilizer, microbial fertilizer, and soil conditioner.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the prepared loam is evenly transported to the slope and spread manually with lightweight tools, controlling the thickness to 100mm. Elevation lines can be used for control during construction. After spreading, fine leveling is performed immediately. Leveling must strictly adhere to the designed slope ratio of 1:1.5, using a screed or a special slope scraper to ensure the resulting loam surface has an accurate slope, is smooth and even, and free of local depressions or accumulations.

[0051] A mixed seed approach is adopted to adapt to multi-level ecological restoration, including: Manila grass seeds or similar slope protection grasses: used as herbaceous plants to quickly cover the ground surface and prevent soil erosion; Loropetalum chinense seeds or seedlings: used as a shrub layer to provide mid-layer cover and landscape color; Yunnan willow seeds or suitable cuttings: mainly planted at the top or bottom of slopes as a tree layer, providing long-term stability and a landscape framework.

[0052] The water-retaining agent selected is a polyacrylamide (PAM) type polymer water-retaining agent. It has an extremely high water absorption rate, which can effectively adsorb and slowly release moisture to cope with the initial drought.

[0053] The nutrients are provided in a compound nutritional pack, which includes: Organic fertilizers, such as well-rotted sheep manure or commercial organic fertilizers, provide comprehensive nutrients and improve substrate structure; Microbial fertilizers: such as inoculants containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, which promote nutrient conversion and root health; Soil conditioners, such as humic acid, stimulate seed germination and root development; Other additives include binders such as cellulose ethers to ensure slurry adhesion, dyes to facilitate construction observation, and water.

[0054] In this embodiment, the following quantities are used per cubic meter of slurry: 900L water, 3-5kg binder, 1-2kg water-retaining agent, and 50-80kg compound nutrients. Plant seeds are calculated based on the designed density. During mixing, the binder and water-retaining agent are first slowly added to the water and stirred at high speed until completely dissolved and dispersed. Then, the nutrients are added and stirred evenly. Finally, just before spraying, the plant seeds are added and stirred briefly at low speed until homogeneous.

[0055] Immediately after leveling the loam layer, evenly spray the prepared vegetation slurry onto the leveled loam surface and into the surface pores of the ecological concrete slope protection layer. The nozzle should be 1.5-2.0 meters above the slope surface, spraying in a mist-like manner to ensure the slurry penetrates the concrete pores and forms a uniform cover layer on the loam surface. The spraying volume should be sufficient to completely cover the slope surface, with visible slurry penetration into the pores, and without significant runoff. The final sowing density of Manila grass seeds should reach 20 g / m². 2 .

[0056] This invention solves the technical problem of uneven ecological concrete surfaces, which make it difficult to directly provide a stable rooting base for plants, by precisely laying and leveling a 100mm thick layer of loam according to the designed slope ratio. This significantly improves the uniformity of seed-soil contact, seedling establishment success rate, and the uniform dispersion of slope runoff, reducing the risk of soil erosion and vegetation alopecia due to uneven substrate. Furthermore, by formulating and spraying a special vegetative slurry containing specific water-retaining agents and compound nutrients, it solves the technical problems of separation of seeds, water, and nutrients, and the short and unstable supply in traditional hydroseeding. This ensures the continuous water and fertilizer requirements for seed germination and early seedling growth, improving the germination rate and early survival rate of plants on poor, porous substrates. By compounding the slurry with... By using seeds of Manila grass, Loropetalum chinense, and Salix yunnanensis, this technique addresses the technical challenges of simple structure, weak ecological function, and poor long-term stability in single-grass communities. It simulates and constructs a multi-layered composite vegetation community combining trees, shrubs, and grasses. This not only rapidly achieves ground cover to prevent erosion but also lays the foundation for long-term ecological stability, biodiversity enhancement, and landscape richness. Furthermore, by employing adhesives to ensure the adhesion and erosion resistance of the slurry on the slope, the technique solves the problem of the slurry being washed away by rain or watering before solidification and planting. This creates a temporary protective bonding layer around the seeds, effectively fixing them to the nutrients and reducing water and nutrient loss during the initial maintenance phase, thus creating a stable microenvironment for successful seed germination.

