Antennas, communication devices, and communication systems

Abstract

The application relates to an antenna, a communication device and a communication system, and relates to the technical field of antennas. The antenna comprises a driving device, a radiating unit and a transmission mechanism. The driving device is used for outputting power, which is used for driving the rotation of the radiating unit. The transmission mechanism transmits the power output by the driving device to the radiating unit, or the transmission mechanism is connected with the rotation shaft of the radiating unit. The driving device outputs the power to the radiating unit through the transmission mechanism, and the power is used for supporting the rotation of the radiating unit in the horizontal direction, so that the pointing direction of the beam in the horizontal direction can be changed, that is, the angle of the beam can be flexibly adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and more specifically, to an antenna, a communication device, and a communication system. Background Technology

[0002] Signal coverage in a cell is achieved by installing antennas at base stations and ensuring that the antenna beams cover the planned area. In practical applications, the antenna beams often need to be adjusted based on changes in the cell's geographical features, user distribution, and other factors. This adjustment typically includes adjusting the downtilt angle (vertical direction) and the azimuth angle (horizontal direction).

[0003] Currently, existing antennas cannot support flexible adjustment of the beam angle; for example, they cannot support flexible adjustment of the beam azimuth angle. Therefore, how to support flexible adjustment of the antenna beam angle is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an antenna, a communication device, and a communication system that can support flexible adjustment of the antenna beam angle.

[0005] In a first aspect, an antenna is provided, comprising: a driving device, a first radiating element, and a first transmitting mechanism, wherein the first transmitting mechanism is connected to the first radiating element, and the driving device is used to output power. In a first operating state, the driving device is connected to the first transmitting mechanism, and the power is used to drive the rotation of the first radiating element.

[0006] In the above structure, when the driving device and the first transmission mechanism are connected, the first transmission mechanism transmits the power output by the driving device to the first radiating unit. Alternatively, the first transmission mechanism is connected to the rotation axis of the first radiating unit, and the driving device outputs power to the first radiating unit through the first transmission mechanism. This power supports the rotation of the first radiating unit in the horizontal direction, thereby changing the direction of the beam in the horizontal direction, which can support flexible adjustment of the antenna beam angle.

[0007] Furthermore, the antenna described in the first aspect can be applied to base stations or terminals, and is not limited thereto.

[0008] In some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna further includes a first phase shifter and a second transmission mechanism, the first phase shifter being connected to a first radiating element and the second transmission mechanism being connected. In the second operating state, a driving device and the second transmission mechanism are connected, and the power is used to drive the movement of the first phase shifter.

[0009] In the above structure, the second transmission mechanism transmits the power output by the driving device to the first phase shifter. This power is used to drive the vertical movement of the first phase shifter, or in other words, this power can be used to support the linear push-pull control of the first phase shifter, thereby changing the linear position of the first phase shifter and thus enabling the adjustment of the beam tilt angle.

[0010] In some implementations of the first aspect, the drive device includes a drive shaft, a first drive module, a first transmission mechanism, and a second drive module. The first drive module is connected to the drive shaft, the first transmission mechanism is connected to the drive shaft, and the first transmission mechanism is connected to the second drive module. The first drive module is used to drive the drive shaft to rotate so that the drive device outputs power, and the second drive module is used to drive the first transmission mechanism to move along the axial direction of the drive shaft so that the drive device is in different working states.

[0011] For example, when the second drive module drives the first transmission mechanism to a first position on the drive shaft, the drive device is in a first operating state, and the drive device (i.e., the first transmission mechanism) is connected to the first transmission mechanism. As another example, when the second drive module drives the first transmission mechanism to a second position on the drive shaft, the drive device is in a second operating state, and the drive device (i.e., the first transmission mechanism) is connected to the second transmission mechanism.

[0012] In one example, when the second drive module drives the first transmission mechanism to move along the axial direction of the drive shaft and moves to a position connected to the first transmission mechanism, since the drive shaft and the first transmission mechanism are connected, the first drive module drives the first transmission mechanism to move (e.g., rotate) through the drive shaft, thereby transmitting power to the first transmission mechanism. Alternatively, when the first transmission mechanism is connected to the first transmission mechanism, the first drive module transmits power to the first transmission mechanism through the drive shaft and the first transmission mechanism, thereby driving the rotation axis of the radiation unit to rotate, thus adjusting the azimuth angle of the beam.

[0013] In another example, when the second drive module drives the first transmission mechanism to move along the axial direction of the drive shaft and moves to the position where it connects with the second transmission mechanism, the first drive module drives the first transmission mechanism to move (e.g., rotate) through the drive shaft, thereby transmitting power to the second transmission mechanism. Alternatively, when the first transmission mechanism is connected to the second transmission mechanism, the first drive module transmits power to the second transmission mechanism through the drive shaft and the first transmission mechanism, thereby driving the linear movement of the phase shifter, thus enabling the adjustment of the beam tilt angle.

[0014] In summary, the embodiments of this application can support flexible adjustment of the beam's downtilt angle and azimuth angle.

[0015] In some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna further includes a second radiating element and a third transmission mechanism, with the third transmission mechanism connected to the second radiating element. In a third operating state, a drive device is connected to the third transmission mechanism, and this power is used to drive the rotation of the second radiating element. Thus, embodiments of this application can support adjustment of the azimuth angle of multiple beams.

