Method, device, storage medium, and vehicle for calculating state of charge

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method, device, storage medium and vehicle for calculating state of charge, comprising: calculating a first state of charge of a battery based on an initial state of charge and a current value; determining a current value interval in which the current value is located among a plurality of current value intervals; selecting a state of charge lookup table corresponding to the determined current value interval from a plurality of state of charge lookup tables corresponding to the plurality of current value intervals respectively; and adjusting the first state of charge based on the selected state of charge lookup table. According to the method for calculating state of charge of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the state of charge of the battery can be calculated more accurately in a low-cost and low-computational complexity manner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to methods, apparatus, storage media, and vehicles for calculating the state of charge. Background Technology

[0002] Low-cost vehicles such as two-wheeled vehicles, tricycles, golf carts, mobility scooters for the elderly, sightseeing vehicles, electric forklifts, and electric pallet trucks can generally use lead-acid batteries as their power source. To control vehicle costs, such low-cost vehicles typically do not have a Battery Management System (BMS). A BMS is configured to perform state monitoring, safety protection, charging control, energy control management, equalization management, thermal management, and information management for the battery. To allow drivers to better understand the battery's State of Charge (SOC), low-cost vehicles can use external monitoring methods such as the open-circuit voltage method and the ampere-hour integral method to estimate the SOC of the lead-acid battery.

[0003] However, directly using the open-circuit voltage method or the ampere-hour integration method to estimate the state of charge of a battery may result in inaccurate estimates. Summary of the Invention

[0004] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for calculating the state of charge (SOC) of a vehicle battery is provided, comprising: calculating a first SOC of the battery based on an initial SOC and a current value; determining a current value interval in which the current value is located among a plurality of current value intervals; selecting a SOC lookup table corresponding to the determined current value interval from a plurality of SOC lookup tables corresponding to the plurality of current value intervals; and adjusting the first SOC based on the selected SOC lookup table.

[0005] For example, according to the method of an embodiment of this disclosure, in response to the battery performing power-on initialization in the vehicle, the initial state of charge is calculated based on the open-circuit voltage method.

[0006] For example, according to the method of an embodiment of this disclosure, the power-on initialization includes at least installing the battery in the vehicle or starting the vehicle.

[0007] For example, according to the method of an embodiment of the present disclosure, in response to the vehicle being in a parked state, the initial state of charge is determined by: determining a second state of charge based on the open-circuit voltage method; comparing the second state of charge with a third state of charge of the vehicle before parking, the third state of charge being the final state of charge of the battery of the vehicle before the parking state; and determining the initial state of charge based on the comparison result.

[0008] For example, according to the method of an embodiment of the present disclosure, determining the initial state of charge based on a comparison result includes: determining the second state of charge as the initial state of charge in response to the difference between the second state of charge and the third state of charge being greater than a first state of charge threshold; and determining the third state of charge as the initial state of charge in response to the difference between the second state of charge and the third state of charge not being greater than the first state of charge threshold.

[0009] For example, according to the method of an embodiment of this disclosure, in response to the vehicle being in a parked state, the initial state of charge is determined by: determining the time during which the vehicle has been parked; in response to the time being greater than a time threshold: determining a second state of charge based on the open-circuit voltage method, and determining the second state of charge as the initial state of charge; in response to the time being less than the time threshold: determining a third state of charge of the vehicle before parking as the initial state of charge, the third state of charge being the final state of charge of the battery of the vehicle before parking.

[0010] For example, according to the method of an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of current value intervals include a first current value interval and a second current value interval, wherein the current value in the first current value interval is greater than the current value in the second current value interval.

[0011] For example, according to the method of an embodiment of the present disclosure, adjusting the first state of charge based on a selected state of charge lookup table includes: determining a fourth state of charge through the selected state of charge lookup table; comparing the fourth state of charge with the first state of charge; and adjusting the first state of charge based on the comparison result.

[0012] For example, according to the method of an embodiment of the present disclosure, adjusting the first state of charge based on the comparison result includes: in response to the fourth state of charge differing from the first state of charge by no more than a second state of charge threshold, not adjusting the first state of charge.

