Aluminum alloy door and window self-adapting opening and closing and ventilation control system based on environment perception

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of door and window adaptive control, in particular to an aluminum alloy door and window adaptive opening and closing and ventilation control system based on environment sensing, wherein a comprehensive control module generates a final control instruction according to a first control strategy or a second control strategy generated by a ventilation decision management module and a heat bridge effect compensation control instruction obtained, and adjusts the opening and closing state and an opening angle of the aluminum alloy door and window. Before decision making, the application calculates a ventilation efficiency index under current environmental conditions by using indoor and outdoor temperature difference, outdoor wind speed, wind direction angle and other data, combining with the classic heat pressure and wind pressure theory in building ventilation engineering, and compares the ventilation efficiency index with a preset effective threshold value, so that the control strategy of the window opening angle is dynamically screened; indoor heat loss caused by blind opening of the window when there is no wind or the wind direction is not favorable is avoided, and the heating energy consumption burden of the building is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of adaptive control technology for doors and windows, specifically to an adaptive opening, closing, and ventilation control system for aluminum alloy doors and windows based on environmental perception. Background Technology

[0002] Aluminum alloy doors and windows are widely used in modern buildings due to their lightweight, corrosion resistance, and long service life. With the integration of IoT technology and green building concepts, intelligent aluminum alloy door and window systems with functions such as automatic opening and closing, remote control, and environmental sensing are gradually becoming a focus of industry attention. Current patents related to door and window control mainly focus on multi-sensor data fusion and threshold-based opening and closing control logic. For example, by placing sensors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, rainfall, and air quality in the window frame or indoors and outdoors, various environmental parameters are collected. When a parameter exceeds a preset fixed threshold, the window is triggered to open or close. Some solutions further introduce fuzzy rules or weight allocation mechanisms, attempting to make opening decisions based on multiple environmental parameters.

[0003] However, existing technologies typically respond passively only after environmental changes have reached a certain level, lacking the ability to predict the actual ventilation effect of opening windows. Furthermore, in practical applications, if outdoor wind speeds are too low or the wind direction is unfavorable, even opening windows may not result in effective indoor-outdoor air exchange, potentially leading to unnecessary heat loss. Simultaneously, existing technologies often fail to consider the impact of the environment on the windows themselves, neglecting the thermal bridging effect caused by the high thermal conductivity of the window materials (aluminum alloy). In winter or high-humidity environments, the temperature of the inner wall of the window frame profile easily falls below the indoor air dew point temperature, causing condensation on the surface. This severely affects indoor aesthetics and hygiene, yet existing technologies lack effective intervention methods to address this problem. Therefore, existing technologies have significant shortcomings. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adaptive opening and closing and ventilation control system for aluminum alloy doors and windows based on environmental perception, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an environmental perception-based adaptive opening and closing and ventilation control system for aluminum alloy doors and windows, comprising: The environmental sensing module is used to collect temperature data of the inner side of the window frame profile in real time through a distributed temperature sensor array deployed inside the aluminum alloy door and window frame; and to collect indoor and outdoor environmental parameters synchronously through environmental sensing sensors deployed in the indoor and outdoor environments. The ventilation efficiency analysis module is used to calculate the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions based on the obtained indoor and outdoor environmental parameters. The ventilation decision management module compares the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions with the preset minimum effective ventilation threshold. When the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions is less than the preset minimum effective ventilation threshold, the current environment is determined to be in an ineffective ventilation state, and a first control strategy is generated to adjust the window opening angle. When the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions is greater than or equal to the preset minimum effective ventilation threshold, the current environment is determined to be in an effective ventilation state, and a second control strategy is generated to adjust the window opening angle. The thermal bridge compensation control module obtains the minimum temperature inside the aluminum alloy door and window frame based on the temperature data acquired by the distributed temperature sensor array in the environmental perception module, and compares it with the dew point temperature of the indoor air. When the minimum temperature inside the aluminum alloy door and window frame is less than the dew point temperature of the indoor air, it determines that there is a risk of condensation in the window frame and generates a thermal bridge effect compensation control command. The integrated control module, based on the first or second control strategy generated by the ventilation decision management module and the acquired thermal bridge effect compensation control command, generates a final control command to adjust the opening and closing status and opening angle of the aluminum alloy doors and windows.

