Road embedded magnetic sensor vehicle weighing system and its weighing method

Abstract

The application discloses a road embedded magnetic sensor vehicle weighing system and a weighing method thereof. The system comprises a bearing structure, an elastic bearing structure, a fixed reference structure, a magnetic field source and at least two magnetic sensors. The bearing structure is used for directly bearing the load applied by the vehicle tire, and the upper surface is flush with the road surface or forms an integral structure with the road surface through a cover layer. The elastic bearing structure is arranged between the bearing structure and the fixed reference structure, and generates a repeatable and modelable elastic deformation under the action of the vehicle load, and the elastic deformation is used for representing the size of the vehicle load. The application discloses the road embedded magnetic sensor vehicle weighing system and the weighing method thereof, so as to solve the problems of poor stability and easy environmental interference of the existing mechanical sensitive element weighing device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of vehicle weighing technology, specifically relating to a road-embedded magnetic sensor vehicle weighing system and its weighing method. Background Technology

[0002] Vehicle weighing technology is widely used in areas such as highway overload control, traffic management, and road structure safety monitoring. To meet the weighing requirements under high-speed driving conditions, existing technologies mostly adopt modular embedded dynamic weighing schemes, enabling load measurement to be completed while the vehicle is in normal driving.

[0003] Most existing dynamic weighing devices are designed based on mechanically sensitive elements such as strain gauges, piezoelectric sensors, or quartz crystals. These technologies measure weight by detecting changes in stress or strain in the load-bearing structure under vehicle loads. To ensure a smooth ride, the upper surface of the load-bearing structure is usually flush with or integrated with the road surface.

[0004] However, this type of technology has obvious drawbacks. The mechanically sensitive element directly participates in the load-bearing path and is subjected to repeated loading and impact from vehicles over a long period of time, which can easily lead to material fatigue and performance drift, resulting in decreased measurement stability. At the same time, factors such as temperature changes, roadbed settlement, uneven structural stiffness, and non-uniform vehicle pressure in the road environment can introduce irrelevant interference components into the weighing signal, reducing measurement accuracy and reliability.

[0005] Magnetic sensors offer a novel approach to addressing the aforementioned challenges due to their non-contact measurement capabilities, insensitivity to mechanical stress, strong resistance to electromagnetic interference, and high sensitivity. However, current technology lacks a systematic solution that integrates the advantages of magnetic sensors with the demands of high-precision dynamic weighing. There is an urgent need to innovate sensing structures and signal processing mechanisms to achieve long-term, reliable, and high-precision dynamic weighing monitoring of high-speed vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a road-embedded magnetic sensor vehicle weighing system and its weighing method to solve the problems of poor stability and susceptibility to environmental interference in existing mechanically sensitive element weighing devices.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a road-embedded magnetic sensor vehicle weighing system, comprising a load-bearing structure, an elastic load-bearing structure, a fixed reference structure, a magnetic field source, and at least two magnetic sensors, wherein: The load-bearing structure is used to directly bear the load applied by the vehicle tires, and its upper surface is flush with the road surface or forms an integral structure with the road surface through a covering layer; The elastic load-bearing structure is disposed between the load-bearing structure and the fixed reference structure, and generates repeatable and modelable elastic deformation under vehicle load, and the elastic deformation is used to characterize the magnitude of the vehicle load. The fixed reference structure remains fixed relative to the road surface to provide a stable spatial reference for magnetic field detection. The magnetic field source is disposed on the bearing structure or the elastic bearing structure, and moves or changes its attitude as the bearing structure or the elastic bearing structure moves under the vehicle load, forming a stable and predictable magnetic field distribution in space. The magnetic sensor is fixedly mounted on the fixed reference structure and located within the magnetic field range of the magnetic field source, and is used to collect magnetic field signals generated by the magnetic field source at different spatial locations.

[0008] As a further preferred technical solution to the above technical solution, the magnetic field source is a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, or other structure that generates a stable magnetic field.

