A nuclear medicine department patient radiation dose real-time monitoring bracelet

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of nuclear medicine technology, and in particular to a wristband for real-time radiation dose monitoring of patients in nuclear medicine departments. The wristband includes a dial with straps fixed to both ends, the ends of which are connected by positioning rings and buckles. It also includes: a core monitoring unit comprising a radiation dose sensor module, a processing unit, and an interaction and communication unit. The processing unit converts sensor signals into radiation data and executes intelligent algorithms. The interaction and communication unit includes a local alarm module and a wireless communication module. An energy management unit provides power and manages the system's power consumption. A mechanical actuation component supports the straps, promoting flexible contact between the straps and the skin. This device, through the mechanical actuation component, proactively solves the measurement error problem caused by wearing wearable devices too loosely or too tightly, ensuring the stability of the sensor measurement benchmark and improving the reliability of the monitoring data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear medicine, and more particularly to a wristband for real-time monitoring of radiation dose for patients in the nuclear medicine department. Background Technology

[0002] During nuclear medicine treatment, patients are injected with a certain dose of radiopharmaceuticals. For a period of time after the administration, these patients become a mobile source of radiation. To ensure the safety of the patients themselves, other patients, their families, and medical staff, and to prevent the public from being exposed to unnecessary radiation, it is necessary to monitor and control the radiation levels of patients in real time.

[0003] In existing technologies, traditional monitoring methods suffer from problems such as discontinuous monitoring, inability to locate and alarm in real time, and poor patient compliance. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a wearable device that can accurately, in real time, intelligently, and reliably monitor patients' radiation dose and dynamically manage risks based on the environment and behavior. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a real-time radiation dose monitoring wristband for patients in nuclear medicine departments.

[0005] This invention provides a wristband for real-time radiation dose monitoring of patients in nuclear medicine departments, including a dial, with straps fixed to both ends of the dial, the ends of the two straps being connected by positioning rings and buckles, and further comprising:

[0006] The core monitoring unit, installed inside the dial, includes a radiation dose sensor module, a processing unit, and an interaction and communication unit. The processing unit is used to convert sensor signals into radiation data and execute intelligent algorithms. The interaction and communication unit includes a local alarm module and a wireless communication module.

[0007] The energy management unit is used to supply power and manage the system's power consumption status;

[0008] A mechanical actuation component is installed on the inside of the watch strap to support the watch strap. On the one hand, it promotes flexible contact between the watch strap and the skin, and on the other hand, it can support the watch strap to expose the space between the watch face and the skin, so that the core monitoring unit can perform monitoring.

[0009] The core monitoring unit, interaction and communication unit, and energy management unit are connected and exchange data through a hierarchical collaborative bus. This bus architecture allows the processing unit to dynamically configure the power status and data path of each module according to real-time task requirements, so as to achieve system-level operation with minimal power consumption.

[0010] The patient positions the watch face on their wrist using a strap and positioning ring. A core monitoring unit within the watch face detects radiation in real time, and a processing unit converts the signals into readable data. An energy management unit powers the entire system and uses intelligent decision-making to conserve power.

[0011] Furthermore, it saves power through intelligent strategies. The mechanical actuation component installed inside the strap can actively adjust the wearing status of the bracelet. When inflated, it can make the strap fit more smoothly against the wrist to improve measurement stability, while also slightly supporting the dial to create a gap between the skin and the core monitoring unit. This helps reduce interference from sweat and other substances and optimizes detection conditions. By integrating professional radiation monitoring functions into a comfortable wearable bracelet, continuous monitoring of patients is achieved. The mechanical actuation component helps avoid measurement errors caused by improper wearing tightness, ensuring data reliability and wearing comfort during monitoring. The intelligent bus architecture significantly reduces system power consumption through on-demand dynamic management of hardware resources, enabling the bracelet to meet the battery life requirements for several days or even weeks after a single charge.