[0016] In some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna further includes a second phase shifter and a fourth transmission mechanism; the second phase shifter is connected to the second radiating element, and the second phase shifter is connected to the fourth transmission mechanism. In the fourth operating state, the fourth transmission mechanism is connected to a driving device, the power of which is used to drive the movement of the second phase shifter. Thus, embodiments of this application can support adjusting the downtilt angle of multiple beams.

[0017] In some implementations of the first aspect, the drive device further includes a second transmission mechanism connected to a second drive module. The second drive module is used to drive the second transmission mechanism to move axially along the drive shaft so that the drive device is in different working states. The first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism are located on both sides of the drive shaft, respectively.

[0018] For example, when the second drive module drives the second transmission mechanism to the third position of the drive shaft, the drive device is in the third operating state, and the drive device (i.e., the second transmission mechanism) is connected to the third transmission mechanism. As another example, when the second drive module drives the second transmission mechanism to the fourth position of the drive shaft, the drive device is in the fourth operating state, and the drive device (i.e., the second transmission mechanism) is connected to the fourth transmission mechanism. Thus, embodiments of this application can support simultaneous adjustment of the azimuth and downtilt angles of multiple beams.

[0019] In some implementations of the first aspect, the drive shaft includes a first sub-drive shaft and a second sub-drive shaft, which are connected by a connection structure for enabling a first drive module to drive one of the first sub-drive shafts to rotate.

[0020] By setting up a connection structure, the drive shaft can include two sub-drive shafts, such as a first sub-drive shaft and a second sub-drive shaft. Through this connection structure, the second drive module connects to only one side of the transmission mechanism at a time and disconnects from the other side, thus decoupling the two transmission mechanisms. Adjusting one side of the transmission mechanism will not cause the load on the other side to shift. Furthermore, this connection structure allows for flexible adjustment of the downtilt angle and azimuth angle of a specific beam according to actual needs.

[0021] In some implementations of the first aspect, the first transmission mechanism includes a first self-locking device; the first self-locking device is in an unlocked state when the drive device is in a first operating state; or, the first self-locking device is in a self-locked state when the drive device is not in the first operating state. Thus, when the transmission mechanism and the drive mechanism are connected, this can release the self-locking state of the transmission mechanism, thereby enabling the drive mechanism to transmit power from the drive device to the transmission mechanism. When the transmission mechanism and the transmission mechanism are not connected, this can lock the movement of the transmission mechanism, preventing vibration and deviation.

[0022] In some implementations of the first aspect, the second transmission mechanism includes a second self-locking device. When the drive device is in the second operating state, the second self-locking device is in an unlocked state; or, when the drive device is not in the second operating state, the second self-locking device is in a self-locked state. Thus, when the transmission mechanism and the drive mechanism are connected, this can release the self-locking state of the transmission mechanism, thereby supporting the transmission mechanism in transmitting power from the drive device to the transmission mechanism. When the transmission mechanism and the transmission mechanism are not connected, this can lock the movement of the transmission mechanism, preventing vibration and deviation.

[0023] In some implementations of the first aspect, the first self-locking device includes a first elastic unit and a first self-locking block.

[0024] For example, when the first transmission mechanism is connected to the first drive mechanism, the unlocking feature of the first drive mechanism (which can be considered as a protruding block) presses down the self-locking teeth of the first self-locking device. This releases the self-locking state of the first self-locking device, allowing the first transmission mechanism to be driven by the first drive module. When the first drive mechanism leaves, the unlocking feature of the first drive mechanism also leaves, and the self-locking teeth of the first self-locking device are automatically reset by the first elastic unit, preventing them from moving freely and avoiding vibration and displacement.

[0025] In some implementations of the first aspect, the second self-locking device includes a second elastic unit and a second self-locking block.

[0026] For example, when the second transmission mechanism is coupled to the first transmission mechanism, the unlocking feature of the first transmission mechanism will press down the self-locking teeth of the second self-locking device. This can release the self-locking state of the second self-locking device, allowing the second transmission mechanism to be driven by the first drive module. When the first transmission mechanism disengages, the unlocking feature of the first transmission mechanism also disengages, and the self-locking teeth of the second self-locking device will be automatically reset by the second elastic unit, preventing them from moving freely and preventing vibration and displacement.

[0027] In some implementations of the first aspect, the second transmission mechanism includes a rack and pinion mechanism or a screw and nut mechanism.

[0028] In some implementations of the first aspect, the first transmission mechanism includes a worm gear-helical gear mechanism.

[0029] In a second aspect, a communication device is provided, including the antenna described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the aforementioned communication equipment may include a base station, a radar device, or a device equipped with an antenna, without limitation.

[0031] In some implementations of the second aspect, the communication device further includes a baseband processing unit connected to the antenna.

[0032] In some implementations of the second aspect, the antenna further includes a feed network to which the baseband processing unit is connected; or, the antenna further includes a radio frequency processing unit to which the baseband processing unit is connected to the feed network.

[0033] Thirdly, a communication system is provided, comprising a core network device and a communication device as described in the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof, the communication device being communicatively connected to the core network device. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of base station 100.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of one structure of antenna 200.

[0036] Figure 3 This is another structural schematic diagram of antenna 200.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a drive device 202.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a transmission mechanism 2024.

[0039] Figure 6 This is another structural schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism 2024.

