Signal conversion circuit, method and apparatus for input / output signals

Abstract

The application relates to a signal conversion circuit, method and device of input and output signals, a first input circuit is connected with a first operational amplifier circuit, the first operational amplifier circuit is connected with a first output circuit, the first input circuit is connected with a first current-voltage conversion circuit, and a first bias voltage circuit is connected at the connection point of the first input circuit and the first operational amplifier circuit; a second conversion circuit is connected at the connection point of the first operational amplifier circuit and the first output circuit, the first input circuit is used for selecting the type of an input signal and receiving the input signal. Through the second conversion circuit, the first input circuit, the first operational amplifier circuit, the first bias voltage circuit, the first current-voltage conversion circuit and the first output circuit, the application realizes the multi-type signal compatibility and flexible conversion capability, avoids the trouble of separately designing circuits for different input / output signals, and greatly simplifies the design complexity of a signal processing system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of signal transmission circuits, and in particular to signal conversion circuits, methods and apparatus for input and output signals. Background Technology

[0002] Current electronic measurement and signal processing systems often require input to various signals from different sensors or pre-amplifier circuits, encompassing different electrical interfaces such as voltage-type and current-type, single-ended and differential. These signals differ significantly in amplitude, common-mode level, and output impedance. Traditional signal conditioning solutions require designing independent circuits for each input-output combination. For example, converting voltage input to differential output or current input to single-ended output necessitates different op-amp peripheral circuits or level shifting structures. This not only increases the complexity of system design but also leads to hardware redundancy, increased circuit board area, and higher costs. Furthermore, when signal amplification or bandwidth needs adjustment, components must be replaced or even the topology modified, resulting in long debugging cycles, poor flexibility, and difficulty in achieving rapid adaptation between multiple signal interfaces. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides signal conversion circuits, methods and apparatus for input and output signals, aiming to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is a signal conversion circuit for input and output signals, comprising: The first conversion circuit includes a first input circuit, a first operational amplifier circuit, a first bias voltage circuit, a first current-to-voltage conversion circuit, and a first output circuit. The first input circuit is connected to the first operational amplifier circuit, the first operational amplifier circuit is connected to the first output circuit, the first input circuit is connected to the first current-to-voltage conversion circuit, and the first bias voltage circuit is connected to the connection point of the first input circuit and the first operational amplifier circuit. The second conversion circuit is connected to the connection point of the first operational amplifier circuit and the first output circuit. The first input circuit is used to select the type of input signal and receive the input signal; the first operational amplifier circuit is used to amplify the input signal by a preset amplification factor; the first output circuit is used to output the output signal; the first bias voltage circuit is used to adjust the bias voltage of the first operational amplifier circuit; and the first current-to-voltage conversion circuit is used to adjust the type of output signal.

[0005] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first input circuit includes a first positive signal input terminal, a first negative signal input terminal, a first AGND terminal, a third zero resistor, a fourth switch, and a ninth resistor. The first negative signal input terminal is connected to the fourth switch, the fourth switch is connected to the ninth resistor, the ninth resistor is connected to the first AGND terminal, and the first positive signal input terminal is connected to the third zero resistor. The first operational amplifier circuit includes a first eight resistor, a second six resistor, and a first operational amplifier. The first eight resistor is connected to the connection point between the negative input terminal of the first signal and the fourth switch. The first eight resistor is connected to the second six resistor. The output terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the second six resistor. The connection point between the first eight resistor and the second six resistor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier. The first output circuit includes a second AGND terminal, a VP terminal, a second octet resistor, and a fifth capacitor. The VP terminal is connected to the second octet resistor. The second octet resistor is connected to the connection point between the output terminal of the first operational amplifier and the second octet resistor. The fifth capacitor is connected to the connection point between the VP terminal and the second octet resistor, and the fifth capacitor is connected to the second AGND terminal.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first operational amplifier circuit includes a first six-resistor and a first seven-resistor. The first seven resistor is connected to the third zero resistor, the first seven resistor is connected to the non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier, and the first six resistor is connected to the connection point of the first seven resistor and the non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first bias voltage circuit includes a first VREF terminal, a third AGND terminal, a sixth switch, a first three-resistor, and a first five-resistor. The first six resistors are connected to the sixth switch, the sixth switch is connected to the first VREF terminal, the first five resistors are connected to the connection point of the first six resistors and the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier, the first five resistors are connected to the first three resistors, the first three resistors are connected to the third AGND terminal, and the negative power supply terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the connection point of the first three resistors and the third AGND terminal.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first operational amplifier circuit includes a fourth AGND terminal, a third capacitor, a sixth capacitor, a seventh capacitor, and a first inductor. One end of the third capacitor is connected to the connection point of the first eight resistors and the second six resistors, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected to the connection point of the output terminal of the first operational amplifier and the second six resistors. The first inductor is connected to the sixth capacitor, and the seventh capacitor is connected in parallel with the sixth capacitor. The positive power supply terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the connection point of the first inductor and the sixth capacitor, and the connection point of the seventh capacitor and the sixth capacitor is connected to the fourth AGND terminal.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first current-to-voltage conversion circuit includes a first switch and an eighth resistor. The eighth resistor is connected to the connection point of the third zero resistor and the first seven resistors. The first switch is connected to the eighth resistor. The first switch is connected to the connection point of the first signal negative input terminal and the fourth switch.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the signal conversion circuit for the input / output signals further includes a first nine-resistor and a seventh switch. The first nine resistors are connected at the connection point of the second eight resistors and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier. The first nine resistors are connected to the seventh switch, and the seventh switch is connected to the second conversion circuit.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second conversion circuit includes a second input circuit, a second operational amplifier circuit, and a second output circuit. The second input circuit includes a second positive input terminal, a second negative input terminal, a fifth AGND terminal, a third resistor, a fifth switch, and a first zero resistor. The second negative input terminal is connected to the fifth switch, the fifth switch is connected to the first zero resistor, the first zero resistor is connected to the fifth AGND terminal, and the second positive input terminal is connected to the third resistor. The second operational amplifier circuit includes a second zero resistor, a second seven resistor, and a second operational amplifier. The second zero resistor is connected to the connection point of the negative input terminal of the second signal and the fifth switch. The second zero resistor is connected to the second seven resistor. The output terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the second seven resistor. The connection point of the second zero resistor and the second seven resistor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier. The seventh switch is connected to the connection point of the fifth switch and the second zero resistor. The second output circuit includes a sixth AGND terminal, a VN terminal, a second ninth resistor, and an eighth capacitor. The VN terminal is connected to the second ninth resistor, which is connected to the connection point of the output terminal of the second operational amplifier and the second seventh resistor. The eighth capacitor is connected to the connection point of the VN terminal and the second ninth resistor, and is also connected to the sixth AGND terminal.