[0057] S6. Based on the type of plant seed and the amount of rainfall, implement the corresponding maintenance strategy. In one possible approach, initial maintenance lasts from day 1 to 7, with the core objective of moisturizing and promoting germination. During this stage, regardless of plant species, the soil and concrete surface must be kept continuously moist. Maintenance primarily involves misting the soil 1-2 times daily, with the water flow rate controlled at ≤3m / s to avoid erosion. Simultaneously, check the covering material, such as non-woven fabric, for damage to prevent excessive moisture evaporation.

[0058] Mid-term care lasts from day 8 to 30, with the core objective of protecting seedlings and promoting growth. Care strategies are dynamically adjusted based on plant emergence and weather conditions. Emphasis is placed on ensuring the water needs of sprouted seedlings and supplementing them with nutrients.

[0059] Post-construction maintenance begins on day 30 and continues until the turf is established. The core objectives are to promote vigorous growth and community building. The focus shifts to supporting the rooting and growth of woody plants, such as shrubs and trees, to facilitate the natural succession of the plant community.

[0060] Key points for plant species-specific maintenance: Manila grass or other pioneer herbs are extremely sensitive to soil surface moisture throughout the entire care period, especially in the early stages. Care should ensure that the root layer (0-5cm) remains moist. In the mid-stage, a low-concentration foliar fertilizer can be applied in conjunction with watering to promote rapid soil coverage. For Loropetalum chinense or other shrubs, ensure the base of the seeds or seedlings is moist in the early stages. In the later stages, more attention should be paid to the depth of watering, encouraging the roots to penetrate deeper into the soil and concrete pores, reducing the frequency of shallow watering, and increasing the amount of water per watering.

[0061] For Yunnan willow or other trees, the key to maintaining the seedlings is to ensure deep soil moisture and promote taproot development. Drip irrigation or fixed-point deep irrigation can be used to avoid competing with shallow-rooted herbaceous plants for water.

[0062] Before and during maintenance, daily rainfall data for the site and surrounding areas must be obtained or monitored. On days without rainfall, the basic maintenance plan for each stage and type of plant must be strictly followed. On days with light to moderate rain or daily rainfall ≤15mm, artificial watering can be reduced or eliminated, but it is necessary to observe whether the rainwater is evenly distributed on the slope. On days with heavy rainfall or daily rainfall >15mm, it is necessary to check the slope for erosion marks and whether seeds or slurry have been lost after the rain. If necessary, re-spraying slurry or re-seeding should be carried out after the rain stops. At the same time, heavy rainfall may temporarily lower the pH value of the substrate, which needs to be monitored in subsequent maintenance.

[0063] This invention addresses the technical problem of traditional slope protection maintenance, which uses a one-size-fits-all approach and fails to meet the specific needs of different plant species at each stage, such as seed germination, seedling growth, and root establishment, by establishing a phased general strategy covering the initial, middle, and late stages and different maintenance points based on plant species. It provides water and nutrient management tailored to the physiological and ecological habits of each plant species, significantly improving the rapid coverage of pioneer grasses, the establishment success rate of shrubs, and the deep rooting effect of trees, while reducing the risk of uneven plant population development or the elimination of some species due to improper maintenance. Furthermore, by establishing a decision-making mechanism linked to real-time environmental precipitation data, it solves the problem of water waste or insufficient maintenance after rainfall caused by the disconnect between maintenance operations and natural precipitation. This achieves efficient coordination and intelligent avoidance between artificial maintenance and natural water, significantly improving water resource utilization efficiency and reducing unnecessary maintenance energy consumption and operating costs while ensuring plant water needs are met.

[0064] S7, monitor the germination rate, growth rate and survival rate of the plant seeds, and monitor the pH value in the pores of the ecological concrete slope protection layer. One possible approach is to initiate a systematic and quantitative monitoring program simultaneously with the curing phase of the sample slope. The aim is to objectively and accurately obtain firsthand data on plant growth and changes in the concrete microenvironment, providing a scientific basis for subsequent optimization decisions.

[0065] Germination rate is the percentage of seeds that have germinated and emerged from the ground per unit area out of the total number of sown seeds. It reflects seed vigor and initial environmental suitability.

