EBG topology array level integration optimization design method and device
By constructing a joint integrated parent structure model and using Schur complement and genetic algorithms to optimize the topology coding, the frequency offset problem of EBG structure in antenna array design is solved, achieving efficient EBG topology array-level integrated optimization and achieving deep decoupling effect.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGZHOU UNIVERSITY
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-03
AI Technical Summary
Traditional EBG structure design suffers from long simulation times and high design blindness when integrating antenna arrays. It also lacks decoupling design methods at the antenna array level, resulting in severe frequency shifts and making it impossible to achieve efficient decoupling in complex antenna environments.
By constructing a joint integrated parent structure model of the antenna array and the EBG region to be optimized, the topology coding is optimized using the Schur complement algorithm and the genetic algorithm. The mapping relationship between the topology coding and the model S-parameters is established, thereby realizing in-situ adjustment of the EBG structure and optimizing the antenna isolation.
It efficiently synthesizes non-uniform EBG connected topology with optimal decoupling performance within millisecond-level computation time, accurately captures near-field mutual coupling and power-fed load effects, and achieves deep decoupling effect below -40dB.
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Figure CN122113687B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of electromagnetic bandgap structures and antenna decoupling technology, and in particular to an integrated optimization design method and device for EBG topology arrays. Background Technology
[0002] Electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structures are subwavelength artificial electromagnetic structures with special frequency selectivity. By blocking the propagation of surface waves in specific frequency bands, they have core application value in millimeter-wave radar, high-gain antenna arrays, and electromagnetic compatibility.
[0003] Traditional EBG structure design heavily relies on a step-by-step iterative approach of "initial unit exploration - array verification," first analyzing stopband characteristics using waveguide transmission or dispersion map methods, and then verifying them by incorporating an antenna array. However, standalone EBG simulation ignores the near-field mutual coupling of the antenna and the effects of the feed load, resulting in a drastic shift in the stopband frequency after integration. This necessitates repeated parameter adjustments and iterative verification, leading to lengthy simulation times, significant design blind spots, and low R&D efficiency.
[0004] While existing methods based on multi-port networks can improve computational efficiency, they are mostly limited to reflective or transmissive metasurface designs, only optimizing unit-level responses and lacking design methods for antenna array-level decoupling. Furthermore, they separate metasurface units from the array physical environment, making it impossible to achieve "in-situ" synthesis of EBG topologies in complex antenna environments, thus limiting their application in high-performance antenna array decoupling. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an integrated optimization design method and device for EBG topology array level to address the above-mentioned technical problems.
[0006] An integrated optimization design method for EBG topology array level, the method comprising the following steps:
[0007] A joint integrated parent structure model of the antenna array and the EBG region to be optimized is constructed. The full-port impedance matrix corresponding to the model is extracted through electromagnetic simulation. The model includes two feed ports and a preset number of internal ports. The internal ports are preset gaps between discrete metal pixel patches in the EBG region to be optimized.
[0008] The full-port impedance matrix is condensed using the Schur complement algorithm, and the physical connectivity state of the internal ports is used as a binary Boolean variable to form a topology coding vector. The mapping relationship between the topology coding and the model S-parameters is established. The optimal topology coding vector is obtained through a genetic algorithm with the goal of minimizing the isolation at the actual resonant frequency of the antenna.
[0009] The optimal topology encoding vector is mapped to a physical EBG structure. The isolation of antennas with and without EBG structures is compared, and the frequency offset is compensated based on the results to complete the EBG topology optimization.
[0010] In one embodiment, the full-port impedance matrix is:
[0011] ;
[0012] in, It is a 2×2 order antenna submatrix; for Internal submatrices of order; and This is a cross-regional coupling submatrix.
