A high energy density electric heater for aerospace testing

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of electric heaters, in particular to a high-energy-density electric heater for aviation tests, which comprises a pressure-bearing pipe, one end of the pressure-bearing pipe is coaxially provided with an air outlet cone pipe, the other end is hingedly connected with an overhauling cover plate, the overhauling cover plate is provided with an air inlet, the pressure-bearing pipe is coaxially provided with an inner pipe, heat insulation supporting pieces for supporting and heat preservation are arranged between the inner pipe and the pressure-bearing pipe, the inner pipe is coaxially provided with a conical filter plate at one end close to the air outlet cone pipe, a plurality of filter holes are arranged in the filter plate, a junction box is arranged outside the pressure-bearing pipe, a plurality of mounting discs are coaxially arranged in the inner pipe along the axial direction, a plurality of resistance tubes are arranged through the mounting discs, the resistance tubes are electrically connected to the junction box, a temperature sensor is arranged on the pressure-bearing pipe, insulating pieces for insulation are arranged between the mounting discs and the resistance tubes, and pre-discharge pieces and a blockage clearing assembly are arranged on the pressure-bearing pipe. The application has the effects of high safety, strong adaptability, stable use performance and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electric heater technology, and in particular to a high-energy-density electric heater for aviation testing. Background Technology

[0002] A resistance tube electric heater, also known as a resistance tube electric heater, is an energy-saving industrial device that converts electrical energy into heat energy. Its core component is a metal tube, which heats the gaseous medium (such as filtered air) flowing within the tube. It is widely used in many research and production laboratories in aerospace, weaponry, chemical industries, and universities.

[0003] In scientific research and production laboratories, electric heaters often need to heat the air to a high temperature, and they also need to be easy to maintain. Therefore, the parts of the electric heater that need to be disassembled are usually connected by bolts and spring washers. The sealing is achieved by the machining precision of the contact surfaces of the parts to be connected. Under the effect of thermal expansion and contraction, the higher the safe operating temperature of the electric heater, the better its sealing effect.

[0004] However, traditional electric heaters have the following problems when operating in coastal cities: 1. When the electric heater stops working, gaps may easily appear between the parts that need to be disassembled due to the effect of thermal expansion and contraction. At this time, for scientific research and production laboratories located in coastal cities, salt water vapor in the environment can easily enter the interior of the electric heater, causing the insulation effect of the resistance tube inside the electric heater to decrease. At this time, directly starting the electric heater may easily lead to safety risks. 2. In the high-temperature environment created by the electric heater, salt vapor in the air will evaporate and precipitate salt crystals. These salt crystals will clog the filter screen at the outlet of the electric heater, thus hindering the flow of gas, affecting the use of subsequent equipment, and making maintenance more difficult, leading to increased investment costs. This is a drawback. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems of traditional electric heaters used in coastal cities, this application provides a high-energy-density electric heater for aviation testing.

[0006] The high-energy-density electric heater for aviation testing provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A high-energy-density electric heater for aviation testing includes a pressure-bearing tube. One end of the pressure-bearing tube has a coaxially arranged exhaust cone, and the other end is bolted with a maintenance cover plate. The maintenance cover plate has an air inlet. An inner tube is coaxially arranged inside the pressure-bearing tube. A heat-insulating support for support and insulation is provided between the inner tube and the pressure-bearing tube. A conical filter plate is coaxially arranged at the end of the inner tube near the exhaust cone, and the filter plate has several filter holes. A junction box is provided outside the pressure-bearing tube. Multiple... A mounting plate is provided, on which several resistance tubes are threaded. The resistance tubes are electrically connected to the junction box, and the axis of the resistance tubes is parallel to the axis of the inner tube. A temperature sensor is provided on the pressure-bearing tube to detect the temperature inside the inner tube near the filter plate. An insulating component is provided between the mounting plate and the resistance tubes for insulation. A pre-drainage component and a de-clogging component are provided on the pressure-bearing tube. The pre-drainage component is used to pre-drain humid air inside the pressure-bearing tube, and the de-clogging component is used to clean debris on the filter plate.

[0007] Optionally, the heat insulation support includes a central septum coaxially sleeved on the inner tube, and a plurality of elastic support cone rings sleeved on the central septum along its axial direction. The outer circumferential wall of the support cone rings is attached to the inner circumferential wall of the pressure-bearing tube. An inner guide tube is coaxially arranged inside the outlet cone tube, one end of the inner guide tube is sleeved on the end of the inner tube, and the end of the central septum near the filter plate is sleeved on the inner guide tube. A heat insulation layer is provided between the inner tube and the central septum, between the central septum and the pressure-bearing tube, and between the inner guide tube and the outlet cone tube.