[0012] The technical solution of the present invention also relates to a signal conversion method for input and output signals, comprising the following steps: S100, a signal conversion circuit based on input and output signals, inputs a single-ended signal from the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal of the first signal, closes the fourth switch, and amplifies the input single-ended signal by matching the first eight resistors and the second six resistors, and in conjunction with the first operational amplifier, thereby outputting a single-ended signal at the VP terminal; S200. Based on the signal conversion circuit of the input and output signals, the differential signal is input from the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal of the first signal, the fourth switch is turned on, and the first eight resistors and the second six resistors are matched with the first operational amplifier to amplify the input differential signal, thereby outputting a single-ended signal at the VP terminal.

[0013] The present invention also relates to a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the processor executes the method described above when executing a computer program stored in the memory.

[0014] The present invention also relates to a computer-readable storage medium having program instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implement the method described above.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention include: the signal conversion circuit for input and output signals includes a first conversion circuit and a second conversion circuit. The first conversion circuit includes a first input circuit, a first operational amplifier circuit, a first bias voltage circuit, a first current-to-voltage conversion circuit, and a first output circuit. The first input circuit is connected to the first operational amplifier circuit, the first operational amplifier circuit is connected to the first output circuit, the first input circuit is connected to the first current-to-voltage conversion circuit, and the first bias voltage circuit is connected to the connection point of the first input circuit and the first operational amplifier circuit. The second conversion circuit is connected to the connection point of the first operational amplifier circuit and the first output circuit. The first input circuit is used to select the type of input signal and receive the input signal; the first operational amplifier circuit is used to amplify the input signal by a preset amplification factor; the first output circuit is used to output the output signal; the first bias voltage circuit is used to adjust the bias voltage of the first operational amplifier circuit; and the first current-to-voltage conversion circuit is used to adjust the type of output signal.

[0016] By using a signal conversion circuit for input and output signals, single-ended and differential input signals can be converted into single-ended or differential output signals as needed. This invention, through a second conversion circuit, a first input circuit, a first operational amplifier circuit, a first bias voltage circuit, a first current-to-voltage conversion circuit, and a first output circuit, achieves compatibility and flexible conversion capabilities for multiple signal types, avoiding the hassle of designing separate circuits for different input / output signals and greatly simplifying the design complexity of signal processing systems. Through the design of selected resistors and matching component parameters, it can adapt to diverse input signal types and precisely control the amplification factor and bandwidth of the output signal, ensuring the accuracy and adaptability of signal conversion and providing effective support for subsequent signal acquisition, transmission, and processing.

[0017] Furthermore, additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the signal conversion circuit for input and output signals in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the signal conversion circuit for input and output signals in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the signal conversion circuit for input and output signals in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a signal flow diagram of the signal conversion circuit for input and output signals in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is an optional flowchart of the signal conversion method for input and output signals in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] The above figures include the following reference numerals: 100, First input circuit; INT1+, First signal positive input terminal; INT1-, First signal negative input terminal; R30, Third zero resistor; SW4, Fourth switch; R9, Ninth resistor; 200, First operational amplifier circuit; R18, First eight-resistor; R26, Second six-resistor; U1, First operational amplifier; R16, First six-resistor; R17, First seven-resistor; C3, Third capacitor; C6, Sixth capacitor; C7, Seventh capacitor; L1, First inductor; 300, First output circuit; R28, Second resistor; C5, Fifth capacitor; 400, First bias voltage circuit; SW6, Sixth switch; R13, First three resistors; R15, First five resistors; C2, Second capacitor; 500, First current-to-voltage conversion circuit; SW1, First switch; R8, Eighth resistor; R19, First ninth resistor; SW7, Seventh switch; 600, Second input circuit; INT2+, Second signal positive input terminal; INT2-, Second signal negative input terminal; R31, Third resistor; SW5, Fifth switch; R10, First zero resistor; 700, Second operational amplifier circuit; R20, Second zero resistor; R27, Second seven resistor; U2, Second operational amplifier; R21, Second one resistor; R22, Second two resistor; C4, Fourth capacitor; 800, Second output circuit; R29, Second ninth resistor; C8, Eighth capacitor; 900, Second bias voltage circuit; SW8, Eighth switch; R25, Second fifth resistor; R24, Second fourth resistor; 1000, Second current-to-voltage conversion circuit; SW2, Second switch; R7, Seventh resistor; C1, First capacitor. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the concept, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, solution, and effects of the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0025] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, when a feature is referred to as "fixed" or "connected" to another feature, it can be directly fixed or connected to the other feature, or indirectly fixed or connected to the other feature. Furthermore, the descriptions of "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "top," and "bottom" used in this invention are only relative to the relative positional relationships of the various components of the invention in the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Furthermore, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and not for limiting the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any combination of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0027] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used to describe various elements in this invention, these elements should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish elements of the same type from each other. For example, a first element may also be referred to as a second element without departing from the scope of this invention, and similarly, a second element may also be referred to as a first element.

