A mine tunnel multi-stage explosion suppression method and device

Abstract

The present application relates to mine explosion suppression technical field, disclose a kind of mine roadway multistage explosion suppression method, comprising, setting central processing unit, the quantity of determining a central processing unit corresponding roadway, and all the roadway corresponding to a central processing unit is divided into several sections;Each section is provided with four levels of response, four levels of response include: first level response: system standby and early warning level;Second level response, physical isolation level, isolate the section;Third level response, active inhibition level;Fourth level response, comprehensive inerting level, release inert gas;Detection unit is arranged in each section;Central processing unit obtains parameter from detection unit, according to the change of detection unit parameter to sequentially start first level response to fourth level response.The present application is driven by multi-source perception+multistage response, and multimechanism graded start explosion suppression means, realize the gradient weakening of explosion energy and the effective blocking of diffusion path.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine explosion suppression technology, specifically to a multi-stage explosion suppression method and device for mine roadways. Background Technology

[0002] The leakage and accumulation of flammable gases in mine tunnels are the main causes of explosions. Once an explosion occurs, it will generate strong shock waves, flame radiation, and high-temperature gas flows, which can easily cause large-scale secondary disasters. Traditional explosion suppression technologies mostly rely on single methods, such as mechanical explosion-proof doors, water curtain spraying, and inert gas replacement. They usually adopt preset mechanisms and fixed response modes, making it difficult to achieve precise intervention for different stages and propagation paths of the explosion.

[0003] In recent years, some foreign mining safety research institutions (such as DMT in Germany and NIOSH in the United States) have begun to focus on the research of "multi-mechanism synergy" and "intelligent response" explosion suppression systems, attempting to reduce the degree of explosion damage through integrated technologies such as flame detection, water mist explosion suppression, and rapid sealing devices. However, these systems generally suffer from problems such as delayed response, poor linkage, and low system integration. Some domestic universities and research institutes (such as China University of Mining and Technology and Central South University) have also conducted related research on fine water mist explosion suppression, CO2 dilution, and sensor array detection. However, most of these studies remain at the level of single-mechanism verification or static structural optimization, and there is still a lack of dynamic, multi-level linkage integrated explosion suppression systems for complex mine roadway environments. Furthermore, these existing multi-mechanism explosion suppression methods are basically activated simultaneously, and the explosion suppression methods are not refined enough, leaving little reaction time for workers once activated. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a multi-level explosion suppression method and device for mine roadways. Through multi-source sensing and multi-level response driving, and multi-mechanism graded activation of explosion suppression measures, the gradient weakening of explosion energy and effective blocking of diffusion paths can be achieved.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a multi-stage explosion suppression method for mine roadways, comprising, Set up a central processing unit, determine the number of roadways corresponding to one central processing unit, and divide all roadways corresponding to one central processing unit into several sections. Each section is equipped with a four-level response system, which includes: Level 1 response: system standby and early warning level, monitoring the status of the Level 4 response to ensure normal operation; Level 2 response: physical isolation level, isolating the affected section; Level 3 response: active suppression level, actively implementing fire suppression measures and conducting secondary isolation of the affected section; Level 4 response: full inerting level, releasing inert gas. Each section is equipped with a detection unit; The central processing unit acquires parameters from the detection unit, determines the required response level based on changes in these parameters, and then initiates further execution. Furthermore, the detection unit includes a flame sensor, a temperature sensor, a methane concentration sensor, and a pressure sensor.

[0006] Furthermore, each of the four levels of response is activated based on a change in at least one parameter from the flame sensor, temperature sensor, methane concentration sensor, and pressure sensor.

[0007] Furthermore, when initiating a Level 4 response, the Level 3 response remains in the initiation state.

[0008] Furthermore, when the temperature sensor displays a temperature ≥34℃ and ≤40℃, the first-level response is activated; when the temperature sensor displays a temperature >40℃ and the methane concentration displayed by the methane concentration sensor 7 is >1.5%, the second-level response is activated; when the flame sensor detects an open flame or the pressure sensor displays a parameter >0.7MPa, the temperature sensor displays a temperature >40℃, and the methane concentration displayed by the methane concentration sensor is >2%, the third-level response is activated; when the pressure sensor displays a parameter >0.7MPa, the fourth-level response is activated.

[0009] An apparatus using a multi-stage explosion suppression method for mine roadways includes a central processing unit, a detection unit located in a section and communicatively connected to the central processing unit, and an execution unit located within the section and communicatively connected to the central processing unit.