[0008] Optionally, the insulating component includes a plurality of ceramic tubes slidably sleeved on the resistor tube, wherein each ceramic tube on the individual resistor tube corresponds one-to-one with the mounting plate, and there is a gap between the inner circumferential sidewall of the ceramic tube and the outer circumferential sidewall of the resistor tube.

[0009] Optionally, the pre-discharge component includes an air inlet pipe, a heating wire, and a waste outlet pipe. The air inlet pipe is located at the top of the pressure-bearing pipe, the waste outlet pipe passes through the air outlet cone pipe and communicates with the interior of the inner guide pipe, and the heating wire is close to the air inlet pipe.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, before starting the equipment, the external air supply equipment delivers filtered air into the pressure pipe through the air inlet pipe. As the air flows through the heating wire, the heating wire heats the air. Since the equipment connected to the air outlet cone of the pressure pipe and the equipment connected to the air inlet on the inspection cover are not working at this time, the heated air accumulates at the top of the pressure pipe. As outside air continues to flow in, the hot air at the top of the pressure pipe flows downward, expelling the salt-containing cold air inside the pressure pipe to the outside of the equipment through the waste pipe. After a period of time, the heating wire stops working, and both the air inlet and waste pipes are blocked. At this time, filtered air flows in through the air inlet, and the resistance tube is energized through the junction box. The ceramic tube blocks the resistance tube. The current flows to the mounting plate, and the current heats up the resistance tube as it flows through it. Under the insulation effect of the insulation layer, the temperature inside the pressure tube rises rapidly. During this process, the support cone ring can adapt to the deformation of the inner tube caused by the heat through its own deformation. The air is heated as it flows through the resistance tube. The temperature sensor constantly feeds back the temperature inside the inner tube. The heated air flows through the filter plate to the outlet cone tube. The salt-containing gas remaining in the pressure tube evaporates and precipitates salt crystals under the action of high temperature. The salt crystals flow with the air to the filter plate, which blocks the salt crystals. The cleaning component cleans the debris on the filter plate, thus ensuring that the heated air can pass smoothly through the filter holes on the filter plate.

[0011] Optionally, the unclogging assembly includes a vertical cylinder coaxially disposed within the inner guide tube, the vertical cylinder being located below the filter plate, the interior of the vertical cylinder being hollow and the top being open, the bottom of the vertical cylinder being connected to the sludge outlet pipe, a needle holder being vertically slidably disposed on the top of the sludge outlet pipe, the needle holder being provided with a plurality of perforated needles, the perforated needles corresponding one-to-one with the filter holes, the perforated needles being used to insert into the filter holes on the filter plate, and a driving component being provided on the vertical cylinder for driving the needle holder to slide vertically.

[0012] Optionally, the driving component includes a slag guide tube coaxially mounted on the filter plate, with a gap between the slag guide tube and the top of the vertical cylinder. A sliding tube is vertically slidably mounted on the vertical cylinder, and the sliding tube is coaxially slidably sleeved on the bottom of the slag guide tube. A needle holder is mounted on the sliding tube. A crossbar is mounted on the sliding tube between the slag guide tube and the vertical cylinder. A mounting frame is installed inside the slag guide tube. A shaft coaxial with the slag guide tube is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame. The bottom of the shaft rotates through the bottom of the vertical cylinder. An impeller is mounted at the bottom of the shaft. A scraper is mounted at the top of the shaft and is attached to the top surface of the filter plate. A lifting block is mounted on the shaft. A lifting inclined surface is formed at the top of the lifting block. The lifting inclined surface is used to abut against and slide with the crossbar. When the crossbar is about to separate from the lifting block, the top of the perforated needle on the needle holder is flush with the top surface of the filter plate.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the heated air flows through the inner guide pipe, causing the impeller to rotate. The rotating impeller drives the scraper and lifting block to rotate synchronously via the shaft. As the lifting block rotates with the shaft, the lifting ramp on the lifting block abuts against the crossbar. Under the pushing action of the lifting ramp on the lifting block, the crossbar drives the needle holder to slide vertically upward through the sliding tube. The perforated needles on the needle holder insert into the filter holes on the filter plate. Under the action of rotational inertia, the crossbar will pass over the lifting ramp on the lifting block and is about to separate from the lifting block. At this time, the top of the perforated needle will be flush with the surface of the top of the filter plate. At this time, the debris blocking the filter holes will be pushed out, and the scraper rotating with inertia will scrape away the debris from the surface of the top of the filter plate. Under the guiding action of the cone-shaped filter plate itself, the debris will fall into the vertical cylinder through the slag guide pipe and eventually flow into the sewage outlet pipe for temporary storage, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost of maintenance.

