Precise temperature control type rail transit part conveying type dryer

Abstract

A precision temperature-controlled conveyor-type dryer for rail transit components is disclosed. It comprises a drying chamber assembly, a conveyor positioning mechanism, a production line linkage control system, a hot air circulation heating system, a waste gas exhaust structure, and an installation adapter structure. Each structure strictly corresponds to the equipment schematic diagram, with no redundant parts. Through coordinated operation, it achieves high-precision drying of the rail paint layer. This invention, through structural optimization and system integration, achieves stable quality, maximizes efficiency, and meets environmental standards in rail paint layer drying, effectively reducing production costs and enhancing the market competitiveness of rail anti-corrosion products. It has broad commercial application value and promising prospects in the field of anti-corrosion treatment of rail transit components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of general industrial thermal drying technology, and in particular to a precision temperature-controlled conveyor-type dryer for rail transit components. Background Technology

[0002] In the anti-corrosion treatment process of rail transit components such as rails, paint curing and drying are the core steps that determine the coating's adhesion, density, and anti-corrosion life. The stability of the drying temperature and the uniformity of the chamber temperature directly affect the final anti-corrosion effect. Existing drying equipment is mostly of a general-purpose structure, which is difficult to adapt to the special structure of rails and the needs of large-scale production, and has obvious technical defects: First, there is a lack of a precise positioning and conveying structure adapted to the I-shaped cross-section of rails, which makes the rail conveying prone to deviation and vibration, resulting in uneven surface heating; Second, the temperature control system has low accuracy, the heating element and hot air circulation system have poor coordination, and the chamber temperature difference is large, which can easily lead to quality problems such as incomplete paint curing and local over-sintering; Third, the integration with the production line is poor, requiring manual setting of drying parameters, and it cannot respond to changes in parameters of previous processes, resulting in low adaptation efficiency; Fourth, the equipment installation is not well connected to the production line foundation and the preceding and following processes, and the exhaust gas treatment structure is rudimentary, which does not meet environmental protection regulations and continuous production requirements.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies mostly employ single structural optimization solutions, such as individually improving the accuracy of temperature control instruments or the structure of conveyor rollers, failing to create an integrated solution suitable for rail production scenarios. Furthermore, some equipment suffers from redundant components, increasing manufacturing costs and reducing operational stability. This contradicts the demands for simplicity, efficiency, and adaptability required in actual production, making it difficult to meet the process standards for large-scale, high-precision drying of rail transit components. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technology, this invention proposes a precision temperature-controlled conveyor-type dryer for rail transit components.

[0005] A precision temperature-controlled rail transit component conveying dryer includes: a drying chamber assembly, a conveying and positioning mechanism, a production line linkage control system, a hot air circulation heating system, a waste gas outlet structure, and an installation and adaptation structure. Each structure strictly corresponds to the equipment schematic diagram and has no redundant parts. Through coordinated operation, it completes the high-precision drying of the rail paint layer.

[0006] The drying chamber assembly has an internal sealed chamber for drying steel rails. The assembly is a double-layered heat-insulating structure consisting of an inner steel plate, an outer steel plate, and a rock wool insulation layer between them. Silicone rubber sealing curtains are installed at the inlet and outlet. This double-layered heat-insulating structure effectively reduces heat loss from the chamber, and the silicone rubber sealing curtains at the inlet and outlet further reduce temperature leakage, ensuring the sealing and insulation of the drying environment. The conveying and positioning mechanism uses rollers with positioning grooves on their surface to precisely fit the I-shaped cross-section of the steel rail. Combined with a frequency converter drive unit, it achieves constant speed conveying of the steel rail. Inclined guide plates at the inlet and outlet ensure smooth connection with upstream and downstream processes on the production line, preventing conveying deviation and jamming.