[0010] Furthermore, the central processing unit includes an STM32 microcontroller unit and a Raspberry Pi microprocessor unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the detection unit includes a flame sensor, a temperature sensor, a methane concentration sensor, and a pressure sensor; the flame sensor, temperature sensor, methane concentration sensor, and pressure sensor are each equipped with an explosion-proof housing for mining sensors.

[0012] Furthermore, the execution unit includes: An explosion-proof door installed at the end of a section for implementing a second-level response; a passive explosion-proof door device installed along the length of the section for implementing a second-level response. Heavy-duty explosion-proof doors installed at the end of the section for implementing Level 3 response; water supply pipelines installed along the length of the section for implementing Level 3 response, and a number of water mist nozzles installed at intervals on the water supply pipelines; and a passive explosion-proof device for heavy-duty explosion-proof doors installed along the length of the section for implementing Level 3 response. A gas pipeline for implementing the fourth-level response is installed along the length of the section, and several inert gas nozzles are installed at intervals along the gas pipeline; The mechanism electronic control drive module is installed in the tunnel to drive the explosion-proof door, heavy explosion-proof door, water mist nozzle and inert gas nozzle respectively; the mechanism electronic control drive module is communicatively connected to the central processing unit; The cable conduit is used to protect each line; and the power supply and power circuit protection module is used to supply power to each component that requires power.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention is an integrated explosion suppression device that combines "sensing + multi-level driving + multi-mechanism coordination" and is suitable for mine roadway environments. It can quickly identify the initial explosion conditions, determine the explosion level in real time, and trigger multi-level explosion suppression measures as needed. It has significant theoretical value and practical application significance.

[0014] 2. Develop multi-source sensor modules and deployment strategies, determine reasonable deployment strategies, and realize the acquisition of signals such as temperature, pressure, flame and CH4 concentration to accurately identify the explosion state.

[0015] 3. Based on the STM32 / Raspberry Pi platform, the control system achieves closed-loop control of sensing-discrimination-drive, forming a multi-mechanism combination explosion suppression technology solution including inert gas injection, fine water mist spraying, and explosion-proof door closing. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the side view structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure during a three-level response; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure during a level four response.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Water mist nozzle; 2. Passive explosion-proof device for explosion-proof door; 3. Inert gas nozzle; 4. Central processing unit; 5. Flame sensor; 6. Temperature sensor; 7. Methane concentration sensor; 8. Pressure sensor; 9. Explosion-proof door; 10. Power supply pipeline; 11. Explosion-proof housing for mining sensors; 12. Power supply and power circuit protection module; 13. Water supply pipeline; 14. Mechanism electric control drive module; 15. Roadway; 16. Heavy-duty explosion-proof door; 17. Passive explosion-proof device for heavy-duty explosion-proof door; 18. Gas supply pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The directional terms mentioned in this invention, such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "side", "top" and "bottom", are only for reference to the orientation of the accompanying drawings. The directional terms used are for the purpose of explaining and understanding this invention and are not absolute limitations on the actual use.

[0020] Example: like Figures 1-4 As shown, a multi-stage explosion suppression method for mine roadways is characterized by comprising: A central processing unit 4 is established, the number of lanes 15 corresponding to one central processing unit 4 is determined, and all lanes 15 corresponding to one central processing unit 4 are divided into several sections. Each section is equipped with a four-level response system, which includes: Level 1 response: system standby and early warning level, monitoring the status of the Level 4 response to ensure normal operation; Level 2 response: physical isolation level, isolating the affected section; Level 3 response: active suppression level, actively implementing fire suppression measures and conducting secondary isolation of the affected section; Level 4 response: full inerting level, releasing inert gas. The detection process for the first-level response is as follows: the mechanism's electronic control drive module 14 periodically executes the start, stop, and resume operation of the controlled actuators (explosion-proof door 9, heavy-duty explosion-proof door 16, water mist nozzle 1, and inert gas nozzle 3), and verifies the opening and closing functions of the safety devices 2 and 17 of the explosion-proof door and heavy-duty explosion-proof door. During this process, it is not necessary for the system to be fully started and perform any work; it is only necessary to ensure that the system can be driven. Each component is equipped with an execution feedback sensor, which, when driven to perform a certain action, including any minute action, can provide feedback to the STM32 microcontroller unit or Raspberry Pi microprocessor unit, thereby determining that normal operation is possible, then stopping the start and resuming the actuator; the self-test is then complete. The purpose is to ensure that the entire device can quickly and reliably start and execute explosion suppression actions when hazardous conditions arise.