[0013] In one embodiment, the full-port impedance matrix is shrunk using the Schur complement algorithm, and the physical connectivity state of the internal ports is used as a binary Boolean variable to form a topology encoding vector. A mapping relationship between the topology encoding and the model S-parameters is then established, including:
[0014] Using the physical connectivity state of the internal ports as binary Boolean variables, a topology-coded vector is formed:
[0015] ;
[0016] in, For the first k The physical connection status of each internal port. ;
[0017] Establish a mapping mechanism from topology encoding vectors to internal port load impedance matrices:
[0018] ;
[0019] in, This is the internal port load impedance matrix; for The corresponding ideal load impedance;
[0020] Based on the full-port impedance matrix, establish the mapping relationship between the feed port and the internal ports:
[0021] ;
[0022] in, The operating frequency of the antenna; This is the equivalent voltage vector of the feed port; This is the equivalent current vector at the feed port; This is the equivalent voltage vector of the internal port; This is the equivalent current vector of the internal port;
[0023] Calculate the reduced impedance matrix at the antenna port and convert it into a scattering parameter matrix:
[0024] ;
[0025] ;
[0026] ;
[0027] in, This is the abbreviated impedance matrix of the antenna port; Here is the scattering parameter matrix; Standard reference impedance; It is the identity matrix; The reflection coefficient of feed port 1; The reflection coefficient of feed port 2; and For isolation degree.
[0028] In one embodiment, the equivalent voltage vector of the internal port is obtained according to the following formula:
[0029] ;
[0030] in, This is the equivalent voltage vector of the internal port; This is the equivalent current vector of the internal port; This is the internal port load impedance matrix.
[0031] In one embodiment, with the optimization objective of minimizing the isolation at the actual resonant frequency of the antenna, the optimal topology coding vector is obtained through a genetic algorithm, including:
[0032] Using minimizing the isolation at the actual resonant frequency of the antenna as the optimization objective function, the optimal topology encoding vector is obtained through a genetic algorithm:
[0033] ;
[0034] in, The objective function is... This is the resonant frequency of the millimeter-wave antenna; For isolation degree; This is the reflection coefficient.
[0035] In one embodiment, the integrated parent structure model further includes a dielectric substrate.
[0036] In one embodiment, the EBG structure is a mushroom-shaped EBG structure.
[0037] An integrated optimization design device for EBG topology arrays, the device comprising:
[0038] The model building module is used to build a joint integrated parent structure model of the antenna array and the EBG region to be optimized. The full-port impedance matrix corresponding to the model is extracted through electromagnetic simulation. The model includes two feed ports and a preset number of internal ports. The internal ports are preset gaps between discrete metal pixel patches in the EBG region to be optimized.
[0039] The topology optimization module is used to shrink the full-port impedance matrix using the Schur complement algorithm, and form a topology encoding vector by using the physical connectivity state of the internal ports as a binary Boolean variable. It establishes a mapping relationship between the topology encoding and the model S-parameters. With minimizing the isolation at the actual resonant frequency of the antenna as the optimization objective, the optimal topology encoding vector is obtained through a genetic algorithm.
[0040] The offset supplement module is used to map the optimal topology coding vector to a physical EBG structure, compare the isolation of antennas with and without EBG structures, and compensate for frequency offset based on the results to complete EBG topology optimization.
[0041] The aforementioned integrated optimization design method and apparatus for EBG topology arrays constructs a joint integrated parent structure model of the antenna array and the EBG region to be optimized. Based on potential topological paths, multiple gaps are pre-set as internal ports between discrete metal pixel patches within the EBG region to be optimized, thereby controlling the current path and establishing a discretized correlation between the physical topology and electromagnetic response. The constructed model, by placing all electromagnetic components in a unified array environment, can accurately capture near-field mutual coupling, edge diffraction, and antenna feed load effects that cannot be reflected in individual component simulations.