[0006] This invention does not simply open windows based on an environmental parameter exceeding a certain standard. Instead, before making a decision-making and control measure, it uses data such as the indoor-outdoor temperature difference, outdoor wind speed, and wind direction angle, combined with the classic thermal pressure and wind pressure theories in building ventilation engineering, to calculate the actual ventilation efficiency index that can be achieved by opening windows under the current meteorological conditions. When this index is lower than a preset effective threshold, it is determined that opening windows at this time is an ineffective ventilation situation, and the window opening angle is then actively reduced. This mechanism effectively avoids the loss of indoor heat caused by blindly opening windows when there is no wind or the wind direction is unfavorable, and helps to reduce the energy consumption burden of building heating and cooling in actual use.

[0007] Furthermore, the distributed temperature sensor array deployed inside the aluminum alloy door and window frame in the environmental sensing module includes at least temperature sensors deployed at the midpoint of the upper horizontal frame, the midpoint of the lower horizontal frame, the midpoint of the left vertical frame, and the midpoint of the right vertical frame. The real-time temperature data collected on the inside of the window frame profile includes indoor air temperature, indoor relative humidity, and indoor carbon dioxide concentration. The synchronously collected indoor and outdoor environmental parameters include at least one of the following: indoor temperature, outdoor temperature, indoor CO2 concentration, outdoor wind speed, the angle between the outdoor wind direction and the normal to the window surface, and rainfall intensity.

[0008] Furthermore, in the process of calculating the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions, the ventilation efficiency analysis module calculates the indoor and outdoor temperature difference based on the indoor and outdoor temperatures, and generates a temperature difference driving component that characterizes the thermal pressure driven ventilation capacity based on the obtained indoor and outdoor temperature difference and the vertical opening height of the window when it is closed. Based on the outdoor wind speed, the angle between the wind direction and the window surface normal, and the preset building wind pressure coefficient, a wind speed driving component representing the wind pressure-driven ventilation capability is generated. The sum of the temperature difference-driven component and the wind speed-driven component is calculated, and the product of the summation result and the efficiency reduction factor corresponding to the current physical state of the window is used as the ventilation efficiency index of the current window. The efficiency reduction factor has a value range of [0, 1]. The value of the efficiency reduction factor is obtained by querying the efficiency reduction factor value bound to the array consisting of the percentage of the window's open area and the screen's activation status in the preset data form. Each efficiency reduction factor value bound to the array consisting of the percentage of the window's open area and the screen's activation status in the preset data form is unique. The percentage of the window's open area is equal to the ratio of the current open area of ​​the window to the maximum open area.

[0009] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the temperature difference-driven component in the ventilation energy efficiency analysis module is as follows: in, This is the temperature difference driving component corresponding to the current time; This indicates the preset window flow coefficient corresponding to the given window type; This indicates the maximum opening area of ​​the corresponding window when the window sash is fully open. Indicates the current actual opening angle of the window sash. The corresponding window opening area ratio function value, the The value is equal to the actual opening angle of the current window sash. The quotient after dividing by the maximum opening angle of the corresponding window when the window sash is fully open; Represents the gravitational acceleration constant; This indicates the vertical opening height of the window when it is currently closed. This indicates the indoor-outdoor temperature difference at the current time. This represents the average indoor and outdoor temperatures at the current time.

[0010] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the wind speed-driven component in the ventilation energy efficiency analysis module is as follows: in, This represents the wind speed driving component corresponding to the current time. This indicates the preset building wind pressure coefficient; This indicates the outdoor wind speed at the current time. This indicates the angle between the wind direction and the normal to the window surface.