[0013] For example, according to the method of an embodiment of the present disclosure, adjusting the first state of charge based on a comparison result includes: adjusting the first state of charge in response to a fourth state of charge differing from the first state of charge by more than a second state of charge threshold.

[0014] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, adjusting the first state of charge includes: selecting a battery rated capacity corresponding to the current value from a plurality of battery rated capacities corresponding to a plurality of current value ranges based on the current value; calculating a fifth state of charge using an ampere-hour integral method based on the selected battery rated capacity; and determining the fifth state of charge as the adjusted first state of charge.

[0015] For example, according to the method of an embodiment of this disclosure, determining the current value interval in which the current value is located in the plurality of current value intervals in response to the current value being at the critical value of two adjacent current value intervals includes: determining a sixth state of charge and a seventh state of charge respectively through a state of charge lookup table corresponding to the two adjacent current value intervals; and determining the current value interval corresponding to the state of charge lookup table used to determine the lower of the sixth and seventh state of charge as the current value interval in which the current value is located.

[0016] For example, according to the method of an embodiment of the present disclosure, calculating the first state of charge based on the initial state of charge and the current value includes calculating the first state of charge value using the ampere-hour integration method.

[0017] For example, in a method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the state of charge lookup table includes an open-circuit voltage-state of charge lookup table.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus for a vehicle battery is provided, comprising: one or more processors; and one or more memory storing a computer-executable program that, when executed by the processor, performs any of the methods described above.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores computer-executable instructions thereon, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement any of the methods described above.

[0020] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle is provided, including the aforementioned device for a vehicle battery or the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium.

[0021] The methods, apparatus, storage media, and vehicles for calculating the state of charge according to various aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure can calculate the state of charge of a battery more accurately in a low-cost and low-computational-complexity manner. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The above and other aspects, features, and advantages of specific embodiments of the present disclosure will become clearer from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0023] Figure 1 A graph including the open-circuit voltage-SOC curve is shown.

[0024] Figure 2 A flowchart is shown of a method for calculating the State of Charge (SOC) of a vehicle's battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 3AA flowchart of a method for obtaining the initial state of charge of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0026] Figure 3B A flowchart of another method for obtaining the initial state of charge of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0027] Figure 4 A flowchart is shown of another method for calculating the State of Charge (SOC) of a vehicle's battery according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0028] Figure 5A A current curve during vehicle operation is shown as an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 5B A voltage curve during vehicle operation is shown as an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 5C A graph showing the state of charge of a battery calculated solely by the open-circuit voltage method, according to an example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0031] Figure 5D A graph showing the state of charge of a battery calculated solely by the ampere-hour integration method, according to an example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0032] Figure 5E A graph showing the state of charge of a battery calculated using the method of the embodiments of the present disclosure, according to an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a device for a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0034] Figure 7 A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0035] Figure 8 The vehicle is based on at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Before proceeding with the detailed description below, it may be advantageous to define certain words and phrases used throughout this disclosure. The terms “comprising” and “including” and their derivatives mean, but are not limited to, “including”. The phrase “at least one”, when used with a list of items, means that different combinations of one or more of the listed items may be used, and that only one item in the list may be required. For example, “at least one of A, B, and C” includes any one of the following combinations: A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, A and B and C.

[0037] Definitions of other specific words and phrases are provided throughout this disclosure. Those skilled in the art will understand that, in many, if not most, cases, such definitions apply to the prior and future use of the words and phrases thus defined.

[0038] The various embodiments of the principles of this disclosure described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure in any way. Those skilled in the art will understand that the principles of this disclosure can be implemented in any suitably arranged system or device. In some cases, the actions described in this disclosure can be performed in a different order and still achieve the desired result. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or sequential sequence shown to achieve the desired result. In certain embodiments, a reverse order, or multitasking and parallel processing, may be advantageous.

