Full-bleed ventilation system and side-hill coal mining method

Abstract

The application provides a full-wind-pressure ventilation mining system and a side slope coal mining method, and relates to the technical field of coal mining. The full-wind-pressure ventilation mining system comprises a plurality of mining zones and a plurality of supporting zones, an air inlet channel is arranged at one end of the mining zone or the supporting zone in a second direction, and an air return channel is arranged at the other end of the mining zone or the supporting zone in the second direction. One of the mining zones is formed with a ventilation air duct, the ventilation air duct is connected with the air inlet channel and the air return channel. One of the supporting zones adjacent to the ventilation air duct is respectively provided with a first adjusting air window and a second adjusting air window at both ends in the second direction; in the state that the first adjusting air window and the second adjusting air window are closed, air flows along the path of the air inlet channel, the ventilation air duct and the air return channel in sequence. The ventilation effect is good, and the safety of the coal mining operation can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mining technology, and in particular to a full-pressure ventilation mining system and a side-side coal mining method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, due to the influence of coal seam occurrence conditions, thin coal seam resources are widely distributed in underground coal mines, accounting for approximately 20.4% of the total recoverable coal reserves, especially concentrated on the sides of construction roadways. However, fully mechanized mining of thin coal seams is a relatively weak link. The main objective reasons are the small mining space, low efficiency, high labor intensity for workers, frequent safety accidents, and low economic benefits, resulting in a large amount of thin coal seam resources being left idle, with the recovery output far lower than the proportion of reserves. The key reason lies in the lack of adaptable and efficient side-side mining technology, equipment, and methods. In particular, in the early stages of operation, most mines prioritize mining medium-thick and thick coal seams, abandoning the mining of coal seams less than 1.2m thick, wasting a large amount of valuable coal resources, shortening the service life of mines, and hindering the coordinated development of the entire coal industry.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream side-strip coal seam mining method can prevent surface subsidence and protect protected objects such as water bodies and buildings from damage caused by rock strata movement during mining. However, its operational efficiency is generally low and its adaptability is poor. When mining operations are carried out in single-ended roadways such as strip branch roadways, local ventilation fans must be used. If both the power supply and the two fans for ventilation fail to start for any reason, ventilation will be impossible during mining, resulting in the inability to expel harmful gases such as methane. This will prevent on-site workers from breathing oxygen, causing significant hidden dangers and accidents, which is extremely detrimental to safe production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a full-pressure ventilation mining system and a side-wall coal mining method, which can achieve full-pressure ventilation, ensure good ventilation conditions and safe production, and effectively reduce the risk of surface subsidence.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a full-pressure ventilation mining system, wherein the coal mining area includes multiple mining zones and multiple support zones arranged alternately along a first direction, and each mining zone and each support zone extends along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are set at an angle; The full-pressure ventilation mining system includes: The air intake channel is located at one end of the mining zone or the support zone in the second direction; The return air passage is located at the other end of the mining zone or the support zone in the second direction; One of the mining zones is provided with a ventilation duct that connects the air intake channel and the air return channel. One of the support strips adjacent to the ventilation duct is provided with a first regulating window and a second regulating window at both ends along the second direction; when the first regulating window and the second regulating window are closed, the airflow flows sequentially along the path of the air inlet channel, the ventilation duct and the return air channel; The coal mining machine is equipped with a cutting section, and the mining zone in which the cutting section operates is separated from the ventilation duct by a support belt.

[0006] In an optional implementation, the system further includes a coal conveying roadway and a return air connecting roadway, wherein the coal conveying roadway is connected to the air intake channel, and the return air connecting roadway and the return air channel are connected at the ends of the ventilation ducts away from the ventilation duct.