[0042] By condensing the full-port impedance matrix using the Schur complement algorithm, and defining the physical connectivity state of the internal ports using binarized Boolean variables, and establishing a mapping relationship between topology encoding and model S-parameters, the spatial electromagnetic topology contribution is equivalent to an in-situ regulating load. This allows the genetic algorithm to perform performance evaluations in milliseconds during the evolutionary search process, enabling the efficient synthesis of non-uniform EBG connected topology with optimal decoupling performance without repeatedly calling the full-wave simulation software. Attached Figure Description
[0043] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an integrated optimization design method for EBG topology array level in one embodiment;
[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an array-level integrated parent structure model in one embodiment, where (a) is a top view and (b) is a side view;
[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated parent structure model of the antenna array and the EBG region to be optimized in one embodiment;
[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a mushroom-shaped EBG structure and its equivalent circuit in one embodiment;
[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-port network model in one embodiment;
[0048] Figure 6 Here is an EBG structure diagram of the optimal topology-coded vector mapping in one embodiment;
[0049] Figure 7 This is a comparison chart of the multi-port network modeling results and CST simulation results in one embodiment;
[0050] Figure 8 This is a comparison chart of antenna isolation performance before and after loading and optimizing the EBG structure in one embodiment;
[0051] Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of an EBG topology array-level integrated optimization design device in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation
[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.
[0053] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, an integrated optimization design method for EBG topology array level is provided, the method including the following steps:
[0054] Step 201: Construct a joint integrated parent structure model of the antenna array and the EBG region to be optimized. Extract the full-port impedance matrix corresponding to the model through electromagnetic simulation. The model includes two feed ports and a preset number of internal ports. The internal ports are preset gaps between discrete metal pixel patches in the EBG region to be optimized.
[0055] It should be noted that, as Figure 2 The array-level integrated parent structure model shown ( Figure 2 middle, w The width of the metal pixel patch. g The spacing between the metal pixel patches. r The width of the metal via. h (The thickness of the dielectric substrate), compared to Figure 3The model shown is a joint integrated parent structure model of the antenna array and the EBG region to be optimized. Figure 3 The integrated parent structure model in the middle has added two power supply ports (i.e. Figure 3 The antenna feed port and internal port (i.e.) Figure 3 The integrated parent structure model, constructed using discrete ports, places all electromagnetic components within a unified array physical environment, establishing the physical foundation for in-situ design from the initial design stage. Internal ports can serve as potential topology connection paths. Feed ports (i.e., external ports) are used to observe the radiation and coupling performance of the antenna.
[0056] Step 202: The full-port impedance matrix is condensed using the Schur complement algorithm, and the physical connectivity state of the internal ports is used as a binary Boolean variable to form a topology coding vector. The mapping relationship between the topology coding and the model S-parameters is established. The optimal topology coding vector is obtained by using a genetic algorithm with the goal of minimizing the isolation at the actual resonant frequency of the antenna.
[0057] Step 203: Map the optimal topology encoding vector to a physical EBG structure, compare the isolation of the antenna with and without the EBG structure, and compensate for the frequency offset based on the results to complete the EBG topology optimization.
[0058] In the aforementioned integrated optimization design method for EBG topology arrays, a joint integrated parent structure model of the antenna array and the EBG region to be optimized is constructed. Multiple gaps are pre-set as internal ports between discrete metal pixel patches in the EBG region to be optimized, based on potential topological paths, thereby controlling the current path and establishing a discretized correlation between physical topology and electromagnetic response. The constructed model, by placing all electromagnetic components in a unified array environment, can accurately capture near-field mutual coupling, edge diffraction, and antenna feed load effects that cannot be reflected in single-unit simulations. The full-port impedance matrix is condensed using the Schur complement algorithm. Simultaneously, the physical connectivity state of the internal ports is defined using binary Boolean variables, and a mapping relationship between topology encoding and model S-parameters is established. This equates the spatial electromagnetic topology contribution to an in-situ regulated load, enabling the genetic algorithm to perform performance evaluations in milliseconds during the evolutionary search process. This allows for the efficient synthesis of a non-uniform EBG connectivity topology with optimal decoupling performance without repeatedly calling full-wave simulation software.