[0040] Figure 7 This is another structural schematic diagram of antenna 200.

[0041] Figure 8 This is another structural schematic diagram of antenna 200.

[0042] Figure 9 This is another structural schematic diagram of the drive device 202.

[0043] Figure 10 This is another structural schematic diagram of the drive device 202.

[0044] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the connection structure 2026.

[0045] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the connecting structure 2026 and the drive shaft 2021.

[0046] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how the connection structure 2026 works.

[0047] Figure 14 This is another schematic diagram of antenna 200.

[0048] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a transmission mechanism.

[0049] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the transmission mechanism and the drive shaft.

[0050] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the transmission mechanism.

[0051] Figure 18 This is another structural schematic diagram of antenna 200.

[0052] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of antenna 200. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The antenna, communication device, and communication system of the present application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] The antenna, communication device, and communication system described in this application can be applied to various communication systems, including but not limited to: Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) systems, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) systems, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) systems, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) systems, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, and 5G (5G) systems. th Generation 5G communication systems, device-to-device (D2D) systems, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) systems, or future communication networks, etc.

[0055] First, a brief introduction to the terminology used in the embodiments of this application will be given.

[0056] 1. Antenna

[0057] An antenna comprises one or more of the following: radiating elements, a reflector (also called a base plate or antenna panel), a feed network (also called a power distribution network), and a radome. The antenna element constitutes the radiating element of the antenna. The antenna element, often simply called a vibrator, serves to guide and amplify electromagnetic waves.

[0058] A feed network provides power, which in turn supplies electricity. In the antenna field, feeding can refer to supplying power to the antenna or providing energy. The function of the feed network is to feed signals with a certain amplitude and phase to the various radiating elements of the antenna, or to feed signals received from the various radiating elements to the processing module of the base station with a certain amplitude and phase. A feed network typically consists of controlled impedance transmission lines and may include devices such as phase shifters.

[0059] 2. Base station

[0060] A base station can be a device used to communicate with terminal equipment, including a base transceiver station (BTS) in a GSM or CDMA system, a Node B (NB) in a WCDMA system, an evolved Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario, or a relay station, access point, vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable device, base station in a 5G network, or a base station in a future communication network, etc., and is not limited thereto.

[0061] A base station, also known as an access network device or access node, can be located in a base station subsystem (BBS), a UMTS terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN), or an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN). It is used to provide cell coverage for wireless signals to enable communication between terminal devices and the wireless network.

[0062] A base station can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a GSM or CDMA system, a node B (NB) in a WCDMA system, an evolved Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, a transmission reception point (TRP), a next-generation base station (gNB) in a 5G communication system, a next-generation base station in a future communication network, an access network device or module of an access network device in an open RAN (ORAN) system, a base station in a future communication network, or an access node in a wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) system, etc. A base station can also be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU), as described below.

[0063] In the ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU, DU can also be called open (O)-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. The base station in this application can be a macro base station, micro base station, or indoor station, a relay node or donor node, or it can also be a radio controller in a cloud radioaccess network (CRAN) scenario. Alternatively, the base station can also be a server, vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable devices, and g nodes (gNodeB or gNB) in new radio (NR) systems, access network equipment in future evolved networks, etc. For example, the base station in V2X technology can be a roadside unit (RSU), and there is no specific limitation in this regard.

[0064] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of base station 100. (See diagram below.) Figure 1 As shown, the base station 100 includes: antenna 01, antenna adjustment bracket 02, mounting bracket 03, cable 04, radio frequency processing unit 05, baseband processing unit 06, connector seal 07, and grounding device 08.

[0065] In practical applications, the mounting bracket 03, antenna adjustment bracket 02, and other equipment can be provided by the site provider. The antenna 01, radio frequency processing unit 06, and baseband processing unit 06, and other equipment can be provided by the base station manufacturer. The base station in this embodiment may not include the antenna adjustment bracket; it only needs to include a bracket capable of mounting the antenna to the pole, and this bracket may not have an adjustment function.

[0066] Antenna 01 can be mounted on pole 03 via antenna adjustment bracket 02 to facilitate signal reception or transmission. For example, mounting bracket 03 can be a pole or tower, etc. In one possible implementation, antenna 01 can also be directly mounted on mounting bracket 03.

[0067] Antenna 01 may include radome 12. Radome 12 typically houses various components, such as radiator 11 and floor (not shown). Radome 12 possesses excellent electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics in terms of electrical performance and can withstand the effects of harsh external environments in terms of mechanical performance, thus protecting the components inside radome 12 from external environmental influences.

[0068] The components located inside the radome 12 of antenna 01 can be connected to the radio frequency (RF) processing unit 05 via cable 04. The baseband processing unit 06 can be connected to the components located inside the radome 12 of antenna 01 via the RF processing unit 05. Thus, the RF processing unit 05 can perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signal received by antenna 01, converting it into an intermediate frequency (IF) signal or a baseband signal and sending it to the baseband processing unit 06; alternatively, the RF processing unit 05 can up-convert and amplify the baseband processing unit 06 or the IF signal, converting it into electromagnetic waves through antenna 01 and transmitting it out.

[0069] In one possible implementation, the radio frequency processing unit 05 can also be called a remote radio unit (RRU), and the baseband processing unit 06 can also be called a baseband unit (BBU).

