A drilling parameter optimization method, device, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a drilling parameter optimization method and device, equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of drilling. The method comprises the following steps: measuring near-bit engineering parameters, performing feature analysis on the near-bit engineering parameters to obtain frequency domain features of the downhole drill string movement; determining whether the downhole vibration is abnormal according to the frequency domain features, determining a drill bit-drill string system dynamics finite element model based on a judgment result and the near-bit engineering parameters; determining characteristic parameters of the drill string movement according to the drill bit-drill string system dynamics finite element model through the Rayleigh-Ritz method, determining a first drilling parameter for inhibiting malignant vibration corresponding to the case that the drill string vibration is normal based on the characteristic parameters; determining a hydraulic mechanical specific energy value based on a hydraulic mechanical specific energy model, determining a second drilling parameter for improving the drilling speed through the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value, and determining a target drilling parameter according to the first drilling parameter and the second drilling parameter, so as to complete the drilling parameter optimization. Thus, the application realizes the optimization of the drilling parameter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment and storage medium for optimizing drilling parameters. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, shale gas wells with horizontal sections longer than 4000m face major technical bottlenecks: incompatible drilling tools, frequent tripping in and out of the well, and low pure drilling efficiency; and a lack of a real-time optimization calculation platform for enhanced drilling parameters in ultra-long horizontal sections, which prevents scientific speed-up.

[0003] Existing drilling parameter optimization methods primarily rely on the mechanical energy ratio method, using conventional logging data to evaluate the mechanical drilling rate. Only a small portion of the measurement and calculation work is automated by computer; most of the analysis and judgment still depend on manual intervention. Due to differences in individual knowledge, experience, and sense of responsibility, this often leads to the failure to promptly detect and address inefficient drilling events, affecting safe and efficient drilling and increasing risks. In reality, it is unrealistic to expect operators to be fully attentive to changes in monitoring data and quickly identify incidents. Therefore, existing drilling parameter optimization technologies suffer from significant shortcomings, including poor comprehensive utilization of monitoring information, untimely early warnings, and excessive subjectivity.

[0004] In conclusion, how to ensure safety and efficiency in the drilling process by further optimizing drilling parameters is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a drilling parameter optimization method, apparatus, device, and storage medium, which can ensure safe and efficient drilling processes by further optimizing drilling parameters. The specific solution is as follows:

[0006] Firstly, this application provides a drilling parameter optimization method, including:

[0007] Measure the near-bit engineering parameters corresponding to the near-bit position in the well, and perform feature analysis on the near-bit engineering parameters to obtain the frequency domain characteristics of the downhole drill string movement;

[0008] Based on the frequency domain characteristics, determine whether the downhole vibration is abnormal, and based on the corresponding judgment results and the near-bit engineering parameters, determine the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system.

[0009] The characteristic parameters of drill string motion are determined by Rayleigh-Ritz method based on the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system, and the first drilling parameter for suppressing malignant vibration is determined based on the characteristic parameters when the drill string vibration is normal.

[0010] The hydraulic mechanical specific energy value is determined based on the hydraulic mechanical specific energy model. The second drilling parameter used to improve the drilling rate is determined by the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value. The target drilling parameter is determined based on the first drilling parameter and the second drilling parameter to complete the drilling parameter optimization.

[0011] Optionally, the near-bit engineering parameters include the drilling pressure torque, wellbore internal and external pressure, wellbore internal and external temperature, drill string axial vibration, and drill string radial vibration at the near-bit position downhole.

[0012] Optionally, the step of performing feature analysis on the near-bit engineering parameters to obtain the frequency domain characteristics of the downhole drill string motion includes:

[0013] The near-drill bit engineering parameters are characterized by wavelet analysis to obtain the frequency domain characteristics of the downhole drill string motion; the frequency domain characteristics include amplitude and spectrum.

[0014] Optionally, before determining the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system based on the corresponding judgment results and the near-drill bit engineering parameters, the method further includes:

[0015] The drill string is discretized into corresponding spatial straight beam elements based on the drill string axis, and the kinetic and potential energy of the beam elements are determined based on the nodal displacements of the beam elements corresponding to the spatial straight beam elements.

[0016] The stiffness damping force of the beam element and the stiffness damping force of the drill bit-drill string system are determined. Based on the kinetic energy, the potential energy, the stiffness damping force of the beam element, the stiffness damping force of the drill bit-drill string system, and the Lagrange equation corresponding to the stiffness of the drill bit-drill string system, the dynamic control equation of the drill bit-drill string system is determined, so as to determine the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system based on the dynamic control equation of the drill bit-drill string system.

[0017] Optionally, determining the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system based on the corresponding judgment results and the near-drill bit engineering parameters includes:

[0018] The dynamic control equations of the drill bit-drill string system are optimized using the near-bit engineering parameters to obtain a finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics corresponding to the judgment result.