[0012] Preferably, the mechanical actuation assembly includes:

[0013] An airbag is fixed to the inner ring of the watch strap;

[0014] Multiple partition layers are fixed inside the airbag, dividing the interior of the airbag into multiple partitioned airbags;

[0015] The channel opening is fixed to one end of the airbag;

[0016] Multiple openings are provided inside the channel openings, each connecting to one of the partition airbags;

[0017] An air intake plug is detachably and securely installed inside the channel opening;

[0018] A channel extends through the interior of the air intake plug;

[0019] A one-way valve is installed inside the channel;

[0020] The mechanical actuation component consists of an airbag with multiple internal partitions, dividing the airbag into several independent compartments. A one-way valve allows connection to an external air pump or a miniature pump mounted on the watch strap. When the airbag is inflated through an air inlet plug equipped with a one-way valve, air enters different compartments through various openings depending on the plug's position, causing each compartment to inflate. This allows for adjustment of the airbag's inflation level. The air inlet plug is detachably fixed, for example, threaded into the channel opening. Rotation of the air inlet plug... The position of the air inlet plug inside the channel is adjusted, and rubber gaskets are placed on both the contact surfaces of the channel and the air inlet plug to improve sealing. Adjusting the position of the air inlet plug causes each compartment airbag to expand sequentially, allowing the entire airbag to expand smoothly. This gently pushes the watch strap open from the inside, achieving the dual effect of making the inner lining of the watch strap fit the curve of the wrist better and slightly lifting the watch face away from the skin surface. The multiple compartment airbags ensure that the pressure distribution is even after the airbags are inflated to different degrees, avoiding the local bulging that may occur with a single large airbag, making the wrist more comfortable and providing more stable support.

[0021] Preferably, the mechanical actuation assembly further includes:

[0022] The outer shell is fixed to the other end of the airbag;

[0023] Multiple connection spaces are all opened on the outer wall of the air intake plug to connect to the opening;

[0024] Multiple exhaust channels are opened inside the intake plug and connect to the connecting space;

[0025] By setting a dedicated exhaust channel on the air inlet, when the wristband needs to be loosened, the position of the air inlet is adjusted so that the connecting space on the air inlet aligns with the opening, opening the exhaust channel. This allows the air inside each compartment to be quickly and synchronously discharged to the outside through the network, causing the airbags to contract evenly and the strap to return to a relaxed state. This makes the deflation process fast and even, allowing users to easily adjust the strap tightness according to wrist comfort or cleaning needs, greatly improving the convenience of the device and the user experience.

[0026] Preferably, the radiation dose sensor module includes:

[0027] A miniature metal cavity is disposed inside the dial for electromagnetic shielding to minimize the impact of electromagnetic interference and ambient stray light on the sensor's signal-to-noise ratio.

[0028] The silicon photomultiplier array, optical coupling layer, CsI(Tl) scintillation crystal, and total reflection layer wrapped around the side of the crystal are stacked sequentially from bottom to top and are all encapsulated inside the micro metal cavity.

[0029] A transparent thin window is positioned above the micro-metal cavity, allowing only gamma rays to pass through transparently;

[0030] The radiation sensor is encapsulated in a miniature metal cavity that effectively blocks interference from external electromagnetic waves and stray light. Inside the cavity, arranged from top to bottom, are a transparent window that allows only gamma rays to pass through, a special crystal (CsI(Tl)) that converts gamma rays into weak flashes, an optical coupling agent that ensures efficient downward transmission of the flashes, and a semiconductor detector array that amplifies the weak flashes and converts them into electrical signals. This stacked shielding structure greatly suppresses environmental noise, enabling the sensor to accurately capture extremely weak radiation signals, achieving high sensitivity and high precision monitoring.

[0031] Preferably, it further includes:

[0032] The processing unit is also configured to run a multi-mode adaptive energy spectrum analysis algorithm, wherein the multi-mode specifically includes:

[0033] In the training mode, before the patient takes medication, a local environmental background energy spectrum fingerprint database of the individual wearing location is collected and established in a resting state.

[0034] In monitoring mode, after medication, the mixed energy spectrum is collected in real time. Through an online spectral decomposition engine, the mixed energy spectrum is decomposed into the target nuclide spectrum that matches the characteristics of known radiopharmaceutical nuclides, the stored background fingerprint spectrum, and the unidentified residual spectrum.

[0035] The assessment mode calculates and displays the estimated residual radioactivity in the patient's body in real time based on the net count rate of the target nuclide spectrum obtained from the decomposition, combined with the drug administration time and the nuclide decay model.

[0036] Before the patient receives the medication, the wristband collects and records a unique environmental background radiation fingerprint in a quiet environment. After the medication is administered, the wristband collects mixed radiation signals in real time. Through an algorithm, the real-time signal is separated into the target drug radiation, the stored background radiation, and the unknown residual portion. Based on the intensity of the separated pure drug radiation, combined with the drug decay pattern and injection time, the real-time residual radioactivity in the patient's body is calculated. By subtracting the individual's unique environmental background, background fluctuation interference is eliminated, making the monitoring results more accurate and targeted. Furthermore, by directly calculating the real-time radioactivity in the patient's body, it provides medical staff with a basis for determining whether the patient can safely leave or come into contact with others, thus achieving a qualitative improvement in the monitoring value.