[0011] Furthermore, during the process of generating the first control strategy to regulate the window opening angle by the ventilation decision management module, the first control strategy includes: reducing the window opening angle once every preset time interval, and the reduction value of the window opening angle each time is a preset constant greater than zero; when the window is in the closed state, the reduction value of the window opening angle each time is replaced with zero. In the process of generating a second control strategy to adjust the window opening angle, the second control strategy includes: Calculate the carbon dioxide deviation between the indoor carbon dioxide concentration and the preset concentration threshold, and the temperature deviation between the indoor and outdoor temperature difference and the preset comfortable temperature difference range. Query the first optimal opening angle of the window sash corresponding to the carbon dioxide deviation value in the first preset form, and the second optimal opening angle of the window sash corresponding to the temperature deviation value in the second preset form. Take the obtained second optimal opening angle of the window sash and the maximum value of the second optimal opening angle of the window sash as the target opening angle of the window sash. The temperature deviation value is equal to the difference between the indoor and outdoor temperature difference and the minimum absolute comfort temperature difference; the minimum absolute comfort temperature difference is the element value with the smallest absolute difference between the indoor and outdoor temperature difference within the preset comfort temperature difference range; the carbon dioxide deviation value is equal to the difference between the indoor carbon dioxide concentration and the preset concentration threshold; the first preset form includes multiple arrays composed of carbon dioxide deviation values ​​and window opening angles, and the window opening angle in each array is the first opening angle of the window corresponding to the corresponding carbon dioxide deviation value; the second preset form includes multiple arrays composed of temperature deviation values ​​and window opening angles, and the window opening angle in each array is the second opening angle of the window corresponding to the corresponding temperature deviation value. The preset minimum effective ventilation threshold is a fixed value calculated based on the volume of the indoor space served by the corresponding window and the minimum number of air changes required per unit time in the corresponding indoor space.

[0012] Furthermore, the ventilation decision management module also includes an action lag judgment unit. When the obtained ventilation efficiency index changes from a state where the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions is less than the preset minimum effective ventilation threshold to a state where the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions is greater than or equal to the preset minimum effective ventilation threshold, the action lag judgment unit does not immediately switch the first control strategy to the second control strategy. Instead, it collects the ventilation efficiency index corresponding to each time point within N consecutive sampling periods after the current time. When the condition that the ventilation efficiency index under the corresponding environmental conditions at the corresponding time point is greater than or equal to the preset minimum effective ventilation threshold is met in each of the N consecutive sampling periods, the switch from the first control strategy to the second control strategy is executed; otherwise, the first control strategy is maintained. N is a preset positive integer and the duration of each sampling period is a preset value. In this embodiment, N≥3, and the duration of each sampling period is between 30 seconds and 120 seconds.

[0013] Furthermore, the dew point temperature of the indoor air in the thermal bridge compensation control module represents the critical temperature at which the indoor air cools to a relative humidity of 100% and begins to condense into water droplets, under the condition that the corresponding air pressure and water vapor content remain unchanged. The thermal bridge effect compensation control command includes: If the current window sash is open and the outdoor air temperature is higher than the indoor air dew point temperature, the corresponding thermal bridge effect compensation control command is to control the window sash opening angle to increase by a preset compensation angle increment based on the current window sash opening angle, so as to introduce more outdoor warm air to heat the window frame. If the current window sash is open and the outdoor air temperature is less than or equal to the indoor air dew point temperature, or if the current window sash is closed, the corresponding thermal bridge effect compensation control command is to control one or more electric heating elements built into the window frame profile to locally heat the window frame. Before the thermal bridge effect compensation control command is executed, if the sum of the current window opening angle and the preset compensation angle increment is greater than the current maximum opening angle of the window, the window opening angle is controlled to the maximum opening angle, and the electric heating element built into the window frame profile is activated to locally heat the window frame.

[0014] This invention can predict when the temperature at a certain point in the window frame is close to or lower than the dew point temperature of the indoor air, and take differentiated compensation measures based on the current state of the window: if the window is open and the outdoor air temperature is acceptable, the opening angle is appropriately increased to introduce outdoor air to heat the frame; if the window is closed or the outdoor air is too cold, the heating element embedded in the profile is activated to provide a slight local temperature increase. This mechanism can fundamentally alleviate the condensation problem of aluminum alloy doors and windows under specific climatic conditions.

[0015] Furthermore, during the process of the integrated control module generating the final control command to adjust the opening and closing state and opening angle of the aluminum alloy doors and windows, when the obtained thermal bridge effect compensation control command conflicts with the command portion of the obtained first control strategy or second control strategy regarding the window opening angle, the corresponding thermal bridge effect compensation control command shall be executed first.