[0019] Optionally, determining the first drilling parameters for suppressing severe vibrations when the drill string vibration is normal based on the characteristic parameters includes:

[0020] Based on the aforementioned characteristic parameters, it is determined whether the drill string vibration corresponding to the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system is abnormal; the characteristic parameters include amplitude and spectrum.

[0021] If the drill string vibration is abnormal, the drilling parameters corresponding to the finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics are adjusted until the drill string vibration is determined to be normal, and the first drilling parameter for suppressing malignant vibration is determined when the drill string vibration is normal.

[0022] Optionally, the step of determining the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value based on the hydraulic mechanical specific energy model, and determining the second drilling parameters for improving the drilling rate using the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value, includes:

[0023] The hydraulic mechanical specific energy value is obtained based on the hydraulic mechanical specific energy model; wherein, the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value is inversely proportional to the drilling rate;

[0024] Based on the inverse proportional relationship, the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value is adjusted using drilling pressure, rotational speed, and drill string displacement to determine the second drilling parameter for increasing drilling speed when the adjusted hydraulic mechanical specific energy value meets the preset conditions.

[0025] Secondly, this application provides a drilling parameter optimization device, comprising:

[0026] The frequency domain feature acquisition module is used to measure the near-bit engineering parameters corresponding to the near-bit position in the well, and to perform feature analysis on the near-bit engineering parameters to obtain the frequency domain features of the downhole drill string movement.

[0027] The finite element model determination module is used to determine whether the downhole vibration is abnormal based on the frequency domain characteristics, and to determine the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system based on the corresponding judgment results and the near-drill bit engineering parameters.

[0028] The first drilling parameter determination module is used to determine the characteristic parameters of drill string motion based on the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system using the Rayleigh-Ritz method, and to determine the first drilling parameter for suppressing malignant vibration when the drill string vibration is normal based on the characteristic parameters.

[0029] The drilling parameter optimization module is used to determine the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value based on the hydraulic mechanical specific energy model, determine the second drilling parameter for improving the drilling rate through the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value, and determine the target drilling parameter based on the first drilling parameter and the second drilling parameter to complete the drilling parameter optimization.

[0030] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0031] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0032] A processor is used to execute the computer program to implement the drilling parameter optimization method as described above.

[0033] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program; wherein, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the drilling parameter optimization method as described above.

[0034] In summary, this application first measures the near-bit engineering parameters corresponding to the near-bit position in the well, and performs feature analysis on the near-bit engineering parameters to obtain the frequency domain characteristics of the downhole drill string movement. Based on the frequency domain characteristics, it determines whether the downhole vibration is abnormal. If the downhole vibration is abnormal, a finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics is determined based on the near-bit engineering parameters. The Rayleigh-Ritz method is used to determine the characteristic parameters of the drill string movement based on the finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics. Based on the characteristic parameters, a first drilling parameter for suppressing severe vibration corresponding to normal downhole vibration is determined. A hydraulic mechanical specific energy value is determined based on the hydraulic mechanical specific energy model, and a second drilling parameter for improving the drilling rate is determined based on the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value. Target drilling parameters are determined based on the first and second drilling parameters to complete the drilling parameter optimization. Therefore, this application first measures and analyzes the near-bit engineering parameters in the wellbore to obtain the frequency domain characteristics of the downhole drill string movement. Based on these frequency domain characteristics, the downhole vibration situation is determined. If abnormal downhole vibration is detected, a finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics is constructed based on the near-bit engineering parameters. Subsequently, the Rayleigh-Ritz method is used to determine the characteristic parameters of the drill string movement based on the finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics. These characteristic parameters help determine the first drilling parameter that can effectively suppress severe vibration when downhole vibration is normal. Simultaneously, the hydraulic mechanical specific energy model is used to obtain the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value. Based on this value, a second drilling parameter that helps improve the drilling rate is determined. Finally, the first and second drilling parameters are combined to determine the target drilling parameter, thus optimizing the drilling parameters. In this way, this application obtains multiple drilling parameters by establishing a model. By comprehensively considering these parameters, a drilling parameter optimization method based on the principles of improving drilling rate and suppressing severe vibration is established, achieving scientific speed improvement and ensuring safety and efficiency in the drilling process. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a drilling parameter optimization method disclosed in this invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of near-drill bit engineering parameter feature analysis disclosed in this invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a drilling parameter optimization device disclosed in this invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device disclosed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Existing drilling parameter optimization methods primarily rely on the mechanical energy ratio method, using conventional logging data to evaluate the mechanical drilling rate. Only a small portion of measurement and calculation is automated by computer; most analysis and judgment still depend on manual intervention. Due to differences in individual knowledge, experience, and sense of responsibility, this often leads to the failure to promptly detect and address inefficient drilling events, impacting safe and efficient drilling and increasing risks. In reality, expecting operators to be fully attentive to changes in monitoring data and quickly identify incidents is unrealistic. Therefore, existing drilling parameter optimization technologies suffer from significant shortcomings, including poor comprehensive utilization of monitoring information, untimely early warnings, and excessive subjectivity. To address these technical problems, this application discloses a drilling parameter optimization method, apparatus, equipment, and storage medium that can further optimize drilling parameters to ensure safe and efficient drilling processes.