[0039] The text and accompanying drawings are provided by way of example only to aid in understanding this disclosure. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims appended to this disclosure in any way. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals generally indicate the same elements. Although certain embodiments and examples have been provided, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art, based on the content of this disclosure, that changes may be made to the illustrated embodiments and examples without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0040] The State of Charge (SOC) of a battery, also known as remaining capacity, represents the ratio of the remaining capacity of a battery, such as a lead-acid battery, after a period of use or long-term storage to its capacity when fully charged. SOC is usually expressed as a percentage, ranging from 0% to 100% (or expressed as 0 or 1). Specifically, when SOC = 0 or 0%, the battery is fully discharged. When SOC = 1 or 100%, the battery is fully charged.

[0041] Generally, the State of Charge (SOC) of a battery can be obtained using the Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) method. The OCV method calculates the SOC by measuring the battery's open circuit voltage (i.e., the voltage under no load). Specifically, the OCV method is based on the principle that there is a certain mapping relationship between the battery's open circuit voltage and its SOC. This relationship is usually established based on the battery's chemical characteristics and physical structure and can be calibrated through experiments or simulations. An open circuit voltage-SOC lookup table can represent the mapping relationship between open circuit voltage and state of charge. The open circuit voltage-SOC lookup table can be presented in graphical or tabular form. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the open-circuit voltage-SOC lookup table. For example... Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1A graph including the open-circuit voltage-SOC curve is shown. The open-circuit voltage of the battery is measured using a measuring element such as a voltage sensor when the battery is in a quiescent state (i.e., no current is flowing through it). Figure 1 The open-circuit voltage-SOC lookup table shown is exemplary and not limiting; other forms of open-circuit voltage-SOC lookup tables are also possible. The measured open-circuit voltage value is compared with the pre-established open-circuit voltage-SOC lookup table to find the corresponding SOC. This corresponding SOC is the estimated SOC of the current battery.

[0042] In addition, the state of charge (SOC) of the battery can be obtained using the Ampere Hour Integral (AHI) method. The AHI method uses current-time integration to estimate the SOC of the battery in real time. Specifically, the AHI method calculates the battery's state of charge using the following formula (1):

[0043]

[0044] Among them, SOC t SOC represents the state of charge (SOC) of the battery at time t; ini Let represent the initial SOC of the battery; C represent the rated capacity of the battery; It represent the charging and discharging current of the battery at different times; and η represent the discharge efficiency. According to formula (1), the integral value of the battery charging and discharging current over time from the initial time to the current time can be calculated. Dividing this integral value by the total capacity yields the percentage change in capacity. Finally, subtracting the percentage change in capacity from the initial SOC gives the estimated SOC at time t (i.e., the current SOC).

[0045] However, obtaining the current estimated SOC of a battery using the open-circuit voltage method or the ampere-hour integration method has some drawbacks, leading to inaccuracies in the estimated SOC. For example, when estimating the SOC using the open-circuit voltage method, to eliminate the influence of the intense chemical reactions during the charging and discharging process of batteries such as lead-acid batteries on the open-circuit voltage, the battery generally needs to be left to rest for a predetermined period of time (e.g., 1-2 hours). In the scenario of electric vehicles, the vehicle's operating conditions are very complex, and the vehicle often needs to be frequently started and stopped. It is impractical to pre-rest the battery before each SOC measurement. During battery discharge, the estimated SOC obtained dynamically using the open-circuit voltage method when the battery has not been sufficiently rested may differ significantly from the true value. Furthermore, when estimating the SOC using the ampere-hour integration method, errors may accumulate over long integration periods due to the inability to accurately estimate the initial SOC value, insufficient accuracy of current sensor sampling, and the inability to analyze the internal factors of batteries such as lead-acid batteries in real time. For example, the accuracy of current sampling will vary under different load conditions such as going uphill or downhill, or carrying passengers. Such errors can accumulate as the calculation continues, causing the estimated SOC to become increasingly larger.

[0046] At least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a method for calculating the state of charge (SOC) of a vehicle battery, comprising: calculating a first SOC of the battery based on an initial SOC and a current value; determining a current value interval among multiple current value intervals; selecting a SOC lookup table corresponding to the determined current value interval from multiple SOC lookup tables corresponding to the multiple current value intervals; and adjusting the first SOC based on the selected SOC lookup table. The method according to embodiments of this disclosure can adjust the battery SOC based on changes in the vehicle's load. By combining the AHI method and the OCV method, the method for calculating the SOC according to embodiments of this disclosure can correct or adjust the estimated SOC value without configuring additional internal or external sensors such as battery internal temperature sensors and slope sensors, thereby calculating the battery SOC more accurately in a low-cost and low-computational-complexity manner. The method according to embodiments of this disclosure can solve or alleviate the problem of inaccurate estimation of the battery SOC of a vehicle.

