A free-launching water vehicle test model with active ventilation function

Abstract

The present application relates to underwater launching test technology of a navigation body, in particular to a free launching underwater navigation body test model with active ventilation function. The test model comprises a head section, a column section, a shoulder air chamber and a ventilation system. The outside wall of the shoulder air chamber is provided with a mounting ring in the circumferential direction, which is mounted on the inside of the head of the column section. The bottom of the shoulder air chamber is provided with an air inlet, and the side wall is uniformly provided with air holes in the circumferential direction. A first gap is arranged between the column section and the shoulder air chamber. The head section is mounted on the air chamber cover of the shoulder air chamber, and a second gap is arranged between the head section and the column section. The three parts are connected to form an exhaust passage. The air tank of the ventilation system is mounted in the column section, and the connecting air pipe is connected to the air inlet of the shoulder air chamber. The model can uniformly and stably exhaust air, simulate the evolution process of the ventilation air bubble, and the layered assembly structure is convenient for disassembly, maintenance and comparison test. It can provide reliable test means for revealing the dynamic mechanism of the ventilation air bubble, and solve the problems of low working condition restoration degree and inconvenient maintenance of the existing model.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underwater launch test technology for naval vehicles, and in particular to a test model of a naval vehicle capable of being launched from the water with active ventilation. Background Technology

[0002] During the emergence of an underwater vehicle, non-condensable gases are typically actively ejected from its shoulder, forming venting cavitation bubbles. This process reduces drag and enhances stability during high-speed underwater movement. The development and evolution of these venting cavitation bubbles exhibit significant unsteady characteristics. The backflow within the bubbles can induce the shedding of gas clusters of different sizes, causing continuous pressure fluctuations near the surface of the vehicle. Furthermore, the collapse of these bubbles during the emergence process generates intense collapse pressures, resulting in a highly complex mechanical environment for the vehicle during its emergence. Therefore, exploring the evolution mechanism of venting cavitation bubbles and the hydrodynamic characteristics of the vehicle during its emergence is of great significance.

[0003] Currently, most experimental studies related to ventilated cavitation are conducted using circulating water tunnels or towing devices for vehicles with constrained degrees of freedom, resulting in significant discrepancies between the flow environment and motion boundaries and the actual water emergence process. Existing experimental methods generally struggle to simultaneously and completely replicate the free ejection motion, active ventilated cavitation, and the water emergence process across the free surface. Experimental methods capable of simulating the evolution of ventilated cavitation during actual water emergence for vehicles remain very limited. Therefore, this invention provides a test model for the free ejection of a vehicle with active ventilation capabilities. This model can realistically replicate the water emergence process of a submarine-launched vehicle under unconstrained free motion conditions and can experimentally study the generation, evolution, collapse, and coupling of ventilated cavitation with the vehicle, thus providing an effective experimental means to reveal the dynamic mechanism of ventilated cavitation during underwater launch. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a test model of a free-ejection waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A test model of a free-launching waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function includes a head section, a column section, a shoulder air chamber, and a ventilation system. The outer wall of the shoulder air chamber is provided with a mounting ring in the circumferential direction. The shoulder air chamber is installed on the inner side of the head of the column section through the mounting ring. An air inlet pipe interface is opened at the bottom of the shoulder air chamber. Ventilation holes are evenly opened in the circumferential direction on the side wall of the shoulder air chamber above the mounting ring. There is a first gap between the inner wall of the head of the column section and the outer wall of the shoulder air chamber. An air chamber cover is installed on the top of the shoulder air chamber. The head section is installed on the air chamber cover. There is a second gap between the lower side wall of the head section and the upper side wall of the head of the column section. The ventilation holes, the first gap, and the second gap are connected in sequence to form an exhaust channel. The ventilation system includes an air tank and a connecting pipe. The air tank is installed inside the column section, and the input end of the connecting pipe is connected to the output end of the air tank. The output end of the connecting pipe is located inside the air inlet interface of the shoulder air chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, the ventilation system also includes a one-way valve, a throttle valve, a solenoid valve, an intermediate relay, and a lithium battery. The one-way valve is installed at the output end of the connecting air pipe, and the output end of the one-way valve is located in the air inlet interface of the shoulder air chamber. The solenoid valve and the throttle valve are both installed on the connecting air pipe. The intermediate relay and the lithium battery are installed in the column section. The solenoid valve is electrically connected to the intermediate relay, and the intermediate relay is electrically connected to the lithium battery.