[0007] The production line linkage control system includes multiple high-precision temperature sensors installed on the inner wall of the drying chamber assembly, and a programmable logic controller (PLC). The PLC is connected to the high-precision temperature sensors and has a signal interface for communication with the external production line main control system. The production line linkage control system uses the PLC as its core, combined with the high-precision temperature sensors to construct a closed-loop temperature control system. It dynamically adjusts the heating element power output through a PID algorithm to strictly control the chamber temperature fluctuation within ±1℃. Simultaneously, the PLC links with the production line main control system via an industrial Ethernet interface to automatically acquire parameters such as the rail specifications and paint layer thickness from previous processes, synchronously matching the optimal drying parameters.

[0008] The hot air circulation heating system includes multiple heating tubes arranged inside the drying chamber assembly and facing the steel rail, and multiple turbine fans for driving the forced circulation of hot air within the chamber. Both the heating tubes and turbine fans are controlled by the PLC. The PLC can independently adjust the power of the heating tubes or the speed of the turbine fans in different areas based on the temperature difference detected by the temperature sensor. In the hot air circulation heating system, the heating tubes are arranged directionally according to the steel rail surface, and together with the turbine fans and arc-shaped guide plates, hot air is evenly distributed across all surfaces of the steel rail. The PLC monitors the temperature of each area in real time and controls the maximum temperature difference within the chamber to within 3°C by adjusting the heating power and fan speed, ensuring uniform curing of the paint layer.

[0009] The exhaust gas outlet structure includes an exhaust gas outlet channel located at the top of the drying chamber assembly and a standard docking flange located at the end of the channel for connecting to an external VOC purifier. The exhaust gas outlet structure uses a 304 stainless steel exhaust gas outlet channel, which, together with the standard docking flange, quickly and securely connects to the external VOC purifier, ensuring that the VOC exhaust gas generated during drying is centrally treated and discharged in compliance with environmental protection requirements.

[0010] The mounting adapter structure includes a mounting base that supports the drying chamber assembly. The mounting base has multiple height-adjusting bolts at its bottom. The mounting base provides stable support for the equipment, and the bottom height-adjusting bolts allow for flexible adjustment of the equipment's level, accommodating unevenness errors of ±50mm in the production line foundation, ensuring precise connection between the equipment and the production line.

[0011] The high-precision temperature sensor is a PT100 platinum resistance sensor with a measurement accuracy of ±1℃; the PLC is a Siemens S7-1200 series PLC, which has a pre-stored library of curing temperature parameters corresponding to different rail specifications and paint layer thicknesses, and uses a PID closed-loop control algorithm to control the temperature fluctuation of the sealed chamber within the set value of ±1℃.

[0012] The heating tubes are infrared heating lamps, arranged in groups along the total length of the drying chamber, respectively radiating heat to the top, left, right and bottom surfaces of the rails; the air outlet of the turbine fan is connected to an arc-shaped guide plate; the PLC independently adjusts the power of the heating tubes and / or the speed of the turbine fan in different areas based on feedback from the high-precision temperature sensor, so that the maximum temperature difference in the sealed chamber is ≤3℃.

[0013] The machining tolerance of the positioning groove on the roller follows the ISO2768-mH general tolerance standard; the frequency conversion drive unit is a YVP series frequency conversion motor, and its speed is controlled by the PLC to stabilize the conveying speed of the rail at 30mm / s, with a speed error not exceeding ±0.5mm / s.

[0014] The signal interface of the production line linkage control system is an industrial Ethernet Profinet interface, which is used to receive rail specification signals, paint layer thickness signals and workpiece arrival signals from the sandblasting, arc spraying and painting processes of the production line in real time, and realize the automatic setting of drying parameters and process linkage.

[0015] The PLC is also connected to a 4G / 5G communication module, which is used to remotely transmit equipment operation data to the monitoring terminal to realize remote status monitoring and fault early warning.

[0016] The exhaust gas outlet channel is made of 304 stainless steel and has an inner diameter of not less than 200mm; the standard docking flange is compatible with the air inlet of the HY-HYT-15000m³ / h VOC purifier.