[0014] Optionally, a detachable baffle cone is provided on the inspection cover. The baffle cone is located between the air inlet and the pressure pipe. There is a gap between the baffle cone and the air inlet. The diameter of the baffle cone is larger than the diameter of the air inlet. Several ventilation holes are provided on the baffle cone.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the air filtered from the air inlet will be filled into the pressure pipe under the obstruction of the baffle cone, so that the air can pass through several resistance tubes evenly.

[0016] Optionally, the resistive tube includes a front-end tube and a rear-end tube. The front-end tube is located between the inspection cover and the rear-end tube. The inner diameter of the rear-end tube is the same as that of the front-end tube, and the outer diameter of the rear-end tube is larger than that of the front-end tube. The temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature at the middle position of the rear-end tube.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, according to the metal electric heating formula, the heating of the resistance tube is mainly concentrated at the rear tube, and the air heating temperature value measured by the temperature sensor is closer to the temperature at the outlet cone tube, thus making the temperature result at the outlet cone tube more accurate.

[0018] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: The external air supply equipment delivers filtered air into the pressure pipe through the air inlet pipe. As the air flows through the heating wire, the heating wire heats the air. Since the equipment connected to the air outlet cone of the pressure pipe and the equipment connected to the air inlet on the inspection cover are not working at this time, the heated air will accumulate at the top of the pressure pipe. As the outside air continues to flow in, the hot air at the top of the pressure pipe will flow downward, expelling the salt-containing cold air in the pressure pipe to the outside of the equipment through the sewage outlet pipe. As heated air flows through the inner guide tube, the airflow drives the impeller to rotate. The rotating impeller, via the shaft, drives the scraper and lifting block to rotate synchronously. As the lifting block rotates with the shaft, the lifting ramp on the lifting block abuts against the crossbar. Under the pushing action of the lifting ramp on the lifting block, the crossbar slides vertically upward through the sliding tube, causing the needle holder on the needle holder to insert into the filter holes on the filter plate. Due to rotational inertia, the crossbar passes over the lifting ramp on the lifting block and is about to separate from the lifting block when the top of the pore needle is flush with the top surface of the filter plate. At this point, the debris blocking the filter holes is pushed out, and the scraper, rotating with inertia, scrapes away the debris from the top surface of the filter plate. Guided by the cone shape of the filter plate itself, the debris falls into the vertical cylinder through the slag guide pipe and eventually flows into the sludge outlet pipe for temporary storage, thus reducing the difficulty and cost of maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view used in the embodiments of this application to illustrate the positional relationship between the pressure pipe, the inspection cover plate, and the vent cone pipe.

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of section A.

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of section B.

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of section C.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram illustrating the positional relationship between the electrode plate, the insulating ceramic, and the mounting plate in the embodiments of this application.

[0025] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of section D.

[0026] Figure 8 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of section E in the middle.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Pressure-bearing pipe; 2. Outlet cone pipe; 3. Inspection cover plate; 4. Inlet; 5. Inner pipe; 6. Thermal insulation support; 61. Middle septum pipe; 62. Support cone ring; 63. Inner guide pipe; 64. Insulation layer; 7. Filter plate; 8. Filter hole; 9. Junction box; 10. Mounting plate; 11. Resistance tube; 111. Front end tube; 112. Rear end tube; 12. Temperature sensor; 13. Ceramic tube; 14. Pre-discharge component; 141. Inlet pipe; 142. Heating wire; 1 43. Sewage outlet pipe; 15. Unblocking assembly; 151. Vertical cylinder; 152. Needle holder; 153. Unblocking needle; 16. Drive component; 161. Slag guide pipe; 162. Sliding pipe; 163. Crossbar; 164. Mounting bracket; 165. Shaft; 166. Impeller; 167. Scraper; 168. Lifting block; 169. Lifting ramp; 17. Turbidity cone; 18. Vent hole; 19. Support; 20. Insulating electrode tube; 21. Electrode plate; 22. Isolation ceramic; 23. Core protection tube. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-8 This application will be described in further detail.