[0008] Furthermore, the ventilation system also includes a solenoid valve baffle, a transparent cover, and a diffuse reflection photoelectric switch. The solenoid valve baffle is installed inside the column segment, and the connecting air pipe passes through the solenoid valve baffle. The solenoid valve is located on the upper side of the solenoid valve baffle, and the diffuse reflection photoelectric switch is located on the lower side of the solenoid valve baffle. A photoelectric switch mounting hole is provided on the column segment corresponding to the position of the diffuse reflection photoelectric switch, and the probe of the diffuse reflection photoelectric switch is installed in the photoelectric switch mounting hole. A transparent cover mounting groove is provided on the outer wall of the column segment corresponding to the photoelectric switch mounting hole, and the transparent cover is installed in the transparent cover mounting groove. The signal output terminal of the diffuse reflection photoelectric switch is connected to the signal input terminal of the intermediate relay, and the power supply terminal of the diffuse reflection photoelectric switch is electrically connected to the lithium battery.

[0009] Furthermore, the column segment includes a first column segment, a second column segment, a third column segment, and a tail segment. The shoulder air chamber is installed on the inner side of the head of the first column segment. The first column segment, the second column segment, the third column segment, and the tail segment are fixedly connected in sequence. The first column segment, the second column segment, and the third column segment are respectively provided with a first pressure sensor mounting hole, a second pressure sensor mounting hole, and a third pressure sensor mounting hole. Pressure sensors are installed at the positions of the first pressure sensor mounting hole, the second pressure sensor mounting hole, and the third pressure sensor mounting hole and on the inner side of each column segment. The probes of each pressure sensor are respectively installed in the corresponding sensor mounting holes.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a data acquisition module. The third column section has a data acquisition module mounting hole. The data acquisition module is located inside the third column section and is installed at the data acquisition module mounting hole position by screws. The second column section has a first internal through hole, and the third column section has a second internal through hole. The signal cables of each pressure sensor pass through the first internal through hole and the second internal through hole respectively and are connected to the data acquisition module.

[0011] Furthermore, the first column segment has two rings of first column segment sealing ring mounting grooves at its bottom, with a first column segment lower mounting hole between the two rings of first column segment sealing ring mounting grooves; the second column segment has a second column segment upper mounting hole at its top that corresponds to the first column segment lower mounting hole; the second column segment has two rings of second column segment sealing ring mounting grooves at its bottom, with a second column segment lower mounting hole between the two rings of second column segment sealing ring mounting grooves; the third column segment has a third column segment upper mounting hole at its top that corresponds to the second column segment lower mounting hole; the third column segment has two rings of third column segment sealing ring mounting grooves at its bottom, with a third column segment lower mounting hole between the two rings of third column segment sealing ring mounting grooves; and the tail segment has a tail segment mounting hole at its top that corresponds to the third column segment lower mounting hole. Sealing rings are installed in the first, second, and third column segment sealing ring mounting grooves; each corresponding mounting hole is fixed with screws, achieving a sequential fixed and sealed connection of the first, second, third, and tail segments.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer side of the mounting ring of the shoulder air chamber is provided with a second mounting hole for the shoulder air chamber, and the top of the first column section is provided with a mounting hole on the first column section that corresponds to and mates with the second mounting hole of the shoulder air chamber. The outer side of the mounting ring is also provided with a second sealing ring mounting groove, and a sealing ring is installed in the second sealing ring mounting groove. The second mounting hole of the shoulder air chamber and the mounting hole on the first column section are fixed by screws to achieve a fixed and sealed connection between the mounting ring and the inner wall of the first column section.