[0007] In an optional implementation, an anchor bolt trolley is also included, which is used to support the ventilation duct.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the coal mining machine includes a main frame, a propulsion unit, a drive unit, a self-propelled walking device, an automatic gripping robotic arm, a belt-driven self-propelled tail section, and a hydraulic system. The cutting section is connected to the propulsion section, which is connected to the main frame. The drive section is connected to the propulsion section. The hydraulic system is connected to the self-moving walking device, which is connected to the main frame. The automatic gripping robotic arm is used to transport and assemble / disassemble the propulsion section. The belt self-moving tail section is connected to the propulsion section.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the propulsion unit adopts a closed box-type double helix structure propulsion arm, and the multiple sections of the propulsion arm are hinged together; The drive unit includes a first drive member and a second drive member. The first drive member is connected to the double helix structure, and the second drive member is connected to the propulsion arm.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the system further includes an electrical system and a central control room, wherein at least one of the electrical system and the hydraulic system is connected to the drive unit; the central control room is connected to both the electrical system and the hydraulic system.

[0011] In an optional implementation, a geological guidance detection module is also included, which is connected to the control room and is used to adjust the position of the cutting section.

[0012] Secondly, the present invention provides a sidewall coal mining method, comprising: The coal mining area comprises an intake air passage, a return air passage, a transport passage, and a coal transport roadway. The coal mining area has alternating mining zones and support zones arranged along a first direction. Each mining zone and each support zone extends along a second direction. The first direction and the second direction are angled together. The intake air passage is located at one end of the mining zone or support zone in the second direction; the return air passage is located at the other end of the mining zone or support zone in the second direction. One of the mining zones is mined to form a ventilation duct, which connects the air intake channel and the air return channel; A first adjustable air window and a second adjustable air window are respectively installed at both ends of one of the support strips adjacent to the ventilation duct along the second direction; Mining is carried out on one of the mining zones adjacent to the ventilation duct; wherein the first regulating window and the second regulating window are closed so that the airflow flows sequentially along the path of the air intake channel, the ventilation duct and the return air channel.

[0013] In an optional implementation, the step of mining a mining zone adjacent to the ventilation duct includes: When mining operations are carried out on the Nth mining zone, the (N-1)th mining zone that has already been mined is used as the ventilation duct; the first regulating window and the second regulating window are installed on the support strip on the side of the (N-1)th mining zone away from the Nth mining zone; The ventilation duct formed by filling the (N-2)th mining zone.

[0014] In an optional implementation, it includes: Each mining zone is sequentially mined using a strip-type skip-mining method. After filling the ventilation ducts formed by each of the aforementioned mining zones, a filling zone is formed; Using the filling strip as permanent support, each of the support strips is sequentially mined using a strip-type skip mining method, and the goaf formed by all the support strips is filled.

[0015] The full-pressure ventilation mining system provided in this invention creates a ventilation duct for each mining operation, connecting the intake and return air channels to achieve full-pressure ventilation, ensuring good ventilation conditions and safe production. This eliminates the need for local ventilation fans, preventing ventilation failures caused by the inability to operate both power supplies and fans during local ventilation operations. This eliminates safety hazards at the source and ensures the safety of personnel during construction.

[0016] The side-wall mining method provided in this invention employs a skip-mining approach, resulting in better support and effectively reducing surface subsidence. Furthermore, it utilizes full-pressure ventilation to ensure good ventilation conditions and reduce safety hazards. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coal mining area provided by the all-air pressure ventilation mining system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the all-wind-pressure ventilation mining system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coal mining machine in a fully pneumatic ventilation mining system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upward mining angle of the coal seam in the coal mining area of ​​the all-air pressure ventilation mining system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Icons: 110-Mining zone; 10-First mining zone; 11-Second mining zone; 12-Third mining zone; 13-Fourth mining zone; 120-Support zone; 18-First support zone; 17-Second support zone; 16-Third support zone; 15-Fourth support zone; 14-Fifth support zone; 101-Ventilation duct; 1-Coal transport roadway; 2-Return air connecting roadway; 3-Intake air passage; 4-Return air passage; 5-Transport passage; 19-Anchor bolt trolley; 7-First regulating air window; 8-Second regulating air window; 200-Coal mining machine; 24-Main frame; 22-Propulsion unit; 21-Cutting unit; 23-Drive unit; 25-Self-propelled walking device; 26-Automatic gripping robotic arm; 27-Belt conveyor self-propelled tail section; 28-Electrical system; 29-Hydraulic system. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0022] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0027] The present invention proposes a full-pressure ventilation mining system for sidewall coal mining, which can solve the problems of hidden dangers and accidents caused by poor ventilation during the coal mining process, ensure safe production, improve work efficiency and expand economic benefits.