[0029] This application discloses a high-energy-density electric heater for aviation testing.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A high-energy-density electric heater for aviation testing includes a vertically arranged pressure-bearing pipe 1. Three supports 19 are welded circumferentially to the bottom of the pressure-bearing pipe 1. An exhaust cone 2 is coaxially welded to the bottom end of the pressure-bearing pipe 1. A maintenance cover plate 3 is bolted to the top end of the pressure-bearing pipe 1. The diameter of the exhaust cone 2 gradually decreases along the direction from the maintenance cover plate 3 to the pressure-bearing pipe 1.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 An air inlet 4 is provided on the inspection cover plate 3. A turbulence cone 17 is bolted to the inspection cover plate 3. The turbulence cone 17 is located between the air inlet 4 and the pressure pipe 1. There is a gap between the turbulence cone 17 and the air inlet 4. The diameter of the turbulence cone 17 is larger than the diameter of the air inlet 4. Several vent holes 18 are provided on the turbulence cone 17.

[0032] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 An inner tube 5 is coaxially arranged inside the pressure-bearing pipe 1, and a heat-insulating support 6 for support and heat preservation is arranged between the inner tube 5 and the pressure-bearing pipe 1.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 The heat insulation support 6 includes a central diaphragm tube 61 coaxially sleeved on the inner tube 5. The end of the central diaphragm tube 61 near the inspection cover plate 3 is welded to the inner tube 5 after being processed by a necking process. Multiple elastic support cone rings 62 are sleeved on the central diaphragm tube 61 along its axial direction. The cross-section of one side of the support cone ring 62 is V-shaped.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 The outer circumferential wall of the supporting cone ring 62 is attached to the inner circumferential wall of the pressure pipe 1. An inner guide pipe 63 is coaxially welded inside the outlet cone pipe 2. One end of the inner guide pipe 63 is sleeved on the end of the inner pipe 5. There is a gap between the inner circumferential wall of the inner guide pipe 63 and the outer circumferential wall of the inner pipe 5. The end of the middle partition pipe 61 near the filter plate 7 is sleeved on the inner guide pipe 63.

[0035] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 There is a gap between the inner circumferential wall of the middle partition tube 61 and the outer circumferential wall of the inner guide tube 63. The space between the inner tube 5 and the middle partition tube 61, the space between the middle partition tube 61 and the pressure-bearing tube 1, and the space between the inner guide tube 63 and the outlet cone tube 2 are all filled with a heat insulation layer 64. The heat insulation layer 64 can be made of zirconium-containing ceramic fiber material in the prior art.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 A conical filter plate 7 is coaxially welded to one end of the inner tube 5 near the outlet cone tube 2. The filter plate 7 has several filter holes 8 with a diameter of 3mm. Six junction boxes 9 are bolted to the outside of the pressure-bearing tube 1. Multiple mounting plates 10 are arranged coaxially inside the inner tube 5 along its axis. Several resistance tubes 11 are threaded through the mounting plates 10. The axis of the resistance tubes 11 is parallel to the axis of the inner tube 5.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 6 Each junction box 9 has three insulated electrode tubes 20 welded on it. Several resistor tubes 11 are divided into eighteen groups. Each group of resistor tubes 11 is connected in series. One end of each group of series resistor tubes 11 is connected to the electrode tube with an electrode plate 21.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 6An isolation ceramic 22 is arranged between each two adjacent electrode plates 21. The isolation ceramic 22 can be made of silicon nitride ceramic material in the prior art. The electrode plate 21 passes through the insulating electrode tube 20 and is connected to the junction box 9. The three sets of resistor tubes 11 corresponding to each junction box 9 are connected in a delta connection manner.