[0037] Preferably, it further includes:

[0038] The behavior perception module, installed inside the dial, includes a three-axis accelerometer and a geomagnetic sensor;

[0039] The triaxial accelerometer is used to monitor the patient's acceleration changes in three-dimensional space, so as to infer the patient's physical activity status by analyzing the intensity, frequency and pattern of acceleration;

[0040] The geomagnetic sensor is used to sense the direction of the Earth's magnetic field in order to determine the location and direction of movement of the equipment;

[0041] The processing unit is used to determine the patient's activity status and infer the patient's surrounding environment based on the stored hospital map data and location, as well as the data from the triaxial accelerometer and the geomagnetic sensor.

[0042] The processing unit is also used to dynamically adjust the data reporting frequency of the wireless communication module based on the patient's surrounding environment and the set three-level alarm thresholds: normal threshold, early warning threshold and emergency threshold;

[0043] The wristband's built-in motion and direction sensors can detect whether the patient is stationary, walking, or running. Combined with preset hospital area map information, it intelligently infers whether the patient is in a ward, corridor, or public area. Based on the determined behavioral state and the risk level of the surrounding environment, the system dynamically selects different radiation alarm thresholds and adjusts the data transmission frequency. For example, it reports more frequently when there is a high risk and reduces reporting when it is safe to rest. This allows the wristband to intelligently adjust its monitoring strategy, which helps to avoid unnecessary frequent alarms and data transmission in safe situations, while triggering more stringent alarms in high-risk situations. This achieves the best balance between accurate monitoring and resource conservation.

[0044] Preferably, the wireless communication module includes:

[0045] The Bluetooth connectivity module allows for direct connection to the smart terminals of patients or medical staff via Bluetooth Low Energy.

[0046] When the base station communication module enters the hospital's preset IoT coverage area, it automatically switches to communication with the nurse station base station to form a star network and synchronize all data.

[0047] The jump connection module, when in the signal edge area, can establish a self-organizing mesh network with other similar wristbands in the vicinity, and transmit alarm data back to the base station through multi-hop relay;

[0048] The wristbands typically connect to patients' mobile phones via Bluetooth Low Energy. Upon entering a specific area of ​​the hospital, they automatically switch to communicating with a dedicated base station at the nurses' station for centralized management. When the signal is weak, they can automatically form a network with other similar wristbands nearby, transmitting alarm information hop by hop through multiple wristbands until it reaches the base station or a device with a good network. This communication strategy ensures that alarm information can be reliably transmitted from any corner of the hospital, thereby improving the reliability of monitoring. The hop-connected network enhances the system's coverage, allowing the network to remain operational even if some nodes lose connection through other paths.

[0049] Preferably, the local alarm module includes:

[0050] A level one tactile alert activates a gentle, intermittent vibration when the dose approaches the alarm threshold.

[0051] A level two audible and visual alarm will activate a strong, continuous vibration accompanied by a buzzer at a specific frequency when the dose exceeds the alarm threshold.

[0052] The processing unit selects the third-level alarm threshold after comprehensively judging the degree of radiation exceeding the standard, the patient's surrounding environment, and historical alarm records, and intuitively displays the exceeding value and risk level in the form of icons and numbers on the miniature OLED screen integrated in the wristband.

[0053] When radiation levels approach the warning threshold, the bracelet will alert the wearer with a gentle vibration that only they can perceive. When radiation exceeds a threshold dynamically set based on the environment, it will activate a strong vibration accompanied by an audible alarm. The bracelet screen will also display the current radiation value and risk level with clear icons and numbers. This tiered alarm mechanism protects the patient's privacy during minor abnormalities, avoiding unnecessary panic, while ensuring timely notification through strong multi-sensory alerts in cases of genuine danger. The intuitive screen display allows patients to understand their condition at any time, enhancing safety transparency and patient engagement.

[0054] Preferably, it further includes:

[0055] The processing unit is also used to calculate a dynamic risk index from 0 to 100 in real time, with the estimated residual radioactivity as the core input and the situation-based risk assessment result as the correction factor.