[0013] Furthermore, the top of the air chamber cover is provided with a first mounting hole for the air chamber cover, and the top of the shoulder air chamber is provided with a first mounting hole for the shoulder air chamber that mates with the first mounting hole for the air chamber cover. The top of the shoulder air chamber is provided with a first sealing ring mounting groove for the shoulder air chamber, and a sealing ring is installed in the first sealing ring mounting groove for the shoulder air chamber. The first mounting hole for the air chamber cover and the first mounting hole for the shoulder air chamber are fixed by screws to achieve a sealed installation of the air chamber cover on the top of the shoulder air chamber. The outer wall of the air chamber cover is provided with a second mounting hole for the air chamber cover, and the bottom of the head section is provided with a head section mounting hole that mates with the second mounting hole for the air chamber cover. The second mounting hole for the air chamber cover and the head section mounting hole are fixed by screws. At the contact position between the air chamber cover and the head section, a sealing ring mounting groove for the air chamber cover is provided, and a sealing ring is installed in the sealing ring mounting groove for the air chamber cover to achieve a sealed setting between the air chamber cover and the head section. The bottom of the head section is provided with a raised platform, and the lower surface of the raised platform is in contact with the upper surface of the air chamber cover.

[0014] Furthermore, the solenoid valve baffle is provided with a first mounting hole for the solenoid valve baffle, and the second column section is provided with a second mounting hole for the solenoid valve baffle that corresponds to and cooperates with the first mounting hole for the solenoid valve baffle. The first mounting hole for the solenoid valve baffle and the second mounting hole for the solenoid valve baffle are fixedly installed by screws.

[0015] Furthermore, the connecting air pipe includes a first connecting air pipe and a second connecting air pipe. The input end of the first connecting air pipe is connected to the output end of the gas storage tank, the output end of the first connecting air pipe is connected to the input end of the solenoid valve, the output end of the solenoid valve is connected to the input end of the second connecting air pipe, a one-way valve is installed at the output end of the second connecting air pipe, and a throttle valve is installed on the second connecting air pipe.

[0016] Advantages and positive effects of the present invention: The shoulder air chamber has vents evenly distributed around its circumference. Combined with the first gap between the column section and the shoulder air chamber, and the second gap between the head section and the column section, the exhaust channels can be formed, allowing the gas to be discharged evenly and stably. This can realistically simulate the generation, attachment, and detachment of ventilated cavitation bubbles when the submarine emerges from the water, avoiding distortion of cavitation bubble morphology caused by uneven gas discharge.

[0017] The shoulder chamber is connected to the inner side of the column head through an installation ring. The chamber cover and head section are assembled in layers. The disassembly and assembly process does not require damage to the main structure. This facilitates the inspection of whether the vent is blocked after the test and also allows for the quick replacement of vent components with different diameters and head sections with different shapes to conduct comparative tests.

[0018] The test model of the aircraft can realize the active ventilation cavitation simulation function during the ejection process. By adjusting the pressure of the air tank and the throttle valve, the ventilation volume can be adjusted. By adjusting the position of the photoelectric switch or the on / off time of the relay, the ventilation start time can be adjusted. The ventilation control is precise and the response is rapid. It has the advantage of easy adjustment of ventilation parameters.

[0019] This experimental model can collect pressure and motion parameter data during the water discharge process, which facilitates in-depth analysis of the experimental results through data. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This invention provides an overall structural diagram of a test model of a free-launching waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of a test model of a free-ejection waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function, provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is an assembly cross-sectional view of the head section and the first column section of a free-ejection waterborne vehicle test model with active ventilation function provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This invention provides a structural diagram of the head section of a test model of a free-ejection waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the head section of a test model of a free-ejection waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This invention provides a structural diagram of the first column segment of a test model of a free-launching waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the first column section of a test model of a free-ejection waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function provided by the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 The structure of the second column section of a free-launching waterborne vehicle test model with active ventilation function provided by the present invention Figure 1 .

[0029] Figure 9 The structure of the second column section of a free-launching waterborne vehicle test model with active ventilation function provided by the present invention Figure 2 .

[0030] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the second column section of a test model of a free-ejection waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function provided by the present invention.

[0031] Figure 11 The structural diagram of the third column section of a test model of a free-launching waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function provided by the present invention.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the third column section of a test model of a free-ejection waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function provided by the present invention.

[0033] Figure 13 The diagram shows the tail section of a test model of a free-launching waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function, provided by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of the tail section of a test model of a free-ejection waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function provided by the present invention.