[0039] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 7 The resistor tube 11 includes a front tube 111 and a rear tube 112. The front tube 111 is welded to the rear tube 112. The front tube 111 is located between the inspection cover plate 3 and the rear tube 112. The inner diameter of the rear tube 112 is the same as that of the front tube 111, and the outer diameter of the rear tube 112 is larger than that of the front tube 111. The temperature sensor 12 is used to detect the temperature at the middle position of the rear tube 112.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 Three temperature sensors 12 are bolted to the pressure pipe 1. The temperature sensors 12 are used to detect the temperature inside the inner pipe 5 and near the filter plate 7. The temperature sensors 12 are covered with a core-protecting tube 23. The core-protecting tube 23 passes through the support plate. The measuring point of the temperature sensor 12 extends out of the end of the core-protecting tube 23. An insulating component for insulation is arranged between the mounting plate 10 and the resistance tube 11.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 8 The insulating component includes several ceramic tubes 13 that are slidably sleeved on the resistor tube 11. Each ceramic tube 13 on the individual resistor tube 11 corresponds to a mounting plate 10. The mounting plate 10 is formed by welding two parts together. There is a 2mm gap between the inner circumferential wall of the ceramic tube 13 and the outer circumferential wall of the resistor tube 11.

[0042] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 A pre-discharge component 14 is arranged on the pressure pipe 1. The pre-discharge component 14 is used to pre-discharge the humid air in the pressure pipe 1. The pre-discharge component 14 includes an air inlet pipe 141, an electric heating wire 142 and a sewage outlet pipe 143. The air inlet pipe 141 is welded to the top of the pressure pipe 1 and communicates with the inside of the pressure pipe 1.

[0043] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 The sewage outlet pipe 143 is installed on the air outlet cone pipe 2 and is connected to the interior of the inner guide pipe 63. The heating wire 142 is close to the connection between the air inlet pipe 141 and the pressure pipe 1. Both the air inlet pipe 141 and the sewage outlet pipe 143 are equipped with an electric control valve (not shown in the figure).

[0044] Before the equipment is started, the external air supply equipment delivers filtered air into the interior of the pressure pipe 1 through the air inlet pipe 141. As the air flows through the heating wire 142, the heating wire 142 heats up the air. Since the equipment connected to the air outlet cone pipe 2 of the pressure pipe 1 and the equipment connected to the air inlet 4 on the inspection cover plate 3 are not working at this time, the heated air will accumulate at the top of the pressure pipe 1.

[0045] As heated air continuously flows in, the hot air at the top of the pressure pipe 1 flows downward through the resistance pipe 11. The downward-flowing hot air will discharge the salt-containing cold air in the pressure pipe 1 to the outside of the equipment through the sewage outlet pipe 143. After a period of time, the external air supply equipment and the heating wire 142 both stop working, and the electric control valves on the air inlet pipe 141 and the sewage outlet pipe 143 are closed.

[0046] The resistor tube 11 is energized through the electrode plate 21 and the terminal on the junction box 9. The ceramic tube 13 prevents the current on the resistor tube 11 from flowing to the mounting plate 10. The current causes the resistor tube 11 to heat up during the process of flowing through it. At this time, the filtered air flowing in from the air inlet 4 diffuses into the interior of the pressure tube 1 under the obstruction of the turbulence cone plate 17, and flows from the inside of the resistor tube 11 to the filter plate 7.

[0047] During this process, the support cone ring 62 can adapt to the deformation of the inner tube 5 caused by heat through its own deformation. The air is heated as it flows through the tube of the resistance tube 11. The temperature sensor 12 constantly feeds back the temperature at the rear end tube 112 inside the inner tube 5. The heated air will flow through the filter plate 7 to the outlet cone tube 2.

[0048] The salt-containing gas remaining in the pressure pipe 1 will evaporate under high temperature and precipitate salt crystals. The salt crystals will flow with the air towards the filter plate 7, and the filter plate 7 will block the salt crystals.

[0049] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 A blockage-clearing component 15 is arranged on the pressure pipe 1. The blockage-clearing component 15 is used to clean the debris on the filter plate 7.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 The unclogging assembly 15 includes a vertical cylinder 151 coaxially arranged in the inner guide pipe 63. The vertical cylinder 151 is located below the filter plate 7. The interior of the vertical cylinder 151 is hollow and the top is open. The bottom of the vertical cylinder 151 is connected to the sewage outlet pipe 143. A needle holder 152 is vertically slidably arranged on the top of the sewage outlet pipe 143. The needle holder 152 is welded from several metal rods.

[0051] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5A number of perforated needles 153 are welded on the needle holder 152. The axis of the perforated needles 153 is parallel to the axis of the vertical cylinder 151. The perforated needles 153 correspond one-to-one with the filter holes 8. The diameter of the perforated needles 153 is smaller than the aperture of the filter holes 8. The inner diameter of the resistance tube 11 is much larger than the aperture of the filter holes 8. The perforated needles 153 are used to insert into the filter holes 8 on the filter plate 7. A drive component 16 is arranged on the vertical cylinder 151 to drive the needle holder 152 to slide vertically.