[0021] Based on the collected data, the collected data is analyzed according to different classification standards. Different indicators are set for different data, with a total of four levels. The Raspberry Pi microprocessor unit 4 matches the analysis results with indicators of different classification levels, comprehensively judges which level it should belong to, and then controls the mechanism electronic control drive module 14 to regulate various explosion-proof and explosion-suppression facilities. Each section is equipped with a detection unit; The central processing unit 4 acquires parameters from the detection unit, determines the required response level based on changes in the detection unit parameters, and then begins execution; during the execution process, the detection unit provides feedback on the data at any time.

[0022] like Figure 1 or Figure 2 As shown, the length direction of tunnel 15 or section is the same as the left-right direction in the figure; Figure 3 and Figure 4 Water droplets are visible in the image.

[0023] The detection unit includes a flame sensor 5, a temperature sensor 6, a methane concentration sensor 7, and a pressure sensor 8. These four types of sensors are suspended near the tunnel roof, and the power supply and power circuit protection module 12 prevents circuit damage. The circuits of the four types of sensors are sent out through pipes, and the data collected by each sensor is transmitted to the STM32 microcontroller / Raspberry Pi microprocessor unit 4 for data processing and analysis. All types of sensors are installed using materials permitted by the "Coal Mine Safety Regulations". The sensor housings are all made of mine explosion-proof materials, and the sensor circuit protection uses insulating materials. The circuits are sent out through insulated pipes.

[0024] Each of the four-level response stages is initiated based on a change in at least one of the parameters of the flame sensor 5, temperature sensor 6, methane concentration sensor 7, and pressure sensor 8.

[0025] Specifically, when the temperature displayed by temperature sensor 6 is ≥34℃ and ≤40℃, the first-level response is activated. At this time, the environmental parameters are about to reach their limits, and the mechanism's electronic control drive module 14 is in a periodic self-check state. At this time, it will perform self-checks on all sensors, nozzles, various switches and other facilities on the device to determine whether they are in normal condition, so as to ensure that it can respond quickly when dangerous conditions are formed.

[0026] When the temperature displayed by temperature sensor 6 is greater than 40 degrees Celsius and the methane concentration displayed by methane concentration sensor 7 is greater than 1.5%, the second-level response is initiated. The second level is the physical isolation level. At this time, the underground hazardous conditions have been formed. The mechanism's electronic control drive module 14 will control the opening of the safety device 2 of the explosion-proof door passive explosion-proof device and close the explosion-proof door 9 to form a physical barrier, separating the hazardous area from the safe area and limiting the range that the explosion may affect. At this time, the explosion-proof door passive explosion-proof device 2 relies on its own detection to trigger the closing action. When the corresponding hazardous conditions are reduced to the safe limit and continue for a period of time, the mechanism's electronic control drive module 14 will control the reopening of the explosion-proof door 9 and restore the triggering mechanism of the explosion-proof door passive explosion-proof device 2, and open it.

[0027] When the flame sensor 5 detects an open flame, or the pressure sensor 8 displays a value > 0.7 MPa, the temperature sensor 6 displays a value > 40 degrees Celsius, and the methane concentration sensor 7 displays a value > 2%, the third-level response is initiated. The third level, namely the active suppression level, indicates that the explosion is most likely in its initial stage, with an open flame or weak shock wave, a very rapid rate of temperature increase, and a methane concentration greater than 2%, requiring immediate firefighting and active secondary isolation.

[0028] If the second level fails to control the open flame or explosion, the mechanism's electronic control drive module 14 will open the solenoid valve corresponding to the water mist nozzle 1. Water from the underground fire-fighting water tank will then be supplied through the water pipe 13 and sprayed through the water mist nozzle 1. Simultaneously, the mechanism's electronic control drive module 14 will control the heavy-duty explosion-proof door 16 to close and activate the safety device 17 of the heavy-duty explosion-proof door. At this moment, the optical sensor of the heavy-duty explosion-proof door passive explosion-proof device 17 detects the signal and transmits it through the amplifier circuit to instantly detonate a small electric detonator. The detonator's explosion punctures the built-in high-pressure gas tank, releasing high pressure. This pressure is released through the annular nozzle, generating a powerful thrust that drives the valve disc to close rapidly within milliseconds, thereby physically blocking the propagation path of the explosion flame and shock wave. This achieves the purpose of cooling, extinguishing the flame, diluting oxygen, and jointly blocking the propagation of the explosion flame and shock wave. The heavy-duty explosion-proof door passive explosion-proof device 17 is similar to the explosion-proof door passive explosion-proof device 2, both using explosion-proof devices from Fike, such as the Fike DFI DN200 model. The principle of the heavy-duty explosion-proof door 16 is similar to that of the explosion-proof door 9.