[0028] Reference Figures 1 to 4 In some embodiments, the signal conversion circuit for the input and output signals of the technical solution of the present invention includes: The first conversion circuit includes a first input circuit 100, a first operational amplifier circuit 200, a first bias voltage circuit 400, a first current-to-voltage conversion circuit 500, and a first output circuit 300. The first input circuit 100 is connected to the first operational amplifier circuit 200, the first operational amplifier circuit 200 is connected to the first output circuit 300, the first input circuit 100 is connected to the first current-to-voltage conversion circuit 500, and the first bias voltage circuit 400 is connected to the connection point of the first input circuit 100 and the first operational amplifier circuit 200. The second conversion circuit is connected to the connection point of the first operational amplifier circuit 200 and the first output circuit 300. The first input circuit 100 is used to select the type of input signal and receive the input signal; the first operational amplifier circuit 200 is used to amplify the input signal by a preset amplification factor; the first output circuit 300 is used to output the output signal; the first bias voltage circuit 400 is used to adjust the bias voltage of the first operational amplifier circuit 200; and the first current-to-voltage conversion circuit 500 is used to adjust the type of output signal.

[0029] Specifically, if the output signal is a single-ended signal, only the first conversion circuit is needed; if the output signal is a differential signal, the seventh switch SW7 is closed, and the differential signal is output through the second conversion circuit and the first conversion circuit. That is, the conversion between single-ended and differential signals is controlled by controlling the seventh switch SW7.

[0030] In some embodiments, the first input circuit 100 includes a first positive input terminal INT1+, a first negative input terminal INT1-, a first AGND terminal, a third zero resistor R30, a fourth switch SW4, and a ninth resistor R9. The first negative input terminal INT1- is connected to the fourth switch SW4, the fourth switch SW4 is connected to the ninth resistor R9, the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the first AGND terminal, and the first positive input terminal INT1+ is connected to the third zero resistor R30. The first operational amplifier circuit 200 includes a first eight-resistor R18, a second six-resistor R26, and a first operational amplifier U1. The first eight-resistor R18 is connected to the connection point of the first signal negative input terminal INT1- and the fourth switch SW4. The first eight-resistor R18 is connected to the second six-resistor R26. The output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to the second six-resistor R26. The connection point of the first eight-resistor R18 and the second six-resistor R26 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1. The first output circuit 300 includes a second AGND terminal, a VP terminal, a second octet resistor R28, and a fifth capacitor C5. The VP terminal is connected to the second octet resistor R28. The second octet resistor R28 is connected to the connection point of the output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 and the second octet resistor R26. The fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the connection point of the VP terminal and the second octet resistor R28. The fifth capacitor C5 is also connected to the second AGND terminal.

[0031] As can be seen, the signal conversion circuit for input and output signals can convert single-ended and differential input signals into single-ended or differential output signals as needed. This invention achieves compatibility and flexible conversion capabilities for multiple signal types through the fourth switch SW4, the first operational amplifier U1, the first eight-resistor R18, and the second six-resistor R26, avoiding the hassle of designing separate circuits for different input / output signals and greatly simplifying the design complexity of the signal processing system. By selecting and matching the parameters of the resistors, it can adapt to various input signal types and precisely control the amplification factor and bandwidth of the output signal, ensuring the accuracy and adaptability of signal conversion and providing effective support for subsequent signal acquisition, transmission, and processing.

[0032] In some embodiments, the first operational amplifier circuit 200 includes a first six-resistor R16 and a first seven-resistor R17. The first seven resistor R17 is connected to the third zero resistor R30. The first seven resistor R17 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1. The first six resistor R16 is connected to the connection point of the first seven resistor R17 and the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first bias voltage circuit 400 includes a first VREF terminal, a third AGND terminal, a sixth switch SW6, a first three-resistor R13, and a first five-resistor R15. The first six resistor R16 is connected to the sixth switch SW6, the sixth switch SW6 is connected to the first VREF terminal, the first five resistor R15 is connected to the connection point of the first six resistor R16 and the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1, the first five resistor R15 is connected to the first three resistor R13, the first three resistor R13 is connected to the third AGND terminal, and the negative power supply terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to the connection point of the first three resistor R13 and the third AGND terminal.

[0034] In a specific embodiment, the first conversion circuit includes a second capacitor C2, which is connected to the connection point of the first five-resistor R15 and the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1, and the connection point of the second capacitor C2 to the connection point of the first five-resistor R15 and the first three-resistor R13.

[0035] In some embodiments, the first operational amplifier circuit 200 includes a fourth AGND terminal, a third capacitor C3, a sixth capacitor C6, a seventh capacitor C7, and a first inductor L1. One end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the connection point of the first eight resistor R18 and the second six resistor R26. The other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 and the connection point of the second six resistor R26. The first inductor L1 is connected to the sixth capacitor C6. The seventh capacitor C7 is connected in parallel with the sixth capacitor C6. The positive power supply terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to the connection point of the first inductor L1 and the sixth capacitor C6. The connection point of the seventh capacitor C7 and the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the fourth AGND terminal.