[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the integrated parent structure model further includes a dielectric substrate. It is understood that the integrated parent structure model also includes complete radiating patches for the antenna elements and an EBG (Electronic Embedded Geographic Area) region, pre-defined between the array elements and composed of multiple discrete metal patches, to be optimized.
[0060] In one embodiment, the EBG structure is a mushroom-shaped EBG structure.
[0061] It should be noted that, as Figure 4 As shown, the mushroom-shaped EBG structure can be considered as a parallel circuit in the equivalent circuit model. LC Resonant network, in which the gaps between patches provide the equivalent capacitance C The grounding via provides the equivalent inductance. L When a metal connector is introduced at a specific branch location (i.e., a port short circuit), the effective current path length and charge distribution of the electromagnetic wave on the dielectric surface are changed, thereby directly adjusting the equivalent structure. L (Inductor) or C The (capacitor) parameter enables precise control of the bandgap center frequency, thereby achieving active compensation for frequency drift caused by near-field loading of the antenna by utilizing the on / off state of the metal branch.
[0062] Understandably, after mapping the optimal topology encoding vector to a physical EBG structure and comparing the isolation between antennas with and without EBG structures, frequency offset compensation can be completed automatically. Specifically, by directly evolving a non-uniform connection topology in a real array environment, a physical configuration capable of generating reverse frequency compensation is automatically found, thereby accurately locking the suppressed peak at the antenna resonant point.
[0063] In this embodiment, by adopting a mushroom-shaped EBG structure and utilizing the compensation principle of adjusting LC parameters by metal branches in situ, the bandgap suppression center is precisely aligned with the antenna operating frequency, effectively solving the frequency drift mismatch problem caused by near-field loading in traditional designs.
[0064] In one embodiment, the full-port impedance matrix is:
[0065] ;
[0066] in, It is a 2×2 order antenna sub-matrix, which characterizes the input impedance and original mutual coupling characteristics of the external antenna port itself; for The internal submatrix of order 1 represents the interaction between discrete slot ports within the EBG region to be optimized. and The cross-regional coupling submatrix characterizes the spatial electromagnetic coupling relationship between the antenna near field and the EBG pixel patch.
[0067] Understandably, the full-port impedance matrix is... The full-port impedance matrix fully records all near-field reactive coupling, edge diffraction, and parasitic capacitance loading effects caused by the presence of the antenna body in the array environment.
[0068] Reference Figure 5 , is the multi-port network model corresponding to the joint integrated parent structure model of the antenna array and the EBG region to be optimized (in the figure, and This indicates the impedance of feed port 1 and feed port 2; and This indicates the voltage at feed port 1 and feed port 2; and This indicates the current at feed port 1 and feed port 2; Indicates the first M The impedance of each internal port; Indicates the first M The voltage of each internal port; Indicates the first M The current of each internal port is used to extract the full-port impedance matrix corresponding to the multi-port network model through electromagnetic simulation. This transforms the complex spatial evolution problem that originally required thousands of full-wave simulations into a multi-port network that can be linearly analyzed by circuit network theory in a single calculation. This achieves a precise mapping of electromagnetic problems from continuous electromagnetic space to discrete impedance matrices, providing detailed and realistic physical data support for subsequent efficient optimization.
[0069] In one embodiment, the full-port impedance matrix is shrunk using the Schur complement algorithm, and the physical connectivity state of the internal ports is used as a binary Boolean variable to form a topology encoding vector. A mapping relationship between the topology encoding and the model S-parameters is then established, including:
[0070] Using the physical connectivity state of the internal ports as binary Boolean variables, a topology-coded vector is formed:
[0071] ;
[0072] in, For the first k The physical connection status of each internal port. ;
[0073] Establish a mapping mechanism from topology encoding vectors to internal port load impedance matrices:
[0074] ;
[0075] in, This is the internal port load impedance matrix; for The corresponding ideal load impedance;
[0076] It should be noted that when When, it indicates the first kThe metal branches at each internal port are connected (short-circuit state), corresponding to the ideal load impedance. ;when When, it indicates the first k The metal branch at each internal port is disconnected (open circuit state), corresponding to the ideal load impedance. Understandably, the internal port load impedance matrix The value of strictly corresponds to the on / off state in the topology encoding vector; the impedance of a short-circuited branch approaches 0, and the impedance of an open-circuited branch approaches infinity. Through The complex spatial electromagnetic topology contribution is equivalent to an in-situ adjustment load, which is directly superimposed on the original mutual coupling path of the antenna, thereby enabling instantaneous prediction of the impact of different topology layouts on array isolation.