[0070] In one possible implementation, the radio frequency processing unit 05 can be integrated with the antenna 01, and the baseband processing unit 06 is located at the far end of the antenna 01. In this case, the radio frequency processing unit 05 and the antenna 01 can be collectively referred to as an active antenna unit (AAU).

[0071] Figure 1 This is just one example of the positional relationship between the radio frequency processing unit 05 and the antenna 01. The radio frequency processing unit 05 and the baseband processing unit 06 can also be located simultaneously at the far end of the antenna 01.

[0072] Grounding device 07 is installed on feeder 05. Grounding device 07 can perform electrical grounding, lightning protection, overvoltage protection, and maintenance of equipment performance, which helps to ensure the stability and safety of base station 100.

[0073] The connector seal 08 is provided at the connection between the antenna radome of antenna 01 and cable 04, and at the connection between grounding device 08 and cable 04, to provide insulation and sealing. The connector seal 08 can be at least one of insulating sealing tape or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) insulating adhesive. Of course, the connector seal 08 can also have other structures and is not limited to the form of tape.

[0074] Currently, antenna 01 does not support flexible adjustment of the beam angle. Therefore, this application provides an antenna that supports flexible adjustment of the beam angle. See also... Figure 2 and Figure 3 It should be noted that the antennas described below can be used in base stations or terminals, and there is no limitation on their application.

[0075] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of one structure of antenna 200. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the antenna 200 includes: a radiating element 201 (such as a first radiating element), a driving device 202, and a transmission mechanism 203 (such as a first transmission mechanism). The transmission mechanism 203 is connected to the radiating element 201, and the driving device 202 is used to output power. In the first operating state, the driving device 202 and the transmission mechanism 203 are connected, and the power is used to drive the rotation of the radiating element 201. That is, the transmission mechanism 203 transmits the power output by the driving device 202 to the radiating element 201, or the transmission mechanism 203 is connected to the rotation axis of the radiating element 201, and the driving device 202 outputs power to the radiating element 201 through the transmission mechanism 203. This power is used to support the rotation of the radiating element 201 in the horizontal direction, thereby changing the direction of the beam in the horizontal direction, that is, it can support flexible adjustment of the antenna beam angle.

[0076] In one possible implementation, the drive unit 202 is used to provide mechanical power, or the drive unit 202 includes a motor for driving the movement of a corresponding mechanism, such as the motor for driving the movement of the transmission mechanism 203, which in turn drives the movement of the radiation unit 201.

[0077] When the antenna 200 also includes a phase shifter, the phase shifter adjusts the downtilt angle according to existing technology, which will not be described in detail here.

[0078] pass Figure 2 The antenna 200 shown can adjust the azimuth angle of the beam, that is, it can support flexible adjustment of the antenna beam angle.

[0079] Figure 2 Taking the flexible adjustment of the beam azimuth angle as an example, the following text combines... Figure 3 The scenario of flexibly adjusting the downtilt angle of the beam is described.

[0080] Figure 3 This is another structural schematic diagram of antenna 200. (See diagram below.) Figure 3 As shown, the antenna 200 includes: a radiating element 201, a driving device 202, a transmission mechanism 203, a phase shifter 204 (such as a first phase shifter), and a transmission mechanism 205 (such as a second transmission mechanism). The phase shifter 204 is connected to the radiating element 201, and the phase shifter 204 is connected to the transmission mechanism 205. In the second operating state, the transmission mechanism 205 is connected to the driving device 202, and the power is used to drive the movement of the phase shifter 204.

[0081] In the above structure, in the first working state, the transmission mechanism 203 transmits the power output by the drive device 202 to the radiation unit 201. This power is used to drive the horizontal rotation of the radiation unit 201. Alternatively, in the second working state, the transmission mechanism 205 transmits the power output by the drive device 202 to the phase shifter 204. This power is used to drive the vertical movement of the phase shifter 204. In other words, this power can be used to support the linear push-pull control of the phase shifter 204, thereby changing the linear position of the phase shifter 204 and ultimately adjusting the downtilt angle of the beam.

[0082] pass Figure 3 The antenna 200 shown can flexibly adjust the downtilt angle or azimuth angle of the beam as needed.

[0083] The following text is about Figure 2 and Figure 3 The drive unit 202 in the middle is described.

[0084] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of one possible structure of the drive device 202. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the drive device 202 includes: a drive shaft 2021, a drive module 2022 (such as a first drive module), a drive module 2023 (such as a second drive module), and a transmission mechanism 2024 (such as a first transmission mechanism).

[0085] Drive module 2022 is connected to drive shaft 2021 and drives drive shaft 2021 to rotate, thereby enabling drive device 202 to output power. Transmission mechanism 2024 is connected to drive shaft 2021 and drive module 2023. Drive module 2023 drives transmission mechanism 2024 to move along the axial direction of drive shaft 2021, thereby enabling drive device 202 to operate in different states.

[0086] For example, when the drive module 2023 drives the transmission mechanism 2024 to a first position on the drive shaft 2021 (the position where the transmission mechanism 2024 is connected to the transmission mechanism 203), the drive device 202 is in a first working state. As another example, when the drive module 2023 drives the transmission mechanism 2024 to a second position on the drive shaft 2021 (the position where the transmission mechanism 2024 is connected to the transmission mechanism 205), the drive device 202 is in a second working state.