[0056] When the index exceeds the preset limit, the wireless communication module will automatically generate a structured alarm package containing the patient's location, risk index, and information on the excessive radionuclides, and will push it to the designated medical management personnel via the jump connection module or the Bluetooth connection module.

[0057] When the index exceeds the safety limit, the wristband will automatically generate a structured alarm package containing the patient's name, location, risk index, and information on the radionuclide exceeding the limit. This package will be instantly pushed to the designated responsible medical staff through a reliable communication path. This integrates complex radiation data with environmental factors into a simple and intuitive risk score, helping medical staff quickly assess the urgency of the situation. The alarm package will also deliver key information directly to the person in charge, buying time for emergency response.

[0058] Preferably, it further includes:

[0059] The trusted execution module stores the patient's personal unlocking information, medication record keys, and calibration parameters.

[0060] The trusted execution module is also used to encrypt and digitally sign all data transmitted externally.

[0061] The wristband contains a trusted execution module that stores the patient's identity key, medication information key, and calibration parameters. All data that needs to be sent out is first encrypted in this module and tagged with a unique anti-counterfeiting number before being sent out. This helps ensure that the patient's radiation health privacy data cannot be stolen or tampered with during transmission, meets the strict confidentiality and integrity requirements of medical data, and helps ensure the data trustworthiness and system security of the entire monitoring network.

[0062] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0063] By incorporating mechanical actuation components, the measurement error caused by wearing wearable devices that is too loose or too tight is proactively addressed, ensuring the stability of the sensor's measurement benchmark and improving the reliability of the monitoring data. Attached Figure Description

[0064] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the airbag of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the airbag of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0067] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the airbag of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0068] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0069] In the diagram: 1. Dial; 101. Strap; 102. Positioning ring; 2. Airbag; 201. Separator layer; 202. Separator airbag; 203. Channel opening; 204. Port; 205. Channel; 206. One-way valve; 207. Intake plug; 3. Outer shell; 301. Connecting space; 302. Exhaust channel. Detailed Implementation

[0070] The following description is intended to disclose the invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0071] like Figures 1 to 5 The wristband shown is for real-time radiation dose monitoring of patients in a nuclear medicine department. It includes a dial 1, with straps 101 fixed to both ends of the dial 1. The ends of the two straps 101 are connected by a positioning ring 102 and a buckle. It also includes:

[0072] The core monitoring unit, installed inside the dial 1, includes a radiation dose sensor module and a processing unit, as well as an interaction and communication unit. The processing unit is used to convert sensor signals into radiation data and execute intelligent algorithms. The interaction and communication unit includes a local alarm module and a wireless communication module.

[0073] The energy management unit is used to supply power and manage the system's power consumption status;

[0074] A mechanical actuation component is installed on the inside of the watch strap 101 to support the watch strap 101. On the one hand, it promotes the flexible contact between the watch strap 101 and the skin, and on the other hand, it can support the watch strap 101 to expose the space between the watch face 1 and the skin so that the core monitoring unit can perform monitoring.

[0075] The core monitoring unit, interaction and communication unit, and energy management unit are connected and exchange data through a hierarchical collaborative bus. This bus architecture allows the processing unit to dynamically configure the power status and data path of each module according to real-time task requirements, so as to achieve system-level operation with minimal power consumption.

[0076] The patient positions and mounts the watch face 1 on their wrist using the strap 101 and positioning ring 102. Radiation is detected in real time by the core monitoring unit within the watch face 1, and the processing unit converts the signal into readable data. The energy management unit supplies power to the entire system and uses intelligent decision-making to conserve power.

[0077] Furthermore, it saves power through intelligent strategies. The mechanical actuation component installed inside the strap can actively adjust the wearing status of the bracelet. When inflated, it can make the strap fit more smoothly against the wrist to improve measurement stability, while also slightly supporting the dial to create a gap between the skin and the core monitoring unit. This helps reduce interference from sweat and other substances and optimizes detection conditions. By integrating professional radiation monitoring functions into a comfortable wearable bracelet, continuous monitoring of patients is achieved. The mechanical actuation component helps avoid measurement errors caused by improper wearing tightness, ensuring data reliability and wearing comfort during monitoring. The intelligent bus architecture significantly reduces system power consumption through on-demand dynamic management of hardware resources, enabling the bracelet to meet the battery life requirements for several days or even weeks after a single charge.