[0052] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 The driving component 16 includes a slag guide pipe 161 coaxially welded to the filter plate 7. There is a gap between the slag guide pipe 161 and the top of the vertical cylinder 151. A sliding pipe 162 is coaxially and vertically slidably sleeved on the vertical cylinder 151. The sliding pipe 162 is coaxially and slidably sleeved at the bottom of the slag guide pipe 161. There is a 1mm gap between the inner circumferential sidewall of the sliding pipe 162 and the outer circumferential sidewall of the slag guide pipe 161.

[0053] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 The needle holder 152 is welded to the sliding tube 162. A crossbar 163 is welded to the sliding tube 162 between the slag guide tube 161 and the vertical cylinder 151. The crossbar 163 has a circular cross section. A cross-shaped mounting bracket 164 is welded inside the slag guide tube 161.

[0054] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 A shaft 165, coaxial with the slag guide pipe 161, is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket 164. The bottom of the shaft 165 rotatably passes through the bottom of the vertical cylinder 151. An impeller 166 is bolted to the bottom of the shaft 165, and a scraper 167 is bolted to the top of the shaft 165. The scraper 167 is attached to the surface of the top of the filter plate 7. When the impeller 166 is removed, the shaft 165 can be pulled away along the axial direction of the vertical cylinder 151.

[0055] Reference Figure 5 A lifting block 168 is welded onto the shaft 165. The top of the lifting block 168 is provided with a lifting slope 169. The lifting slope 169 faces the rotation direction of the shaft 165. The lifting slope 169 is used to abut and slide with the crossbar 163. When the crossbar 163 is about to separate from the lifting block 168, the top of the perforated needle 153 on the needle holder 152 is flush with the surface of the top of the filter plate 7.

[0056] Some of the blocked salt crystals will fall from the slag guide pipe 161 into the vertical cylinder 151, and eventually into the sewage outlet pipe 143. Some of the salt crystals will block the filter holes 8 on the filter plate 7.

[0057] At this time, the hot air flowing out of the filter holes 8 on the filter plate 7 will cause the impeller 166 to rotate as it flows through the inner guide pipe 63. The rotating impeller 166 will drive the scraper 167 and the lifting block 168 to rotate synchronously through the shaft 165. As the lifting block 168 rotates with the shaft 165, the lifting inclined surface 169 on the lifting block 168 will abut against the crossbar 163.

[0058] Under the pushing action of the lifting ramp 169 on the lifting block 168, the crossbar 163 will drive the needle holder 152 to slide vertically upward through the sliding tube 162. The perforated needle 153 on the needle holder 152 will gradually insert into the filter hole 8 on the filter plate 7. When the crossbar 163 passes the lifting ramp 169 on the lifting block 168 and is about to separate from the lifting block 168, the top of the perforated needle 153 will be flush with the surface of the top of the filter plate 7. At this time, the debris blocking the filter hole 8 will be pushed out.

[0059] Under the rotational inertia of shaft 165, shaft 165 will cause lifting block 168 to separate from crossbar 163, and scraper 167 will scrape off the salt crystals on the top surface of filter plate 7. The scraped salt crystals will fall into vertical cylinder 151 through slag guide pipe 161 and eventually flow into sewage outlet pipe 143 for temporary storage. Needle holder 152 falls and resets under the combined action of gravity and airflow thrust, thereby ensuring smooth airflow and greatly reducing maintenance frequency and cost.

[0060] The implementation principle of a high energy density electric heater for aviation testing according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: Before starting the equipment, the external air supply equipment delivers filtered air into the interior of the pressure pipe 1 through the air inlet pipe 141. As the air flows through the heating wire 142, the heating wire 142 heats up the air. Since the equipment connected to the air outlet cone 2 of the pressure pipe 1 and the equipment connected to the air inlet 4 on the inspection cover plate 3 are not working at this time, the heated air will accumulate at the top of the pressure pipe 1.

[0061] As heated air continuously flows in, the hot air at the top of the pressure pipe 1 flows downward through the resistance pipe 11. The downward-flowing hot air will discharge the salt-containing cold air in the pressure pipe 1 to the outside of the equipment through the sewage outlet pipe 143. After a period of time, the external air supply equipment and the heating wire 142 both stop working, and the electric control valves on the air inlet pipe 141 and the sewage outlet pipe 143 are closed.