[0047] Figure 2 A flowchart of a method 200 for calculating the State of Charge (SOC) of a vehicle's battery according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 2 As shown, method 200 may include steps S210, S220, S230, and S240. In this embodiment of the disclosure, the vehicle may refer to a two-wheeled vehicle, a three-wheeled vehicle, a golf cart, an elderly mobility scooter, a sightseeing vehicle, an electric forklift, an electric pallet truck, or any other vehicle including a battery; this embodiment of the disclosure does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0048] In step S210, the first state of charge (SOC) of the battery can be calculated based on the initial SOC and the current value. The initial SOC can be pre-stored or calculated on the fly. The current value can be the discharge current of the battery during the discharge process. According to an embodiment of this disclosure, the first SOC value can be calculated based on the initial SOC and the current value using the ampere-hour integration method. In calculating the first SOC value using the ampere-hour integration method, a default or predetermined battery rated capacity can be used.

[0049] In step S220, the current value interval to which the current value falls among multiple current value intervals can be determined. According to an embodiment of this disclosure, multiple current value intervals can be divided based on the magnitude of the current values ​​within the current value intervals. The multiple current intervals may or may not overlap; this embodiment of the disclosure does not impose specific limitations in this regard. It can be determined which of the multiple current value intervals the current value on which the calculation of the first state of charge in S210 is based belongs.

[0050] At step S230, a state of charge lookup table corresponding to the determined current value interval can be selected from multiple state of charge lookup tables corresponding to multiple current value intervals. For example, the state of charge lookup table may include an open-circuit voltage-state of charge lookup table, and the state of charge lookup table may represent the mapping relationship between open-circuit voltage and state of charge. According to an embodiment of this disclosure, multiple current value intervals may each correspond to different state of charge lookup tables, for example, having different mapping relationships between open-circuit voltage and state of charge (such as having different slopes). Figure 1 The present disclosure provides a lookup table for different states of charge (as shown in the curve), but this is not the only embodiment. A lookup table for the state of charge corresponding to the current value range determined in S220 can be selected for subsequent calculations.

[0051] At step S240, the first state of charge (SOC) can be adjusted based on the selected SOC lookup table. According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the selection of the SOC lookup table can determine whether to adjust the first SOC and the magnitude of the adjustment. By adjusting the first SOC, the battery's SOC can be estimated more accurately.

[0052] Figure 3A A flowchart of a method 300 for obtaining the initial state of charge of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0053] like Figure 3A As shown, the method for obtaining the initial state of charge of the battery includes steps S310-S360.

[0054] At step S310, the second state of charge can be determined based on the open-circuit voltage method. This determination can be made when the vehicle is not in motion. The state of not in motion can include a state where the battery has been installed but not yet used, or a state where the vehicle is parked after being driven.

[0055] At step S320, it can be determined whether the battery has undergone power-on initialization. According to embodiments of this disclosure, power-on initialization may include installing the battery in the vehicle or starting the vehicle. For example, power-on initialization can be performed by installing a fully charged battery in the vehicle. As another example, power-on initialization can be performed by starting the vehicle using a vehicle starter (e.g., turning a car key).

[0056] If the result of step S310 is yes, the process proceeds to step S350. At step S350, in response to the battery performing power-on initialization in the vehicle, the second state of charge is used as the initial state of charge. That is, in response to the battery performing power-on initialization in the vehicle, the state of charge determined by the open-circuit voltage method is used as the initial state of charge of the vehicle.