[0042] See Figure 1 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a drilling parameter optimization method, including:

[0043] Step S11: Measure the near-bit engineering parameters corresponding to the near-bit position in the well, and perform feature analysis on the near-bit engineering parameters to obtain the frequency domain characteristics of the downhole drill string movement.

[0044] In this embodiment, firstly, a high-frequency acquisition tool for near-bit engineering parameters is used to measure the drilling pressure torque, wellbore internal and external pressure and temperature, and axial and radial vibrations of the drill string near the drill bit location. Then, characteristic analysis is performed on the near-bit engineering parameters. Analyzing the amplitude variation of the vibration signal directly reflects the intensity of drill string vibration. The overall downhole vibration exhibits a periodic variation pattern, which is generated by the combined effects of multiple factors, including drill bit-formation interaction and drill string movement. Therefore, by calculating the spectral characteristics of the vibration signal, the relationship between the spectral distribution of vibration energy and the operating conditions and formation can be clearly observed. For example... Figure 2 As shown, wavelet analysis is used to perform feature analysis on near-drill bit engineering parameters to obtain the frequency domain characteristics of downhole drill string motion; the frequency domain characteristics include amplitude and spectrum:

[0045] ;

[0046] in, denoted as , where is the transformed frequency domain amplitude signal; x(t) is the time domain signal; b is the scale parameter; c is the displacement parameter; and t is time. For the mother wavelet function.

[0047] Furthermore, wavelet analysis can precisely capture the details of parameter variations across different time and frequency scales. The amplitude information in the frequency domain reflects the intensity of drill string motion at various frequency components and the distribution of different amplitudes, intuitively showing which frequency components dominate the drill string motion and their relative strengths. Meanwhile, the spectral characteristics comprehensively present the frequency range and distribution patterns of the drill string motion. Through comprehensive analysis of frequency domain characteristics such as amplitude and spectrum, a deeper understanding of the complex dynamics of downhole drill string motion can be achieved, providing crucial information for subsequent drilling operation evaluation and optimization.

[0048] Step S12: Determine whether the downhole vibration is abnormal based on the frequency domain characteristics, and determine the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system based on the corresponding judgment results and the near-drill bit engineering parameters.

[0049] In this embodiment, the abnormality of downhole vibration is determined based on frequency domain characteristics. Then, the finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics can be determined based on the corresponding judgment results and near-drill bit engineering parameters. However, before determining the finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics based on the judgment results and the near-drill bit engineering parameters, the drill string is first discretized using the finite element method. Based on the drill string axis, the drill string is discretized into corresponding spatial straight beam elements. The kinetic and potential energy of the beam elements are determined based on the nodal displacements of the beam elements corresponding to the spatial straight beam elements. The stiffness damping force of the beam elements and the stiffness damping force of the drill bit-drill string system are determined. Based on the kinetic energy, potential energy, stiffness damping force of the beam elements, stiffness damping force of the drill bit-drill string system, and the Lagrange equation corresponding to the stiffness of the drill bit-drill string system, the dynamic control equation of the drill bit-drill string system is determined, so that the finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics can be determined based on the dynamic control equation of the drill bit-drill string system. Specifically, the drill string is discretized into spatial straight beam elements along its axis. These discretized spatial straight beam elements possess bending, torsional, tensile, and compressive stiffness. Based on the nodal displacements of the spatial straight beam elements, the kinetic energy, potential energy, stiffness damping force of the spatial straight beam elements, and the system stiffness damping force are calculated.

[0050] ;

[0051] ;

[0052] in, The kinetic energy of the spatial straight beam element; The potential energy of a spatial straight beam element; For the stiffness damping force of the spatial straight beam element; This is the system stiffness damping force; Here is the system damping matrix; The damping matrix of the spatial straight beam element; For system speed; The velocity of the spatial straight beam element. The density of the spatial straight beam element.

[0053] Then, the Lagrange equation for the system stiffness is established:

[0054] ;

[0055] Among them, F c This is the system stiffness damping force; For speed; Let T be the potential energy of the spatial straight beam element; T is the kinetic energy of the system.

[0056] Substituting the kinetic energy and potential energy of the spatial straight beam element, as well as the stiffness damping force of the spatial straight beam element and the system stiffness damping force, into the system stiffness Lagrange equation, we obtain the dynamic governing equations of the drill bit-drill string system:

[0057] ;

[0058] in, For generalized acceleration; For speed; For displacement; It is the external force vector; This is the quality matrix; Here is the system damping matrix; Here is the stiffness matrix.