[0087] In one example, when the drive module 2023 drives the transmission mechanism 2024 to move along the axial direction of the drive shaft 2021 and moves to the first position connected to the transmission mechanism 203, since the drive shaft 2021 and the transmission mechanism 2024 are connected, the drive module 2022 drives the rotation of the transmission mechanism 2024 through the drive shaft 2021, thereby transmitting power to the transmission mechanism 203. Alternatively, when the transmission mechanism 2024 is connected to the transmission mechanism 203, the drive module 2022 transmits power to the transmission mechanism 203 through the drive shaft 2021 and the transmission mechanism 2024, thereby driving the rotation axis of the radiation unit 201 to rotate, thus adjusting the azimuth angle of the beam.

[0088] In one example, when the drive module 2023 drives the transmission mechanism 2024 to move along the axial direction of the drive shaft 2021 and moves to a second position connected to the power transmission mechanism 205, since the drive shaft 2021 and the transmission mechanism 2024 are connected, the drive module 2022 drives the rotation of the transmission mechanism 2024 through the drive shaft 2021, thereby transmitting power to the transmission mechanism 205. Alternatively, when the transmission mechanism 2024 is connected to the transmission mechanism 205, the drive module 2022 transmits power to the transmission mechanism 205 through the drive shaft 2021 and the transmission mechanism 2024, thereby driving the linear movement of the phase shifter 204, thus adjusting the downtilt angle of the beam.

[0089] In one possible implementation, drive module 2023 and drive module 2022 can be used to provide mechanical power, or drive module 2023 and drive module 2022 can include a motor for driving the movement of the corresponding mechanism.

[0090] Optionally, drive module 2023 and drive module 2022 may also include some gear mechanisms.

[0091] Optionally, driver module 2023 and driver module 2022 can be deployed in an integrated manner or independently, without limitation.

[0092] In one possible implementation, the transmission mechanism 2024 can be used to connect the drive module 2022 and the transmission mechanism 203 or the transmission mechanism 205, or in other words, the drive module 2022 transmits power to the transmission mechanism 203 or the transmission mechanism 205 through the transmission mechanism 2024.

[0093] Figure 4 The drive device 202 shown is only an example. In application, the drive device 202 may include other structures, which are not limited.

[0094] One possible implementation is that the transmission mechanism 2024 includes a gear mechanism, a rack mechanism, and a fixed frame. See also... Figure 5 .

[0095] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a transmission mechanism 2024. (Example) Figure 5 As shown, the transmission mechanism 2024 includes a gear mechanism, a rack mechanism, and a fixed frame, which are fixedly connected. The drive module 2023 drives the transmission mechanism 2024 to move axially along the drive shaft 2021 through the gear mechanism and rack mechanism of the transmission mechanism 2024. For example, since the drive module 2023 meshes with the rack mechanism of the transmission mechanism 2024, when the drive module 2023 rotates, the rack mechanism of the transmission mechanism 2024 will move axially along the drive shaft 2021 under the influence of the rotation of the drive module 2023. When the rack mechanism of the transmission mechanism 2024 moves, it will drive the fixed frame and the gear mechanism to move axially along the drive shaft 2021, thereby driving the transmission mechanism 2024 to move axially along the drive shaft 2021.

[0096] In another possible implementation, the transmission mechanism 2024 includes a gear mechanism, a screw and nut mechanism, and a fixed frame. See also... Figure 6 .

[0097] Figure 6 This is another structural schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism 2024. (For example...) Figure 6 As shown, the transmission mechanism 2024 includes a screw and nut mechanism, a fixed frame, and a gear mechanism, which are fixedly connected. The drive module 2023 drives the transmission mechanism 2024 to move axially along the drive shaft 2021 via the screw and nut mechanism of the transmission mechanism 2024. For example, since the drive module 2023 is connected to the screw and nut mechanism of the transmission mechanism 2024, when the drive module 2023 rotates, the screw and nut mechanism of the transmission mechanism 2024 will move axially along the drive shaft 2021 under the influence of the rotation of the drive module 2023. When the screw and nut mechanism of the transmission mechanism 2024 moves, it will drive the fixed frame and the gear mechanism to move axially along the drive shaft 2021, thereby driving the transmission mechanism 2024 to move axially along the drive shaft 2021.

[0098] In one possible embodiment, the transmission mechanism 2024 may also include other mechanisms derived from gear mechanisms, without limitation.

[0099] Figure 2 and Figure 3 The following description uses antenna 200, which includes a radiating element and a phase shifter, as an example. Figure 7 and Figure 8 A scenario in which antenna 200 includes multiple radiating elements and multiple phase shifters is described.

[0100] Figure 7 This is another structural schematic diagram of antenna 200. (See diagram below.) Figure 7 As shown, the antenna 200 includes: a radiating element 201, a radiating element 206 (such as a second radiating element), a transmission mechanism 207 (such as a third transmission mechanism), a transmission mechanism 203, and a driving device 202. The transmission mechanism 207 is connected to the radiating element 206. The driving device 202 is used to output power.

[0101] In the above structure, in the third working state, the drive device 202 is connected to the transmission mechanism 207. The power is used to drive the rotation of the radiation unit 206. That is, the transmission mechanism 207 transmits the power output from the drive device 202 to the radiation unit 206. In other words, the transmission mechanism 207 is connected to the rotation axis of the radiation unit 206, and the drive device 202 outputs power to the radiation unit 206 through the transmission mechanism 207. This power is used to support the rotation of the radiation unit 206 in the horizontal direction, thereby changing the direction of the beam in the horizontal direction.