[0078] As an optional embodiment, the mechanical actuation assembly includes:

[0079] Airbag 2 is fixed to the inner ring of the watch strap 101;

[0080] Multiple partition layers 201 are fixed inside the airbag 2, dividing the interior of the airbag 2 into multiple partition airbags 202;

[0081] The channel opening 203 is fixed to one end of the airbag 2;

[0082] Multiple openings 204 are provided inside the passageway 203 and are connected to each of the partition airbags 202.

[0083] The intake plug 207 is detachably and fixedly installed inside the channel opening 203;

[0084] Passage 205 extends through the interior of intake plug 207;

[0085] One-way valve 206 is installed inside channel 205;

[0086] The mechanical actuation component specifically consists of an airbag 2 with multiple internal partition layers 201, which divide the airbag 2 into multiple independent partition airbags 202. A one-way valve 206 can be connected to an external air pump or a miniature pump mounted on the watch strap 101. When the airbag 2 is inflated through an air inlet plug 207 with a one-way valve 206 at one end, air can enter different partition airbags 202 through multiple different openings 204, depending on the position of the air inlet plug 207. This causes the different partition airbags 202 to inflate, thus adjusting the degree of inflation of the airbag 2. The air inlet plug 207 is a detachable fixed connection, for example, the air inlet plug 207 can be threaded onto the channel opening 203. Internally, the position of the air inlet plug 207 inside the channel opening 203 is adjusted by rotating the air inlet plug 207. Rubber gaskets are placed on the contact surfaces of the channel opening 203 and the air inlet plug 207 to improve sealing. According to the position adjustment of the air inlet plug 207, each of the partition airbags 202 expands in sequence, so that the entire airbag expands smoothly, thereby gently pushing the watch strap open from the inside. This achieves the dual effect of making the inner lining of the watch strap fit the curvature of the wrist better and slightly lifting the watch face away from the skin surface. Through the setting of multiple partition airbags 202, the pressure distribution of the airbags 2 after inflation is even at different inflation levels, avoiding the local bulging that may occur with a single large airbag, making the wrist more comfortable and the support more stable.

[0087] As an optional embodiment, the mechanical actuation assembly further includes:

[0088] The outer shell 3 is fixed to the other end of the airbag 2;

[0089] Multiple connection spaces 301 are all opened on the outer wall of the intake plug 207 to connect to the port 204;

[0090] Multiple exhaust passages 302 are opened inside the intake plug 207 and connect to the connecting space 301;

[0091] By setting a dedicated exhaust channel 302 on the air inlet plug 207, when the wristband needs to be loosened, the position of the air inlet plug 207 is adjusted so that the connecting space 301 on the air inlet plug 207 aligns with the opening 204, thereby opening the exhaust channel 302. This allows the air inside each compartment airbag 202 to be quickly and synchronously discharged to the outside through this network, so that the airbags contract evenly and the strap returns to a loose state. This makes the deflation process fast and even, and users can easily adjust the tightness of the strap according to wrist comfort or cleaning needs, greatly improving the convenience of device use and user experience.

[0092] As an optional embodiment, the radiation dose sensor module includes:

[0093] A miniature metal cavity is set inside the dial 1 for electromagnetic shielding to minimize the impact of electromagnetic interference and ambient stray light on the sensor's signal-to-noise ratio.

[0094] The silicon photomultiplier array, optical coupling layer, CsI(Tl) scintillation crystal, and total reflection layer wrapped around the side of the crystal are stacked sequentially from bottom to top and encapsulated inside a micro metal cavity.

[0095] A transparent thin window is placed above the miniature metal cavity, allowing only gamma rays to pass through transparently;

[0096] The radiation sensor is encapsulated in a miniature metal cavity that effectively blocks interference from external electromagnetic waves and stray light. Inside the cavity, arranged from top to bottom, are a transparent window that allows only gamma rays to pass through, a special crystal (CsI(Tl)) that converts gamma rays into weak flashes, an optical coupling agent that ensures efficient downward transmission of the flashes, and a semiconductor detector array that amplifies the weak flashes and converts them into electrical signals. This stacked shielding structure greatly suppresses environmental noise, enabling the sensor to accurately capture extremely weak radiation signals, achieving high sensitivity and high precision monitoring.

[0097] As an optional embodiment, it also includes:

[0098] The processing unit is also used to run a multi-mode adaptive energy spectrum analysis algorithm, wherein the multi-mode specifically includes:

[0099] In the training mode, before the patient takes medication, a local environmental background energy spectrum fingerprint database of the individual wearing location is collected and established in a resting state.