[0059] In this embodiment, after comprehensively considering factors such as drilling fluid, actual wellbore trajectory, and PDC bit rock breaking to determine the dynamic control equations of the drill bit-drill string system, the relevant parameters in the dynamic control equations are calibrated and optimized based on the acquired near-bit engineering parameters, enabling the model to more accurately describe the motion of the drill bit-drill string system. For example, the force terms in the equations are adjusted based on drilling pressure and torque parameters, and vibration-related coefficients in the equations are optimized based on vibration parameters. If downhole vibration is detected as abnormal, the abnormal vibration amplitude, frequency, and other parameters can help adjust the parameters in the dynamic control equations of the drill bit-drill string system to reflect the system characteristics under abnormal conditions. In this way, the dynamic control equations of the drill bit-drill string system are continuously optimized and adjusted, ultimately yielding a finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics corresponding to the downhole vibration assessment results.

[0060] Step S13: Determine the characteristic parameters of drill string motion based on the finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics using the Rayleigh-Ritz method, and determine the first drilling parameter for suppressing malignant vibrations when the drill string vibration is normal based on the characteristic parameters.

[0061] In this embodiment, the Rayleigh-Ritz method is used to solve the finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics, obtaining the characteristic parameters of the current drill string motion, including amplitude and spectral characteristics. These characteristic parameters reflect the actual drill string motion in downhole drilling. Solving the drill string dynamics control equations using the finite element method requires discretizing the equations in both time and space. This application uses the Ritz method (Rayleigh-Ritz method) for frequency domain solution. Its basic steps are: selecting trial matrices as basis vectors for the natural shape, requiring the trial matrices to be orthogonal; substituting the trial matrices into the simplified dynamic equations; in the frequency domain solution, the dynamic equations no longer consider damping and external force terms, and summing them using the generalized Jacobi method; and finally solving for the natural frequencies and natural shape. After obtaining the characteristic parameters of the drill string motion, it is possible to determine whether the drill string vibration corresponding to the finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system is abnormal. If the drill string vibration is abnormal, the drilling parameters corresponding to the finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system are adjusted until the drill string vibration is determined to be normal. The first drilling parameter used to suppress severe vibration when the drill string vibration is normal is then determined. Specifically, by analyzing the characteristic parameters of the drill string motion, the state of drill string vibration can be understood. If the judgment result shows that the drill string vibration is abnormal, then the drilling parameters corresponding to the finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system need to be adjusted. Changes in drilling parameters will affect the stress and motion state of the drill string, thereby changing the vibration characteristics of the drill string. During the adjustment process, the drill string vibration is continuously judged, and the drilling parameters are repeatedly adjusted until the drill string vibration is determined to have returned to the normal vibration range. The drilling parameters determined at this point are the first drilling parameters that can be used to suppress severe vibration. The first drilling parameters are of great significance for ensuring the stable operation of drilling and reducing equipment damage and safety hazards caused by abnormal vibration.

[0062] Step S14: Determine the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value based on the hydraulic mechanical specific energy model, determine the second drilling parameter for improving the drilling rate using the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value, and determine the target drilling parameter based on the first drilling parameter and the second drilling parameter to complete the drilling parameter optimization.

[0063] In this embodiment, the conventional mechanical energy specific model does not analyze the influence of hydraulic parameters on rock-breaking effect. However, during drilling, the drill bit hydraulic parameters not only affect the cleaning effect of rock cuttings at the bottom of the well, but also, when drilling into formations with low rock strength, the jet impact pressure can directly break the rock, playing an auxiliary role in rock breaking. Therefore, this application combines mechanical energy and hydraulic energy. During drilling, the fluid at the nozzle outlet applies a jet impact force to the bottom of the well. According to Newton's third law, the same reaction force is applied to the drill bit, resulting in a reduction in effective drilling pressure. The formula for calculating the jet impact force is:

[0064] ;

[0065] ;

[0066] in, For jet impact force; Where is the nozzle hydraulic coefficient; Q is the drilling fluid discharge rate; Where A is the drilling fluid density; A0 is the nozzle outlet cross-sectional area; W e Effective drilling pressure; W is drilling pressure; C is the influence factor of nozzle diameter and nozzle position on drill bit water power; A V d is the ratio of nozzle flow velocity to drilling fluid return velocity. n Where n is the nozzle diameter; n is the number of nozzles; L is the potential length of the jet isodynamic core; and D is the distance from the nozzle to the bottom of the well. The jet diffusion angle is denoted as .

[0067] Based on the above parameters, the hydraulic mechanical energy specific (HMSE) model is as follows:

[0068] ;

[0069] Where E is the mechanical specific energy; E is the nozzle hydraulic coefficient. f Typically taken as 0.35; W is drilling pressure; T is torque; N is rotational speed; v is mechanical drilling speed; d B The diameter of the drill bit; R is the drilling fluid density. L is the theoretical rotational speed of the screw drill bit; Q is the total flow rate; q is the displacement per revolution of the drill bit, a structural parameter that depends only on the shape and geometry of the stator and rotor; K N R is the speed-to-flow ratio of the power drilling tool; S Ground rotation speed; A0 represents the pressure drop at the drill string inlet and outlet; A0 represents the nozzle outlet cross-sectional area.