[0036] In some embodiments, the first current-to-voltage conversion circuit 500 includes a first switch SW1 and an eighth resistor R8. The eighth resistor R8 is connected to the connection point of the third zero resistor R30 and the first seven resistor R17. The first switch SW1 is connected to the eighth resistor R8. The first switch SW1 is connected to the connection point of the first signal negative input terminal INT1- and the fourth switch SW4.

[0037] In some embodiments, the signal conversion circuit for input / output signals further includes a first nine-resistor R19 and a seventh switch SW7. The first nine resistor R19 is connected to the connection point of the second eight resistor R28 and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1. The first nine resistor R19 is connected to the seventh switch SW7, and the seventh switch SW7 is connected to the second conversion circuit.

[0038] In some embodiments, the second conversion circuit includes a second input circuit 600, a second operational amplifier circuit 700, and a second output circuit 800. The second input circuit 600 includes a second positive input terminal INT2+, a second negative input terminal INT2-, a fifth AGND terminal, a third resistor R31, a fifth switch SW5, and a first zero resistor R10. The second negative input terminal INT2- is connected to the fifth switch SW5, the fifth switch SW5 is connected to the first zero resistor R10, the first zero resistor R10 is connected to the fifth AGND terminal, and the second positive input terminal INT2+ is connected to the third resistor R31. The second operational amplifier circuit 700 includes a second zero resistor R20, a second seven resistor R27, and a second operational amplifier U2. The second zero resistor R20 is connected to the connection point of the second negative input terminal INT2- and the fifth switch SW5. The second zero resistor R20 is connected to the second seven resistor R27. The output terminal of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected to the second seven resistor R27. The connection point of the second zero resistor R20 and the second seven resistor R27 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier U2. The seventh switch SW7 is connected to the connection point of the fifth switch SW5 and the second zero resistor R20. The second output circuit 800 includes a sixth AGND terminal, a VN terminal, a second ninth resistor R29, and an eighth capacitor C8. The VN terminal is connected to the second ninth resistor R29. The second ninth resistor R29 is connected to the connection point of the output terminal of the second operational amplifier U2 and the second seventh resistor R27. The eighth capacitor C8 is connected to the connection point of the VN terminal and the second ninth resistor R29. The eighth capacitor C8 is also connected to the sixth AGND terminal.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, the second conversion circuit includes a second input circuit 600, a second operational amplifier circuit 700, a second bias voltage circuit 900, a second current-to-voltage conversion circuit 1000, and a second output circuit 800. The second input circuit 600 is connected to the second operational amplifier circuit 700, the second operational amplifier circuit 700 is connected to the second output circuit 800, the second input circuit 600 is connected to the second current-to-voltage conversion circuit 1000, the second bias voltage circuit 900 is connected to the connection point of the second input circuit 600 and the second operational amplifier circuit 700, and the connection point of the second input circuit 600 and the second operational amplifier circuit 700 is connected to the connection point of the first operational amplifier circuit 200 and the first output circuit 300. The second input circuit 600 is used to select the type of input signal and receive the input signal; the second operational amplifier circuit 700 is used to amplify the input signal by a preset amplification factor and adjust the type of output signal; the second output circuit 800 is used to output the output signal; the second bias voltage circuit 900 is used to adjust the bias voltage of the second operational amplifier circuit 700; and the second current-to-voltage conversion circuit 1000 is used to adjust the type of output signal.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, the second operational amplifier circuit 700 includes a second resistor R21 and a second resistor R22. The second resistor R21 is connected to a third resistor R31. The second resistor R21 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier U2. The second resistor R22 is connected to the connection point of the second resistor R21 and the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier U2.

[0041] In a specific embodiment, the second conversion circuit includes a second bias voltage circuit 900, which includes a second VREF terminal, a seventh AGND terminal, an eighth switch SW8, a second fifth resistor R25, and a second fourth resistor R24. The second second resistor R22 is connected to the eighth switch SW8, which is connected to the second VREF terminal. The second fourth resistor R24 ​​is connected to the connection point of the second second resistor R22 and the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier U2. The second fourth resistor R24 ​​is connected to the second fifth resistor R25, which is connected to the seventh AGND terminal.

[0042] Furthermore, the second conversion circuit includes a first capacitor C1, which is connected to the connection point of the second four resistors R24 and the non-inverting input of the second operational amplifier U2, and the first capacitor C1 is connected to the connection point of the second five resistors R25 and the second four resistors R24.

[0043] Specifically, the first AGND terminal, the second AGND terminal, the third AGND terminal, the fourth AGND terminal, the fifth AGND terminal, the sixth AGND terminal, and the seventh AGND terminal all represent AGND, which stands for Analog Ground. The first VREF terminal and the second VREF terminal both represent VREF, which (Voltage Reference) is a calibrated, high-precision voltage value used as a reference point in the circuit. The core characteristic of VREF is stability, and it is generally unaffected by factors such as temperature and power supply fluctuations. VP (Positive Differential Voltage) refers to the voltage value on the positive signal line in the differential pair, and is the "positive" reference terminal of the differential signal. VN (Negative Differential Voltage) refers to the voltage value on the negative signal line in the differential pair, and is the "negative" reference terminal of the differential signal. VP and VN constitute a differential pair, which has the characteristics of strong anti-interference ability and high common-mode voltage tolerance.