[0035] Figure 15 This invention provides a structural diagram of the air chamber cover of a test model of a free-ejection waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function.

[0036] Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional view of the air chamber cover of a test model of a free-ejection waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function provided by the present invention.

[0037] Figure 17 This invention provides a structural diagram of the shoulder air chamber of a test model of a free-ejection waterborne vehicle with active ventilation.

[0038] Figure 18 This is a cross-sectional view of the shoulder air chamber of a test model of a free-ejection waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function provided by the present invention.

[0039] Figure 19 The present invention provides a structural diagram of the ventilation system of a test model of a free-launching waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function.

[0040] In the diagram: 1. Head section; 2. First column section; 3. Second column section; 4. Third column section; 5. Tail section; 6. Air chamber cover; 7. Shoulder air chamber; 8. Ventilation system; 9. Data acquisition module; 10. Pressure sensor; 101. Head section mounting hole; 102. Raised platform; 201. First column section upper mounting hole; 202. First pressure sensor mounting hole; 203. First column section lower mounting hole; 204. First column section sealing ring mounting groove; 301. Second column section upper mounting hole; 302. Photoelectric switch mounting hole; 303. Transparent cover mounting groove; 304. Second pressure sensor mounting hole; 305. Solenoid valve baffle mounting hole; 306. First internal through hole; 307. Second column section lower mounting hole; 308. Second column section sealing ring mounting groove; 401. Third column section upper mounting hole; 402. Third pressure sensor mounting hole; 403. Data acquisition module mounting hole; 40 4. Second internal through hole; 405. Third column section lower mounting hole; 406. Third column section sealing ring mounting groove; 501. Tail section mounting hole; 601. Air chamber upper cover first mounting hole; 602. Air chamber upper cover second mounting hole; 603. Air chamber upper cover sealing ring mounting groove; 701. Shoulder air chamber first mounting hole; 702. Vent hole; 703. Shoulder air chamber second mounting hole; 704. Air inlet pipe interface; 705. Shoulder air chamber first seal 706. Second sealing ring mounting groove for shoulder air chamber; 707. Mounting ring; 708. First gap; 709. Second gap; 801. Air tank; 802. First connecting air pipe; 803. Solenoid valve; 804. Second connecting air pipe; 805. Throttling valve; 806. One-way valve; 807. Diffuse reflection photoelectric switch; 808. Transparent cover plate; 809. Intermediate relay; 810. Lithium battery; 811. Solenoid valve baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0043] This invention provides a test model of a free-launching waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the model includes a head section 1, column sections, a shoulder air chamber 7, and a ventilation system 8. The column sections include a first column section 2, a second column section 3, a third column section 4, and a tail section 5, all of which are sequentially fixed and sealed together. The shoulder air chamber 7 is installed inside the head of the first column section 2, and its top is fitted with an air chamber cover 6. The head section 1 is mounted on the air chamber cover 6. The ventilation system 8 is installed inside the column sections to supply gas to the shoulder air chamber 7. The test model is also equipped with a pressure sensor 10 and a data acquisition module 9 to collect pressure data during the test. The head section 1 has a conical shell structure, while the first column sections 2, 3, and 4 have cylindrical shell structures. Each column section is detachable to facilitate the installation of the internal ventilation system 8. The head section 1 can be replaced with different shapes and specifications for easy comparison tests.

[0044] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the head section 1 is a conical shell structure with a head section mounting hole 101 at its bottom and a raised platform 102; there is a second gap 709 between the lower side wall of the head section 1 and the upper side wall of the head of the first column section 2.

[0045] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 17 , Figure 18 As shown, a mounting ring 707 is provided circumferentially on the outer side wall of the shoulder air chamber 7. The outer side of the mounting ring 707 is provided with a second mounting hole 703 for the shoulder air chamber and a second sealing ring mounting groove 706. A sealing ring is installed in the second sealing ring mounting groove 706. The top of the first column section 2 is provided with a first column section mounting hole 201 that corresponds to and mates with the second mounting hole 703 of the shoulder air chamber. The two are fixed by screws to achieve a fixed and sealed connection between the mounting ring 707 and the inner side wall of the first column section 2.