[0057] If the result of step S320 is negative, the process proceeds to step S330. At step S330, in response to the vehicle being in a stopped state, the second state of charge is compared with the third state of charge of the vehicle before stopping. The stopped state may include a temporary stop after the vehicle has traveled a certain distance. The third state of charge may include the final state of charge of the battery before the vehicle was stopped. The stopped state may correspond to one or more of a non-driving state (i.e., the state when the vehicle is not moving) and a non-operating state (i.e., the state when the vehicle is not being operated, such as the state of a forklift not loading or unloading goods), but this disclosure is not limited thereto. The vehicle in the stopped state may consume very little electrical energy. For example, in the scenario of a sightseeing vehicle, the stopped state may include a brief stop during the sightseeing vehicle's journey due to picking up or dropping off passengers or passengers enjoying the scenery. The third state of charge may be the final state of charge of the battery obtained by the sightseeing vehicle before the brief stopped state. The third state of charge may be obtained at least in part based on the ampere-hour integration method.

[0058] In step S340, it can be determined whether the difference between the second state of charge and the third state of charge is greater than a first state of charge threshold. The difference can include the absolute difference between the second and third states of charge. For example, the difference can be obtained by subtracting the second and third states of charge, and this difference can be compared with the first state of charge threshold to determine a comparison result. The first state of charge threshold can be predetermined.

[0059] If the result of step S340 is yes, the process proceeds to step S350. If the result of step S340 is no, the process proceeds to step S360. In step S360, the third state of charge can be used as the initial state of charge. That is, the state of charge before the vehicle stops can be used as the initial state of charge.

[0060] according to Figure 3A The method involves selecting the second state of charge as the initial state of charge when the vehicle is parked, provided that the difference is greater than the first state of charge threshold. This ensures the accuracy of the calculation. Selecting the third state of charge as the initial state of charge when the difference is less than the first state of charge threshold ensures that the state of charge presented to the user is more continuous and smooth, thereby helping the user make reasonable driving or operation decisions based on the state of charge.

[0061] Figure 3B A flowchart of another method for obtaining the initial state of charge of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0062] like Figure 3B As shown, another method 300' for obtaining the initial state of charge of a battery includes steps S310, S320, S350, and S370-S390. Figure 3B Zhongyu Figure 3A The same steps will not be described again.

[0063] In S370, the time when the vehicle has been stationary can be determined. For example, the time when the vehicle has stopped moving or ceased operation can be determined.

[0064] In S380, it can be determined whether the parking time exceeds a time threshold. For example, the time threshold could be several minutes (or longer or shorter). In response to the parking time exceeding the time threshold, the process proceeds to S350. In response to the parking time being less than the time threshold, the process proceeds to S390. In S390, the third state of charge of the vehicle before parking can be determined as the initial state of charge. The third state of charge can be the final state of charge of the battery before the vehicle was parked.

[0065] according to Figure 3B This method, by introducing the concept of parking time when the vehicle is parked, can more accurately determine the initial state of charge. In vehicles with less stringent cost constraints and relatively abundant computing and storage resources, it can be used to determine the initial state of charge more accurately. Figure 3B The method for selecting the initial state of charge.

[0066] Figure 4 A flowchart of another method 400 for calculating the State of Charge (SOC) of a vehicle's battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0067] like Figure 4As shown, another method 400 for calculating the SOC of a vehicle's battery includes steps S410-S490, wherein steps S410-S430 are similar to those described above. Figure 2 The steps S210-S230 of method 200 are described, so for the sake of brevity, a detailed description of their contents is omitted here. Figure 4 Zhongyu Figure 2 The same steps will not be described again.

[0068] In step S440, the fourth state of charge can be determined using the selected state of charge lookup table. According to at least one embodiment of this disclosure, multiple current value ranges may include two current ranges. For example, the two current ranges may be a first current value range and a second current value range, respectively. The current value in the first current value range may be greater than the current value in the second current value range. That is, the two current ranges may correspond to a large current value range and a small current value range, respectively. Depending on the vehicle's storage and computing resources, more current value ranges can be configured, and this disclosure does not impose any limitations. Based on the selected first current value range or second current value range, the fourth state of charge can be determined using the state of charge lookup table corresponding to that current value range.