[0016] When generating the final control command, this invention comprehensively considers the different analysis results from the ventilation decision management module and the thermal bridge compensation control module. By introducing the concept of priority, it ensures that in the event of a conflict of control objectives, the system can prioritize the safety of the door and window structure and the hygiene of the indoor environment, avoiding damage to the frame due to condensation caused by unilaterally pursuing ventilation or heat preservation.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: (1) Before making a decision, this invention uses data such as indoor and outdoor temperature difference, outdoor wind speed, and wind direction angle, combined with the classic thermal pressure and wind pressure theory in building ventilation engineering, to calculate the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions; and compares it with the preset effective threshold to dynamically select the control strategy for the window opening angle; thus avoiding the loss of indoor heat caused by blindly opening windows when there is no wind or the wind direction is unfavorable, which helps to reduce the building's heating energy consumption burden. (2) By arranging distributed temperature sensors on the inner sidewall of the aluminum alloy window frame profile, the present invention incorporates the thermophysical state of the aluminum alloy profile itself into the reference factors of the control strategy, effectively suppressing the occurrence of condensation on the window frame and alleviating the condensation problem of aluminum alloy doors and windows under specific climatic conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive opening and closing and ventilation control system for aluminum alloy doors and windows based on environmental perception, as proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see Figure 1This embodiment provides an environmentally aware adaptive opening, closing, and ventilation control system for aluminum alloy doors and windows, including: The environmental sensing module is used to collect temperature data of the inner side of the window frame profile in real time through a distributed temperature sensor array deployed inside the aluminum alloy door and window frame; and to collect indoor and outdoor environmental parameters synchronously through environmental sensing sensors deployed in the indoor and outdoor environments. The distributed temperature sensor array in the environmental sensing module, which is located inside the aluminum alloy door and window frame, includes at least the temperature sensors located at the midpoint of the upper horizontal frame, the midpoint of the lower horizontal frame, the midpoint of the left vertical frame, and the midpoint of the right vertical frame. The real-time temperature data collected on the inside of the window frame profile includes indoor air temperature, indoor relative humidity, and indoor carbon dioxide concentration. The synchronously collected indoor and outdoor environmental parameters include at least one of the following: indoor temperature, outdoor temperature, indoor CO2 concentration, outdoor wind speed, the angle between the outdoor wind direction and the normal to the window surface, and rainfall intensity.

[0021] The ventilation efficiency analysis module is used to calculate the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions based on the obtained indoor and outdoor environmental parameters. In the process of calculating the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions, the ventilation efficiency analysis module calculates the indoor and outdoor temperature difference based on the indoor and outdoor temperatures, and generates a temperature difference driving component that characterizes the thermal pressure driven ventilation capacity based on the obtained indoor and outdoor temperature difference and the vertical opening height of the window when it is closed. Based on the outdoor wind speed, the angle between the wind direction and the window surface normal, and the preset building wind pressure coefficient, a wind speed driving component representing the wind pressure-driven ventilation capability is generated. The sum of the temperature difference-driven component and the wind speed-driven component is calculated, and the product of the summation result and the efficiency reduction factor corresponding to the current physical state of the window is used as the ventilation efficiency index of the current window. The efficiency reduction factor has a value range of [0, 1]. The value of the efficiency reduction factor is obtained by querying the efficiency reduction factor value bound to the array consisting of the percentage of the window's open area and the screen's activation status in the preset data form. Each efficiency reduction factor value bound to the array consisting of the percentage of the window's open area and the screen's activation status in the preset data form is unique. The percentage of the window's open area is equal to the ratio of the current open area of ​​the window to the maximum open area.

[0022] The calculation formula for the temperature difference-driven component in the ventilation energy efficiency analysis module is as follows: in, This is the temperature difference driving component corresponding to the current time; This indicates the preset window flow coefficient corresponding to the given window type; This indicates the maximum opening area of ​​the corresponding window when the window sash is fully open. Indicates the current actual opening angle of the window sash. The corresponding window opening area ratio function value, the The value is equal to the actual opening angle of the current window sash. The quotient after dividing by the maximum opening angle of the corresponding window when the window sash is fully open; Represents the gravitational acceleration constant; This indicates the vertical opening height of the window when it is currently closed. This indicates the indoor-outdoor temperature difference at the current time. This represents the average indoor and outdoor temperatures at the current time.