[0017] A method for operating a precision temperature-controlled conveyor-type dryer for rail transit components includes the following steps:

[0018] S1: Parameter setting and equipment self-test: After the equipment is started, the PLC automatically receives the rail specifications and paint thickness information transmitted from the production line through the signal interface, or receives manually input information through the human-machine interface, and automatically matches and sets the corresponding curing temperature and conveying speed from the pre-stored parameter library; subsequently, the PLC performs self-tests on the high-precision temperature sensor, heating tube, turbine fan and frequency conversion drive unit.

[0019] S2: Preheating and closed-loop temperature control: After the self-test passes, the PLC starts the heating tube and the turbine fan. Based on the real-time feedback data of the high-precision temperature sensor, the power of the heating tube is dynamically adjusted through the PID algorithm so that the temperature of the sealed chamber can be quickly raised to the set value and stabilized within the fluctuation range of ±1℃.

[0020] S3: Conveying and Uniform Temperature Drying: The steel rail is smoothly introduced through the inclined guide plate and fed into the sealed chamber at a constant speed by the roller; during the conveying process, each surface of the steel rail receives directional radiant heating from the heating pipes in the corresponding area and uniform hot air convection driven by the turbine fan, so as to achieve uniform curing of the paint layer; at the same time, the PLC continuously monitors the temperature difference of each area and dynamically adjusts it to keep the temperature difference of the chamber ≤3℃;

[0021] S4: Waste gas treatment: The VOC waste gas generated during the drying process is discharged through the waste gas discharge channel and transported to an external VOC purifier for centralized purification treatment through the standard docking flange.

[0022] S5: Output and production line linkage: After the paint layer on the rail is cured, it is transported out of the sealed chamber, and the PLC sends a process completion signal to the production line; if the parameters of the preceding process on the production line change, the production line linkage control system receives and adjusts the drying parameters in real time to ensure the continuity of the entire process.

[0023] In step S3, if the PLC detects that the temperature difference trend in a certain area exceeds 2°C, it immediately fine-tunes the speed of the turbine fan or the power of the heating tube in the corresponding area to perform preventative temperature control.

[0024] After the equipment is shut down, the turbine fan continues to run for a period of time to purge the volatile gases remaining in the sealed chamber.

[0025] This invention is successful. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a precision temperature-controlled conveyor-type dryer for rail transit components.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a precision temperature-controlled conveyor-type dryer for rail transit components.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a side view of a precision temperature-controlled conveyor-type dryer for rail transit components. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following is a detailed description of a precision temperature-controlled conveyor-type dryer for rail transit components provided by the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] according to Figure 1-3 As shown, a precision temperature-controlled conveyor-type dryer for rail transit components includes:

[0031] The drying chamber assembly 1 has a sealed chamber inside for drying steel rails. The chamber assembly is a double-layer heat insulation structure consisting of an inner steel plate 4, an outer steel plate 5 and a rock wool insulation layer 6 filled therebetween. Silicone rubber sealing curtains 7 are provided at the inlet and outlet.

[0032] The conveying and positioning mechanism 2 is located at the bottom of the drying chamber assembly 1, and includes multiple rollers 12 with positioning grooves on their surfaces that match the I-shaped cross-section of the rails, a frequency conversion drive unit 13 that drives the rollers 12 to rotate, and inclined guide plates 14 located at the inlet and outlet ends of the conveying and positioning mechanism 2.

[0033] The production line linkage control system 3 includes multiple high-precision temperature sensors 8 installed on the inner wall of the drying chamber assembly 1, and a programmable logic controller (PLC) 9; the PLC 9 is signal-connected to the high-precision temperature sensors 8 and is equipped with a signal interface for communication with the external production line main control system.

[0034] The hot air circulation heating system includes multiple heating tubes 10 arranged inside the drying chamber assembly 1 and facing the steel rail, and multiple turbine fans 11 for driving the forced circulation of hot air in the chamber; the heating tubes 10 and the turbine fans 11 are both controlled by the PLC 9, and the PLC 9 can independently adjust the power of the heating tubes 10 or the speed of the turbine fans 11 in different areas according to the temperature difference detected by the temperature sensor 8.