[0070] In this embodiment, the hydraulic machinery specific energy (HMSE) value is obtained based on the constructed model. According to the HMSE model, the HMSE value is inversely proportional to the drilling rate; that is, the higher the drilling rate, the lower the HMSE value. Therefore, based on this inverse relationship, the HMSE value is adjusted using drilling pressure, drilling speed, and drill string displacement to determine the second drilling parameter used to increase the drilling rate when the adjusted HMSE value meets preset conditions. Specifically, based on the inverse relationship between the HMSE value and the drilling rate, the HMSE value can be optimized by adjusting some key drilling parameters. For example, increasing the drilling pressure will change the HMSE value to some extent; increasing the drilling speed may affect the flow state of the drilling fluid and the rock-breaking frequency of the drill bit, thus affecting the HMSE value; changing the drill string displacement will affect the distribution and impact force of the drilling fluid at the bottom of the well, thereby affecting the HMSE value. In adjusting the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value using drilling pressure, rotational speed, and drill string displacement, it is necessary to continuously evaluate whether the adjusted hydraulic mechanical specific energy value meets preset conditions. These preset conditions are based on the goals of the drilling project, such as increasing the rate of drilling. When the adjusted hydraulic mechanical specific energy value meets the preset conditions, the corresponding parameter becomes the second drilling parameter used to increase the rate of drilling. The entire process requires meticulous analysis and adjustment of each parameter, fully considering the interactions between parameters, to achieve the ultimate goal of increasing the rate of drilling and improving the efficiency of drilling operations.

[0071] In this embodiment, after obtaining the first drilling parameters (parameters used to suppress severe vibrations) and the second drilling parameters (parameters used to improve drilling speed), the first and second drilling parameters are integrated based on the overall drilling project objectives. That is, the value ranges of the first and second drilling parameters are comprehensively considered to ultimately determine the target drilling parameters. These target drilling parameters must simultaneously satisfy the value ranges corresponding to both the first and second drilling parameters. This completes the optimization of the entire drilling parameters, improving the efficiency and quality of the drilling operation.

[0072] Therefore, this application first measures and analyzes the near-bit engineering parameters in the wellbore to obtain the frequency domain characteristics of the downhole drill string movement. Based on these frequency domain characteristics, the downhole vibration situation is determined. If abnormal downhole vibration is detected, a finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics is constructed based on the near-bit engineering parameters. Subsequently, the Rayleigh-Ritz method is used to determine the characteristic parameters of the drill string movement based on the finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics. These characteristic parameters help determine the first drilling parameter that can effectively suppress severe vibration when downhole vibration is normal. Simultaneously, the hydraulic mechanical specific energy model is used to obtain the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value. Based on this value, a second drilling parameter that helps improve the drilling rate is determined. Finally, the first and second drilling parameters are combined to determine the target drilling parameter, thus optimizing the drilling parameters. In this way, this application obtains multiple drilling parameters by establishing a model. By comprehensively considering these parameters, a drilling parameter optimization method based on the principles of improving drilling rate and suppressing severe vibration is established, achieving scientific speed improvement and ensuring safety and efficiency in the drilling process.

[0073] As can be seen from the previous embodiment, this application establishes a drilling parameter optimization method based on the principles of enhancing drilling speed and suppressing severe vibrations. Next, a detailed description of the specific drilling parameter optimization method will be provided.

[0074] This application first uses a high-frequency acquisition tool for near-bit downhole engineering parameters to measure the drilling pressure and torque, internal and external pressures and temperatures of the wellbore, as well as the axial and radial vibrations of the drill string near the drill bit. Then, based on the measured data, it analyzes the motion characteristics of the bottom hole drill string and the excitation characteristics of the drilling pressure and torque. Specifically, wavelet analysis is used to perform feature analysis on the near-bit engineering parameters to obtain the frequency domain characteristics of the downhole drill string motion; the frequency domain characteristics include amplitude and spectrum.

[0075] Then, based on the frequency domain characteristics, it is determined whether the downhole vibration is abnormal, and based on the judgment results and near-bit engineering parameters, the finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics is determined. However, before determining the finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics based on the corresponding judgment results and the near-bit engineering parameters, the drill string is first discretized using the finite element method. The drill string is discretized into spatial straight beam elements along the drill string axis. These discretized spatial straight beam elements possess bending, torsional, tensile, and compressive stiffness. Based on the nodal displacements of the spatial straight beam elements, the kinetic energy, potential energy, stiffness damping force of the spatial straight beam elements, and system stiffness damping force are calculated. Then, the system stiffness Lagrange equation is established. Substituting the kinetic energy, potential energy, stiffness damping force of the spatial straight beam elements, and system stiffness damping force into the system stiffness Lagrange equation, the dynamic control equation of the drill bit-drill string system is obtained. After comprehensively considering factors such as drilling fluid, actual wellbore trajectory, and PDC bit rock breaking, this application determines the dynamic control equations of the drill bit-drill string system. Based on the obtained near-bit engineering parameters, the relevant parameters in the dynamic control equations of the drill bit-drill string system are calibrated and optimized to enable the model to more accurately describe the motion of the drill bit-drill string system.