[0009] This invention also provides a method for weighing vehicles using a road-embedded magnetic sensor, comprising the following steps: Step S1: When the vehicle travels to the weighing area, the tire load acts on the load-bearing structure, causing the elastic load-bearing structure to undergo elastic deformation. Step S2: The magnetic field source undergoes displacement or attitude change with the load-bearing structure or elastic load-bearing structure under vehicle load, and its spatial position changes relative to at least two magnetic sensors fixed on the reference structure, thereby causing changes in the magnetic field strength or magnetic field distribution detected by the magnetic sensors. Step S3: The magnetic sensors spatially sample the changes in the magnetic field and perform differential or fusion processing on the output signals of multiple magnetic sensors to obtain the equivalent displacement representing the overall deformation state of the elastic load-bearing structure. ; Step S4: Based on the obtained equivalent displacement The vehicle load F is analyzed by combining the equivalent stiffness coefficient k of the elastic bearing structure, and the vehicle weight W is calculated. Step S5: During the process of the vehicle dynamically passing through the weighing area, the magnetic sensor continuously collects time-series magnetic field signals. Based on the characteristic curve of the magnetic field signal changing with time, the load information of the tire entering, acting on, and leaving the weighing area is extracted, and dynamic weighing is completed in combination with the vehicle's driving speed.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in step S2, the magnetic induction intensity signal output by the i-th magnetic sensor is denoted as... This signal represents the relative distance between the magnetic field source and the magnetic sensor. d i The function, that is: ; Among them, the function It is determined by the type of magnetic field source, the characteristics of the magnetic field distribution, and the installation location of the magnetic sensor.

[0011] As a further preferred technical solution to the above technical solution, in step S3, the equivalent displacement... Represented as: ; in, It is a difference or fusion function used to suppress errors caused by structural tilt, local deformation and environmental magnetic field disturbances, so that the processed result reflects the overall elastic deformation caused by vehicle load.

[0012] As a further preferred technical solution to the above technical solution, in step S4, within the elastic working range, the vehicle load F and the equivalent displacement are... They satisfy a linear relationship, that is k is the equivalent stiffness coefficient of the elastically supported structure; finally, the vehicle weight is calculated. , This is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. By using a magnetic sensor to replace the traditional mechanical sensing element, the load can be detected indirectly, avoiding the sensing element from directly bearing high impact loads and improving the long-term stability of the system.

[0014] 2. By spatially arranging multiple magnetic sensors and performing differential fusion processing, measurement errors caused by the tilting of the load-bearing structure and non-uniform force are effectively suppressed, thereby improving weighing accuracy.

[0015] 3. It is embedded in the road surface, compatible with existing road structures, has low construction and maintenance costs, and is suitable for complex application scenarios such as highways. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a system schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The following description is intended to disclose the present invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the invention defined in the following description can be applied to other embodiments, modifications, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0019] In the preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art should note that the magnetic sensors and the like involved in the present invention can be considered as prior art.

[0020] Preferred embodiment.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention discloses a road-embedded magnetic sensor vehicle weighing system, including a load-bearing structure, an elastic load-bearing structure, a fixed reference structure, a magnetic field source, and at least two magnetic sensors, wherein: The load-bearing structure is used to directly bear the load applied by the vehicle tires, and its upper surface is flush with the road surface or forms an integral structure with the road surface through the covering layer (so that the vehicle does not experience significant impact or sudden changes in driving when passing through the weighing area). The elastic load-bearing structure is disposed between the load-bearing structure and the fixed reference structure, and generates (small but) repeatable and modelable elastic deformation under vehicle load, and the elastic deformation is used to characterize the magnitude of the vehicle load. The fixed reference structure remains fixed relative to the road surface to provide a stable spatial reference for magnetic field detection (thereby ensuring the stability of the measurement reference under long-term service conditions). The magnetic field source is disposed on the bearing structure or the elastic bearing structure, and moves or changes its posture as the bearing structure or the elastic bearing structure moves under the vehicle load, forming a stable and predictable magnetic field distribution in space (the magnetic field source is a functionally defined magnetic field generating unit). The magnetic sensor is fixedly mounted on the fixed reference structure and located within the magnetic field range of the magnetic field source, and is used to collect magnetic field signals generated by the magnetic field source at different spatial locations.