[0100] In monitoring mode, after medication, the mixed energy spectrum is collected in real time. Through an online spectral decomposition engine, the mixed energy spectrum is decomposed into the target nuclide spectrum that matches the characteristics of known radiopharmaceutical nuclides, the stored background fingerprint spectrum, and the unidentified residual spectrum.

[0101] The assessment mode calculates and displays the estimated residual radioactivity in the patient's body in real time based on the net count rate of the target nuclide spectrum obtained from the decomposition, combined with the drug administration time and the nuclide decay model.

[0102] Before the patient receives the medication, the wristband collects and records a unique environmental background radiation fingerprint in a quiet environment. After the medication is administered, the wristband collects mixed radiation signals in real time. Through an algorithm, the real-time signal is separated into the target drug radiation, the stored background radiation, and the unknown residual portion. Based on the intensity of the separated pure drug radiation, combined with the drug decay pattern and injection time, the real-time residual radioactivity in the patient's body is calculated. By subtracting the individual's unique environmental background, background fluctuation interference is eliminated, making the monitoring results more accurate and targeted. Furthermore, by directly calculating the real-time radioactivity in the patient's body, it provides medical staff with a basis for determining whether the patient can safely leave or come into contact with others, thus achieving a qualitative improvement in the monitoring value.

[0103] As an optional embodiment, it also includes:

[0104] The behavior perception module, installed inside dial 1, includes a three-axis accelerometer and a geomagnetic sensor;

[0105] A triaxial accelerometer is used to monitor changes in a patient's acceleration in three-dimensional space, in order to infer the patient's physical activity status by analyzing the intensity, frequency, and pattern of acceleration.

[0106] Geomagnetic sensors are used to sense the direction of the Earth's magnetic field in order to determine the location and direction of movement of equipment;

[0107] The processing unit is used to determine the patient's activity status and infer the patient's surrounding environment based on stored hospital map data, location data, and data from a triaxial accelerometer and a geomagnetic sensor.

[0108] The processing unit is also used to dynamically adjust the data reporting frequency of the wireless communication module based on the patient's surrounding environment and the set three-level alarm thresholds: normal threshold, early warning threshold and emergency threshold;

[0109] The wristband's built-in motion and direction sensors can detect whether the patient is stationary, walking, or running. Combined with preset hospital area map information, it intelligently infers whether the patient is in a ward, corridor, or public area. Based on the determined behavioral state and the risk level of the surrounding environment, the system dynamically selects different radiation alarm thresholds and adjusts the data transmission frequency. For example, it reports more frequently when there is a high risk and reduces reporting when it is safe to rest. This allows the wristband to intelligently adjust its monitoring strategy, which helps to avoid unnecessary frequent alarms and data transmission in safe situations, while triggering more stringent alarms in high-risk situations. This achieves the best balance between accurate monitoring and resource conservation.

[0110] As an optional embodiment, the wireless communication module includes:

[0111] The Bluetooth connectivity module allows for direct connection to the smart terminals of patients or medical staff via Bluetooth Low Energy.

[0112] When the base station communication module enters the hospital's preset IoT coverage area, it automatically switches to communication with the nurse station base station to form a star network and synchronize all data.

[0113] The jump connection module, when in the signal edge area, can establish a self-organizing mesh network with other similar wristbands in the vicinity, and transmit alarm data back to the base station through multi-hop relay;

[0114] The wristbands typically connect to patients' mobile phones via Bluetooth Low Energy. Upon entering a specific area of ​​the hospital, they automatically switch to communicating with a dedicated base station at the nurses' station for centralized management. When the signal is weak, they can automatically form a network with other similar wristbands nearby, transmitting alarm information hop by hop through multiple wristbands until it reaches the base station or a device with a good network. This communication strategy ensures that alarm information can be reliably transmitted from any corner of the hospital, thereby improving the reliability of monitoring. The hop-connected network enhances the system's coverage, allowing the network to remain operational even if some nodes lose connection through other paths.

[0115] As an optional embodiment, the local alarm module includes:

[0116] Level 1 tactile alert: When the dose approaches the alarm threshold, a gentle, intermittent vibration is activated.

[0117] The level 2 audible and visual alarm will activate a strong, continuous vibration accompanied by a buzzer at a specific frequency when the dose exceeds the alarm threshold.