[0062] The resistor tube 11 is energized through the electrode plate 21 and the terminal on the junction box 9. The ceramic tube 13 prevents the current on the resistor tube 11 from flowing to the mounting plate 10. The current causes the resistor tube 11 to heat up during the process of flowing through it. At this time, the filtered air flowing in from the air inlet 4 diffuses into the interior of the pressure tube 1 under the obstruction of the turbulence cone plate 17, and flows from the inside of the resistor tube 11 to the filter plate 7.

[0063] During this process, the support cone ring 62 can adapt to the deformation of the inner tube 5 caused by heat through its own deformation. The air is heated as it flows through the tube of the resistance tube 11. The temperature sensor 12 constantly feeds back the temperature at the rear end tube 112 inside the inner tube 5. The heated air will flow through the filter plate 7 to the outlet cone tube 2.

[0064] The salt-containing gas remaining in the pressure pipe 1 will evaporate under high temperature and precipitate salt crystals. The salt crystals will flow with the air to the filter plate 7, and the filter plate 7 will block the salt crystals. Some of the blocked salt crystals will fall into the vertical cylinder 151 through the slag guide pipe 161, and finally fall into the sewage outlet pipe 143. Some salt crystals will block the filter holes 8 on the filter plate 7.

[0065] At this time, the hot air flowing out of the filter holes 8 on the filter plate 7 will cause the impeller 166 to rotate as it flows through the inner guide pipe 63. The rotating impeller 166 will drive the scraper 167 and the lifting block 168 to rotate synchronously through the shaft 165. As the lifting block 168 rotates with the shaft 165, the lifting inclined surface 169 on the lifting block 168 will abut against the crossbar 163.

[0066] Under the pushing action of the lifting ramp 169 on the lifting block 168, the crossbar 163 will drive the needle holder 152 to slide vertically upward through the sliding tube 162. The perforated needle 153 on the needle holder 152 will gradually insert into the filter hole 8 on the filter plate 7. When the crossbar 163 passes the lifting ramp 169 on the lifting block 168 and is about to separate from the lifting block 168, the top of the perforated needle 153 will be flush with the surface of the top of the filter plate 7. At this time, the debris blocking the filter hole 8 will be pushed out.

[0067] Under the rotational inertia of shaft 165, shaft 165 will cause lifting block 168 to separate from crossbar 163, and scraper 167 will scrape off the salt crystals on the top surface of filter plate 7. The scraped salt crystals will fall into vertical cylinder 151 through slag guide pipe 161 and eventually flow into sewage outlet pipe 143 for temporary storage. Needle holder 152 falls and resets under the combined action of gravity and airflow thrust, thereby ensuring smooth airflow and greatly reducing maintenance frequency and cost.

[0068] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A high-energy-density electric heater for aviation testing, characterized in that: The system includes a pressure-bearing pipe (1), one end of which is coaxially connected to an exhaust cone pipe (2), and the other end is bolted to a maintenance cover plate (3). An air inlet (4) is provided on the maintenance cover plate (3). An inner pipe (5) is coaxially arranged inside the pressure-bearing pipe (1). A heat-insulating support (6) for support and heat preservation is provided between the inner pipe (5) and the pressure-bearing pipe (1). A conical filter plate (7) is coaxially arranged at one end of the inner pipe (5) near the exhaust cone pipe (2). Several filter holes (8) are provided on the filter plate (7). A junction box (9) is provided outside the pressure-bearing pipe (1). Multiple mounting plates (10) are coaxially arranged inside the inner pipe (5) along its axial direction. A plurality of resistance tubes (11) are installed on the upper part of the pressure tube (1). The resistance tubes (11) are electrically connected to the junction box (9). The axis of the resistance tubes (11) is parallel to the axis of the inner tube (5). A temperature sensor (12) is installed on the pressure tube (1). The temperature sensor (12) is used to detect the temperature inside the inner tube (5) and near the filter plate (7). An insulating component for insulation is provided between the mounting plate (10) and the resistance tubes (11). A pre-drainage component (14) and a blockage removal component (15) are provided on the pressure tube (1). The pre-drainage component (14) is used to pre-drain the humid air inside the pressure tube (1). The blockage removal component (15) is used to clean the debris on the filter plate (7).