[0022] Specifically, the magnetic field source is a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, or other structure that generates a stable magnetic field.

[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also discloses a vehicle weighing method using a road-embedded magnetic sensor, comprising the following steps: Step S1: When the vehicle travels to the weighing area, the tire load acts on the load-bearing structure, causing the elastic load-bearing structure to undergo elastic deformation. Step S2: The magnetic field source undergoes displacement or attitude change with the load-bearing structure or elastic load-bearing structure under vehicle load, and its spatial position changes relative to at least two magnetic sensors fixed on the reference structure, thereby causing changes in the magnetic field strength or magnetic field distribution detected by the magnetic sensors. Step S3: (In actual working conditions, the load distribution of vehicle tires on the load-bearing structure is usually not completely uniform. Under load, the load-bearing structure may undergo local deformation or slight tilting, resulting in inconsistent changes in the relative distances corresponding to the magnetic sensors at different locations. If only a single magnetic sensor is used for detection, its output signal is easily affected by factors such as the tilt of the load-bearing structure, uneven local stress, and installation deviations, making it difficult to accurately reflect the equivalent displacement state corresponding to the overall load.) The magnetic sensor spatially samples the changes in the magnetic field and performs differential or fusion processing on the output signals of multiple magnetic sensors to obtain the equivalent displacement representing the overall deformation state of the elastic load-bearing structure. ; Step S4: Based on the obtained equivalent displacement The vehicle load F is analyzed by combining the equivalent stiffness coefficient k of the elastic bearing structure, and the vehicle weight W is calculated. Step S5: During the process of the vehicle dynamically passing through the weighing area, the magnetic sensor continuously collects time-series magnetic field signals. Based on the characteristic curve of the magnetic field signal changing with time, the load information of the tire entering, acting on, and leaving the weighing area is extracted, and dynamic weighing is completed in combination with the vehicle's driving speed.

[0024] Specifically, in step S2, the magnetic induction intensity signal output by the i-th magnetic sensor is denoted as... This signal represents the relative distance between the magnetic field source and the magnetic sensor. d i The function, that is: ; Among them, the function The magnetic field is determined by the type of magnetic field source, the characteristics of the magnetic field distribution, and the installation location of the magnetic sensor (and can be obtained through theoretical modeling or experimental calibration).

[0025] More specifically, in step S3, the equivalent displacement Represented as: ; in, It is a difference or fusion function used to suppress errors caused by structural tilt, local deformation and environmental magnetic field disturbances, so that the processed result reflects the overall elastic deformation caused by vehicle load.

[0026] Preferably, in step S4, within the elastic working range, the vehicle load F and the equivalent displacement are... They satisfy an (approximate) linear relationship, that is k is the equivalent stiffness coefficient of the elastically supported structure (this coefficient can be obtained through structural design parameters or calibration methods); finally, the vehicle weight is calculated. , This is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0027] Through the above methods, the present invention realizes a vehicle weighing scheme based on magnetic sensors without changing the overall road surface structure, thereby decoupling the weighing sensing unit from the direct load-bearing path in terms of structure and improving the stability and environmental adaptability of the system from the perspective of measurement mechanism.

[0028] This invention replaces traditional strain gauge load cells with magnetic sensors to achieve indirect load detection, avoiding direct exposure of weighing elements to high impact loads and improving the long-term stability of the system. Through the spatial arrangement and differential processing of multiple magnetic sensors, measurement errors caused by the tilt of the load-bearing structure and non-uniform force are effectively suppressed. The weighing module is integrated with the road surface in an embedded manner, compatible with existing road structures, with low construction and maintenance costs, and is suitable for complex application scenarios such as highway vehicle weighing.