[0023] The calculation formula for the wind speed-driven component in the ventilation energy efficiency analysis module is as follows: in, This represents the wind speed driving component corresponding to the current time. This indicates the preset building wind pressure coefficient; This indicates the outdoor wind speed at the current time. This indicates the angle between the wind direction and the normal to the window surface.

[0024] The ventilation decision management module compares the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions with the preset minimum effective ventilation threshold. When the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions is less than the preset minimum effective ventilation threshold, the current environment is determined to be in an ineffective ventilation state, and a first control strategy is generated to adjust the window opening angle. When the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions is greater than or equal to the preset minimum effective ventilation threshold, the current environment is determined to be in an effective ventilation state, and a second control strategy is generated to adjust the window opening angle. During the process of generating the first control strategy to adjust the window opening angle by the ventilation decision management module, the first control strategy includes: reducing the window opening angle once every preset time interval, and the reduction value of the window opening angle each time is a preset constant greater than zero; when the window is in the closed state, the reduction value of the window opening angle each time is replaced with zero. In the process of generating a second control strategy to adjust the window opening angle, the second control strategy includes: Calculate the carbon dioxide deviation between the indoor carbon dioxide concentration and the preset concentration threshold, and the temperature deviation between the indoor and outdoor temperature difference and the preset comfortable temperature difference range. Query the first optimal opening angle of the window sash corresponding to the carbon dioxide deviation value in the first preset form, and the second optimal opening angle of the window sash corresponding to the temperature deviation value in the second preset form. Take the obtained second optimal opening angle of the window sash and the maximum value of the second optimal opening angle of the window sash as the target opening angle of the window sash. The temperature deviation value is equal to the difference between the indoor and outdoor temperature difference and the minimum absolute comfort temperature difference; the minimum absolute comfort temperature difference is the element value with the smallest absolute difference between the indoor and outdoor temperature difference within the preset comfort temperature difference range; the carbon dioxide deviation value is equal to the difference between the indoor carbon dioxide concentration and the preset concentration threshold; the first preset form includes multiple arrays composed of carbon dioxide deviation values ​​and window opening angles, and the window opening angle in each array is the first opening angle of the window corresponding to the corresponding carbon dioxide deviation value; the second preset form includes multiple arrays composed of temperature deviation values ​​and window opening angles, and the window opening angle in each array is the second opening angle of the window corresponding to the corresponding temperature deviation value. The preset minimum effective ventilation threshold is a fixed value calculated based on the volume of the indoor space served by the corresponding window and the minimum number of air changes required per unit time in the corresponding indoor space.

[0025] The ventilation decision management module also includes an action lag judgment unit. When the obtained ventilation efficiency index changes from a state where the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions is less than the preset minimum effective ventilation threshold to a state where the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions is greater than or equal to the preset minimum effective ventilation threshold, the action lag judgment unit does not immediately switch the first control strategy to the second control strategy. Instead, it collects the ventilation efficiency index corresponding to each time point within N consecutive sampling periods after the current time. When the condition that the ventilation efficiency index under the corresponding environmental conditions at the corresponding time point is greater than or equal to the preset minimum effective ventilation threshold is met in each of the N consecutive sampling periods, the switch from the first control strategy to the second control strategy is executed; otherwise, the first control strategy is maintained. N is a preset positive integer and the duration of each sampling period is a preset value. In this embodiment, N≥3, and the duration of each sampling period is between 30 seconds and 120 seconds.

[0026] The thermal bridge compensation control module obtains the minimum temperature inside the aluminum alloy door and window frame based on the temperature data acquired by the distributed temperature sensor array in the environmental perception module, and compares it with the dew point temperature of the indoor air. When the minimum temperature inside the aluminum alloy door and window frame is less than the dew point temperature of the indoor air, it determines that there is a risk of condensation in the window frame and generates a thermal bridge effect compensation control command. The dew point temperature of the indoor air in the thermal bridge compensation control module represents the critical temperature at which the indoor air cools to a relative humidity of 100% and begins to condense into water droplets, under the condition that the corresponding air pressure and water vapor content remain unchanged. This embodiment also provides a method for calculating indoor air dew point temperature, specifically: obtaining the indoor air temperature and relative humidity, and calculating the current indoor air dew point temperature based on the Maglas approximation formula or its simplified form. The calculation method involved is as follows: Where TL represents the current indoor air dew point temperature; TN represents the current indoor air temperature; RHN represents the current indoor air relative humidity; a represents a constant related to temperature; b represents a constant related to saturated water vapor pressure; in this embodiment, the value of a is 17.27 and the value of b is 237.7℃.