[0035] The exhaust gas outlet structure includes an exhaust gas outlet channel 15 located at the top of the drying chamber assembly 1 and a standard docking flange 16 located at the end of the channel for connecting an external VOC purifier.

[0036] Installation adapter structure: includes a mounting base 17 that supports the drying chamber assembly 1, and the bottom of the mounting base 17 is provided with multiple height adjustment bolts 18.

[0037] The high-precision temperature sensor 8 is a PT100 platinum resistance sensor with a measurement accuracy of ±1℃; the PLC 9 is a Siemens S7-1200 series PLC, which has a pre-stored library of curing temperature parameters corresponding to different rail specifications and paint layer thicknesses, and uses a PID closed-loop control algorithm to control the temperature fluctuation of the sealed chamber within the set value of ±1℃.

[0038] The heating tubes 10 are infrared heating lamps, arranged in groups along the length of the drying chamber assembly 1, respectively radiating heat to the top, left, right and bottom surfaces of the steel rail; the air outlet of the turbine fan 11 is connected to an arc-shaped guide plate; the PLC 9 independently adjusts the power of the heating tubes 10 and / or the speed of the turbine fan 11 in different areas according to the feedback of the high-precision temperature sensor 8, so that the maximum temperature difference of the sealed chamber is ≤3℃.

[0039] The machining tolerance of the positioning groove on the roller 12 follows the ISO2768-mH general tolerance standard; the variable frequency drive unit 13 is a YVP series variable frequency motor, and its speed is controlled by the PLC 9 to stabilize the conveying speed of the rail at 30mm / s, with a speed error not exceeding ±0.5mm / s.

[0040] The signal interface of the production line linkage control system 3 is an industrial Ethernet Profinet interface, which is used to receive rail specification signals, paint layer thickness signals and workpiece arrival signals from the sandblasting, arc spraying and painting processes of the production line in real time, and realize the automatic setting of drying parameters and process linkage.

[0041] The PLC 9 is also connected to a 4G / 5G communication module, which is used to remotely transmit equipment operation data to the monitoring terminal to realize remote status monitoring and fault early warning.

[0042] The exhaust gas outlet channel 15 is made of 304 stainless steel and its inner diameter is not less than 200mm; the standard docking flange 16 is matched with the air inlet of the HY-HYT-15000m³ / h VOC purifier.

[0043] A method for operating a precision temperature-controlled conveyor-type dryer for rail transit components includes the following steps:

[0044] S1: Parameter setting and equipment self-test: After the equipment is started, the PLC 9 automatically receives the rail specifications and paint thickness information transmitted from the production line through the signal interface, or receives manually input information through the human-machine interface, and automatically matches and sets the corresponding curing temperature and conveying speed from the pre-stored parameter library; subsequently, the PLC 9 performs self-tests on the high-precision temperature sensor 8, heating tube 10, turbine fan 11 and frequency conversion drive unit 13;

[0045] S2: Preheating and closed-loop temperature control: After the self-test is passed, the PLC 9 starts the heating tube 10 and the turbine fan 11. Based on the real-time feedback data of the high-precision temperature sensor 8, the power of the heating tube 10 is dynamically adjusted through the PID algorithm so that the temperature of the sealed chamber can be quickly raised to the set value and stabilized within the fluctuation range of ±1℃.

[0046] S3: Conveying and Uniform Temperature Drying: The steel rail is smoothly introduced through the inclined guide plate 14 and fed into the sealed chamber at a constant speed by the roller 12; during the conveying process, each surface of the steel rail receives directional radiation heating from the heating pipe 10 in the corresponding area and uniform hot air convection driven by the turbine fan 11, so as to achieve uniform curing of the paint layer; at the same time, the PLC 9 continuously monitors the temperature difference of each area and dynamically adjusts it to keep the temperature difference of the chamber ≤3℃;

[0047] S4: Waste gas treatment: The VOC waste gas generated during the drying process is discharged through the waste gas outlet channel 15 and transported to the external VOC purifier for centralized purification treatment through the standard docking flange 16.