[0028] Please combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 This all-pneumatic ventilation mining system is used for mining sidewall coal seams. The system includes a ventilation system and a coal mining machine 200. The ventilation system includes an intake air channel 3, a return air channel 4, a transport channel 5, and a coal transport roadway 1. The intake air channel 3 and return air channel 4 are located on both sides of the coal seam along the second direction, while the transport channel 5 and coal transport roadway 1 are located on both sides of the coal seam along the first direction. The coal transport roadway 1 connects to the intake air channel 3 and is staggered with the return air channel 4. Airflow flows sequentially along the coal transport roadway 1, intake air channel 3, transport channel 5, and return air channel 4, achieving good ventilation.

[0029] In the coal mining area, multiple mining zones 110 and support zones 120 are arranged alternately along a first direction, and each mining zone 110 and each support zone 120 extends along a second direction; the first and second directions are set at an angle. In this embodiment, the first and second directions are approximately perpendicular. An intake air channel 3 is located at one end of the mining zone 110 or support zone 120 in the second direction, and a return air channel 4 is located at the other end of the mining zone 110 or support zone 120 in the second direction. In this embodiment, the second direction is the direction from the bottom to the top of the coal mining area. The first direction is the extension direction of the intake air channel 3. The intake air channel 3 is located at the bottom of the coal mining area, and the return air channel 4 is located at the top of the coal mining area. A transport channel 5 is used to connect the intake air channel 3 and the return air channel 4, and is used for transporting materials, equipment, etc., during the mining process. A coal transport roadway 1 is used to transport the mined coal and other materials out.

[0030] The support belt 120 and the mining belt 110 are arranged alternately, and the skip mining method can be adopted. When the mining belt 110 is being mined, the support belt 120 plays a supporting role, which can effectively reduce the risk of surface subsidence.

[0031] One of the mining zones 110 forms a ventilation duct 101, which connects the intake air passage 3 and the return air passage 4. It can be understood that there are multiple mining zones 110 along the first direction, which can be defined as the first, second, third, ..., up to the Nth mining zone. There are multiple support zones 120 along the first direction, which can be defined as the first, second, third, ..., up to the Mth support zone. M and N are natural numbers greater than or equal to 2. This embodiment shows five support zones 120 and four mining zones 110. Assume that the support zone 120 closest to the transport passage 5 is the first support zone 18, and the mining zone 110 closest to the transport passage 5 is the first mining zone 10. The first mining zone 10 can be excavated first, and after excavation, the ventilation duct 101 is formed.

[0032] Optionally, the full-pressure ventilation mining system also includes a bolt trolley 19, which is used to support the ventilation duct 101, ensuring smooth airflow and preventing the ventilation duct 101 from being blocked and affecting the ventilation effect.

[0033] A support strip 120 adjacent to the ventilation duct 101 has a first regulating air window 7 and a second regulating air window 8 at both ends along the second direction. After the first mining strip 10 is mined, the first regulating air window 7 and the second regulating air window 8 are installed at the upper and lower ends of the first support strip 18, respectively. In this embodiment, the first regulating air window 7 is installed at the lower end of the first support strip 18, and the second regulating air window 8 is installed at the upper end of the first support strip 18. When the second mining strip 11 is being mined, the first regulating air window 7 and the second regulating air window 8 are closed. In this way, with the first regulating air window 7 and the second regulating air window 8 closed, the airflow enters from the coal conveying roadway 1 and flows sequentially along the path of the intake air channel 3, the ventilation channel, and the return air channel 4, achieving the effect of full-pressure ventilation without the need for additional local ventilation equipment.