[0029] When the displayed parameter of pressure sensor 8 is >0.7MPa, the fourth-level response is activated. If the fourth level is reached, the situation is characterized by a sudden and extremely large increase in temperature and a pressure peak greater than 7kPa. Strong explosive pressure and flames are detected, and the final fourth method of suffocating the explosion must be adopted. At this time, the mechanism's electronic control drive module 14 will open the solenoid valve corresponding to the inert gas nozzle 3. At this time, a large amount of inert gas is released into the protected area through the inert gas cylinder and the gas delivery pipe 18. At the same time, the water mist in the third level continues to be sprayed, which rapidly reduces the oxygen concentration and makes the explosion reaction unable to continue. When the fourth-level response is activated, the third-level response is kept in the activated state.

[0030] The device using the multi-stage explosion suppression method in mine roadways includes a central processing unit 4, a detection unit installed on the roadway 15 within the section and communicatively connected to the central processing unit 4, and an execution unit installed on the roadway 15 within the section and communicatively connected to the central processing unit 4.

[0031] The central processing unit 4 includes an STM32 microcontroller unit and a Raspberry Pi microprocessor unit; both are existing technologies and can be used directly. An STM32F103ZET6 minimum system board and a Raspberry Pi 4B 2GB / 4GB processor can be used. One control process involves four types of sensors communicating with the Raspberry Pi microprocessor unit to transmit signals. The Raspberry Pi microprocessor unit then communicates with the STM32 microcontroller unit to transmit decision information. The STM32 microcontroller unit controls the electronically controlled drive module 14.

[0032] The detection unit includes a flame sensor 5, a temperature sensor 6, a methane concentration sensor 7, and a pressure sensor 8; the flame sensor 5, temperature sensor 6, methane concentration sensor 7, and pressure sensor 8 are each equipped with a mine-use sensor explosion-proof housing 11.

[0033] The execution unit includes: An explosion-proof door 9 is installed at the end of the upper section of roadway 15 for implementing the second-level response, and an explosion-proof door passive explosion-proof device 2 is installed along the length of the section for implementing the second-level response. A heavy-duty explosion-proof door 16 is installed at the end of the section for implementing a third-level response; the heavy-duty explosion-proof door 16 and the explosion-proof door 9 are located at the same end; a water supply pipe 13 is installed along the length of the section for implementing a third-level response, and several water mist nozzles 1 are installed at intervals on the water supply pipe 13; a heavy-duty explosion-proof door passive explosion-proof device 17 is installed along the length of the section in the roadway 15 for implementing a third-level response; the two passive explosion-proof devices have the same structure and both use Fike explosion-proof devices; both are equipped with optical sensors and protected by mining explosion-proof housings, and the optical sensors are connected to the Fike valve through an amplifier circuit.

[0034] A gas pipeline 18 for implementing the fourth-level response is installed along the length of the section on the roadway 15, and several inert gas nozzles 3 are installed at intervals on the gas pipeline 18; the gas pipeline 18 and the water pipeline 13 are both installed above. The mechanism control drive module 14 is installed on the tunnel 15 to drive the explosion-proof door 9, the heavy-duty explosion-proof door 16, the water mist nozzle 1, and the inert gas nozzle 3 respectively. The mechanism control drive module 14 is communicatively connected to the central processing unit 4 and is generally installed in a suitable position on the side wall or top of the tunnel 15. The inert gas nozzle 3 is connected to the inert gas cylinder stored in the dedicated explosion-proof chamber underground through pipelines, and the water mist nozzle is also connected to the underground fire water tank through pipelines. The mechanism control drive module 14 is model PLM4010-B011-HC1S.

[0035] The power supply pipe 10 and the power supply and power circuit protection module 12 are provided. When the mechanism electric control drive module 14 is connected to the explosion-proof door 9, the heavy explosion-proof door 16, the water mist nozzle 1, the inert gas nozzle 3 and the central processing unit 4, the line is located in the power supply pipe 10 to protect the line. The power supply and power circuit protection module 12 provides power to various components of the roadway 15 (such as the central processing unit 4 and the mechanism electric control drive module 14).

[0036] The mechanism electronic control drive module 14 itself includes a communication connection module (for receiving and transmitting commands) and a power component (for starting and stopping various actuators, such as electric push rods, hydraulic cylinders, etc.).