[0077] Based on the full-port impedance matrix, establish the mapping relationship between the feed port and the internal ports:
[0078] ;
[0079] in, The operating frequency of the antenna; This is the equivalent voltage vector of the feed port; This is the equivalent current vector at the feed port; This is the equivalent voltage vector of the internal port; This is the equivalent current vector of the internal port;
[0080] Calculate the reduced impedance matrix at the antenna port and convert it into a scattering parameter matrix:
[0081] ;
[0082] ;
[0083] ;
[0084] in, This is the abbreviated impedance matrix of the antenna port; Here is the scattering parameter matrix; This is the standard reference impedance (typically 50Ω). It is the identity matrix; The reflection coefficient of feed port 1; The reflection coefficient of feed port 2; and For isolation degree.
[0085] In this embodiment, by establishing a mapping mechanism from the topology coding vector to the internal port load impedance matrix, the physical limitations of traditional uniform periodic structures are broken through by using a discretized coding method. This empowers the optimization algorithm to explore non-uniform and asymmetric heterogeneous topology layouts within a large solution space. The full-port impedance matrix is condensed using the Schur complement algorithm, thereby enabling rapid evaluation of the system's electromagnetic response corresponding to any combination of topology codes without repeatedly calling full-wave simulation software. Antenna performance is then evaluated by converting the condensed impedance matrix of the antenna ports into a scattering parameter matrix.
[0086] In one embodiment, the equivalent voltage vector of the internal port is obtained according to the following formula:
[0087] ;
[0088] in, This is the equivalent voltage vector of the internal port; This is the equivalent current vector of the internal port; This is the internal port load impedance matrix.
[0089] In one embodiment, with the optimization objective of minimizing the isolation at the actual resonant frequency of the antenna, the optimal topology coding vector is obtained through a genetic algorithm, including:
[0090] Using minimizing the isolation at the actual resonant frequency of the antenna as the optimization objective function, the optimal topology encoding vector is obtained through a genetic algorithm:
[0091] ;
[0092] in, The objective function is... This is the resonant frequency of the millimeter-wave antenna; For isolation degree; This is the reflection coefficient.
[0093] In this embodiment, minimizing the isolation at the actual resonant frequency of the antenna is used as the optimization objective function. A global evolution search is performed while ensuring that the antenna's impedance matching characteristics meet design requirements to obtain the optimal topology encoding vector. The process involves only low-dimensional matrix inversion and algebraic operations, reducing computational overhead to milliseconds and enabling the traversal and accurate evaluation of tens of thousands of non-uniform topology sequences within minutes. This efficient numerical evolution process can find the optimal non-uniform metallic connectivity scheme for the spatially highly non-uniform electromagnetic field in the near-field of millimeter-wave antennas, ensuring that the final synthesized topology achieves optimal decoupling with the specific array environment.
[0094] In one embodiment, the antenna array is a 77GHz antenna array, and the number of internal ports is 52 (i.e., M=52). The optimal topology coding vector is shown in Table 1.
[0095] Table 1 Optimal Topology Coding Vector Table
[0096]
[0097] The optimal topology encoding vector is mapped to the physical EBG structure, and the virtual internal ports, which were originally used as computational variables, are replaced with metallic connection branches with real physical properties. Specifically, the branch positions encoded as "1" are filled with metallic connection pieces, such as... Figure 6 As shown, positions encoded as "0" remain physically disconnected. By mapping the optimal topology encoding vector to the physical EBG structure, the calculation results of the multiport network resolution space are traced back to the three-dimensional physical electromagnetic space, providing a physical model basis for the final accuracy verification.