[0034] After the first mining zone 10 is mined, the coal mining machine 200 is moved to the second mining zone 11 for tunneling. After the second mining zone 11 is mined, a new ventilation duct 101 is formed in the second mining zone 11. Accordingly, the anchor bolt trolley 19 is moved to the new ventilation duct 101 to support the ventilation duct 101 in the second mining zone 11. The first regulating air window 7 and the second regulating air window 8 are disassembled and reinstalled at the upper and lower ends of the second support zone 17.

[0035] The coal mining machine 200 is moved to the third mining zone 12 for excavation. At this time, the airflow enters from the coal transport roadway 1 and flows sequentially along the intake air channel 3, ventilation channel, and return air channel 4, achieving full-pressure ventilation. This process is repeated until all mining zones 110 are excavated. This setup provides a completely new ventilation path for each mining zone 110, resulting in better airflow. Furthermore, the ventilation duct 101 is closest to the mining zone 110 being excavated, effectively removing methane gas and other contaminants during operation, ensuring safe production.

[0036] Furthermore, each time the ventilation duct 101 is replaced, the first regulating window 7 and the second regulating window 8 are moved to the nearest support strip 120. After closing the first regulating window 7 and the second regulating window 8, the paths of the air intake duct 3 and the return air duct 4 in the entire air duct are shortened, which helps to reduce energy consumption and save costs. In addition, closing the first regulating window 7 and the second regulating window 8 can isolate the transport duct 5 from the entire air duct, preventing gases carrying methane, dust, etc., from entering the transport duct 5. This protects the workers in the transport duct 5 and reduces the risk of injury.

[0037] Optionally, the full-pressure ventilation system also includes a return air connecting roadway 2, which is connected to the end of the return air duct away from the ventilation duct 101. The airflow entering the return air duct 4 ultimately enters the return air connecting roadway 2, achieving full-pressure ventilation. The inclusion of the return air connecting roadway 2 helps improve airflow, maintains normal airflow, and ensures safe production.

[0038] Please combine Figure 3 Optionally, the coal mining machine 200 includes a main frame 24, a propulsion unit 22, a cutting unit 21, a drive unit 23, a self-propelled walking device 25, an automatic gripping robotic arm 26, a belt-driven self-propelled tail section 27, and a hydraulic system 29. The cutting unit 21 is used to excavate the mining zone 110 to complete the mining of minerals. Optionally, during the mining process, a support belt 120 separates the mining zone 110 operated by the cutting unit 21 from the ventilation duct 101, which helps to maintain unobstructed airflow in the working area and improves ventilation.

[0039] The cutting section 21 is connected to the propulsion section 22, which is connected to the main frame 24. The drive section 23 is connected to the propulsion section 22. The hydraulic system 29 is connected to the self-moving walking device 25, which is connected to the main frame 24. The automatic gripping robotic arm 26 is used for transporting and disassembling the propulsion section 22. The belt self-moving tail section 27 is connected to the propulsion section 22.

[0040] The cutting section 21 adopts a spiral drum structure, equipped with 120 ultra-high-strength cutting teeth. Its three-section structure features spiral blades on both sides sweeping coal towards the center, automatically collecting the cut coal into the double-spiral conveyor structure integrated into the propulsion section 22. The propulsion section 22 is connected to the belt-driven self-propelled tail section 27. The propulsion section 22 primarily uses a closed-box double-spiral structure propulsion arm for propelling the main frame 24 of the coal mining machine 200, extending and retracting the cutting head, and transporting coal. The closed-box double-spiral structure prevents coal contamination and dust generation, improving conveying efficiency and quality. The propulsion arm is made of high-strength steel, ensuring a reliable and durable structure. To achieve long-distance tunneling and adapt to the undulating coal seams, the propulsion section 22 uses multi-section propulsion arms, allowing for flexible length adjustment. The multi-section propulsion arms are hinged, allowing for free assembly and disassembly and flexible movement.