[0044] In a specific embodiment, the second operational amplifier circuit 700 includes a fourth capacitor C4. One end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the connection point of the second zero resistor R20 and the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier U2, and the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the connection point of the output terminal of the second operational amplifier U2 and the second seven resistor R27.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, the second conversion circuit includes a second current-to-voltage conversion circuit 1000, which includes a second switch SW2 and a seventh resistor R7. The seventh resistor R7 is connected to the connection point of the third resistor R31 and the second resistor R21. The second switch SW2 is connected to the seventh resistor R7 and to the connection point of the second signal negative input terminal INT2- and the fifth switch SW5.

[0046] It is understood that this invention provides a signal conversion circuit compatible with single-ended and differential input signals in voltage and current forms, which, after conversion by an operational amplifier, allows selection of single-ended or differential output types. This circuit can effectively solve the problem of mismatch between different types of input signals (voltage, current, single-ended, differential) and output requirements (single-ended, differential) in most applications requiring input signal processing, eliminating the need for separate circuit design for each signal combination. Simultaneously, by adjusting the parameters of key components, the amplification factor and output bandwidth of the signal can be precisely controlled, ensuring that the converted signal meets the requirements of subsequent acquisition, transmission, or processing stages. Ultimately, this simplifies the design complexity of the signal processing system and improves the overall adaptability and accuracy of signal processing.

[0047] Reference Figure 5 In some embodiments, the signal conversion method for input / output signals of the present invention, applied to the aforementioned signal conversion circuit for input / output signals, includes at least the following steps: S100, a signal conversion circuit based on input and output signals, inputs a single-ended signal from the first signal positive input terminal INT1+ and the first signal negative input terminal INT1-, closes the fourth switch SW4, and amplifies the input single-ended signal by matching the first eight resistor R18 and the second six resistor R26 with the first operational amplifier U1, thereby outputting a single-ended signal at the VP terminal; S200, a signal conversion circuit based on input and output signals, inputs the differential signal from the positive input terminal INT1+ and the negative input terminal INT1- of the first signal, turns on the fourth switch SW4, and amplifies the input differential signal by matching the first eight resistor R18 and the second six resistor R26 with the first operational amplifier U1, thereby outputting a single-ended signal at the VP terminal.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, the signal conversion method for input and output signals includes: Based on the signal conversion circuit of input and output signals, the single-ended signal is input from the positive input terminal INT1+ and the negative input terminal INT1- of the first signal. The fourth switch SW4 is closed, and the input single-ended signal is amplified by matching the first eight resistor R18 and the second six resistor R26 with the first operational amplifier U1, so as to output the single-ended signal at the VP terminal. Based on the signal conversion circuit of input and output signals, the single-ended signal is input from the first signal positive input terminal INT1+ and the first signal negative input terminal INT1-. The fourth switch SW4 is closed, matching the first seven resistor R17, the first eight resistor R18, the first six resistor R16 and the second six resistor R26, and with the first operational amplifier U1, when the resistance values ​​of the first seven resistor R17, the first eight resistor R18 and the first six resistor R16 and the second six resistor R26 are the same, the positive terminal of the differential signal is output at the VP terminal; the seventh switch SW7 is closed, the fifth switch SW5 is opened, matching the second zero resistor R20, the second one resistor R21, the second seven resistor R27 and the second two resistor R22, and with the second operational amplifier U2, when the resistance values ​​of the second zero resistor R20, the second one resistor R21 and the second seven resistor R27 and the second two resistor R22 are the same, the negative terminal of the differential signal is output at the VN terminal; The signal conversion circuit based on input and output signals inputs the differential signal from the positive input terminal INT1+ and the negative input terminal INT1- of the first signal. The fourth switch SW4 is turned on, and the first eight resistor R18 and the second six resistor R26 are matched with the first operational amplifier U1 to amplify the input differential signal, thereby outputting a single-ended signal at the VP terminal. Based on the signal conversion circuit of input and output signals, the differential signal is input from the positive input terminal INT1+ and the negative input terminal INT1- of the first signal. The fourth switch SW4 is opened, matching the first eight resistor R18, the second six resistor R26, the first six resistor R16, and the first seven resistor R17. Combined with the first operational amplifier U1, when the resistance values ​​of the first eight resistor R18, the second six resistor R26, the first six resistor R16, and the first seven resistor R17 are the same, the positive terminal of the differential signal is output at the VP terminal. The seventh switch SW7 is closed, the fifth switch SW5 is opened, matching the second zero resistor R20, the second one resistor R21, the second seven resistor R27, and the second two resistor R22. Combined with the second operational amplifier U2, when the resistance values ​​of the second zero resistor R20, the second one resistor R21, the second seven resistor R27, and the second two resistor R22 are the same, the negative terminal of the differential signal is output at the VN terminal.

[0049] Specifically, the main components of the signal conversion circuit include a current-to-voltage conversion section, an offset voltage setting section, an operational amplifier section, and an output section.

[0050] Current-to-voltage conversion section: The first switch SW1 and the eighth resistor R8 constitute a current-to-voltage conversion circuit (i.e., the aforementioned first current-to-voltage conversion circuit 500). When the first switch SW1 is closed, the signal input terminals (the first positive input terminal INT1+ and the first negative input terminal INT1-) can convert the input current signal into a voltage signal. The fourth switch SW4 can be selected to be open or closed depending on whether the input signal is single-ended or differential.

[0051] Offset voltage setting section: The sixth switch SW6 and the first three resistors R13, the first five resistors R15, and the first six resistors R16 constitute the first bias voltage circuit 400. The sixth switch SW6 selects whether to enable the offset voltage setting, matches the resistance values ​​of the first three resistors R13, the first five resistors R15, and the first six resistors R16, and adjusts the bias voltage at the non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier U1.

[0052] Operational Amplification Section: The first operational amplifier U1, along with external resistors and capacitors, constitutes the first operational amplifier circuit 200. The gain is determined by matching the resistance values ​​of the first eight resistors R18 and the second six resistors R26.