[0069] There may be situations where the current value falls at the critical point of two (or more) current value intervals. In response to the current value falling at the critical point of two adjacent current value intervals, the sixth and seventh states of charge can be determined separately using lookup tables corresponding to the two adjacent current value intervals. The sixth and seventh states of charge are compared to determine the lower one. The current value interval corresponding to the lookup table used to determine the lower of the sixth and seventh states of charge is then defined as the current value interval in which the current value falls. In this way, the first state of charge can be adjusted relatively conservatively, thus providing greater flexibility for the user in making driving decisions.

[0070] In step S450, it can be determined whether the difference between the fourth state of charge and the first state of charge exceeds a second state of charge threshold. For example, the fourth state of charge can be compared with the first state of charge, and the first state of charge can be adjusted based on the comparison result.

[0071] If the difference between the fourth state of charge and the first state of charge does not exceed the threshold of the second state of charge, the process proceeds to step S460. In step S460, the first state of charge may not be adjusted. In this way, the state of charge presented to the user is more continuous and smooth, thereby helping the user make reasonable driving or operation decisions based on the state of charge.

[0072] If the difference between the fourth state of charge and the first state of charge exceeds the second state of charge threshold, the process proceeds to step S470. In step S470, the battery rated capacity corresponding to the current value in S410 can be selected from multiple battery rated capacities corresponding to multiple current value ranges based on the current value. For example, the multiple battery rated capacities corresponding to the multiple current value ranges may be different from the predetermined or default battery rated capacities mentioned above.

[0073] In S480, the fifth state of charge (SOC) can be calculated using the ampere-hour integration method based on the selected battery rated capacity. In other words, the battery's SOC can be recalculated based on the battery rated capacity selected from multiple battery rated capacities. In S490, the fifth SOC can be determined as the adjusted first SOC. In this way, the battery's SOC can be calculated more accurately.

[0074] Figure 5A A current curve during vehicle operation is shown as an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5B A voltage curve during vehicle operation is shown as an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5C A graph showing the state of charge of a battery calculated solely by the open-circuit voltage method, according to an example of an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 5D A graph showing the state of charge of a battery calculated solely by the ampere-hour integration method, according to an example of an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 5E A graph showing the state of charge of a battery calculated using the method of embodiments of the present disclosure, according to an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figures 5A to 5B The example uses a golf cart with two seats as an example of a vehicle, but this is only an example and not a limitation.

[0075] Figure 5A and Figure 5B The current-time and voltage-time curves shown correspond to a driving journey of a two-seat golf cart. During this journey, the golf cart, with one driver, continuously travels on a test section consisting of one-third flat, one-third uphill, and one-third downhill sections until the battery is completely depleted.

[0076] like Figure 5C As shown, the state of charge (SOC) of a battery calculated solely using the open-circuit voltage method exhibits numerous jumps. These jumps render the SOC unreliable or unusable for drivers when making driving decisions. Figure 5C The reason for the numerous jumps in the state of charge is that the discharge current may vary greatly depending on the vehicle load. This causes the open-circuit voltage to fluctuate, resulting in numerous jumps in the state of charge.

[0077] like Figure 5D As shown, the state of charge (SOC) of a battery calculated solely using the ampere-hour integration method still appears as 36% even when the battery is completely depleted. This is clearly a significant deviation from the true SOC value.

[0078] like Figure 5E As shown, the state of charge (SOC) of the battery calculated by the method according to embodiments of this disclosure decreases continuously and smoothly, reflecting well the decreasing trend of SOC during driving. Furthermore, when the vehicle's battery is finally completely depleted, the SOC calculated by the method according to embodiments of this disclosure shows only 4.6% of the remaining capacity. This remaining capacity deviates little from the true value of the SOC, thus making it more accurate.

[0079] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a device for a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0080] like Figure 6 As shown, a device 600 for a vehicle battery includes a processor 610 and a memory 620. The memory 620 includes one or more computer program modules 621. The one or more computer program modules 621 are stored in the memory 620 and configured to be read and executed by the processor 610. The one or more computer program modules 621 include instructions for performing the various methods described above according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. When executed by the processor 610, they can perform one or more steps of the various methods described above according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure and their additional aspects.