[0041] Understandably, during the tunneling process, the automated gripping robotic arm 26 transports the propulsion arm section by section to the main frame 24 for assembly. Material transfer is primarily handled through the transport channel 5. After the propulsion arm is secured by the automated gripping robotic arm 26, it is moved to the installation position via the upper moving guide rail. The automated gripping robotic arm 26 then lowers to lower the propulsion arm, thus assembling and installing multiple propulsion arm sections. The front and rear connections of the multiple propulsion arm sections are made using pin connections, allowing for quick positioning, installation, and disassembly. The central helical blades are powered by the drive unit 23 at the rear of the main frame 24.

[0042] The drive unit 23 includes a first drive component and a second drive component. The first drive component is hydraulically powered and connected to the push arm to move the push arm forward and backward, thereby adjusting the position of the cutting unit 21 in the tunneling direction. The second drive component is electrically driven and includes a motor and a reducer connected to the motor. The reducer is connected to a double-helix structure for conveying coal. In this embodiment, the second drive component adopts a three-phase asynchronous motor and reducer structure, which is compact and has high transmission efficiency.

[0043] Optionally, the self-moving walking device 25 adopts a stepping self-moving structure and a symmetrical layout design, equipped with four top-supporting hydraulic cylinders to form a top-to-bottom main structure for hydraulic movement. It also includes an adjustment cylinder for auxiliary posture adjustment. The belt-driven self-moving tail section 27 uses a stepping self-moving mechanism, moving synchronously with the main frame 24 as an independent unit. The belt-driven self-moving tail section 27 is used to receive the coal output from the double-helix structure and further output the coal.

[0044] Optionally, the all-pneumatic ventilation mining system also includes a control room and a geological guidance detection module. At least one of the electrical system 28 and the hydraulic system 29 is connected to the drive unit 23. In this embodiment, the hydraulic system 29 is connected to the first drive component in the drive unit 23. The control room is connected to both the electrical system 28 and the hydraulic system 29. The geological guidance detection module is connected to the control room and is used to adjust the position of the cutting section 21.

[0045] During mining, the cutting unit 21 can be remotely controlled by the operating system in the central control room, enabling precise cutting along the coal seam thickness while avoiding rocks, thereby improving cutting efficiency. The geological guidance detection module can detect the location information of the coal seam, and the central control room can guide and adjust the working position of the cutting unit 21 based on the detected coal seam location information, ensuring that the cutting unit 21 is completely within the coal seam for mining, avoiding roof cutting or bottom lying, greatly improving safety and reliability, and increasing operational efficiency.

[0046] In actual operation, the coal mining machine 200 first supplies power to the entire machine through the electrical control cabinet and combination switch of the electrical system 28. Then, the pump station of the hydraulic system 29 operates synchronously to provide hydraulic power to the self-propelled walking device 25. Through a stepping forward structure, the entire machine is moved to the accurate mining position. Then, the four top support cylinders are simultaneously raised to support the top of the roadway to provide sufficient friction, and the adjustment cylinder assists in attitude adjustment. The automatic gripping robotic arm 26 places the propulsion unit 22 in the correct position according to the pre-set program. Then, the first drive unit synchronously compresses the pushing cylinders on the left and right sides of the propulsion unit 22, advancing the propulsion unit 22 by one step. The cutting unit 21 collects and transports the cut coal through the spiral blades of the propulsion unit 22, which falls onto the self-propelled conveyor tail 27 and is transported to the designated position. The pushing cylinders extend synchronously to perform the next cycle operation, placing another propulsion arm to achieve long-distance continuous mining. The retreat process is the reverse of the advance process. After the machine has completely retreated, it will proceed with the mining of the next designated area (such as another mining zone 110). The belt self-moving tail 27 moves forward as an independent walking unit.