[0048] S5: Output and production line linkage: After the paint layer on the rail is cured, it is transported out of the sealed chamber, and the PLC 9 sends a process completion signal to the production line; if the parameters of the preceding process on the production line change, the production line linkage control system 3 receives and adjusts the drying parameters in real time to ensure the continuity of the entire process.

[0049] In step S3, if the PLC 9 detects that the temperature difference trend in a certain area exceeds 2°C, it immediately fine-tunes the speed of the turbine fan 11 or the power of the heating tube 10 in the corresponding area to perform preventive temperature control.

[0050] After the equipment is shut down, the turbine fan 11 continues to run for a period of time to purge the volatile gases remaining in the sealed chamber.

[0051] This invention provides a precision temperature-controlled conveyor-type dryer for rail transit components, which offers significant comprehensive advantages over existing technologies. These advantages are concentrated in four dimensions: precision, efficiency, integration, and reliability. Firstly, regarding precision, by constructing a dedicated parameter library for rail specifications and paint layer thickness, the drying temperature fluctuation is strictly controlled within ±1℃. This fundamentally solves the quality problems caused by large temperature fluctuations, such as incomplete paint curing, decreased adhesion, or over-drying and cracking, ensuring the stability and consistency of the rail anti-corrosion coating. Secondly, regarding efficiency, the equipment adopts an active temperature uniformity design with "multi-directional infrared heating lamps + turbine fan coordination + arc-shaped guide channel," ensuring that the maximum internal temperature difference does not exceed 3℃, far lower than the over 8℃ level of existing equipment. This guarantees the uniformity of drying for all parts of long rails. Simultaneously, the combination of a double-layer insulated box and internal insulation cotton for efficient heat preservation, along with direct infrared radiation heating, greatly improves production efficiency and reduces operating costs. Third, in terms of production line integration and adaptability, it achieves automatic synchronization and seamless linkage between drying parameters and parameters of preceding processes such as sandblasting, spraying, and painting, eliminating process connection gaps. Finally, in terms of operational reliability and ease of maintenance, it ensures excellent compatibility between components and overall equipment operational stability. Thus, it achieves a high-performance drying solution that integrates precise temperature control, high efficiency and energy saving, intelligent linkage, environmental compliance, and stable reliability, completely overcoming a series of systemic technical bottlenecks faced by existing independent drying equipment when applied to rail corrosion prevention production lines.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, a paint layer is used to cure a 25-meter-long, 60kg / m heavy steel rail, with a designed paint layer thickness of 200μm.

[0054] After the equipment is started, it first enters the parameter matching and self-test stage: the operator selects the production line linkage mode, and the Siemens S7-1200 PLC 9 configured in the dryer receives the rail specifications (60kg / m) and paint layer thickness (200μm) signals transmitted by the main control system of the production line in real time through the preset Profinet interface, and immediately matches and sets the best process parameters - curing temperature 130℃ and conveying speed 30mm / s.

[0055] Subsequently, the system performs a comprehensive self-test on the 12 PT100 high-precision temperature sensors 8, 240 heating tubes 10, 5 turbine fans 11, and YVP-1.5 variable frequency drive unit 13 located on the top, left, right, and bottom of the drying chamber assembly 1. After confirming that all components are operating normally, it automatically enters the preheating process.