[0029] It is worth mentioning that the technical features such as magnetic sensors involved in this patent application should be regarded as prior art. The specific structure, working principle, and possible control methods and spatial arrangement of these technical features can be adopted using conventional choices in the field, and should not be regarded as the inventive point of this patent. This patent will not be further elaborated in detail.

[0030] For those skilled in the art, modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A road-embedded magnetic sensor vehicle weighing system, characterized in that, It includes a load-bearing structure, an elastic load-bearing structure, a fixed reference structure, a magnetic field source, and at least two magnetic sensors, wherein: The load-bearing structure is used to directly bear the load applied by the vehicle tires, and its upper surface is flush with the road surface or forms an integral structure with the road surface through a covering layer; The elastic load-bearing structure is disposed between the load-bearing structure and the fixed reference structure, and generates repeatable and modelable elastic deformation under vehicle load, and the elastic deformation is used to characterize the magnitude of the vehicle load. The fixed reference structure remains fixed relative to the road surface to provide a stable spatial reference for magnetic field detection. The magnetic field source is disposed on the bearing structure or the elastic bearing structure, and moves or changes its attitude as the bearing structure or the elastic bearing structure moves under the vehicle load, forming a stable and predictable magnetic field distribution in space. The magnetic sensor is fixedly mounted on the fixed reference structure and located within the magnetic field range of the magnetic field source, and is used to collect magnetic field signals generated by the magnetic field source at different spatial locations.

2. The road embedded magnetic sensor vehicle weighing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic field source is a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, or other structure that generates a stable magnetic field.

3. A method for weighing vehicles using a road-embedded magnetic sensor, applied to the road-embedded magnetic sensor vehicle weighing system described in any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: When the vehicle travels to the weighing area, the tire load acts on the load-bearing structure, causing the elastic load-bearing structure to undergo elastic deformation. Step S2: The magnetic field source undergoes displacement or attitude change with the load-bearing structure or elastic load-bearing structure under vehicle load, and its spatial position changes relative to at least two magnetic sensors fixed on the reference structure, thereby causing changes in the magnetic field strength or magnetic field distribution detected by the magnetic sensors. Step S3: The magnetic sensors spatially sample the changes in the magnetic field and perform differential or fusion processing on the output signals of multiple magnetic sensors to obtain the equivalent displacement representing the overall deformation state of the elastic load-bearing structure. ; Step S4: Based on the obtained equivalent displacement The vehicle load F is analyzed by combining the equivalent stiffness coefficient k of the elastic bearing structure, and the vehicle weight W is calculated. Step S5: During the process of the vehicle dynamically passing through the weighing area, the magnetic sensor continuously collects time-series magnetic field signals. Based on the characteristic curve of the magnetic field signal changing with time, the load information of the tire entering, acting on, and leaving the weighing area is extracted, and dynamic weighing is completed in combination with the vehicle's driving speed.

4. The method for weighing vehicles using a road-embedded magnetic sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S2, the magnetic induction intensity signal output by the i-th magnetic sensor is denoted as... This signal represents the relative distance between the magnetic field source and the magnetic sensor. d i The function, that is: ； Among them, the function It is determined by the type of magnetic field source, the characteristics of the magnetic field distribution, and the installation location of the magnetic sensor.

5. A method for weighing vehicles using a road-embedded magnetic sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S3, the equivalent displacement Represented as: ； in, It is a difference or fusion function used to suppress errors caused by structural tilt, local deformation and environmental magnetic field disturbances, so that the processed result reflects the overall elastic deformation caused by vehicle load.

6. The method for weighing vehicles using a road-embedded magnetic sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S4, within the elastic working range, the vehicle load F and the equivalent displacement are... They satisfy a linear relationship, that is k is the equivalent stiffness coefficient of the elastically supported structure; finally, the vehicle weight is calculated. , This is the acceleration due to gravity.

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