[0098] By performing full-wave electromagnetic simulation of the antenna array, the scattering parameters of the antenna array under real physical constraints are obtained. The multi-port modeling results are then used to obtain these parameters. S The parameters were compared with those obtained from CST full-wave simulation, and the results are as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the present invention obtains this through multi-port modeling. S The parameters are basically consistent with the CST full-wave simulation results.
[0099] The isolation of antennas with and without EBG structures was compared, and the results are as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the original isolation at the resonant frequency is usually only around -20dB, while the EBG structure optimized by this invention can achieve an additional suppression efficiency of more than -20dB at the resonant frequency, making the total isolation reach a deep decoupling level of less than -40dB.
[0100] It should be understood that, although Figure 1 The steps in the flowchart are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, but these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order in which these steps are executed, and they can be performed in other orders. Figure 1 At least some of the steps in the process may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.
[0101] In one embodiment, such as Figure 9As shown, an integrated optimization design device for EBG topology arrays is provided, the device comprising:
[0102] The model building module 901 is used to build a joint integrated parent structure model of the antenna array and the EBG region to be optimized. The full-port impedance matrix corresponding to the model is extracted through electromagnetic simulation. The model includes two feed ports and a preset number of internal ports. The internal ports are preset gaps between discrete metal pixel patches in the EBG region to be optimized.
[0103] The topology optimization module 902 is used to shrink the full-port impedance matrix using the Schur complement algorithm, and form a topology coding vector by using the physical connectivity state of the internal ports as a binary Boolean variable, and establish the mapping relationship between the topology coding and the model S parameters; with the goal of minimizing the isolation at the actual resonant frequency of the antenna, the optimal topology coding vector is obtained through a genetic algorithm.
[0104] The offset supplement module 903 is used to map the optimal topology coding vector to a physical EBG structure, compare the isolation of the antenna with the EBG structure with that of the antenna without the EBG structure, and compensate for the frequency offset based on the result to complete the EBG topology optimization.
[0105] Specific limitations regarding the EBG topology array-level integrated optimization design device can be found in the limitations of the EBG topology array-level integrated optimization design method described above, and will not be repeated here. Each module in the aforementioned EBG topology array-level integrated optimization design device can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in hardware or independently of the processor in a computer device, or stored in software in the memory of a computer device, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.
[0106] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0107] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. An integrated optimization design method for EBG topology array level, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: A joint integrated parent structure model of the antenna array and the EBG (Electronic Backplane Group) region to be optimized is constructed. The full-port impedance matrix corresponding to the model is extracted through electromagnetic simulation. The model includes two feed ports and a predetermined number of internal ports, where the internal ports are predetermined gaps between discrete metal pixel patches in the EBG region to be optimized. The full-port impedance matrix is: in, It is a 2×2 order antenna submatrix; for Internal submatrices of order; and For cross-regional coupling submatrices; The full-port impedance matrix is condensed using the Schur complement algorithm, and the physical connectivity state of the internal ports is used as a binary Boolean variable to form a topology coding vector. The mapping relationship between the topology coding and the model S-parameters is established. The optimal topology coding vector is obtained through a genetic algorithm with the goal of minimizing the isolation at the actual resonant frequency of the antenna. The full-port impedance matrix is condensed using the Schur complement algorithm, and the physical connectivity state of the internal ports is used as a binary Boolean variable to form a topology encoding vector. A mapping relationship between the topology encoding and the model S-parameters is then established, including: Using the physical connectivity state of the internal ports as binary Boolean variables, a topology-coded vector is formed: in, For the first k The physical connection status of each internal port. ; Establish a mapping mechanism from topology encoding vectors to internal port load impedance matrices: in, This is the internal port load impedance matrix; for The corresponding ideal load impedance; Based on the full-port impedance matrix, establish the mapping relationship between the feed port and the internal ports: in, The operating frequency of the antenna; This is the equivalent voltage vector of the feed port; This is the equivalent current vector at the feed port; This is the equivalent voltage vector of the internal port; This is the equivalent current vector of the internal port; Calculate the reduced impedance matrix at the antenna port and convert it into a scattering parameter matrix: in, This is the abbreviated impedance matrix of the antenna port; Here is the scattering parameter matrix; Standard reference impedance; It is the identity matrix; The reflection coefficient of feed port 1; The reflection coefficient of feed port 2; and For isolation degree; The optimal topology encoding vector is mapped to a physical EBG structure. The isolation of antennas with and without EBG structures is compared, and the frequency offset is compensated based on the results to complete the EBG topology optimization.