[0056] During the preheating phase, PLC 9 synchronously starts the heating element 10 and the turbine fan 11. Based on real-time feedback data from the temperature sensor 8, a PID closed-loop control algorithm runs with a cycle of 0.5 seconds to dynamically adjust the power output of the heating element 10 in each area. In just 10 minutes, the temperature of the 30-meter-long drying chamber is raised to 130℃ and maintained stably within a fluctuation range of ±1℃, with temperature stability far exceeding that of conventional equipment. At this time, the painted steel rail is sent from the production line to the drying station and smoothly guided in through the inlet inclined guide plate 14. Its I-shaped cross-section is precisely embedded in the positioning grooves of 20 sets of rollers 12. Driven by the frequency conversion drive unit 13, it passes through the chamber at a precise speed of 30mm / s ±0.5mm / s. During the drying process (approximately 13.9 minutes), each surface of the rail receives directional radiant heating from the corresponding heating pipes 10. Five turbine fans 11 blow hot air evenly onto the rail surface through arc-shaped guide plates to form forced convection. PLC 9 continuously monitors the temperature of the area. If the temperature difference trend exceeds 2°C, it immediately fine-tunes the speed of the corresponding fan or the power of the heating pipe to ensure that the maximum temperature difference in the chamber does not exceed 3°C, thereby achieving synchronous and uniform curing of the paint layer and completely avoiding defects caused by uneven heating.

[0057] Meanwhile, the trace amounts of VOC waste gas generated during drying are collected in the top gas collection channel of the chamber and discharged into the waste gas outlet channel 15. Through a 200mm inner diameter 304 stainless steel channel and a standard end flange 16, the waste gas is completely transported to the matching HY-HYT-15000m³ / h VOC purifier for centralized treatment, achieving zero waste gas leakage. Throughout the entire process, PLC 9 is linked with the production line in real time, and the drying parameters are adjusted synchronously with the preceding processes. After the steel rail is completely discharged from the chamber, the system automatically switches to standby mode, awaiting the next batch of workpieces.

[0058] In addition, the M24 height adjustment bolts 18 at the bottom of the mounting base 17 can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual conditions of the production line foundation to accommodate unevenness errors of ±50mm, ensuring precise connection between the equipment and the conveying mechanisms of the preceding and following processes. In this embodiment, the equipment completes the high-quality paint curing of a 25-meter-long steel rail within a total cycle of 40 minutes (including preheating), reducing energy consumption by more than 35% compared to traditional general-purpose equipment. Furthermore, the entire process requires no manual intervention, the coating quality is stable, and it can be seamlessly integrated with the steel rail anti-corrosion production line.

[0059] To highlight the technical advantages of this invention, a comparative test was conducted on steel rails of the same specifications (25 meters long, 60 kg / m, paint thickness 200 μm) using a conventional industrial electric heating drying device. This conventional device lacks a linkage function, and the operator needs to manually set the temperature range of 125-135℃ on a simple temperature controller based on experience. The K-type thermocouple sensor it is equipped with has a measurement accuracy of only ±5℃, making precise temperature control impossible.

[0060] This conventional equipment uses a single-layer shell structure with extremely poor insulation. Internally, it only contains ordinary electric heating elements and a simple axial flow fan. After startup, the chamber temperature fluctuates drastically, oscillating within a range of ±5℃ for extended periods, with the actual temperature between 128℃ and 142℃. The steel rails are conveyed via ordinary flat belts without any positioning structure, resulting in frequent misalignment and vibration during transport, leading to poor speed stability. Furthermore, the heating system lacks directional design and the hot air circulation is unreasonable, resulting in a chamber temperature difference exceeding 10℃. This causes incomplete curing and poor adhesion of the paint layer on the back and bottom surfaces of the steel rails, while the surfaces facing the heating elements develop blistering and cracking defects due to overheating. Simultaneously, VOC emissions are directly discharged through a simple exhaust port on the top of the chamber, polluting the environment and posing safety hazards.

[0061] Furthermore, when this conventional equipment is integrated with existing rail corrosion protection production lines, it requires extensive modifications to the conveyor tracks and control lines, and cannot achieve process linkage. The drying cycle for a single rail exceeds 60 minutes, resulting in low overall efficiency and high energy consumption, which completely fails to meet the requirements of modern, continuous, and environmentally friendly rail corrosion protection production.