[0102] based on Figure 7 The antenna 200 shown in this embodiment can support adjustment of the azimuth angle of multiple beams.

[0103] Figure 8 This is another structural schematic diagram of antenna 200. (See diagram below.) Figure 8 As shown, antenna 200 includes: a radiating element 201, a transmission mechanism 203, a driving device 202, a phase shifter 204, a radiating element 208, a phase shifter 206 (such as a second phase shifter), a transmission mechanism 207, a transmission mechanism 205, and a transmission mechanism 209 (such as a fourth transmission mechanism). In the fourth operating state, the driving device 202 is connected to the transmission mechanism 209, and this power is used to drive the movement of the phase shifter 206. Regarding... Figure 8 The description of the antenna 200 shown can be found in [reference]. Figure 3 The description will not be repeated here.

[0104] based on Figure 8 The antenna 200 shown in this embodiment can support adjustment of the downtilt angle of multiple beams.

[0105] The following text is about Figure 7 and Figure 8 The drive unit 202 in the middle is described.

[0106] Figure 9 This is another structural schematic diagram of the drive unit 202. (See diagram below.) Figure 9 As shown, the drive device 202 includes: a drive shaft 2021, a drive module 2022, a transmission mechanism 2024, a transmission mechanism 2025 (such as a second transmission mechanism), and a drive module 2023.

[0107] For descriptions of drive shaft 2021, drive module 2022, transmission mechanism 2024, and drive module 2023, please refer to [link to documentation]. Figure 4 The description of the relationship between the transmission mechanism 2025, the drive transmission mechanism 207, and the transmission mechanism 209 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 4 The description.

[0108] Figure 10 This is another structural schematic diagram of the drive unit 202. (See diagram below.) Figure 10 As shown, the drive device 202 includes: a drive shaft 2021, a drive module 2022, a transmission mechanism 2024, a transmission mechanism 2025, a drive module 2023, and a connecting structure 2026. The drive shaft 2021 includes a drive shaft 20211 (such as a first sub-drive shaft) and a drive shaft 20212 (such as a second sub-drive shaft). The drive shaft 20211 and the drive shaft 20212 are connected by the connecting structure 2026, which is used to enable the drive module 2022 to drive one of the drive shafts 20211 and 20212 to rotate.

[0109] Through the connection structure 2026, the drive module 2022 can connect to only one side of the transmission mechanism at a time and disconnect from the other side, thereby decoupling the two transmission mechanisms. When adjusting one side of the transmission mechanism, the load on the other side of the transmission mechanism will not shift. The drive module 2022 connects to either the drive shaft 20211 or the drive shaft 20212 via the connection mechanism 2026.

[0110] By setting up the connection structure 2026, this allows for flexible adjustment of the downtilt angle and azimuth angle of a specific beam according to actual needs.

[0111] For a description of the connection structure 2026, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 11 to 13 .

[0112] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the connecting structure 2026. (See diagram for example.) Figure 11 As shown, the connection structure 2026 includes a fixed clutch 1, an intermediate shaft, and a fixed clutch 2. The intermediate shaft is used to connect the fixed clutch 1 and the fixed clutch 2. The intermediate shaft is coupled to the drive unit 204. The fixed clutch 1 and the fixed clutch 2 are respectively used to connect different sub-drive shafts of the drive shaft 203.

[0113] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the connecting structure 2026 and the drive shaft 2021. (See diagram below.) Figure 11As shown, the drive shaft 2021 includes drive shaft 20211, drive shaft 20212, and a fixed frame. Drive shaft 20211 is fixedly connected to movable clutch 1, and drive shaft 20212 is fixedly connected to movable clutch 2. Movable clutch 1 and movable clutch 2 are coupled to the fixed frame and achieve axial linkage. By moving the fixed frame, both movable clutches can be moved simultaneously, changing the connection relationship between the intermediate shaft and the two drive shafts on both sides. The drive module 2023 can drive the fixed clutch 1 to connect to one end of drive shaft 20211, or the drive module 2023 can drive the fixed clutch 2 to connect to one end of drive shaft 20212.

[0114] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how the connection structure 2026 works. Example:

[0115] like Figure 13 As shown in (a), when the fixed clutch 1 is disengaged and the fixed clutch 2 is engaged, the drive module 2022 can rotate the drive shaft 20212. Specifically, when the drive module 2023 drives the transmission mechanism 2025 to the other extreme position, it pushes the fixed bracket, changing its position, thereby connecting the movable clutch 2 with the fixed clutch 2, and the torque of the drive module 2022 can be transmitted to the drive shaft 20212.

[0116] like Figure 13 As shown in (b), when the fixed clutch 2 is disengaged and the fixed clutch 1 is engaged, the drive module 2022 can rotate the drive shaft 20211. Specifically, when the drive module 2023 drives the transmission mechanism 2025 to one extreme position, it pushes the fixed bracket, changing its position, thereby connecting the movable clutch 1 with the fixed clutch 1, and the torque of the drive module 2023 can be transmitted to the drive shaft 20211.