[0076] Next, the control equations for drill string dynamics are solved using the finite element method, requiring time and space discretization. The Rayleigh-Ritz method is then used to solve the finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics, obtaining characteristic parameters of the current drill string motion, including amplitude and spectral characteristics. These characteristic parameters reflect the actual drill string motion in downhole drilling. After obtaining these characteristic parameters, it's possible to determine whether the drill string vibration corresponding to the finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics is abnormal. If the drill string vibration is abnormal, the drilling parameters corresponding to the finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics are adjusted until the drill string vibration is determined to be normal, thus identifying the first drilling parameter used to suppress severe vibration when the drill string vibration is normal.

[0077] Furthermore, this application combines mechanical energy and hydraulic energy, obtaining the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value based on a pre-constructed hydraulic mechanical specific energy model, and then determining the second drilling parameter for improving drilling speed using the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value. Specifically, the drilling speed enhancement module uses real-time calculation of HMSE values ​​to recommend drilling parameters for drilling speed enhancement, while the drill bit-drill string system dynamics analysis module recommends drilling parameters to suppress severe vibrations. The drill bit-drill string system dynamics analysis model includes frequency domain analysis and time domain analysis: the frequency domain analysis module includes free vibration analysis and forced vibration analysis. Free vibration analysis can calculate the natural frequency of the drill string in the wellbore, display the modal array of a specified order, and based on this, the critical rotational speed that may cause drill string resonance can be calculated; forced vibration analysis can obtain the vibration of the drill string within a specified frequency range and under specified drilling parameters, so the results can be used to optimize drilling parameters.

[0078] It should be noted that the drilling parameter optimization method in this application is applicable to drilling parameter optimization for various terrains. As described above, when optimizing drilling parameters for various terrains, firstly, the drilling parameters of the shale gas well in Area A are obtained, including well depth structure, drill string assembly parameters, drilling fluid performance parameters, and simulation parameters. Then, the obtained well depth structure, drill string assembly parameters, drilling fluid performance parameters, and simulation parameters are analyzed. The range of drilling parameters for recommending suppression of severe vibrations is calculated in real time using the finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics, and the range of drilling parameters for recommending rate of drilling enhancement is calculated using the hydraulic mechanical specific energy model. Finally, combining the ranges of drilling parameters for recommending suppression of severe vibrations and the ranges of drilling parameters for recommending rate of drilling enhancement, the recommended drilling parameter schemes for different terrains are obtained as shown in Table 1.

[0079] Table 1 Recommended drilling parameters for different terrains

[0080]

[0081] In this way, this application obtains multiple drilling parameters by establishing a model, and by comprehensively considering the drilling parameters, it finally establishes a drilling parameter optimization method based on the principles of enhancing drilling speed and suppressing malignant vibrations, thereby achieving scientific speed improvement and ensuring safety and efficiency in the drilling process.

[0082] See Figure 3 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a drilling parameter optimization device, comprising:

[0083] The frequency domain feature acquisition module 11 is used to measure the near-bit engineering parameters corresponding to the near-bit position in the well, and to perform feature analysis on the near-bit engineering parameters to obtain the frequency domain features of the downhole drill string movement.

[0084] Finite element model determination module 12 is used to determine whether the downhole vibration is abnormal based on the frequency domain characteristics, and to determine the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system based on the corresponding judgment results and the near-drill bit engineering parameters.

[0085] The first drilling parameter determination module 13 is used to determine the characteristic parameters of drill string motion based on the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system using the Rayleigh-Ritz method, and to determine the first drilling parameter for suppressing malignant vibration when the drill string vibration is normal based on the characteristic parameters.

[0086] The drilling parameter optimization module 14 is used to determine the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value based on the hydraulic mechanical specific energy model, determine the second drilling parameter for improving the drilling rate through the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value, and determine the target drilling parameter based on the first drilling parameter and the second drilling parameter to complete the drilling parameter optimization.