[0062] This invention organically integrates core technologies such as ±1℃ high-precision closed-loop temperature control, directional heating and turbine fan coordinated flow uniformity, precise positioning and conveying of the I-shaped cross-section of the rail, seamless linkage control of the production line, directional exhaust treatment of VOC waste gas, and foundation-adaptive installation into an integrated system solution. It fundamentally solves the systemic problem of interconnected isolated defects in existing technologies and achieves deep adaptation of equipment structure to rail production scenarios.

[0063] The above comparative tests fully exposed many shortcomings of existing conventional equipment. However, the embodiments of the present invention demonstrate that its core technical indicators have been improved by a significant margin: the temperature control accuracy has been optimized from ±5℃ to ±1℃, the maximum temperature difference in the chamber has been reduced from ≥10℃ to ≤3℃, the drying cycle has been shortened from more than 60 minutes to 40 minutes, and energy consumption has been reduced by more than 35%. At the same time, it achieves defect-free curing of coatings, compliant treatment of exhaust gas, and seamless adaptation to production lines, fully demonstrating the outstanding substantive features and significant progress of the present invention compared with the prior art.

[0064] This invention achieves stable quality, maximizes efficiency, and meets environmental standards in the drying of rail paint layers through structural optimization and system integration. It effectively reduces production costs, enhances the market competitiveness of rail anti-corrosion products, and has broad commercial application value and promotion prospects in the field of anti-corrosion treatment of rail transit components.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to describe the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the technical methods. The present invention can be extended to other modifications, variations, applications and embodiments, and therefore all such modifications, variations, applications and embodiments are considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precision temperature-controlled conveyor-type dryer for rail transit components, characterized in that, include: The drying chamber assembly (1) has a sealed chamber inside for drying the steel rails. The chamber assembly is a double-layer heat insulation structure consisting of an inner steel plate (4), an outer steel plate (5) and a rock wool insulation layer (6) filled therebetween. Silicon rubber sealing curtains (7) are provided at the inlet and outlet. The conveying and positioning mechanism (2) is located at the bottom of the drying box assembly (1), including multiple rollers (12) with positioning grooves on their surfaces that match the I-shaped cross section of the rails, a frequency conversion drive unit (13) that drives the rollers (12) to rotate, and inclined guide plates (14) located at the inlet and outlet ends of the conveying and positioning mechanism (2). The production line linkage control system (3) includes multiple high-precision temperature sensors (8) installed on the inner wall of the drying chamber assembly (1) and a programmable logic controller (PLC) (9); the PLC (9) is connected to the high-precision temperature sensors (8) and is equipped with a signal interface for communication with the external production line main control system. The hot air circulation heating system includes multiple heating tubes (10) arranged inside the drying chamber assembly (1) and facing the rail, and multiple turbine fans (11) for driving the forced circulation of hot air in the chamber; the heating tubes (10) and the turbine fans (11) are both controlled by the PLC (9), and the PLC (9) can independently adjust the power of the heating tubes (10) or the speed of the turbine fans (11) in different areas according to the temperature difference detected by the temperature sensor (8); The exhaust gas outlet structure includes an exhaust gas outlet channel (15) located at the top of the drying box assembly (1) and a standard docking flange (16) located at the end of the channel for connecting an external VOC purifier. Mounting adapter structure: includes a mounting base (17) supporting the drying chamber assembly (1), and the bottom of the mounting base (17) is provided with multiple height adjustment bolts (18).

2. The precision temperature-controlled conveyor-type dryer for rail transit components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-precision temperature sensor (8) is a PT100 platinum resistance sensor with a measurement accuracy of ±1℃; the PLC (9) is a Siemens S7-1200 series PLC, which has a pre-stored library of curing temperature parameters corresponding to different rail specifications and paint layer thicknesses, and uses a PID closed-loop control algorithm to control the temperature fluctuation of the sealed chamber within the range of ±1℃ of the set value.