[0066] Growth rate is measured periodically for major plant species, such as Manila grass and Loropetalum chinense, using average plant height or branch length to calculate the growth per unit time. This reflects the vegetative growth status of the plants in the composite substrate.

[0067] Survival rate is the percentage of surviving plant individuals at the end of the monitoring period relative to the initial number of seedlings. It reflects the plant's settling-in ability and stress resistance.

[0068] The pore pH value represents the acidity or alkalinity of the aqueous solution within the pores of the ecological concrete slope protection layer. It directly reflects the friendliness of the concrete substrate's chemical environment to the root system.

[0069] On the sample slope, at least three fixed monitoring plots of 1m × 1m were evenly distributed at the top, middle, and bottom of the slope. All plant monitoring was conducted within these fixed plots. Starting from the 5th day after sowing, observations were recorded every 3 days until seedling emergence was basically stable. After seedling emergence was stable, the plant height of the main plant species was measured every 7-10 days. Sampling and measurements were taken on the 7th, 14th, 28th, and 56th days of the maintenance period. The pore liquid extraction method was used, employing a miniature soil solution sampler, such as the Rhizon SAMPLER, inserted into the concrete layer to a depth of approximately 50mm to extract the pore water solution, which was immediately measured using a portable pH meter.

[0070] This invention addresses the technical problem that single or sporadic monitoring cannot capture the dynamic processes and interrelationships between plant growth and environmental factors by designing and implementing a sequential monitoring frequency covering different key growth stages, such as germination, rapid growth, and stationary phases. It obtains a continuous dynamic dataset of plant growth parameters and pore pH values ​​evolving over time, enabling not only assessment of the final state but also analysis of trends and identification of inflection points, thus profoundly revealing the dynamic evolution of the remediation system. Furthermore, by strictly limiting monitoring to sample slopes as a standardized experimental platform, it solves the problems of high cost, uncontrollable conditions, and significant data interference associated with comprehensive monitoring at large engineering sites. This ensures the accuracy and reliability of the information upon which subsequent optimization decisions rely, fundamentally reducing the risk of incorrect optimization direction due to poor data quality.

[0071] S8. Based on the germination rate, growth rate and survival rate of the plant seeds, determine the number of various plant seeds sown in the plant seeds, and based on the pH value in the pores of the ecological concrete slope protection layer, determine the content of pH adjuster in the ecological concrete mixture. The determination of the quantity of each type of plant seed to be sown based on the germination rate, growth rate, and survival rate of the plant seeds includes: S81a, acquire or measure environmental indicator data corresponding to various types of plant seeds, characterizing the soil improvement and soil stabilization effects of various plant seeds, wherein the environmental indicator data includes at least one of the following: average root depth, root biomass density, and its coefficient of increase in soil organic matter content. S81b, Based on the environmental index data, calculate the soil improvement score for various plant seeds; S81c, Based on the germination rate, growth rate and survival rate of the plant seeds, calculate the ecological adaptability score of various plant seeds; S81d, the soil improvement score and the ecological adaptability score are combined according to a predetermined weight to obtain the comprehensive performance score of various plant seeds; S81e, based on the comprehensive performance score, determine the proportion weight of various plant seeds, wherein the higher the comprehensive performance score, the greater the proportion weight.

[0072] The determination of the pH adjuster content in the ecological concrete mixture based on the pH value in the pores of the ecological concrete slope protection layer includes: S82a: Obtain pH data in the pores of the ecological concrete slope protection layer collected at multiple monitoring time points on the sample slope, and construct a pH monitoring sequence in chronological order. S82b, perform trend analysis on the pH monitoring sequence to calculate the pH change rate and pH fluctuation range within a specified maintenance cycle; S82c, compare the data in the pH monitoring sequence with the preset target pH range, and calculate the proportion of data points that exceed the target pH range and the average degree of deviation; S82d, the pH change rate, pH fluctuation range, proportion of data points outside the range, and average deviation are used as input parameters and input into the pre-established pH adjuster dosage feedback model; the pH adjuster dosage feedback model determines and outputs the optimized pH adjuster content for actual slope construction.