[0117] Figure 14 This is another schematic diagram of antenna 200. (See diagram below.) Figure 14 As shown, drive shaft 20211 and drive shaft 20212 are both shaft structures. Transmission mechanisms 2024 and 2025 are both gear mechanisms + rack and pinion mechanisms (not shown) + fixed frames (not shown). Transmission mechanisms 2024 and 2025 can move along the axial direction of drive shaft 2021 under the action of drive module 2022 (e.g., a motor). Drive module 2022 (e.g., a motor) can realize the rotation of drive shaft 2021.

[0118] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a transmission mechanism. An example is shown below:

[0119] like Figure 15 As shown in (a), one form of the transmission mechanism 205 is a rack and pinion mechanism.

[0120] like Figure 15 As shown in (b), another form of the transmission mechanism 205 is a screw and nut mechanism.

[0121] like Figure 15 As shown in (c), one form of the transmission mechanism 203 is a worm gear-helical gear mechanism. The transmission mechanism 203 also includes a transition gear for coupling the worm gear-helical gear mechanism and the transmission mechanism 2024.

[0122] like Figure 15 As shown in (d), another form of the transmission mechanism 203 is a bevel gear mechanism. The transmission mechanism 203 also includes a transition gear, which is used to couple the bevel gear mechanism and the transmission mechanism 2024.

[0123] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection between the transmission mechanism and the drive shaft. An example is shown below:

[0124] like Figure 16 As shown in (a), when the transmission mechanism 205 (such as a rack and pinion mechanism) is coupled to the transmission mechanism 2024 (such as a gear mechanism),

[0125] This allows for adjustment of the beam's downtilt angle.

[0126] like Figure 16 As shown in (b), when the transmission mechanism 203 (such as an adapter gear, worm gear-helical gear mechanism) and the transmission mechanism 2024 (such as a gear mechanism) are coupled together, this can achieve adjustment of the azimuth angle of the beam.

[0127] Figure 17 This is another structural diagram of the transmission mechanism. (For example...) Figure 17 As shown in (a), the transition gear includes a gear self-locking device, and the rack mechanism includes a rack self-locking device. Figure 17As shown in (b), the self-locking device (regardless of whether it is a rack and pinion self-locking device or a gear self-locking device) includes a self-locking block and an elastic unit. For example, the transmission mechanism 203 includes a first self-locking device, which includes a first self-locking block (including a self-locking tooth, which includes one or more teeth for self-locking) and a first elastic unit. For example, the transmission mechanism 205 includes a second self-locking device, which includes a second self-locking block (including a self-locking tooth, which includes one or more teeth for self-locking) and a second elastic unit. Taking the transmission mechanism 203 as an example, when the transmission mechanism 203 is connected to the transmission mechanism 2024, that is, when the drive device 202 is in the first working state, the unlocking feature of the transmission mechanism 2024 (which can be regarded as a protruding block) will press down the self-locking tooth of the first self-locking device, which can release the self-locking state of the first self-locking device, so that the transmission mechanism 203 is driven by the drive module 2022. When the drive device 202 is not in the first working state, that is, when the transmission mechanism 2024 is disengaged, the unlocking feature of the transmission mechanism 2024 is also disengaged. The self-locking teeth of the first self-locking device will be automatically reset by the first elastic unit, so that they cannot move freely and prevent vibration and deviation.

[0128] Taking the transmission mechanism 205 as an example, when the transmission mechanism 205 is coupled with the drive mechanism 2024, that is, when the drive device 202 is in the second working state, the unlocking feature of the drive mechanism 2024 will press down the self-locking teeth of the second self-locking device. This can release the self-locking state of the second self-locking device, allowing the transmission mechanism 205 to be driven by the drive module 2022. When the drive device 202 is not in the second working state, that is, when the drive mechanism 2024 is disengaged, the unlocking feature of the drive mechanism 2024 is also disengaged. The self-locking teeth of the second self-locking device will be automatically reset by the second elastic unit, preventing them from moving freely and preventing vibration and displacement.

[0129] In summary, when the transmission mechanism and the transmission mechanism are connected, this can release the self-locking state of the transmission mechanism, thereby enabling the transmission mechanism to transmit power from the drive device to the transmission mechanism. When the transmission mechanism and the transmission mechanism are not connected, this can lock the movement of the transmission mechanism and prevent vibration and deviation.

[0130] Figure 18 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna 200. Example:

[0131] like Figure 18 As shown in (a), the antenna 200 includes multiple sets of transmission mechanisms (each set of transmission mechanisms includes transmission mechanism 203 and transmission mechanism 205), such as eight sets of transmission mechanisms. Each set of transmission mechanisms is deployed on both sides of the radiating element and connected to the corresponding radiating element. The position of the transmission mechanism is related to the position of the radiating element, or in other words, the deployment position of the transmission mechanism on the drive shaft is related to the distance between the radiating elements.

[0132] like Figure 18 As shown in (b), the antenna 200 includes multiple radiating elements (which may correspond to the same frequency band or different frequency bands). When the rotation axes of the radiating elements are coplanar, the transmission mechanism corresponding to each radiating element can be deployed on the same plane, which is beneficial for the aforementioned transmission mechanism to engage.