[0037] One of the specific working processes is as follows: First, each sensor transmits real-time data to the Raspberry Pi microprocessor unit through a loop. The Raspberry Pi microprocessor unit analyzes the obtained data, classifies the response level, and makes corresponding decisions to achieve the effect of fast and accurate perception. Then, the Raspberry Pi microprocessor unit sends the confirmed response level signal to the STM32 microcontroller unit, which in turn sends control commands to the mechanism electronic control drive module 14 to perform different levels of processes according to the graded response results given by the Raspberry Pi microprocessor unit. Finally, based on different levels of progress, different components are switched on and off accordingly to implement corresponding explosion suppression measures, achieving a multi-level drive coordination and multi-mechanism explosion suppression effect. After the fire extinguishing and explosion suppression are completed, the sensors detect the return of various parameters, and then the Raspberry Pi microprocessor unit repeats the above operations to enable the mechanism electronic control drive module 14 to control each execution unit to recover.

[0038] The above description is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and is not intended to limit it. Any other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention, as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage explosion suppression method for mine roadways, characterized in that: include, Set up a central processing unit (4), determine the number of lanes (15) corresponding to one central processing unit (4), and divide all lanes (15) corresponding to one central processing unit (4) into several sections; Each section is equipped with a four-level response system, which includes: Level 1 response: system standby and early warning level, monitoring the status of the Level 4 response to ensure normal operation; Level 2 response: physical isolation level, isolating the affected section; Level 3 response: active suppression level, actively implementing fire suppression measures and further isolating the affected section; Level 4 response: full inerting level, releasing inert gas. A detection unit is provided within each of the aforementioned sections; The central processing unit (4) acquires parameters from the detection unit, determines the level based on the changes in the detection unit parameters, and then controls the execution of the corresponding level response.

2. The multi-stage explosion suppression method for mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection unit includes a flame sensor (5), a temperature sensor (6), a methane concentration sensor (7), and a pressure sensor (8).

3. The multi-stage explosion suppression method for mine roadways according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the four-level responses is initiated based on a change in at least one of the parameters of the flame sensor (5), temperature sensor (6), methane concentration sensor (7), and pressure sensor (8).

4. The multi-stage explosion suppression method for mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: When initiating the fourth-level response, the third-level response remains in the initiation state.

5. A multi-stage explosion suppression method for mine roadways according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the temperature displayed by the temperature sensor (6) is ≥34℃ and ≤40℃, the first-level response is activated; when the temperature displayed by the temperature sensor (6) is >40℃ and the methane concentration displayed by the methane concentration sensor (7) is >1.5%, the second-level response is activated; when the flame sensor (5) detects an open flame or the displayed parameter of the pressure sensor (8) is >0.7MPa, the displayed temperature of the temperature sensor (6) is >40℃ and the methane concentration displayed by the methane concentration sensor (7) is >2%, the third-level response is activated; when the displayed parameter of the pressure sensor (8) is >0.7MPa, the fourth-level response is activated.

6. An apparatus for using a multi-stage explosion suppression method for mine roadways according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: It includes a central processing unit (4), a detection unit located in the section and communicatively connected to the central processing unit (4), and an execution unit located in the section and communicatively connected to the central processing unit (4).

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The central processing unit (4) includes an STM32 microcontroller unit and a Raspberry Pi microprocessor unit.

8. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The detection unit includes a flame sensor (5), a temperature sensor (6), a methane concentration sensor (7), and a pressure sensor (8); the flame sensor (5), temperature sensor (6), methane concentration sensor (7), and pressure sensor (8) are respectively provided with explosion-proof housings (11) for mining sensors.

9. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The execution unit includes: An explosion-proof door (9) installed at the end of the section for implementing the second-level response, and an explosion-proof door passive explosion-proof device (2) installed along the length of the section for implementing the second-level response. Heavy-duty explosion-proof door (16) installed at the end of the section for implementing the third-level response; water supply pipe (13) installed along the length of the section for implementing the third-level response, and a number of water mist nozzles (1) installed at intervals on the water supply pipe (13); heavy-duty explosion-proof door passive explosion-proof device (17) installed along the length of the section for implementing the third-level response. A gas pipeline (18) for implementing the fourth-level response is provided along the length of the section, and several inert gas nozzles (3) are provided at intervals on the gas pipeline (18). The mechanism electronic control drive module (14) is installed on the roadway (15) to drive the explosion-proof door (9), heavy explosion-proof door (16), water mist nozzle (1) and inert gas nozzle (3) respectively; the mechanism electronic control drive module (14) is communicatively connected to the central processing unit (4); The cable conduit (10) is used to protect each line; and the power supply and power circuit protection module (12) is used to supply power to each component that requires power.

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