2. The EBG topology array-level integrated optimization design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The equivalent voltage vector of the internal port is obtained according to the following formula: in, This is the equivalent voltage vector of the internal port; This is the equivalent current vector of the internal port; This is the internal port load impedance matrix.
3. The EBG topology array-level integrated optimization design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, With the goal of minimizing the isolation at the actual resonant frequency of the antenna, the optimal topology encoding vector is obtained through a genetic algorithm, including: Using minimizing the isolation at the actual resonant frequency of the antenna as the optimization objective function, the optimal topology encoding vector is obtained through a genetic algorithm: in, The objective function is... This is the resonant frequency of the millimeter-wave antenna; For isolation degree; This is the reflection coefficient.
4. The EBG topology array-level integrated optimization design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated parent structure model also includes a dielectric substrate.
5. The EBG topology array-level integrated optimization design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The EBG structure is a mushroom-shaped EBG structure.
6. An integrated optimization design device for EBG topology arrays, characterized in that, The device includes: The model building module is used to construct a joint integrated parent structure model of the antenna array and the EBG region to be optimized. The full-port impedance matrix corresponding to the model is extracted through electromagnetic simulation. The model includes two feed ports and a preset number of internal ports, where the internal ports are preset gaps between discrete metal pixel patches in the EBG region to be optimized. The full-port impedance matrix is as follows: in, It is a 2×2 order antenna submatrix; for Internal submatrices of order; and For cross-regional coupling submatrices; The topology optimization module is used to shrink the full-port impedance matrix using the Schur complement algorithm, and form a topology encoding vector by using the physical connectivity state of the internal ports as a binary Boolean variable. It establishes a mapping relationship between the topology encoding and the model S-parameters. With minimizing the isolation at the actual resonant frequency of the antenna as the optimization objective, the optimal topology encoding vector is obtained through a genetic algorithm. The full-port impedance matrix is condensed using the Schur complement algorithm, and the physical connectivity state of the internal ports is used as a binary Boolean variable to form a topology encoding vector. A mapping relationship between the topology encoding and the model S-parameters is then established, including: Using the physical connectivity state of the internal ports as binary Boolean variables, a topology-coded vector is formed: in, For the first k The physical connection status of each internal port. ; Establish a mapping mechanism from topology encoding vectors to internal port load impedance matrices: in, This is the internal port load impedance matrix; for The corresponding ideal load impedance; Based on the full-port impedance matrix, establish the mapping relationship between the feed port and the internal ports: in, The operating frequency of the antenna; This is the equivalent voltage vector of the feed port; This is the equivalent current vector at the feed port; This is the equivalent voltage vector of the internal port; This is the equivalent current vector of the internal port; Calculate the reduced impedance matrix at the antenna port and convert it into a scattering parameter matrix: in, This is the abbreviated impedance matrix of the antenna port; Here is the scattering parameter matrix; Standard reference impedance; It is the identity matrix; The reflection coefficient of feed port 1; The reflection coefficient of feed port 2; and For isolation degree; The offset supplement module is used to map the optimal topology coding vector to a physical EBG structure, compare the isolation of antennas with and without EBG structures, and compensate for frequency offset based on the results to complete EBG topology optimization.