[0133] like Figure 18 As shown in (c), the antenna 200 includes multiple radiating elements (which may correspond to the same frequency band or different frequency bands). When the rotation axes of the radiating elements are not coplanar, the deviations can be absorbed by the adapter gears or bridge gears of different diameters. Alternatively, all transmission mechanisms can be arranged on the same horizontal plane first, and then the torque can be transmitted through the swing arm connection to achieve a small-amplitude horizontal rotation of the entire radiating element.

[0134] like Figure 18 As shown in (d), when the antenna 200 includes multiple radiating elements (which may correspond to the same frequency band or different frequency bands), the deployment method of the transmission mechanism corresponding to the multiple radiating elements can be as shown in the figure.

[0135] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of antenna 200. Example:

[0136] like Figure 19 As shown in (a), the antenna 200 includes multiple radiating elements, each of which corresponds to a transmission mechanism.

[0137] like Figure 19 As shown in (b), the antenna 200 can be rotated at different angles in the horizontal direction through the transmission mechanism.

[0138] like Figure 19 As shown in (c), the antenna 200 can be tilted down at different angles in the vertical and horizontal directions through the transmission mechanism.

[0139] In this embodiment, the antenna 200 includes, but is not limited to, any one or more of the following: passive antenna, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system, and massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system.

[0140] In one possible implementation, this application also provides a communication device, which includes an antenna 200.

[0141] In one possible implementation, the communication device described above may further include a baseband processing unit connected to the antenna 200.

[0142] In one possible implementation, the antenna 200 may also include a feed network, to which the baseband processing unit is connected; or, the antenna 200 may also include a radio frequency processing unit, to which the baseband processing unit is connected.

[0143] The aforementioned communication equipment can be a base station, a radar device, or other equipment equipped with an antenna; there is no limitation on this.

[0144] based on Figures 2 to 19 The antenna 200 shown in this application also includes a communication system comprising a core network device and the aforementioned communication device, wherein the core network device and the aforementioned communication device are connected in communication.

[0145] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and units can be implemented in other ways. For example, the base station device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple modules or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, or indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or modules, and may be mechanical or other forms.

[0146] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0147] In addition, the functional modules in the embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each module can exist physically separately, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.

[0148] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, include: The system includes a drive device, a first radiation unit, and a first transmission mechanism, wherein the first transmission mechanism is connected to the first radiation unit, and the drive device is used to output power. In the first operating state, the drive device is connected to the first transmission mechanism, and the power is used to drive the rotation of the first radiation unit.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna also includes: A first phase shifter and a second transmission mechanism, wherein the first phase shifter is connected to the first radiation unit and the second transmission mechanism are connected; In the second operating state, the drive device is connected to the second transmission mechanism, and the power is used to drive the movement of the first phase shifter.

3. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The driving device includes a drive shaft, a first drive module, a first transmission mechanism, and a second drive module; The first drive module is connected to the drive shaft, the first transmission mechanism is connected to the drive shaft, and the first transmission mechanism is connected to the second drive module; The first drive module is used to drive the drive shaft to rotate so that the drive device outputs the power; The second drive module is used to drive the first transmission mechanism to move along the axial direction of the drive shaft, so that the drive device is in different working states.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The antenna also includes: A second radiating unit and a third transmission mechanism, wherein the third transmission mechanism is connected to the second radiating unit; In the third operating state, the drive device and the third transmission mechanism are connected, and the power is used to drive the rotation of the second radiation unit.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The antenna also includes: A second phase shifter and a fourth transmission mechanism are connected; the second phase shifter is connected to the second radiation unit, and the second phase shifter is connected to the fourth transmission mechanism. In the fourth operating state, the drive device and the fourth transmission mechanism are connected, and the power is used to drive the movement of the second phase shifter.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drive device further includes a second transmission mechanism, which is connected to the second drive module; The second drive module is used to drive the second transmission mechanism to move along the axial direction of the drive shaft, so that the drive device is in different working states. The first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism are respectively located on both sides of the drive shaft.

7. The antenna according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that, The drive shaft includes a first sub-drive shaft and a second sub-drive shaft, which are connected by a connection structure. The connection structure is used to enable the first drive module to drive one of the first sub-drive shaft and the second sub-drive shaft to rotate.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first transmission mechanism includes a first self-locking device; When the driving device is in the first working state, the first self-locking device is in the unlocked state. or, When the driving device is not in the first working state, the first self-locking device is in the self-locking state.

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that, The second transmission mechanism includes a second self-locking device; When the driving device is in the second working state, the second self-locking device is in the unlocked state. or, When the driving device is not in the second working state, the second self-locking device is in the self-locking state.

10. The antenna according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The first self-locking device includes a first elastic unit and a first self-locking block.

11. The antenna according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The second self-locking device includes a second elastic unit and a second self-locking block.

12. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The second transmission mechanism includes a rack and pinion mechanism or a screw and nut mechanism.

13. The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 12, characterized in that, The first transmission mechanism includes a worm gear-helical gear mechanism.

14. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. The communication device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The communication device further includes a baseband processing unit, which is connected to the antenna.

16. The communication device according to claim 15, characterized in that, The antenna further includes a feed network, and the baseband processing unit is connected to the feed network; or... The antenna also includes a radio frequency processing unit and a feed network, and the baseband processing unit is connected to the feed network through the radio frequency processing unit.

17. A communication system, characterized in that, It includes core network equipment and communication equipment as described in any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein the communication equipment is communicatively connected to the core network equipment.

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