2. The high-energy-density electric heater for aviation testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat insulation support (6) includes a central septum (61) coaxially sleeved on the inner tube (5). Multiple elastic support cone rings (62) are sleeved on the central septum (61) along its axial direction. The outer circumferential wall of the support cone ring (62) is attached to the inner circumferential wall of the pressure-bearing tube (1). An inner guide tube (63) is coaxially arranged inside the air outlet cone tube (2). One end of the inner guide tube (63) is sleeved on the end of the inner tube (5). The end of the central septum (61) near the filter plate (7) is sleeved on the inner guide tube (63). A heat insulation layer (64) is provided between the inner tube (5) and the central septum (61), between the central septum (61) and the pressure-bearing tube (1), and between the inner guide tube (63) and the air outlet cone tube (2).

3. The high-energy-density electric heater for aviation testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating component includes a plurality of ceramic tubes (13) slidably sleeved on the resistor tube (11), and the ceramic tubes (13) on each resistor tube (11) correspond one-to-one with the mounting plate (10), and there is a gap between the inner circumferential sidewall of the ceramic tube (13) and the outer circumferential sidewall of the resistor tube (11).

4. A high-energy-density electric heater for aviation testing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pre-discharge component (14) includes an air inlet pipe (141), a heating wire (142), and a waste outlet pipe (143). The air inlet pipe (141) is located at the top of the pressure-bearing pipe (1). The waste outlet pipe (143) passes through the air outlet cone pipe (2) and communicates with the interior of the inner guide pipe (63). The heating wire (142) is close to the air inlet pipe (141).

5. A high-energy-density electric heater for aviation testing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The unclogging assembly (15) includes a vertical cylinder (151) coaxially disposed within the inner guide tube (63). The vertical cylinder (151) is located below the filter plate (7). The interior of the vertical cylinder (151) is hollow and the top is open. The bottom of the vertical cylinder (151) is connected to the sewage outlet pipe (143). A needle holder (152) is vertically slidably disposed on the top of the sewage outlet pipe (143). A plurality of perforated needles (153) are disposed on the needle holder (152). The perforated needles (153) correspond one-to-one with the filter holes (8). The perforated needles (153) are used to insert into the filter holes (8) on the filter plate (7). A driving member (16) for driving the needle holder (152) to slide vertically is disposed on the vertical cylinder (151).

6. A high-energy-density electric heater for aviation testing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving component (16) includes a slag guide tube (161) coaxially disposed on the filter plate (7), with a gap between the slag guide tube (161) and the top of the vertical cylinder (151). A sliding tube (162) is vertically slidably disposed on the vertical cylinder (151), and the sliding tube (162) is coaxially slidably sleeved on the bottom of the slag guide tube (161). The needle holder (152) is disposed on the sliding tube (162). A crossbar (163) is disposed on the sliding tube (162) between the slag guide tube (161) and the vertical cylinder (151). A mounting frame (164) is disposed inside the slag guide tube (161), and a shaft (16) coaxial with the slag guide tube (161) is rotatably disposed on the mounting frame (164). 5) The bottom of the shaft (165) rotates through the bottom of the vertical cylinder (151). An impeller (166) is provided at the bottom of the shaft (165). A scraper (167) is provided at the top of the shaft (165). The scraper (167) is attached to the surface of the top of the filter plate (7). A lifting block (168) is provided on the shaft (165). A lifting inclined surface (169) is provided at the top of the lifting block (168). The lifting inclined surface (169) is used to abut against and slide with the crossbar (163). When the crossbar (163) is about to separate from the lifting block (168), the top of the pore needle (153) on the needle holder (152) is flush with the surface of the top of the filter plate (7).

7. A high-energy-density electric heater for aviation testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A detachable baffle cone (17) is provided on the inspection cover (3). The baffle cone (17) is located between the air inlet (4) and the pressure pipe (1). There is a gap between the baffle cone (17) and the air inlet (4). The diameter of the baffle cone (17) is larger than the diameter of the air inlet (4). Several ventilation holes (18) are provided on the baffle cone (17).

8. A high-energy-density electric heater for aviation testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resistor tube (11) includes a front tube (111) and a rear tube (112). The front tube (111) is located between the inspection cover plate (3) and the rear tube (112). The inner diameter of the rear tube (112) is the same as that of the front tube (111). The outer diameter of the rear tube (112) is larger than that of the front tube (111). The temperature sensor (12) is used to detect the temperature at the middle position of the rear tube (112).

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