[0046] An air inlet port 704 is provided at the bottom of the shoulder chamber 7. Ventilation holes 702 are evenly distributed around the side wall above the mounting ring 707, facilitating uniform gas flow. A first gap 708 exists between the inner side wall of the head of the first column segment 2 and the outer side wall of the shoulder chamber 7. The ventilation holes 702, the first gap 708, and the second gap 709 are connected in sequence to form an exhaust channel.

[0047] like Figure 3 , Figure 15 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 As shown, the top of the air chamber cover 6 is provided with a first mounting hole 602, and the top of the shoulder air chamber 7 is provided with a first mounting hole 701 that mates with the first mounting hole 602. The top of the shoulder air chamber 7 is also provided with a first sealing ring mounting groove 705, in which a sealing ring is installed. The first mounting hole 602 and the first mounting hole 701 are fixed by screws, so that the air chamber cover 6 is sealed and installed on the top of the shoulder air chamber 7.

[0048] The outer wall of the air chamber cover 6 is provided with a second mounting hole 601 for the air chamber cover. The second mounting hole 601 for the air chamber cover 6 mates with the mounting hole 101 of the head section 1 at the bottom of the head section 1, and the two are fixed by screws. At the contact position between the air chamber cover 6 and the head section 1, there is a mounting groove 603 for the air chamber cover sealing ring. A sealing ring is installed in the groove to achieve a sealing setting between the air chamber cover 6 and the head section 1. The lower surface of the raised platform 102 at the bottom of the head section 1 is in contact with the upper surface of the air chamber cover 6.

[0049] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 14As shown, the bottom of the first column segment 2 is provided with two rings of first column segment sealing ring mounting grooves 204, and the lower mounting hole 203 of the first column segment is provided between the two rings of first column segment sealing ring mounting grooves 204; the top of the second column segment 3 is provided with a second column segment upper mounting hole 301 corresponding to the lower mounting hole 203 of the first column segment; the bottom of the second column segment 3 is provided with two rings of second column segment sealing ring mounting grooves 308, and the lower mounting hole 307 of the second column segment is provided between the two rings of second column segment sealing ring mounting grooves 308; the top of the third column segment 4 is provided with a third column segment upper mounting hole 401 corresponding to the lower mounting hole 307 of the second column segment; the bottom of the third column segment 4 is provided with two rings of third column segment sealing ring mounting grooves 406, and the lower mounting hole 405 of the third column segment is provided between the two rings of third column segment sealing ring mounting grooves 406; the top of the tail segment 5 is provided with a tail segment mounting hole 501 corresponding to the lower mounting hole 405 of the third column segment.

[0050] Sealing rings are installed in the first column section sealing ring mounting groove 204, the second column section sealing ring mounting groove 308, and the third column section sealing ring mounting groove 406; the corresponding mounting holes are fixed by screws to achieve sequential fixed sealing connection of the first column section 2, the second column section 3, the third column section 4, and the tail section 5.

[0051] The first column segment 2, the second column segment 3, and the third column segment 4 are respectively provided with a first pressure sensor mounting hole 202, a second pressure sensor mounting hole 304, and a third pressure sensor mounting hole 402. The pressure sensor mounting holes are stepped holes. A pressure sensor 10 is installed at each pressure sensor mounting hole and on the inner side of each column segment. The probe of the pressure sensor 10 is installed in the corresponding sensor mounting hole, and the sensing end of the pressure sensor 10 is flush with the outer wall of the column segment.

[0052] The second column section 3 has a first internal through hole 306, and the third column section 4 has a second internal through hole 404. The third column section 4 has a data acquisition module mounting hole 403. The data acquisition module 9 is located in the third column section 4 and is installed in the data acquisition module mounting hole 403 by screws. The signal cables of each pressure sensor 10 pass through the first internal through hole 306 and the second internal through hole 404 respectively and are connected to the data acquisition module 9.

[0053] like Figure 2 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 18 , Figure 19 As shown, the ventilation system 8 includes an air tank 801, a connecting air pipe, a one-way valve 806, a throttle valve 805, a solenoid valve 803, an intermediate relay 809, a lithium battery 810, a solenoid valve baffle 811, a transparent cover 808, and a diffuse reflection photoelectric switch 807.