[0053] Output section: The second resistor R28 and the fifth capacitor C5 constitute the first output circuit 300. By changing the resistance value of the second resistor R28 and the capacitance value of the fifth capacitor C5, the bandwidth of the output signal is limited, and the signal is output through the VP terminal.

[0054] Specifically, based on the signal conversion circuit, it realizes the conversion of various signal types such as single-ended to single-ended, single-ended to differential, differential to single-ended, and differential to differential. Single-ended to single-ended (single-ended signal to single-ended signal): The single-ended signal is input from the positive input terminal INT1+ and the negative input terminal INT1- of the first signal, grounded by closing the fourth switch SW4, matching the resistance values ​​of the first eight resistor R18 and the second six resistor R26, and amplified by the first operational amplifier U1. The gain calculation formula is as follows: , In the formula, The amplification factor of the first operational amplifier circuit. This is the resistance value of the second resistor. This is the resistance value of the first eight resistors; By turning on the seventh switch SW7, a single-ended signal is output from the VP terminal, achieving single-ended-to-single-ended signal conversion. Through the first conversion circuit, a second conversion circuit is configured, allowing two single-ended signals to be input from the first signal positive input terminal INT1+, the first signal negative input terminal INT1-, and the second signal positive input terminal INT2+, the second signal negative input terminal INT2-, respectively. Single-ended signals are then output from the VP and VN terminals respectively, ultimately achieving the conversion between two single-ended signals.

[0055] Single-ended to differential (single-ended signal to differential signal): The single-ended signal is input from the positive input terminal INT1+ and the negative input terminal INT1- of the first signal, and grounded by closing the fourth switch SW4. By matching the resistance values ​​of the first seven resistor R17, the first eight resistor R18, the first six resistor R16, and the second six resistor R26, and matching the first operational amplifier U1, when the resistance values ​​of the first seven resistor R17, the first eight resistor R18, the first six resistor R16, and the second six resistor R26 are the same, i.e., R17=R18 and R26=R16, a differential amplifier circuit is formed. The gain calculation formula for the differential amplifier circuit is as follows: , In the formula, The amplification factor of the first operational amplifier circuit. This is the resistance value of the second resistor. This is the resistance value of the first eight resistors; The positive terminal of the differential signal is output at the VP terminal. By closing the seventh switch SW7, the signal is led to the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier U2, and the fifth switch SW5 is opened to disconnect the signal from ground. By matching the second zero resistor R20, the second one resistor R21, the second seven resistor R27, and the second two resistor R22, and matching the second operational amplifier U2, when the resistance values ​​of the second zero resistor R20, the second one resistor R21, the second seven resistor R27, and the second two resistor R22 are the same, that is, R20=R21 and R27=R22, a differential amplifier circuit is formed. The gain calculation formula is expressed as follows: , In the formula, This is the amplification factor of the second operational amplifier circuit. This is the resistance value of the second seven resistor. This is the resistance value of the second zero resistance; The negative terminal of the differential signal is output at the VN terminal, thus ultimately realizing the conversion of a single-ended signal into a differential signal.

[0056] Differential-to-single-ended (differential signal to single-ended signal): The differential signal is input from the positive input terminal INT1+ and the negative input terminal INT1- of the first signal, opening the fourth switch SW4. By matching the resistance values ​​of the first eight resistor R18 and the second six resistor R26, and in conjunction with the first operational amplifier U1, the input signal is amplified. The gain calculation formula is as follows: , In the formula, The amplification factor of the first operational amplifier circuit. This is the resistance value of the second resistor. This is the resistance value of the first eight resistors; By turning on the seventh switch SW7, the differential-to-single-ended signal conversion is finally achieved, and one single-ended signal is output at the VP terminal. By configuring the second conversion circuit, the two differential signals are input from the first signal positive input terminal INT1+, the first signal negative input terminal INT1-, the second signal positive input terminal INT2+, and the second signal negative input terminal INT2-, respectively, and two single-ended signals are output at the VP and VN terminals, thus achieving the conversion of two differential-to-single-ended signals.

[0057] Differential-to-differential (differential signal to differential signal): The differential signal is input from the positive input terminal INT1+ and the negative input terminal INT1- of the first signal, opening the fourth switch SW4. By matching the resistance values ​​of the first eight resistor R18, the second six resistor R26, the first six resistor R16, and the first seven resistor R17, and in conjunction with the first operational amplifier U1, the input signal is amplified. When the resistance values ​​of the first eight resistor R18, the second six resistor R26, and the first six resistor R16, the first seven resistor R17 are the same, i.e., R18=R26 and R16=R17, a differential amplifier circuit is formed. The gain calculation formula is as follows: , In the formula, The amplification factor of the first operational amplifier circuit. This is the resistance value of the second resistor. This is the resistance value of the first eight resistors; The positive terminal of the differential signal is output at the VP terminal. Close the seventh switch SW7 to bring the signal to the inverting input of the second operational amplifier U2, and open the fifth switch SW5. By matching the second zero resistor R20, the second first resistor R21, the second seventh resistor R27, and the second second resistor R22, when the resistance values ​​of the second zero resistor R20, the second first resistor R21, the second seventh resistor R27, and the second second resistor R22 are the same, a differential amplifier circuit is formed. The gain calculation formula is as follows: , In the formula, This is the amplification factor of the second operational amplifier circuit. This is the resistance value of the second seven resistor. This is the resistance value of the second zero resistance; When paired with the second operational amplifier U2, the negative terminal of the differential signal is output at the VN terminal, thus realizing the conversion of differential signal to differential signal.