[0047] Long-distance coal transport equipment is installed in the coal transport roadway 1 and the air intake channel 3. The long-distance coal transport equipment is flexibly connected with the belt self-propelled tail 27 to receive the coal in the belt self-propelled tail 27 and continuously transport coal out in the coal transport direction.

[0048] Please combine Figure 4Optionally, based on the dip angle of the coal seam in the mining area, a near-horizontal upward mining method can be adopted. The dip angle of the coal seam is the upward mining angle, which shall not exceed 8 degrees to facilitate the forward and backward movement of the propulsion unit 22. The mining direction of the upward mining method is from the intake air channel 3 towards the return air channel 4. The mining length of the coal seam mining zone 110 and support zone 120 from bottom to top is 100m to 200m, and the mining width of the coal seam strips (mining zone 110 and support zone 120) is 3.5m to 6.5m, resulting in high overall mining efficiency.

[0049] The side-wall coal mining method provided in this embodiment of the invention mainly includes the following steps: In this embodiment, the coal mining area shown in the figure has, in sequence from right to left, a first support zone 18, a first mining zone 10, a second support zone 17, a second mining zone 11, a third support zone 16, a third mining zone 12, a fourth support zone 15, a fourth mining zone 13, and a fifth support zone 14 along the airflow direction of the return air channel 4.

[0050] S1. Construction and mining of the first mining zone 10. The coal mining machine 200 is moved step by step to a position where the air intake channel 3 is directly opposite the first mining zone 10. The cutting section 21 excavates upward along the working face of the first mining zone 10 until it penetrates the first mining zone 10, forming a ventilation duct 101 connecting the air intake channel 3 and the return air channel 4. Finally, the coal mining machine 200 is gradually withdrawn, and the propulsion section 22 is moved out. As the equipment is withdrawn, the anchor bolt trolley 19 enters the ventilation duct 101 from the return air channel 4 to complete the support operation, thereby forming a solid and reliable ventilation duct 101.

[0051] When mining the first mining zone 10, the ventilation path is as follows: after entering from the coal conveying roadway 1, the air flows sequentially along the path of the intake air channel 3, the transport channel 5 and the return air channel 4, and finally enters the return air connecting roadway 2, which plays the role of full-pressure ventilation and does not require additional local ventilation equipment. Figure 2 The arrows in transport channel 5 indicate the wind direction during operations on the first mining zone 10, while the arrows in intake channel 3 and coal transport roadway 1 indicate the direction of coal transport. It should be noted that in actual operations, coal mining areas have many intersecting roadway structures. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Only a partial scene was shown.

[0052] S2. Install a downdraft door and a first adjustable air window 7 at the lower end of the first support belt 18, and install an updraft door and a second adjustable air window 8 at the upper end of the first support belt 18.

[0053] The coal mining machine 200 is moved to a position where the intake air passage 3 faces the second mining zone 11. The cutting section 21 then excavates upwards along the working face of the second mining zone 11 until it penetrates the second mining zone 11, forming the second ventilation duct 101. During mining, the upper wind door, lower wind door, first regulating air window 7, and second regulating air window 8 are closed. Fresh air enters from the coal conveying roadway 1 and flows sequentially along the path of the intake air passage 3, the ventilation passage formed by the first mining zone 10, and the return air passage 4, finally entering the return air connecting roadway 2. This achieves full-pressure ventilation, and the entire process is conducted under full-pressure ventilation, significantly improving the safety of underground coal mine construction.

[0054] S3. Move the anchor bolt trolley 19 to the second ventilation duct 101 for support. Install a downwind door and a first regulating air window 7 at the lower end of the second support strip 17, and an upwind door and a second regulating air window 8 at the upper end of the second support strip 17. Close the upwind door, downwind door, first regulating air window 7, and second regulating air window 8. Move the cutting section 21 of the coal mining machine 200 to a position where the air intake duct 3 is directly opposite the third mining strip 12. The cutting section 21 begins tunneling operations until the mining operations of the third mining strip 12 are completed.