[0118] The processing unit selects a three-tier alarm threshold after comprehensively judging the degree of radiation exceeding the standard, the patient's surrounding environment, and historical alarm records. The excessive value and risk level are displayed intuitively in the form of icons and numbers on the miniature OLED screen integrated into the wristband.

[0119] When radiation levels approach the warning threshold, the bracelet will alert the wearer with a gentle vibration that only they can perceive. When radiation exceeds a threshold dynamically set based on the environment, it will activate a strong vibration accompanied by an audible alarm. The bracelet screen will also display the current radiation value and risk level with clear icons and numbers. This tiered alarm mechanism protects the patient's privacy during minor abnormalities, avoiding unnecessary panic, while ensuring timely notification through strong multi-sensory alerts in cases of genuine danger. The intuitive screen display allows patients to understand their condition at any time, enhancing safety transparency and patient engagement.

[0120] As an optional embodiment, it also includes:

[0121] The processing unit is also used to calculate a dynamic risk index from 0 to 100 in real time, using the estimated residual radioactivity as the core input and the situation-based risk assessment results as the correction factor.

[0122] When the index exceeds the preset limit, the wireless communication module will automatically generate a structured alarm package containing the patient's location, risk index, and information on the excessive radionuclides, and will prioritize pushing it to the designated medical management personnel via the jump connection module or Bluetooth connection module.

[0123] When the index exceeds the safety limit, the wristband will automatically generate a structured alarm package containing the patient's name, location, risk index, and information on the radionuclide exceeding the limit. This package will be instantly pushed to the designated responsible medical staff through a reliable communication path. This integrates complex radiation data with environmental factors into a simple and intuitive risk score, helping medical staff quickly assess the urgency of the situation. The alarm package will also deliver key information directly to the person in charge, buying time for emergency response.

[0124] As an optional embodiment, it also includes:

[0125] The trusted execution module stores the patient's personal unlocking information, medication record keys, and calibration parameters.

[0126] The trusted execution module is also used to encrypt and digitally sign all data transmitted externally;

[0127] The wristband contains a trusted execution module that stores the patient's identity key, medication information key, and calibration parameters. All data that needs to be sent out is first encrypted in this module and tagged with a unique anti-counterfeiting number before being sent out. This helps ensure that the patient's radiation health privacy data cannot be stolen or tampered with during transmission, meets the strict confidentiality and integrity requirements of medical data, and helps ensure the data trustworthiness and system security of the entire monitoring network.

[0128] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A wristband for real-time radiation dose monitoring of patients in nuclear medicine departments, comprising a dial (1), wherein both ends of the dial (1) are fixed with straps (101), and the ends of the two straps (101) are connected by a positioning ring (102) and a buckle, characterized in that, Also includes: The core monitoring unit is installed inside the dial (1) and includes a radiation dose sensor module, a processing unit, and an interaction and communication unit. The processing unit is used to convert sensor signals into radiation data and execute intelligent algorithms. The interaction and communication unit includes a local alarm module and a wireless communication module. The energy management unit is used to supply power and manage the system's power consumption status; A mechanical actuation component is installed on the inside of the watch strap (101) to support the watch strap (101). On the one hand, it promotes the flexible contact between the watch strap (101) and the skin, and on the other hand, it can support the watch strap (101) to expose the space between the watch face (1) and the skin so that the core monitoring unit can perform monitoring. The core monitoring unit, interaction and communication unit, and energy management unit are connected and exchange data through a hierarchical collaborative bus. This bus architecture allows the processing unit to dynamically configure the power status and data path of each module according to real-time task requirements, so as to achieve system-level operation with minimal power consumption.

2. The real-time radiation dose monitoring wristband for patients in nuclear medicine departments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical actuation component includes: Airbag (2), fixed to the inner ring of the watch strap (101); Multiple partition layers (201) are fixed inside the airbag (2) to divide the inside of the airbag (2) into multiple partition airbags (202). The channel opening (203) is fixed to one end of the airbag (2); Multiple openings (204) are provided inside the channel opening (203) and are respectively connected to each of the partition airbags (202). An air intake plug (207) is detachably and fixedly installed inside the channel opening (203); A channel (205) extends through the interior of the air intake plug (207); A one-way valve (206) is installed inside the channel (205).

3. A real-time radiation dose monitoring wristband for patients in nuclear medicine departments according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mechanical actuation assembly also includes: The outer shell (3) is fixed to the end of the airbag (2) on the other side; Multiple connection spaces (301) are all opened on the outer wall of the air intake plug (207) to connect to the port (204). Multiple exhaust channels (302) are opened inside the intake plug (207) and connect to the connecting space (301).