[0054] The connecting air pipes include a first connecting air pipe 802 and a second connecting air pipe 804. The input end of the first connecting air pipe 802 is connected to the output end of the air storage tank 801, and the output end of the first connecting air pipe 802 is connected to the input end of the solenoid valve 803. The output end of the solenoid valve 803 is connected to the input end of the second connecting air pipe 804. A throttle valve 805 is installed on the second connecting air pipe 804, and a one-way valve 806 is installed on the output end of the second connecting air pipe 804. The output end of the one-way valve 806 is sealed within the air inlet interface 704 of the shoulder air chamber 7. The opening and closing of the connecting air pipes is controlled by the solenoid valve 803. The opening and closing of the solenoid valve 803 outputs a signal to the intermediate relay 809 through the diffuse reflection photoelectric switch 807. The intermediate relay 809 controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 803 by controlling the circuit.

[0055] Intermediate relay 809 and lithium battery 810 are installed inside the column section. Solenoid valve 803 is electrically connected to intermediate relay 809, and intermediate relay 809 is electrically connected to lithium battery 810. Lithium battery 810 supplies power to the electrical equipment.

[0056] The solenoid valve baffle 811 is provided with a first mounting hole for the solenoid valve baffle, and the second column section 3 is provided with a second mounting hole 305 for the solenoid valve baffle that corresponds to and cooperates with the first mounting hole for the solenoid valve baffle. The two are fixedly installed by screws; the connecting air pipe passes through the solenoid valve baffle 811, and the solenoid valve 803 is located on the upper side of the solenoid valve baffle 811.

[0057] The diffuse reflection photoelectric switch 807 is located below the solenoid valve baffle 811. A photoelectric switch mounting hole 302 is provided on the second column segment 3 corresponding to the position of the diffuse reflection photoelectric switch 807, and the probe of the diffuse reflection photoelectric switch 807 is installed inside the photoelectric switch mounting hole 302. A transparent cover plate mounting groove 303 is provided on the outer wall of the second column segment 3 corresponding to the photoelectric switch mounting hole 302. A transparent cover plate 808 is installed inside the transparent cover plate mounting groove 303, serving both a sealing function and ensuring that the light beam of the diffuse reflection photoelectric switch 807 is not obstructed. The signal output terminal of the diffuse reflection photoelectric switch 807 is connected to the signal input terminal of the intermediate relay 809, and the power supply terminal of the diffuse reflection photoelectric switch 807 is electrically connected to the lithium battery 810. The output signal of the diffuse reflection photoelectric switch 807 is transmitted to the intermediate relay 809, which controls the on / off state of the control circuit based on the received signal, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 803.

[0058] Working principle: Before the test, the gas storage cylinder 801 is first filled with compressed air to the preset pressure value as required. Then, the ventilation system 8 and data acquisition module 9 are installed into the test model in the preset positions. After the test model is assembled, it is placed into the launch tube for catapult launch, ready to start the test.

[0059] Before the test begins, the vehicle is inside the launch tube. An opaque launch tube wall obstructs the path of the photoelectric switch 807 at a certain distance in front of it, preventing the triggering of a ventilation signal. Once the test begins, the vehicle accelerates outward from the tube. When it reaches a certain position, the photoelectric switch 807 is near the tube opening. At this point, there is no wall constraint within a certain distance in front of the probe of the photoelectric switch 807, triggering a ventilation signal. This signal is transmitted to the intermediate relay 809, which then controls the solenoid valve 803 to open the ventilation line.

[0060] Subsequently, compressed air flows out from the gas storage cylinder 801, passes through the first connecting air pipe 802, the solenoid valve 803, the second connecting air pipe 804, the throttle valve 805, and the one-way valve 806 in sequence, and enters the shoulder air chamber 7. Then, the gas flows out evenly from the vent 702 to the surrounding area, and finally sprays out from the second gap 709 between the head section 1 and the first column section 2 to the outside of the test model, thereby forming a venting cavitation bubble.