[0055] Repeat the above steps using a similar method until all mining zones 110 are completely mined.

[0056] Optionally, during the mining operation of the third mining zone 12, the first ventilation duct 101, i.e., the ventilation duct 101 formed by the first mining zone 10, can be simultaneously filled to form a filling zone. After filling, it provides support and reduces surface subsidence. Optionally, the filling material can be sourced locally, mixing coal gangue, resin, and other materials to save costs while forming permanent support.

[0057] S4. After all mining zones 110 are mined and the ventilation ducts 101 formed by all mining zones 110 are filled, each support zone 120 is mined sequentially. During the mining of support zones 120, the mined-out mining zones 110 form filling zones for permanent support. During the mining of support zones 120, after each support zone 120 is mined, a new ventilation duct 101 is formed. The anchor bolt trolley 19 is used to support the ventilation duct 101. The upper air door and the first regulating air window 7, the lower air door and the second regulating air window 8 are respectively installed at both ends of the filling zone. After closing the upper air door and the first regulating air window 7, the lower air door and the second regulating air window 8, the new airflow enters from the coal conveying roadway 1 and flows sequentially along the path of the intake air channel 3, the ventilation channel formed by the support zones 120 and the return air channel 4, and finally enters the return air connecting roadway 2, achieving full-pressure ventilation. The entire process is full-pressure ventilation.

[0058] For the excavation of the 120mm support strip, a method of simultaneous excavation and filling is adopted. This improves the support structure, prevents surface subsidence, and helps shorten the construction period, significantly increasing mining efficiency.

[0059] In summary, the full-pressure ventilation mining system and side-wall coal mining method provided in the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects, including: In this embodiment, an advanced coal mining machine 200 is designed, with multiple sections of the propulsion unit 22 continuously stacked and reciprocated to achieve long-distance continuous mining. This organically combines mining and conveying operations, eliminating the need for additional support at the coal face and minimizing underground space requirements. It improves the efficiency of mining thin and extremely thin coal seams, reduces mining costs, and is a green mining equipment that balances the economic benefits and safety of thin coal seam mining.

[0060] In this coal mining method, strip-type skip mining and intermittent backfilling are adopted to improve mining efficiency, effectively control surface subsidence, and achieve the coordinated disposal of underground waste such as gangue. This demonstrates significant technical, environmental, and economic benefits, providing an effective solution for the green and safe mining of coal resources under complex conditions such as underground coal seams. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the working face is arranged according to strip-type branch roadways, forming a new ventilation duct 101 after mining. During mining, local ventilation fans are not required; instead, effective full-pressure ventilation is achieved through the entire mine's ventilation system. This eliminates the problem of ventilation failure caused by the inability to operate dual power supplies and dual fans when using local ventilation, thus eliminating safety hazards at the source and ensuring the safety of personnel during construction.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full-pressure ventilation mining system, characterized in that, The coal mining area includes multiple mining zones (110) and multiple support zones (120) arranged alternately along a first direction, each of the mining zones (110) and each of the support zones (120) extending along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction are set at an angle; The full-pressure ventilation mining system includes: The air intake channel (3) is located at one end of the mining zone (110) or the support zone (120) in the second direction; The return air passage (4) is located at the other end of the mining zone (110) or the support zone (120) in the second direction; One of the mining zones (110) has a ventilation duct (101) that connects the air intake duct (3) and the air return duct (4). One of the support strips (120) adjacent to the ventilation duct (101) is provided with a first regulating window (7) and a second regulating window (8) at both ends along the second direction; when the first regulating window (7) and the second regulating window (8) are closed, the airflow flows sequentially along the path of the air inlet channel (3), the ventilation duct (101) and the return air channel (4); The coal mining machine (200) is provided with a cutting section (21), and the cutting section (21) operates in the mining zone (110) and the ventilation duct (101) are separated by a support section (120).