[0087] Therefore, this application first measures and analyzes the near-bit engineering parameters in the wellbore to obtain the frequency domain characteristics of the downhole drill string movement. Based on these frequency domain characteristics, the downhole vibration situation is determined. If abnormal downhole vibration is detected, a finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics is constructed based on the near-bit engineering parameters. Subsequently, the Rayleigh-Ritz method is used to determine the characteristic parameters of the drill string movement based on the finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics. These characteristic parameters help determine the first drilling parameter that can effectively suppress severe vibration when downhole vibration is normal. Simultaneously, the hydraulic mechanical specific energy model is used to obtain the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value. Based on this value, a second drilling parameter that helps improve the drilling rate is determined. Finally, the first and second drilling parameters are combined to determine the target drilling parameter, thus optimizing the drilling parameters. In this way, this application obtains multiple drilling parameters by establishing a model. By comprehensively considering these parameters, a drilling parameter optimization method based on the principles of improving drilling rate and suppressing severe vibration is established, achieving scientific speed improvement and ensuring safety and efficiency in the drilling process.

[0088] In some specific embodiments, the frequency domain feature acquisition module 11 may specifically include:

[0089] The near-bit engineering parameter analysis unit is used to perform feature analysis on the near-bit engineering parameters using wavelet analysis to obtain the frequency domain characteristics of the downhole drill string motion; the frequency domain characteristics include amplitude and spectrum.

[0090] In some specific embodiments, the drilling parameter optimization device may further include:

[0091] The module for determining the kinetic and potential energy of a beam element is used to discretize the drill string into corresponding spatial straight beam elements based on the drill string axis, and to determine the kinetic and potential energy of the beam element based on the nodal displacement of the beam element corresponding to the spatial straight beam element.

[0092] The module for determining the dynamic control equations of the drill bit-drill string system is used to determine the stiffness damping force of the beam element and the stiffness damping force of the drill bit-drill string system. Based on the kinetic energy, the potential energy, the stiffness damping force of the beam element, the stiffness damping force of the drill bit-drill string system, and the Lagrange equation corresponding to the stiffness of the drill bit-drill string system, the module determines the dynamic control equations of the drill bit-drill string system so as to determine the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system based on the dynamic control equations of the drill bit-drill string system.

[0093] In some specific embodiments, the finite element model determination module 12 may specifically include:

[0094] The drill bit-drill string system dynamic control equation optimization unit is used to optimize the drill bit-drill string system dynamic control equation using the near-drill bit engineering parameters to obtain the drill bit-drill string system dynamic finite element model corresponding to the judgment result.

[0095] In some specific embodiments, the first drilling parameter determination module 13 may specifically include:

[0096] The drill string vibration anomaly judgment unit is used to determine whether the drill string vibration corresponding to the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system is abnormal based on the characteristic parameters; the characteristic parameters include amplitude and spectrum.

[0097] The first drilling parameter determination unit is used to adjust the drilling parameters corresponding to the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system if the drill string vibration is abnormal, until the drill string vibration is determined to be normal, and to determine the first drilling parameters for suppressing malignant vibration when the drill string vibration is normal.

[0098] In some specific embodiments, the drilling parameter optimization module 14 may specifically include:

[0099] A hydraulic machinery specific energy value acquisition unit is used to acquire the hydraulic machinery specific energy value based on the hydraulic machinery specific energy model; wherein the hydraulic machinery specific energy value is inversely proportional to the drilling speed;

[0100] The second drilling parameter determination unit is used to adjust the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value based on the inverse proportional relationship using drilling pressure, rotation speed and drill string displacement, and to determine the second drilling parameters for increasing drilling speed when the adjusted hydraulic mechanical specific energy value meets the preset conditions.

[0101] Furthermore, embodiments of this application also disclose an electronic device, Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device 20 according to an exemplary embodiment. The content of the diagram should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0102] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 20 provided in an embodiment of this application. Specifically, the electronic device 20 may include: at least one processor 21, at least one memory 22, a power supply 23, a communication interface 24, an input / output interface 25, and a communication bus 26. The memory 22 stores a computer program, which is loaded and executed by the processor 21 to implement the relevant steps in the drilling parameter optimization method disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments. Furthermore, the electronic device 20 in this embodiment may specifically be an electronic computer.

[0103] In this embodiment, the power supply 23 is used to provide operating voltage for each hardware device on the electronic device 20; the communication interface 24 can create a data transmission channel between the electronic device 20 and external devices, and the communication protocol it follows can be any communication protocol applicable to the technical solution of this application, and is not specifically limited here; the input / output interface 25 is used to acquire external input data or output data to the outside world, and its specific interface type can be selected according to specific application needs, and is not specifically limited here.

[0104] In addition, the memory 22, as a carrier for resource storage, can be a read-only memory, random access memory, disk, or optical disk, etc. The resources stored thereon can include an operating system 221, computer programs 222, etc., and the storage method can be temporary storage or permanent storage.

[0105] The operating system 221 is used to manage and control the various hardware devices on the electronic device 20 and the computer program 222, which may be Windows Server, Netware, Unix, Linux, etc. In addition to including a computer program capable of performing the drilling parameter optimization method executed by the electronic device 20 as disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments, the computer program 222 may further include a computer program capable of performing other specific tasks.

[0106] Furthermore, this application also discloses a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program; wherein, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the aforementioned drilling parameter optimization method. Specific steps of this method can be found in the corresponding content disclosed in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0107] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to in the method section.