[0027] The thermal bridge effect compensation control command includes: If the current window sash is open and the outdoor air temperature is higher than the indoor air dew point temperature, the corresponding thermal bridge effect compensation control command is to control the window sash opening angle to increase by a preset compensation angle increment based on the current window sash opening angle, so as to introduce more outdoor warm air to heat the window frame. If the current window sash is open and the outdoor air temperature is less than or equal to the indoor air dew point temperature, or if the current window sash is closed, the corresponding thermal bridge effect compensation control command is to control one or more electric heating elements built into the window frame profile to locally heat the window frame. Before the thermal bridge effect compensation control command is executed, if the sum of the current window opening angle and the preset compensation angle increment is greater than the current maximum opening angle of the window, the window opening angle is controlled to the maximum opening angle, and the electric heating element built into the window frame profile is activated to locally heat the window frame.

[0028] In this embodiment, when the temperature at a certain point in the frame is detected to be close to or lower than the dew point temperature of the indoor air, a prediction can be made in advance, and differentiated compensation measures can be taken according to the current state of the window: if the window is open and the outdoor air temperature is acceptable, the opening angle is appropriately increased to introduce outdoor air to heat the frame; if the window is closed or the outdoor air is too cold, the heating element embedded in the profile is activated to provide a slight local temperature increase. This mechanism can fundamentally alleviate the condensation problem of aluminum alloy doors and windows under specific climatic conditions.

[0029] The integrated control module, based on the first or second control strategy generated by the ventilation decision management module and the acquired thermal bridge effect compensation control command, generates a final control command to adjust the opening and closing status and opening angle of the aluminum alloy doors and windows.

[0030] During the process of the integrated control module generating the final control command to adjust the opening and closing state and opening angle of the aluminum alloy doors and windows, when the obtained thermal bridge effect compensation control command conflicts with the command part of the first control strategy or the second control strategy for the window opening angle, the corresponding thermal bridge effect compensation control command shall be executed first.

[0031] In this embodiment, windows are not simply opened based on an environmental parameter exceeding a certain standard. Instead, before making a decision-making control, data such as indoor and outdoor temperature difference, outdoor wind speed, and wind direction angle are used, combined with the classic thermal pressure and wind pressure theories in building ventilation engineering, to calculate the actual ventilation efficiency index that can be achieved by opening windows under the current meteorological conditions. When this index is lower than a preset effective threshold, it is determined that opening windows at this time is an ineffective ventilation situation, and the window opening angle is then actively reduced. This mechanism effectively avoids indoor heat loss caused by blindly opening windows when there is no wind or the wind direction is unfavorable, and helps to reduce the building's heating and cooling energy consumption burden in actual use.

[0032] When generating the final control command, this invention comprehensively considers the different analysis results from the ventilation decision management module and the thermal bridge compensation control module. By introducing the concept of priority, it ensures that in the event of a conflict of control objectives, the system can prioritize the safety of the door and window structure and the hygiene of the indoor environment, avoiding damage to the frame due to condensation caused by unilaterally pursuing ventilation or heat preservation.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive opening, closing, and ventilation control system for aluminum alloy doors and windows based on environmental perception, characterized in that, include: The environmental sensing module is used to collect temperature data of the inner side of the window frame profile in real time through a distributed temperature sensor array deployed inside the aluminum alloy door and window frame; and to collect indoor and outdoor environmental parameters synchronously through environmental sensing sensors deployed in the indoor and outdoor environments. The ventilation efficiency analysis module is used to calculate the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions based on the obtained indoor and outdoor environmental parameters. The ventilation decision management module compares the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions with the preset minimum effective ventilation threshold. When the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions is less than the preset minimum effective ventilation threshold, the current environment is determined to be in an ineffective ventilation state, and a first control strategy is generated to adjust the window opening angle. When the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions is greater than or equal to the preset minimum effective ventilation threshold, the current environment is determined to be in an effective ventilation state, and a second control strategy is generated to adjust the window opening angle. The thermal bridge compensation control module obtains the minimum temperature inside the aluminum alloy door and window frame based on the temperature data acquired by the distributed temperature sensor array in the environmental perception module, and compares it with the dew point temperature of the indoor air. When the minimum temperature inside the aluminum alloy door and window frame is less than the dew point temperature of the indoor air, it determines that there is a risk of condensation in the window frame and generates a thermal bridge effect compensation control command. The integrated control module, based on the first or second control strategy generated by the ventilation decision management module and the acquired thermal bridge effect compensation control command, generates a final control command to adjust the opening and closing status and opening angle of the aluminum alloy doors and windows.