2. The all-pneumatic ventilation mining system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a coal conveying roadway (1) and a return air connecting roadway (2), wherein the coal conveying roadway (1) is connected to the air intake channel (3), and the return air connecting roadway (2) and the return air channel (4) are connected at the ends away from the ventilation duct (101).

3. The all-pneumatic ventilation mining system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a bolting trolley (19) for supporting the ventilation duct (101).

4. The all-pneumatic ventilation mining system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coal mining machine (200) includes a main frame (24), a propulsion unit (22), a drive unit (23), a self-moving walking device (25), an automatic gripping robotic arm (26), a belt-driven self-moving tail section (27), and a hydraulic system (29). The cutting section (21) is connected to the propulsion section (22), which is connected to the main frame (24). The drive section (23) is connected to the propulsion section (22). The hydraulic system (29) is connected to the self-moving walking device (25), which is connected to the main frame (24). The automatic gripping robotic arm (26) is used to transport and assemble / disassemble the propulsion section (22). The belt self-moving tail section (27) is connected to the propulsion section (22).

5. The all-pneumatic ventilation mining system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The propulsion unit (22) adopts a closed box-type double helix structure propulsion arm, and the multiple sections of the propulsion arm are hinged together; The drive unit (23) includes a first drive member and a second drive member. The first drive member is connected to the double helix structure, and the second drive member is connected to the propulsion arm.

6. The all-pneumatic ventilation mining system according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes an electrical system (28) and a central control room, at least one of the electrical system (28) and the hydraulic system (29) being connected to the drive unit (23); the central control room is connected to the electrical system (28) and the hydraulic system (29) respectively.

7. The all-pneumatic ventilation mining system according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a geological guidance detection module, which is connected to the central control room and is used to adjust the position of the cutting section (21).

8. A method for side-slope coal mining, characterized in that, include: The coal mining area has an intake air passage (3), a return air passage (4), a transport passage (5), and a coal transport roadway (1). The coal mining area has mining zones (110) and support zones (120) arranged alternately along a first direction. Each mining zone (110) and each support zone (120) extends along a second direction. The first direction and the second direction are set at an angle. The intake air passage (3) is located at one end of the mining zone (110) or the support zone (120) in the second direction. The return air passage (4) is located at the other end of the mining zone (110) or the support zone (120) in the second direction. One of the mining zones (110) is mined to form a ventilation duct (101) that connects the air intake duct (3) and the air return duct (4). A first adjustable window (7) and a second adjustable window (8) are respectively installed at both ends of one of the support strips (120) adjacent to the ventilation duct (101) along the second direction; Mining is carried out on one of the mining zones (110) adjacent to the ventilation duct (101); wherein the first regulating window (7) and the second regulating window (8) are closed so that the airflow flows sequentially along the path of the air intake channel (3), the ventilation duct (101) and the return air channel (4).

9. The side-wall mining method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the step of mining one of the mining zones (110) adjacent to the ventilation duct (101): When mining operations are carried out on the Nth mining zone (110), the (N-1)th mining zone (110) that has already been mined is used as the ventilation duct (101); the first regulating window (7) and the second regulating window (8) are installed on the support strip (120) on the side of the (N-1)th mining zone (110) away from the Nth mining zone (110); The ventilation duct (101) formed by filling the (N-2)th mining zone (110) is filled.

10. The side-wall mining method according to claim 8, characterized in that, include: Each mining zone (110) is sequentially mined using a strip-type skip mining method; After filling the ventilation ducts (101) formed by each of the mining zones (110), a filling zone is formed; Using the filling strip as permanent support, each of the support strips (120) is sequentially mined using a strip-type skip mining method, and the goaf formed by all the support strips (120) is filled.

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