[0058] See Figure 3 , Figure 3 For a specific application example, the input signal is a single-ended voltage signal with a magnitude of 0-6V, the bias voltage VREF is 1.5V, and the output signal is a differential signal with a magnitude of 0-3V. Specific resistor matching is as follows... Figure 3 As shown.

[0059] It should be understood that the signal conversion circuit of this invention integrates current-to-voltage conversion, bias voltage regulation, operational amplification, and output bandwidth limiting functions into a single circuit structure. This allows for the on-demand conversion of single-ended and differential input signals in voltage / current form into single-ended or differential output signals. This circuit achieves compatibility and flexible conversion capabilities for multiple signal types, avoiding the hassle of designing separate circuits for different input / output signals and greatly simplifying the design complexity of signal processing systems. By selecting and soldering resistors and matching component parameters, it can adapt to various input signal types and precisely control the amplification factor and bandwidth of the output signal, ensuring the accuracy and adaptability of signal conversion and providing effective support for subsequent signal acquisition, transmission, and processing.

[0060] This invention also provides a computer device including a memory and a processor, wherein the processor performs the above-described method when executing a computer program stored in the memory.

[0061] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing program instructions thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implement the method described above.

[0062] It should be understood that the method steps in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented or carried out by computer hardware, a combination of hardware and software, or by computer instructions stored in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The method can use standard programming techniques. Each program can be implemented in a high-level procedural or object-oriented programming language to communicate with the computer system. However, if necessary, the program can be implemented in assembly or machine language. In any case, the language can be a compiled or interpreted language. Furthermore, for this purpose, the program can run on a programmed application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0063] Furthermore, the procedures described herein may be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by the context. The procedures described herein (or variations and / or combinations thereof) may be executed under the control of one or more computer systems configured with executable instructions, and may be implemented by hardware or a combination thereof as code (e.g., executable instructions, one or more computer programs, or one or more applications) that commonly executes on one or more processors. The computer program comprises a plurality of instructions executable by one or more processors.

[0064] Furthermore, the method can be implemented in any suitable type of computing platform, including but not limited to personal computers, minicomputers, mainframes, workstations, networked or distributed computing environments, standalone or integrated computer platforms, or in communication with charged particle tools or other imaging devices, etc. Aspects of the invention can be implemented as machine-readable code stored on a non-transitory storage medium or device, whether removable or integrated into a computing platform, such as a hard disk, optical read and / or write storage medium, RAM, ROM, etc., such that it is readable by a programmable computer, and when the storage medium or device is read by the computer, it can be used to configure and operate the computer to perform the processes described herein. Furthermore, the machine-readable code, or portions thereof, can be transmitted via wired or wireless networks. The invention described herein includes these and other different types of non-transitory computer-readable storage media when such media comprises instructions or programs that implement the steps described above in conjunction with a microprocessor or other data processor. When programmed according to the methods and techniques described in the invention, the invention may also include the computer itself.

[0065] A computer program can be applied to input data to perform the functions described herein, thereby transforming the input data to generate output data stored in non-volatile memory. The output information can also be applied to one or more output devices, such as a display. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the transformed data represents physical and tangible objects, including specific visual depictions of physical and tangible objects generated on the display.

[0066] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, as long as they achieve the technical effects of the present invention by the same means, should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Within the scope of protection of the present invention, the technical solutions and / or implementation methods can have various modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A signal conversion circuit for input / output signals, characterized in that, include: The first conversion circuit includes a first input circuit (100), a first operational amplifier circuit (200), a first bias voltage circuit (400), a first current-to-voltage conversion circuit (500), and a first output circuit (300). The first input circuit (100) is connected to the first operational amplifier circuit (200), the first operational amplifier circuit (200) is connected to the first output circuit (300), the first input circuit (100) is connected to the first current-to-voltage conversion circuit (500), and the first bias voltage circuit (400) is connected to the connection point of the first input circuit (100) and the first operational amplifier circuit (200). The second conversion circuit is connected at the connection point between the first operational amplifier circuit (200) and the first output circuit (300); The first input circuit (100) is used to select the type of input signal and receive the input signal; the first operational amplifier circuit (200) is used to amplify the input signal by a preset amplification factor; the first output circuit (300) is used to output the output signal; the first bias voltage circuit (400) is used to adjust the bias voltage of the first operational amplifier circuit (200); and the first current-to-voltage conversion circuit (500) is used to adjust the type of output signal.

2. The signal conversion circuit for input / output signals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first input circuit (100) includes a first positive input terminal (INT1+), a first negative input terminal (INT1-), a first AGND terminal, a third zero resistor (R30), a fourth switch (SW4), and a ninth resistor (R9). The first negative input terminal (INT1-) is connected to the fourth switch (SW4), the fourth switch (SW4) is connected to the ninth resistor (R9), the ninth resistor (R9) is connected to the first AGND terminal, and the first positive input terminal (INT1+) is connected to the third zero resistor (R30). The first operational amplifier circuit (200) includes a first eight resistor (R18), a second six resistor (R26), and a first operational amplifier (U1). The first eight resistor (R18) is connected to the connection point of the first signal negative input terminal (INT1-) and the fourth switch (SW4). The first eight resistor (R18) is connected to the second six resistor (R26). The output terminal of the first operational amplifier (U1) is connected to the second six resistor (R26). The connection point of the first eight resistor (R18) and the second six resistor (R26) is connected to the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier (U1). The first output circuit (300) includes a second AGND terminal, a VP terminal, a second octet resistor (R28), and a fifth capacitor (C5). The VP terminal is connected to the second octet resistor (R28), the second octet resistor (R28) is connected to the connection point of the output terminal of the first operational amplifier (U1) and the second octet resistor (R26), the fifth capacitor (C5) is connected to the connection point of the VP terminal and the second octet resistor (R28), and the fifth capacitor (C5) is connected to the second AGND terminal.