2. The adaptive opening and closing and ventilation control system for aluminum alloy doors and windows based on environmental perception as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The distributed temperature sensor array in the environmental sensing module, which is located inside the aluminum alloy door and window frame, includes at least the temperature sensors located at the midpoint of the upper horizontal frame, the midpoint of the lower horizontal frame, the midpoint of the left vertical frame, and the midpoint of the right vertical frame. The real-time temperature data collected on the inside of the window frame profile includes indoor air temperature, indoor relative humidity, and indoor carbon dioxide concentration. The synchronously collected indoor and outdoor environmental parameters include at least one of the following: indoor temperature, outdoor temperature, indoor CO2 concentration, outdoor wind speed, the angle between the outdoor wind direction and the normal to the window surface, and rainfall intensity.

3. The adaptive opening, closing, and ventilation control system for aluminum alloy doors and windows based on environmental perception as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the process of calculating the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions, the ventilation efficiency analysis module calculates the indoor and outdoor temperature difference based on the indoor and outdoor temperatures, and generates a temperature difference driving component that characterizes the thermal pressure driven ventilation capacity based on the obtained indoor and outdoor temperature difference and the vertical opening height of the window when it is closed. Based on the outdoor wind speed, the angle between the wind direction and the window surface normal, and the preset building wind pressure coefficient, a wind speed driving component representing the wind pressure-driven ventilation capability is generated. The sum of the temperature difference-driven component and the wind speed-driven component is calculated, and the product of the summation result and the efficiency reduction factor corresponding to the current physical state of the window is used as the ventilation efficiency index of the current window. The efficiency reduction factor has a value range of [0, 1]. The value of the efficiency reduction factor is obtained by querying the efficiency reduction factor value bound to the array consisting of the percentage of the window's open area and the screen's activation status in the preset data form. Each efficiency reduction factor value bound to the array consisting of the percentage of the window's open area and the screen's activation status in the preset data form is unique. The percentage of the window's open area is equal to the ratio of the current open area of ​​the window to the maximum open area.

4. The adaptive opening, closing, and ventilation control system for aluminum alloy doors and windows based on environmental perception according to claim 3, characterized in that, The calculation formula for the temperature difference-driven component in the ventilation energy efficiency analysis module is as follows: in, This is the temperature difference driving component corresponding to the current time; This indicates the preset window flow coefficient corresponding to the given window type; This indicates the maximum opening area of ​​the corresponding window when the window sash is fully open. Indicates the current actual opening angle of the window sash. The corresponding window opening area ratio function value, the The value is equal to the actual opening angle of the current window sash. The quotient after dividing by the maximum opening angle of the corresponding window when the window sash is fully open; Represents the gravitational acceleration constant; This indicates the vertical opening height of the window when it is currently closed. This indicates the indoor-outdoor temperature difference at the current time. This represents the average indoor and outdoor temperatures at the current time.

5. The adaptive opening and closing and ventilation control system for aluminum alloy doors and windows based on environmental perception according to claim 4, characterized in that, The calculation formula for the wind speed-driven component in the ventilation energy efficiency analysis module is as follows: in, This represents the wind speed driving component corresponding to the current time. This indicates the preset building wind pressure coefficient; This indicates the outdoor wind speed at the current time. This indicates the angle between the wind direction and the normal to the window surface.