[0073] In one possible implementation, environmental index data are obtained through preliminary pot experiments. The average root depth is as follows: Manila grass (shallow roots, 0.2m), Loropetalum chinense (medium roots, 0.5-0.8m), and Yunnan willow (deep roots, greater than 1.5m). For each plant species, the environmental index data are normalized to the [0,1] interval. For example, among the three plants, the deepest root depth is set to 1, the shallowest to 0, and intermediate values ​​are calculated using linear interpolation. A weighted summation method is used to calculate the soil improvement score.

[0074] Based on the germination rate, growth rate, and survival rate of plant seeds, the historical germination rate, average growth rate, and historical survival rate of each type of plant seed on the sample slope were normalized, and then the ecological adaptability score was calculated using a weighted summation method.

[0075] The two scores are combined according to the predetermined global weights to calculate the comprehensive performance score. The predetermined weights reflect the optimization orientation. If the goal is to achieve rapid greening and stability in the short term, the ecological adaptability weight should be higher. If the goal is to achieve long-term soil improvement and deep stabilization, the soil improvement weight should be higher. In this embodiment, the soil improvement weight is set to 0.4 and the ecological adaptability weight is set to 0.6.

[0076] Calculate the weighting ratio of each type of plant seed; the higher the overall efficiency score, the larger its proportion in the actual sowing mixture. Combine the calculated weighting ratio i of each type of plant seed with the initially designed total seed sowing density to calculate the specific quantity of each type of plant seed after optimization.

[0077] In one possible implementation, the pore pH values ​​measured on days 7, 14, 28, and 56 in S7 are arranged chronologically to obtain a sequence. The rate of pH change is used as a characterization of the rate of alkalinity decrease by calculating the slope of the linear regression of the sequence. The larger the negative slope, the faster the alkalinity decreases. The stability of alkalinity is characterized by calculating the standard deviation of the sequence to represent the pH fluctuation range.

[0078] Set a target pH range, for example: [8.5, 9.5]. This range should balance plant alkali tolerance and cement hydration stability. The proportion of data points outside the range is the percentage of data points outside the range in the statistical sequence out of the total number of points; the average deviation is the average of the absolute values ​​of the deviations from the nearest range boundary for all data points outside the range.

[0079] The pre-established pH adjuster dosage feedback model can be a multiple linear regression model. This model is trained using historical experimental data. Its inputs are the rate of change, fluctuation amplitude, out-of-limit ratio, and average deviation. The output is the pH adjuster dosage adjustment coefficient k. For example, if the baseline dosage is C, the optimized dosage is C*k. If the monitoring sequence shows that the pH decreases slowly or the rate of change is close to 0, and remains consistently above the target range (i.e., a high exceedance rate and a large deviation), the model's output k value will be greater than 1, indicating that the amount of pH regulator needs to be increased to accelerate pH reduction and control it within the target range. Inputting the calculated parameters into the model yields the optimized pH regulator content for actual slope construction, tailored to the current environment and material characteristics.

[0080] This invention addresses the problem of traditional seed formulations that only consider short-term adaptability such as seedling survival and ignore long-term ecological contributions by introducing and quantifying soil functional environmental indicators such as root depth, biomass density, and organic matter enhancement coefficient, and synthesizing a comprehensive performance score with ecological adaptability scores according to predetermined weights. It upgrades single-objective survival optimization to multi-objective functional synergistic optimization, ensuring that the final determined plant ratio not only pursues high survival rates but also actively guides vegetation communities towards stronger deep anchoring, soil and water conservation, and soil fertility improvement capabilities, thereby enhancing the long-term self-sustaining capacity and comprehensive ecological benefits of the ecological restoration system. Furthermore, by constructing and analyzing pH monitoring sequences and calculating multi-dimensional dynamic characteristic parameters such as change rate, fluctuation amplitude, target deviation ratio, and degree, this invention solves the problem of judging alkalinity environment solely based on single-point or endpoint pH values, failing to reflect its spatiotemporal evolution and stability. It achieves refined, multi-dimensional diagnosis of the dynamic processes of the internal chemical environment of concrete, providing a basis for theoretical... The study provides in-depth information far exceeding static measurements regarding alkalinity change patterns, the long-term effectiveness of regulators, and the precise identification of adjustment needs. By inputting dynamic pH characteristic parameters into pre-established quantitative optimization and feedback models, and using model outputs to drive parameter decisions, the study solves the technical problems of traditional optimization relying on human experience, strong subjectivity, and difficulty in handling complex relationships among multiple variables. It transforms the determination of key construction parameters from experience-based inference to data-driven algorithmic decision-making, greatly improving the objectivity, scientific rigor, repeatability, and ability to handle complex information, while reducing subjective judgment errors. By establishing a complete data flow and decision chain from monitoring to optimization to application, the study addresses the technical problem of disconnect between design, construction, and maintenance in ecological restoration projects, making it difficult to form continuous improvement based on effective feedback. At the methodological level, it incorporates an intelligent adaptive cycle of perception-analysis-decision-execution, enabling the entire restoration system to self-adjust and optimize based on previous empirical results.