[0061] After the test, remove the gas cylinder 801, refill it with gas, and repeat the above operation to carry out the next test.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test model of a freely ejected waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function, characterized in that, The device includes a head section (1), a column section, a shoulder chamber (7), and a ventilation system (8). The outer wall of the shoulder chamber (7) is provided with a mounting ring (707) in the circumferential direction. The shoulder chamber (7) is installed on the inner side of the head of the column section through the mounting ring (707). An air inlet pipe interface (704) is opened at the bottom of the shoulder chamber (7). Ventilation holes (702) are evenly opened in the circumferential direction above the mounting ring (707) on the side wall of the shoulder chamber (7). There is a first gap (708) between the inner side wall of the head of the column section and the outer side wall of the shoulder chamber (7). A chamber cover (6) is installed on the top of the shoulder chamber (7). The head section (1) is installed on the chamber cover (6). There is a second gap (709) between the lower side wall of the head section (1) and the upper side wall of the head of the column section. The ventilation holes (702), the first gap (708), and the second gap (709) are connected in sequence to form an exhaust channel. The ventilation system (8) includes an air tank (801) and a connecting pipe. The air tank (801) is installed inside the column section. The input end of the connecting pipe is connected to the output end of the air tank (801). The output end of the connecting pipe is located in the air inlet interface (704) of the shoulder air chamber (7).

2. The test model of a free-launching waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation system (8) also includes a one-way valve (806), a throttle valve (805), a solenoid valve (803), an intermediate relay (809), and a lithium battery (810). The one-way valve (806) is installed at the output end of the connecting air pipe, and the output end of the one-way valve (806) is located in the air inlet port (704) of the shoulder air chamber (7). The solenoid valve (803) and the throttle valve (805) are both installed on the connecting air pipe. The intermediate relay (809) and the lithium battery (810) are installed in the column section. The solenoid valve (803) is electrically connected to the intermediate relay (809), and the intermediate relay (809) is electrically connected to the lithium battery (810).

3. The test model of a free-launching waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ventilation system (8) also includes a solenoid valve baffle (811), a transparent cover (808), and a diffuse reflection photoelectric switch (807). The solenoid valve baffle (811) is installed inside the column section, and the connecting air pipe passes through the solenoid valve baffle (811). The solenoid valve (803) is located on the upper side of the solenoid valve baffle (811), and the diffuse reflection photoelectric switch (807) is located on the lower side of the solenoid valve baffle (811). The column section has a photoelectric switch mounting hole (30) corresponding to the position of the diffuse reflection photoelectric switch (807). 2) The probe of the diffuse reflection photoelectric switch (807) is installed in the photoelectric switch mounting hole (302). The outer wall of the column section is provided with a transparent cover plate mounting groove (303) corresponding to the photoelectric switch mounting hole (302). The transparent cover plate (808) is installed in the transparent cover plate mounting groove (303). The signal output terminal of the diffuse reflection photoelectric switch (807) is connected to the signal input terminal of the intermediate relay (809). The power supply terminal of the diffuse reflection photoelectric switch (807) is electrically connected to the lithium battery (810).

4. The test model of a free-launching waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The column segment includes a first column segment (2), a second column segment (3), a third column segment (4), and a tail segment (5). The shoulder air chamber (7) is installed on the inner side of the head of the first column segment (2). The first column segment (2), the second column segment (3), the third column segment (4), and the tail segment (5) are fixedly connected in sequence. The first column segment (2), the second column segment (3), and the third column segment (4) are respectively provided with a first pressure sensor mounting hole (202), a second pressure sensor mounting hole (304), and a third pressure sensor mounting hole (402). Pressure sensors (10) are installed at the positions of the first pressure sensor mounting hole (202), the second pressure sensor mounting hole (304), and the third pressure sensor mounting hole (402) and on the inner side of each column segment. The probes of each pressure sensor (10) are respectively installed in the corresponding sensor mounting holes.

5. A test model of a free-launching waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a data acquisition module (9). The third column section (4) has a data acquisition module mounting hole (403). The data acquisition module (9) is located inside the third column section (4) and is installed in the data acquisition module mounting hole (403) with screws. The second column section (3) has a first internal through hole (306), and the third column section (4) has a second internal through hole (404). The signal cables of each pressure sensor (10) pass through the first internal through hole (306) and the second internal through hole (404) respectively and are connected to the data acquisition module (9).