4. A wristband for real-time monitoring of radiation dose for patients in nuclear medicine departments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation dose sensor module includes: A miniature metal cavity is disposed inside the dial (1) for electromagnetic shielding to minimize the impact of electromagnetic interference and ambient stray light on the sensor signal-to-noise ratio. The silicon photomultiplier array, optical coupling layer, CsI(Tl) scintillation crystal, and total reflection layer wrapped around the side of the crystal are stacked sequentially from bottom to top and are all encapsulated inside the micro metal cavity. A transparent thin window is positioned above the micro-metal cavity, allowing only gamma rays to pass through transparently.

5. A wristband for real-time monitoring of radiation dose to patients in nuclear medicine departments according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The processing unit is also configured to run a multi-mode adaptive energy spectrum analysis algorithm, wherein the multi-mode specifically includes: In the training mode, before the patient takes medication, a local environmental background energy spectrum fingerprint database of the individual wearing location is collected and established in a resting state. In monitoring mode, after medication, the mixed energy spectrum is collected in real time. Through an online spectral decomposition engine, the mixed energy spectrum is decomposed into the target nuclide spectrum that matches the characteristics of known radiopharmaceutical nuclides, the stored background fingerprint spectrum, and the unidentified residual spectrum. The assessment mode calculates and displays the estimated residual radioactivity in the patient's body in real time, based on the net count rate of the target nuclide spectrum obtained from the decomposition, combined with the drug administration time and the nuclide decay model.

6. A wristband for real-time monitoring of radiation dose to patients in nuclear medicine departments according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The behavior perception module, installed inside the dial (1), includes a triaxial accelerometer and a geomagnetic sensor; The triaxial accelerometer is used to monitor the patient's acceleration changes in three-dimensional space, so as to infer the patient's physical activity status by analyzing the intensity, frequency and pattern of acceleration; The geomagnetic sensor is used to sense the direction of the Earth's magnetic field in order to determine the location and direction of movement of the equipment; The processing unit is used to determine the patient's activity status and infer the patient's surrounding environment based on the stored hospital map data and location, as well as the data from the triaxial accelerometer and the geomagnetic sensor. The processing unit is also used to dynamically adjust the data reporting frequency of the wireless communication module based on the patient's surrounding environment and the set three-level alarm thresholds: normal threshold, early warning threshold, and emergency threshold.

7. A real-time radiation dose monitoring wristband for patients in nuclear medicine departments according to claim 6, characterized in that, The wireless communication module includes: The Bluetooth connectivity module allows for direct connection to the smart terminals of patients or medical staff via Bluetooth Low Energy. When the base station communication module enters the hospital's preset IoT coverage area, it automatically switches to communication with the nurse station base station to form a star network and synchronize all data. The jump connection module, when in the signal edge area, can establish a self-organizing mesh network with other similar wristbands in the vicinity, and transmit alarm data back to the base station through multi-hop relay.

8. A wristband for real-time monitoring of radiation dose to patients in nuclear medicine departments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The local alarm module includes: A level one tactile alert activates a gentle, intermittent vibration when the dose approaches the alarm threshold. A level two audible and visual alarm will activate a strong, continuous vibration accompanied by a buzzer at a specific frequency when the dose exceeds the alarm threshold. The processing unit selects the three-level alarm threshold after comprehensively judging the degree of radiation exceeding the standard, the patient's surrounding environment, and historical alarm records, and intuitively displays the exceeding value and risk level in the form of icons and numbers on the miniature OLED screen integrated in the wristband.

9. A real-time radiation dose monitoring wristband for patients in nuclear medicine departments according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: The processing unit is also used to calculate a dynamic risk index from 0 to 100 in real time, with the estimated residual radioactivity as the core input and the situation-based risk assessment result as the correction factor. When the index exceeds the preset limit, the wireless communication module will automatically generate a structured alarm package containing the patient's location, risk index, and information on the excessive radionuclides, and will push it to the designated medical management personnel via the jump connection module or the Bluetooth connection module.

10. A wristband for real-time monitoring of radiation dose to patients in nuclear medicine departments according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The trusted execution module stores the patient's personal unlocking information, medication record keys, and calibration parameters. The trusted execution module is also used to encrypt and digitally sign all data transmitted externally.

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