[0081] In summary, this step is the core hub for achieving intelligence and precision in this method. Through an innovative multi-dimensional evaluation system, dynamic feature analysis methods, and model-based decision-making techniques, it systematically solves key technical bottlenecks in ecological restoration, such as the difficulty of balancing multiple objectives, weak environmental dynamics perception, and reliance on experience for parameter decisions. This step elevates this invention from an advanced construction process to an ecosystem engineering solution with learning and evolution capabilities, significantly improving the predictability, optimization, and long-term robustness of restoration effects.

[0082] S9 involves constructing, spraying, and maintaining the actual slope surface after pretreatment, based on the determined quantity of various plant seeds and the determined pH adjuster content in the ecological concrete mixture.

[0083] In one possible implementation, the laboratory benchmark mix proportion of ecological concrete is adjusted based on the optimized pH adjuster content output by the pH adjuster dosage feedback model in S8, forming an ecological concrete mixture for actual engineering production. For example, if the optimization coefficient k=1.15, the dosage of pH adjusters, such as sulfoaluminate cement and silica fume, needs to be increased by 15%. The seed ratio weights of various plants calculated in step S8 are recalculated, and a seed procurement and mixing plan for the actual slope is formulated. For example, if the optimized weight of Manila grass is 0.5, Loropetalum chinense is 0.3, and Salix yunnanensis is 0.2, the accurate dosage of each species is calculated according to this ratio and the total sowing density.

[0084] Thus, the ecological concrete restoration method for ditch slopes proposed in this invention has completed a complete, closed-loop technical process, from experimental design and sample verification to data monitoring, parameter optimization, and engineering application. The successful implementation on actual ditch slopes signifies that the optimization results obtained through preliminary scientific experiments have been transformed into an ecological restoration engineering entity with a high expected success rate and long-term stability in real-world scenarios. This fully demonstrates the data-driven, adaptive, and engineering reliable nature of the method proposed in this invention.

[0085] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological concrete restoration method for ditch slopes, characterized in that, include: S1, Pre-treatment of the target ditch slope for repair; S2, coarse aggregate, cementitious material, pH adjuster, emulsion polymer and water are mixed to prepare an ecological concrete mixture with continuous through pores; S3, The porosity and compressive strength of the ecological concrete mixture are tested; S4. When the porosity and compressive strength tests both meet the target requirements, the ecological concrete mixture is applied to the pretreated sample slope to form a porous ecological concrete slope protection layer. S5 involves spraying a vegetative slurry containing plant seeds, water-retaining agents, and nutrients into the pores of the ecological concrete slope protection layer. S6. Based on the type of plant seed and the amount of rainfall, implement the corresponding maintenance strategy. S7, monitor the germination rate, growth rate and survival rate of the plant seeds, and monitor the pH value in the pores of the ecological concrete slope protection layer. S8. Based on the germination rate, growth rate and survival rate of the plant seeds, determine the number of various plant seeds sown in the plant seeds, and based on the pH value in the pores of the ecological concrete slope protection layer, determine the content of pH adjuster in the ecological concrete mixture. S9 involves constructing, spraying, and maintaining the actual slope surface after pretreatment, based on the determined quantity of various plant seeds and the determined pH adjuster content in the ecological concrete mixture.