3. A precision temperature-controlled conveyor-type dryer for rail transit components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating tubes (10) are infrared heating lamps, arranged in groups along the length of the drying chamber assembly (1), respectively radiating heat to the top, left, right and bottom surfaces of the rails; the outlet of the turbine fan (11) is connected to an arc-shaped guide plate; the PLC (9) independently adjusts the power of the heating tubes (10) and / or the speed of the turbine fan (11) in different areas according to the feedback of the high-precision temperature sensor (8), so that the maximum temperature difference of the sealed chamber is ≤3℃.

4. A precision temperature-controlled conveyor-type dryer for rail transit components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The machining tolerance of the positioning groove on the roller (12) follows the ISO2768-mH general tolerance standard; the variable frequency drive unit (13) is a YVP series variable frequency motor, and its speed is controlled by the PLC (9) to make the conveying speed of the rail stable at 30mm / s, with a speed error not exceeding ±0.5mm / s.

5. A precision temperature-controlled conveyor-type dryer for rail transit components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal interface of the production line linkage control system (3) is an industrial Ethernet Profinet interface, which is used to receive rail specification signals, paint layer thickness signals and workpiece arrival signals from the sandblasting, arc spraying and painting processes of the production line in real time, and realize the automatic setting of drying parameters and process linkage.

6. A precision temperature-controlled conveyor-type dryer for rail transit components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PLC (9) is also connected to a 4G / 5G communication module, which is used to remotely transmit equipment operation data to the monitoring terminal to realize remote status monitoring and fault early warning.

7. A precision temperature-controlled conveyor-type dryer for rail transit components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust gas outlet channel (15) is made of 304 stainless steel and its inner diameter is not less than 200mm; the standard docking flange (16) is matched with the air inlet of the HY-HYT-15000m³ / h VOC purifier.

8. The working method of a precision temperature-controlled rail transit component conveyor dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Parameter setting and equipment self-test: After the equipment is started, the PLC (9) automatically receives the rail specifications and paint thickness information transmitted by the production line through the signal interface, or receives manually input information through the human-machine interface, and automatically matches and sets the corresponding curing temperature and conveying speed from the pre-stored parameter library; then, the PLC (9) performs self-test on the high-precision temperature sensor (8), heating tube (10), turbine fan (11) and frequency conversion drive unit (13); S2: Preheating and closed-loop temperature control: After the self-test is passed, the PLC (9) starts the heating tube (10) and the turbine fan (11). Based on the real-time feedback data of the high-precision temperature sensor (8), the power of the heating tube (10) is dynamically adjusted through the PID algorithm so that the temperature of the sealed chamber can be quickly raised to the set value and stabilized within the fluctuation range of ±1℃. S3: Conveying and Uniform Temperature Drying: The steel rail is smoothly introduced through the inclined guide plate (14) and fed into the sealed chamber at a constant speed by the roller (12); During the transport process, each surface of the rail receives directional radiative heating from the heating pipe (10) in the corresponding area and uniform hot air convection driven by the turbine fan (11) to achieve uniform curing of the paint layer; at the same time, the PLC (9) continuously monitors the temperature difference in each area and dynamically adjusts it to keep the temperature difference in the cavity ≤3℃. S4: Waste gas treatment: The VOC waste gas generated during the drying process is discharged through the waste gas outlet channel (15) and transported to the external VOC purifier for centralized purification treatment through the standard docking flange (16); S5: Output and production line linkage: After the steel rail paint layer is cured, it is transported out of the sealed chamber, and the PLC (9) sends a process completion signal to the production line; if the parameters of the preceding process of the production line change, the production line linkage control system (3) receives and adjusts the drying parameters in real time to ensure the continuity of the entire process.

9. The working method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S3, if the PLC (9) detects that the temperature difference trend in a certain area exceeds 2°C, it immediately fine-tunes the speed of the turbine fan (11) or the power of the heating tube (10) in the corresponding area to carry out preventive temperature control.

10. The working method according to claim 8, characterized in that, After the equipment is shut down, the turbine fan (11) continues to run for a period of time to purge the volatile gases remaining in the sealed chamber.

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