6. The test model of a free-launching waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the first column segment (2) is provided with two rings of first column segment sealing ring mounting grooves (204), and the lower mounting hole (203) of the first column segment is provided between the two rings of first column segment sealing ring mounting grooves (204). The top of the second column segment (3) is provided with a second column segment upper mounting hole (301) that corresponds to the lower mounting hole (203) of the first column segment. The bottom of the second column segment (3) is provided with two rings of second column segment sealing ring mounting grooves (308), and the lower mounting hole (307) of the second column segment is provided between the two rings of second column segment sealing ring mounting grooves (308). The top of the third column segment (4) is provided with a third column segment upper mounting hole (401) that corresponds to the lower mounting hole (307) of the second column segment. The bottom of segment (4) is provided with two rings of third column segment sealing ring mounting grooves (406), and the third column segment lower mounting hole (405) is provided between the two rings of third column segment sealing ring mounting grooves (406). The top of the tail segment (5) is provided with a tail segment mounting hole (501) that corresponds to and matches the third column segment lower mounting hole (405). Sealing rings are installed in the first column segment sealing ring mounting groove (204), the second column segment sealing ring mounting groove (308) and the third column segment sealing ring mounting groove (406). The corresponding mounting holes are fixed by screws to realize the sequential fixed sealing connection of the first column segment (2), the second column segment (3), the third column segment (4) and the tail segment (5).

7. A test model of a free-launching waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The shoulder air chamber (7) has a second mounting hole (703) on the outside of the mounting ring (707). The top of the first column section (2) has a mounting hole (201) on the first column section that corresponds to and cooperates with the second mounting hole (703) of the shoulder air chamber. The mounting ring (707) also has a second sealing ring mounting groove (706) on the outside. A sealing ring is installed in the second sealing ring mounting groove (706). The second mounting hole (703) of the shoulder air chamber and the mounting hole (201) on the first column section are fixed by screws to achieve a fixed and sealed connection between the mounting ring (707) and the inner wall of the first column section (2).

8. A test model of a free-launching waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top of the air chamber cover (6) is provided with a first mounting hole (602) for the air chamber cover, and the top of the shoulder air chamber (7) is provided with a first mounting hole (701) for the shoulder air chamber that mates with the first mounting hole (602) for the air chamber cover. The top of the shoulder air chamber (7) is provided with a first sealing ring mounting groove (705) for the shoulder air chamber. A sealing ring is installed in the first sealing ring mounting groove (705). The first mounting hole (602) for the air chamber cover and the first mounting hole (701) for the shoulder air chamber are fixed by screws, so that the air chamber cover (6) is sealed and installed on the top of the shoulder air chamber (7). The outer wall of the air chamber cover (6) is provided with a second mounting hole (601) for the air chamber cover. The bottom of the head section (1) is provided with a head section mounting hole (101) that matches the second mounting hole (601) of the air chamber cover. The second mounting hole (601) of the air chamber cover and the head section mounting hole (101) are fixed by screws. The air chamber cover (6) is provided with an air chamber cover sealing ring mounting groove (603) at the contact position between the air chamber cover (6) and the head section (1). A sealing ring is installed in the air chamber cover sealing ring mounting groove (603) to achieve a sealing setting between the air chamber cover (6) and the head section (1). The bottom of the head section (1) is provided with a raised platform (102). The lower surface of the raised platform (102) is in contact with the upper surface of the air chamber cover (6).

9. A test model of a free-launching waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The solenoid valve baffle (811) is provided with a first mounting hole for the solenoid valve baffle, and the second column section (3) is provided with a second mounting hole (305) for the solenoid valve baffle that corresponds to and cooperates with the first mounting hole for the solenoid valve baffle. The first mounting hole for the solenoid valve baffle and the second mounting hole (305) for the solenoid valve baffle are fixedly installed by screws.

10. A test model of a free-launching waterborne vehicle with active ventilation function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting pipes include a first connecting pipe (802) and a second connecting pipe (804). The input end of the first connecting pipe (802) is connected to the output end of the gas storage tank (801). The output end of the first connecting pipe (802) is connected to the input end of the solenoid valve (803). The output end of the solenoid valve (803) is connected to the input end of the second connecting pipe (804). A one-way valve (806) is installed at the output end of the second connecting pipe (804). A throttle valve (805) is installed on the second connecting pipe (804).

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