6. The adaptive opening, closing, and ventilation control system for aluminum alloy doors and windows based on environmental perception according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the process of generating the first control strategy to adjust the window opening angle by the ventilation decision management module, the first control strategy includes: reducing the window opening angle once every preset time interval, and the reduction value of the window opening angle each time is a preset constant greater than zero; when the window is in the closed state, the reduction value of the window opening angle each time is replaced with zero. In the process of generating a second control strategy to adjust the window opening angle, the second control strategy includes: Calculate the carbon dioxide deviation between the indoor carbon dioxide concentration and the preset concentration threshold, and the temperature deviation between the indoor and outdoor temperature difference and the preset comfortable temperature difference range. Query the first optimal opening angle of the window sash corresponding to the carbon dioxide deviation value in the first preset form, and the second optimal opening angle of the window sash corresponding to the temperature deviation value in the second preset form. Take the obtained second optimal opening angle of the window sash and the maximum value of the second optimal opening angle of the window sash as the target opening angle of the window sash. The temperature deviation value is equal to the difference between the indoor and outdoor temperature difference and the minimum absolute comfort temperature difference; the minimum absolute comfort temperature difference is the element value with the smallest absolute difference between the indoor and outdoor temperature difference within the preset comfort temperature difference range; the carbon dioxide deviation value is equal to the difference between the indoor carbon dioxide concentration and the preset concentration threshold; the first preset form includes multiple arrays composed of carbon dioxide deviation values ​​and window opening angles, and the window opening angle in each array is the first opening angle of the window corresponding to the corresponding carbon dioxide deviation value; the second preset form includes multiple arrays composed of temperature deviation values ​​and window opening angles, and the window opening angle in each array is the second opening angle of the window corresponding to the corresponding temperature deviation value. The preset minimum effective ventilation threshold is a fixed value calculated based on the volume of the indoor space served by the corresponding window and the minimum number of air changes required per unit time in the corresponding indoor space.

7. The adaptive opening and closing and ventilation control system for aluminum alloy doors and windows based on environmental perception according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation decision management module also includes an action lag judgment unit. When the obtained ventilation efficiency index changes from a state where the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions is less than a preset minimum effective ventilation threshold to a state where the ventilation efficiency index under the current environmental conditions is greater than or equal to the preset minimum effective ventilation threshold, the action lag judgment unit collects the ventilation efficiency index corresponding to each time point within N consecutive sampling periods after the current time. When the condition that the ventilation efficiency index under the corresponding environmental conditions at the corresponding time point is greater than or equal to the preset minimum effective ventilation threshold is met in each of the obtained N consecutive sampling periods, the switching from the first control strategy to the second control strategy is executed; otherwise, the first control strategy is maintained. N is a preset positive integer and the duration of each sampling period is a preset value.

8. The adaptive opening, closing, and ventilation control system for aluminum alloy doors and windows based on environmental perception according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dew point temperature of the indoor air in the thermal bridge compensation control module represents the critical temperature at which the indoor air cools to a relative humidity of 100% and begins to condense into water droplets, under the condition that the corresponding air pressure and water vapor content remain unchanged. The thermal bridge effect compensation control command includes: If the current window sash is open and the outdoor air temperature is higher than the indoor air dew point temperature, the corresponding thermal bridge effect compensation control command is to control the window sash opening angle to increase by a preset compensation angle increment based on the current window sash opening angle. If the current window sash is open and the outdoor air temperature is less than or equal to the indoor air dew point temperature, or if the current window sash is closed, the corresponding thermal bridge effect compensation control command is to control one or more electric heating elements built into the window frame profile to locally heat the window frame. Before the thermal bridge effect compensation control command is executed, if the sum of the current window opening angle and the preset compensation angle increment is greater than the current maximum opening angle of the window, the window opening angle is controlled to the maximum opening angle, and the electric heating element built into the window frame profile is activated to locally heat the window frame.

9. The adaptive opening, closing, and ventilation control system for aluminum alloy doors and windows based on environmental perception according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the process of the integrated control module generating the final control command to adjust the opening and closing state and opening angle of the aluminum alloy doors and windows, when the obtained thermal bridge effect compensation control command conflicts with the command part of the first control strategy or the second control strategy for the window opening angle, the corresponding thermal bridge effect compensation control command shall be executed first.

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