[0081] The memory 620 and the processor 610 can be interconnected via a bus system and / or other forms of connection mechanism (not shown). For example, the bus can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect Standard (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. The communication bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc.

[0082] For example, processor 610 may be a central processing unit (CPU), digital signal processor (DSP), graphics processing unit (GPU), or other form of processing unit with data processing capabilities and / or program execution capabilities, such as a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). Processor 610 may be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor that can control other components in device 600 for a vehicle battery to perform desired functions.

[0083] Exemplarily, memory 620 may include any combination of one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. Volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache. Non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), USB memory, flash memory, etc. One or more computer program modules 621 may be stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and processor 610 may run one or more computer program modules 621 to implement various functions of device 600 for a vehicle battery. Various application programs and various data, as well as various data used and / or generated by the application programs, may also be stored in the computer-readable storage medium.

[0084] For example, the device 600 for a vehicle battery may also include input devices such as cameras, touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, webcams, microphones, accelerometers, and gyroscopes; output devices such as liquid crystal displays, speakers, and vibrators; storage devices such as magnetic tapes and hard disks (HDDs or SDDs); and communication devices such as network interface cards like LAN cards and modems. The communication devices allow the device 600 for a vehicle battery to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data and perform communication processing via networks such as the Internet. A drive is connected to the I / O interface as needed. Removable storage media, such as disks, optical disks, magneto-optical disks, and semiconductor memories, are installed on the drive as needed so that computer programs read from them can be installed into the storage device as required.

[0085] For example, the device 600 for a vehicle battery may further include a peripheral interface (not shown). This peripheral interface can be various types of interfaces, such as a USB interface, a Lightning interface, etc. The communication device can communicate wirelessly with networks and other devices, such as the Internet, intranets and / or wireless networks such as cellular telephone networks, wireless local area networks (LANs), and / or metropolitan area networks (MANs). Wireless communication can use any of a variety of communication standards, protocols, and technologies, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (W-CDMA), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Bluetooth, Wi-Fi (e.g., based on IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, and / or IEEE 802.11n standards), Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX, protocols for email, instant messaging, and / or Short Message Service (SMS), or any other suitable communication protocol.

[0086] The device 600 for the vehicle battery can be, for example, a system-on-a-chip (SOC) or a device including the SOC. For instance, it can be any device such as a mobile phone, tablet, laptop, e-reader, game console, television, digital photo frame, navigation device, home appliance, communication base station, industrial controller, server, etc., or any combination of data processing devices and hardware. The embodiments of this disclosure do not limit this. The specific functions and technical effects of the device 600 for the vehicle battery can be found in the above description of various methods and additional aspects for calculating the state of charge of the battery according to at least one embodiment of this disclosure, and will not be repeated here.

[0087] Figure 7 A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0088] like Figure 7 As shown, a non-transitory readable storage medium 700 stores computer instructions 710, which, when executed by a processor, perform one or more steps of the various methods and their additional aspects as described above.

[0089] For example, the non-temporarily readable storage medium 700 may be any combination of one or more computer-readable storage media, such as a computer-readable storage medium containing program code for performing the various methods described above.

[0090] For example, when the program code is read by a computer, the computer can execute the program code stored in the computer storage medium to perform one or more steps of the various methods and additional aspects described above, such as those according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0091] For example, the non-transitory readable storage medium may include a memory card of a smartphone, a storage component of a tablet computer, a hard disk of a personal computer, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), flash memory, and other non-transitory readable storage media or any combination thereof.

[0092] Figure 8 The vehicle is based on at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0093] although Figure 8 The vehicle is shown in the form of a golf cart, but those skilled in the art will understand that the vehicle according to embodiments of this disclosure may also include other low-cost vehicles such as two-wheeled vehicles, three-wheeled vehicles, mobility scooters for the elderly, sightseeing vehicles, electric forklifts, electric pallet trucks, etc.

[0094] like Figure 8 As shown, vehicle 800 may include device 810. Device 810 may include, for example, Figure 6 The device shown is for a vehicle battery or such Figure 7 The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium.