2. The ecological concrete restoration method for ditch slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pretreatment for repairing the target ditch slope includes: S11, trim the target ditch slope according to the preset slope ratio, remove loose stones and loose soil from the surface of the target ditch slope, and reserve drainage pipe trenches at preset locations; S12, compact the repaired ditch slope; S13, Lay drainage pipes in the reserved drainage pipe trench and construct masonry structure.

3. The ecological concrete restoration method for ditch slopes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The compaction treatment of the repaired ditch slope includes: S121. Based on the dimensions and slope of the target ditch slope, determine the appropriate compaction equipment for compaction. S122, uniformly compact the surface of the repaired ditch slope; for areas with sandy soil, increase the number of compaction passes to improve the density of the base and prevent soil loss.

4. The ecological concrete restoration method for ditch slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coarse aggregate is crushed stone with a particle size of 20 mm to 30 mm; the cementing material is silicate cement; and the pH adjuster includes at least one of sulfoaluminate cement and silica fume.

5. The ecological concrete restoration method for ditch slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The porosity and compressive strength testing of the ecological concrete mixture includes: S31, Take a representative sample from the same batch of ecological concrete mixture; S32, the representative sample is poured or vibrated into a standard mold, the mold is removed after molding, and the sample is cured under standard curing conditions to the target age to obtain a standard specimen; S33a, Place the standard specimen cured to the target age on a compression testing machine and test the ultimate compressive strength of the standard specimen; S33b, the effective porosity of the standard specimen is determined by immersion method or image analysis method; S34. The tested ultimate compressive strength value and effective porosity value are compared with the preset compressive strength threshold and the preset porosity range. If the tested ultimate compressive strength value is greater than or equal to the preset compressive strength threshold and the tested effective porosity value is within the preset porosity range, then the test is deemed qualified.

6. The ecological concrete restoration method for ditch slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the quantity of each type of plant seed to be sown based on the germination rate, growth rate, and survival rate of the plant seeds includes: S81a, acquire or measure environmental indicator data corresponding to various types of plant seeds, characterizing the soil improvement and soil stabilization effects of various plant seeds, wherein the environmental indicator data includes at least one of the following: average root depth, root biomass density, and its coefficient of increase in soil organic matter content. S81b, Based on the environmental index data, calculate the soil improvement score for various plant seeds; S81c, Based on the germination rate, growth rate and survival rate of the plant seeds, calculate the ecological adaptability score of various plant seeds; S81d, the soil improvement score and the ecological adaptability score are combined according to a predetermined weight to obtain the comprehensive performance score of various plant seeds; S81e, based on the comprehensive performance score, determine the proportion weight of various plant seeds, wherein the higher the comprehensive performance score, the greater the proportion weight.

7. The ecological concrete restoration method for ditch slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the pH adjuster content in the ecological concrete mixture based on the pH value in the pores of the ecological concrete slope protection layer includes: S82a: Obtain pH data in the pores of the ecological concrete slope protection layer collected at multiple monitoring time points on the sample slope, and construct a pH monitoring sequence in chronological order. S82b, perform trend analysis on the pH monitoring sequence to calculate the pH change rate and pH fluctuation range within a specified maintenance cycle; S82c, compare the data in the pH monitoring sequence with the preset target pH range, and calculate the proportion of data points that exceed the target pH range and the average degree of deviation; S82d, the pH change rate, pH fluctuation range, proportion of data points outside the range, and average deviation are used as input parameters and input into the pre-established pH adjuster dosage feedback model; the pH adjuster dosage feedback model determines and outputs the optimized pH adjuster content for actual slope construction.

8. The ecological concrete restoration method for ditch slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before spraying the vegetation slurry, the process also includes laying a layer of soil of a predetermined thickness and leveling it. The leveling process is carried out according to a slope ratio of 1:1.

5.

9. The ecological concrete restoration method for ditch slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plant seeds include at least Manila grass seeds, Loropetalum chinense seeds, and Yunnan willow seeds; the water-retaining agent includes at least one of polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate, bentonite, and zeolite; the nutrients include at least organic fertilizer, microbial fertilizer, and soil conditioner.

10. The ecological concrete restoration method for ditch slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sample slope is an experimental area specifically designed for preliminary testing, data collection, and scheme optimization, used to simulate real engineering conditions.

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