[0108] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0109] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented directly by hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of both. The software module can be located in random access memory (RAM), main memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0110] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0111] The technical solutions provided in this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing drilling parameters, characterized in that, include: Measure the near-bit engineering parameters corresponding to the near-bit position in the well, and perform feature analysis on the near-bit engineering parameters to obtain the frequency domain characteristics of the downhole drill string movement; Based on the frequency domain characteristics, determine whether the downhole vibration is abnormal, and based on the corresponding judgment results and the near-bit engineering parameters, determine the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system. The characteristic parameters of drill string motion are determined by Rayleigh-Ritz method based on the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system, and the first drilling parameter for suppressing malignant vibration is determined based on the characteristic parameters when the drill string vibration is normal. The hydraulic mechanical specific energy value is determined based on the hydraulic mechanical specific energy model. The second drilling parameter used to improve the drilling rate is determined by the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value. The target drilling parameter is determined based on the first drilling parameter and the second drilling parameter to complete the drilling parameter optimization.

2. The drilling parameter optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The near-bit engineering parameters include drilling pressure and torque at the near-bit location downhole, pressure inside and outside the wellbore, temperature inside and outside the wellbore, axial vibration of the drill string, and radial vibration of the drill string.

3. The drilling parameter optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The characteristic analysis of the near-bit engineering parameters to obtain the frequency domain characteristics of the downhole drill string motion includes: The near-drill bit engineering parameters are characterized by wavelet analysis to obtain the frequency domain characteristics of the downhole drill string motion; the frequency domain characteristics include amplitude and spectrum.

4. The drilling parameter optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before determining the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system based on the corresponding judgment results and the near-drill bit engineering parameters, the following steps are also included: The drill string is discretized into corresponding spatial straight beam elements based on the drill string axis, and the kinetic and potential energy of the beam elements are determined based on the nodal displacements of the beam elements corresponding to the spatial straight beam elements. The stiffness damping force of the beam element and the stiffness damping force of the drill bit-drill string system are determined. Based on the kinetic energy, the potential energy, the stiffness damping force of the beam element, the stiffness damping force of the drill bit-drill string system, and the Lagrange equation corresponding to the stiffness of the drill bit-drill string system, the dynamic control equation of the drill bit-drill string system is determined, so as to determine the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system based on the dynamic control equation of the drill bit-drill string system.

5. The drilling parameter optimization method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The determination of the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system based on the corresponding judgment results and the near-drill bit engineering parameters includes: The dynamic control equations of the drill bit-drill string system are optimized using the near-bit engineering parameters to obtain a finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics corresponding to the judgment result.

6. The drilling parameter optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the first drilling parameters for suppressing severe vibrations when the drill string vibration is normal, based on the characteristic parameters, includes: Based on the aforementioned characteristic parameters, it is determined whether the drill string vibration corresponding to the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system is abnormal; the characteristic parameters include amplitude and spectrum. If the drill string vibration is abnormal, the drilling parameters corresponding to the finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system dynamics are adjusted until the drill string vibration is determined to be normal, and the first drilling parameter for suppressing malignant vibration is determined when the drill string vibration is normal.

7. The drilling parameter optimization method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The process of determining the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value based on the hydraulic mechanical specific energy model, and then using the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value to determine the second drilling parameters for improving the drilling rate, includes: The hydraulic mechanical specific energy value is obtained based on the hydraulic mechanical specific energy model; wherein, the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value is inversely proportional to the drilling rate; Based on the inverse proportional relationship, the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value is adjusted using drilling pressure, rotational speed, and drill string displacement to determine the second drilling parameter for increasing drilling speed when the adjusted hydraulic mechanical specific energy value meets the preset conditions.

8. A drilling parameter optimization device, characterized in that, include: The frequency domain feature acquisition module is used to measure the near-bit engineering parameters corresponding to the near-bit position in the well, and to perform feature analysis on the near-bit engineering parameters to obtain the frequency domain features of the downhole drill string movement. The finite element model determination module is used to determine whether the downhole vibration is abnormal based on the frequency domain characteristics, and to determine the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system based on the corresponding judgment results and the near-drill bit engineering parameters. The first drilling parameter determination module is used to determine the characteristic parameters of drill string motion based on the dynamic finite element model of the drill bit-drill string system using the Rayleigh-Ritz method, and to determine the first drilling parameter for suppressing malignant vibration when the drill string vibration is normal based on the characteristic parameters. The drilling parameter optimization module is used to determine the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value based on the hydraulic mechanical specific energy model, determine the second drilling parameter for improving the drilling rate through the hydraulic mechanical specific energy value, and determine the target drilling parameter based on the first drilling parameter and the second drilling parameter to complete the drilling parameter optimization.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor for executing the computer program to implement the drilling parameter optimization method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, Used to store a computer program; wherein, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the drilling parameter optimization method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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