[0095] The text and accompanying drawings in this disclosure are provided by way of example only to aid in understanding this disclosure. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure in any way. Although certain embodiments and examples have been provided, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art, based on the content disclosed herein, that changes can be made to the illustrated embodiments and examples without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0096] Although this disclosure has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, various changes and modifications may be suggested to those skilled in the art. This disclosure is intended to cover such changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0097] Nothing described in this disclosure should be construed as implying that any particular element, step, or function is an essential element that must be included within the scope of the claims. The scope of the patent subject matter is defined only by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the state of charge (SOC) of a vehicle's battery, comprising: The first state of charge of the battery is calculated based on the initial state of charge and the current value. Determine the current value range in which the current value falls among multiple current value ranges; Select the state of charge lookup table corresponding to the determined current value range from multiple lookup tables corresponding to multiple current value ranges; and The first charge state is adjusted based on the selected charge state lookup table.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, In response to the battery performing power-on initialization in the vehicle, the initial state of charge is calculated based on the open-circuit voltage method.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The power-on initialization includes at least installing the battery in the vehicle or starting the vehicle.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, In response to the vehicle being in a parked state, the initial state of charge is determined in the following manner: Determining the second state of charge based on the open-circuit voltage method; The second state of charge is compared with the third state of charge of the vehicle before it is parked, which is the final state of charge of the battery of the vehicle before it is parked. as well as The initial state of charge is determined based on the comparison results.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, Determining the initial state of charge based on the comparison results includes: In response to the difference between the second state of charge and the third state of charge being greater than a first state of charge threshold, the second state of charge is determined as the initial state of charge; and In response to the fact that the difference between the second state of charge and the third state of charge is not greater than the first state of charge threshold, the third state of charge is determined as the initial state of charge.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein, In response to the vehicle being in a parked state, the initial state of charge is determined in the following manner: Determine the time when the vehicle has been parked; In response to the time being greater than the time threshold: The second state of charge is determined based on the open-circuit voltage method. The second state of charge is determined as the initial state of charge. In response to the time not being greater than the time threshold: The initial state of charge is defined as the third state of charge of the vehicle before it stops, and the third state of charge is the final state of charge of the battery of the vehicle before it stops.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The plurality of current value intervals include a first current value interval and a second current value interval, wherein the current value in the first current value interval is greater than the current value in the second current value interval.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Adjusting the first state of charge based on the selected state of charge lookup table includes: The fourth charge state is determined by selecting the charge state lookup table; Compare the fourth state of charge with the first state of charge; and The first state of charge is adjusted based on the comparison results.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein, Adjusting the first state of charge based on the comparison results includes: In response to the fact that the difference between the fourth state of charge and the first state of charge does not exceed the threshold of the second state of charge, the first state of charge is not adjusted.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein, Adjusting the first state of charge based on the comparison results includes: In response to the fourth state of charge differing from the first state of charge by more than the threshold of the second state of charge, the first state of charge is adjusted.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein, Adjusting the first state of charge includes: Based on the current value, select the battery rated capacity corresponding to the current value from multiple battery rated capacities corresponding to multiple current value ranges; Based on the selected battery rated capacity, the fifth state of charge is calculated using the ampere-hour integration method; and The fifth state of charge is determined as the first state of charge under adjustment.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein, In response to the current value being at the critical value of two adjacent current value intervals in a plurality of current value intervals, determining the current value interval in which the current value falls within the plurality of current value intervals includes: The sixth and seventh charge states are determined respectively using the state-of-charge lookup tables corresponding to the two adjacent current value intervals; and The range of current values ​​corresponding to the state of charge lookup table used to determine the lower of the sixth and seventh states of charge is defined as the range of current values ​​in which the current value is located.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The calculation of the first state of charge based on the initial state of charge and the current value includes calculating the first state of charge value using the ampere-hour integration method.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The state of charge lookup table includes an open-circuit voltage-state of charge lookup table.

15. An apparatus for a vehicle battery, comprising: One or more processors; as well as One or more memories storing a computer-executable program, which, when executed by the processor, performs the method of any one of claims 1-14.

16. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-14.

17. A vehicle comprising a battery device for a vehicle as claimed in claim 15 or a computer-readable storage medium as claimed in claim 16.

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