3. The signal conversion circuit for input / output signals according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first operational amplifier circuit (200) includes a first six resistor (R16) and a first seven resistor (R17). The first seven resistor (R17) is connected to the third zero resistor (R30), the first seven resistor (R17) is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier (U1), and the first six resistor (R16) is connected to the connection point of the first seven resistor (R17) and the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier (U1).

4. The signal conversion circuit for input / output signals according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first bias voltage circuit (400) includes a first VREF terminal, a third AGND terminal, a sixth switch (SW6), a first three-resistor (R13), and a first five-resistor (R15). The first six resistor (R16) is connected to the sixth switch (SW6), the sixth switch (SW6) is connected to the first VREF terminal, the first five resistor (R15) is connected to the connection point of the first six resistor (R16) and the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier (U1), the first five resistor (R15) is connected to the first three resistor (R13), the first three resistor (R13) is connected to the third AGND terminal, and the negative power supply terminal of the first operational amplifier (U1) is connected to the connection point of the first three resistor (R13) and the third AGND terminal.

5. The signal conversion circuit for input / output signals according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first operational amplifier circuit (200) includes a fourth AGND terminal, a third capacitor (C3), a sixth capacitor (C6), a seventh capacitor (C7), and a first inductor (L1). One end of the third capacitor (C3) is connected to the connection point of the first eight resistors (R18) and the second six resistors (R26). The other end of the third capacitor (C3) is connected to the connection point of the output terminal of the first operational amplifier (U1) and the second six resistors (R26). The first inductor (L1) is connected to the sixth capacitor (C6). The seventh capacitor (C7) is connected in parallel with the sixth capacitor (C6). The positive power supply terminal of the first operational amplifier (U1) is connected to the connection point of the first inductor (L1) and the sixth capacitor (C6). The connection point of the seventh capacitor (C7) and the sixth capacitor (C6) is connected to the fourth AGND terminal.

6. The signal conversion circuit for input / output signals according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first current-to-voltage conversion circuit (500) includes a first switch (SW1) and an eighth resistor (R8). The eighth resistor (R8) is connected to the connection point of the third zero resistor (R30) and the first seven resistor (R17). The first switch (SW1) is connected to the eighth resistor (R8). The first switch (SW1) is connected to the connection point of the first signal negative input terminal (INT1-) and the fourth switch (SW4).

7. The signal conversion circuit for input / output signals according to claim 2, characterized in that, The signal conversion circuit for the input and output signals also includes a first nine resistor (R19) and a seventh switch (SW7). The first nine resistor (R19) is connected to the connection point of the second eight resistor (R28) and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier (U1). The first nine resistor (R19) is connected to the seventh switch (SW7), and the seventh switch (SW7) is connected to the second conversion circuit.

8. The signal conversion circuit for input / output signals according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second conversion circuit includes a second input circuit (600), a second operational amplifier circuit (700), and a second output circuit (800). The second input circuit (600) includes a second positive input terminal (INT2+), a second negative input terminal (INT2-), a fifth AGND terminal, a third resistor (R31), a fifth switch (SW5), and a first zero resistor (R10). The second negative input terminal (INT2-) is connected to the fifth switch (SW5), the fifth switch (SW5) is connected to the first zero resistor (R10), the first zero resistor (R10) is connected to the fifth AGND terminal, and the second positive input terminal (INT2+) is connected to the third resistor (R31). The second operational amplifier circuit (700) includes a second zero resistor (R20), a second seven resistor (R27), and a second operational amplifier (U2). The second zero resistor (R20) is connected to the connection point of the second signal negative input terminal (INT2-) and the fifth switch (SW5). The second zero resistor (R20) is connected to the second seven resistor (R27). The output terminal of the second operational amplifier (U2) is connected to the second seven resistor (R27). The connection point of the second zero resistor (R20) and the second seven resistor (R27) is connected to the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier (U2). The seventh switch (SW7) is connected to the connection point of the fifth switch (SW5) and the second zero resistor (R20). The second output circuit (800) includes a sixth AGND terminal, a VN terminal, a second nine resistor (R29), and an eighth capacitor (C8). The VN terminal is connected to the second nine resistor (R29), which is connected to the connection point of the output terminal of the second operational amplifier (U2) and the second seven resistor (R27). The eighth capacitor (C8) is connected to the connection point of the VN terminal and the second nine resistor (R29) and is also connected to the sixth AGND terminal.

9. A signal conversion method for input / output signals, applied to the signal conversion circuit for input / output signals as described in any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S100, a signal conversion circuit based on input and output signals, inputs a single-ended signal from the first signal positive input terminal (INT1+) and the first signal negative input terminal (INT1-), closes the fourth switch (SW4), and amplifies the input single-ended signal by matching the first eight resistors (R18) and the second six resistors (R26) with the first operational amplifier (U1), thereby outputting a single-ended signal at the VP terminal; S200. Based on the signal conversion circuit of the input and output signals, the differential signal is input from the positive input terminal (INT1+) and the negative input terminal (INT1-) of the first signal, the fourth switch (SW4) is turned on, and the first eight resistors (R18) and the second six resistors (R26) are matched with the first operational amplifier (U1) to amplify the input differential signal, thereby outputting a single-ended signal at the VP terminal.

10. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that, The processor performs the method of claim 9 when executing a computer program stored in the memory.

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