Laser processing auxiliary device for button plating radium carving

Abstract

This invention discloses a laser processing auxiliary device for laser engraving of button coatings, belonging to the field of laser processing auxiliary technology. It includes: a laser device; a coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure, which, from the outside in, is sequentially configured as a bionic joint anti-splash component, a swirling air curtain generating ring, and a negative pressure adsorption tube; the bionic joint anti-splash component, swirling air curtain generating ring, and negative pressure adsorption tube are integrated into one unit through the coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure. The bionic joint anti-splash component uses multiple joint blocks connected in series via a hinged structure to achieve three-degree-of-freedom bending in space, with attitude synchronization adjusted by a logic controller's predictive drive. The annular air film generating grooves on the surface of the joint blocks form a non-contact air film, constructing a dynamic sealing barrier. The vortex field generated by the swirling air curtain generating ring and the axial negative pressure of the negative pressure adsorption tube form a coupled flow field, achieving graded entrainment and directional discharge of splashes, achieving high-precision non-contact protection and adaptive adjustment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser processing auxiliary technology, specifically to a laser processing auxiliary device for laser engraving of button coatings. Background Technology

[0002] In various electronic devices, automotive control panels, and industrial instruments, button-type components typically require surface plating and laser engraving for character or pattern marking. During laser engraving, the laser beam generates high-temperature molten spatter when it acts on the plating material. If this spatter adheres to the workpiece surface or the processing area, it will directly affect the laser engraving accuracy and surface quality, and may even cause plating contamination or product scrap.

[0003] Currently, conventional laser processing assistance methods mostly use external dust collection devices or simple protective covers to collect spatter. However, the distance between the dust collection port and the processing area is relatively far, making it difficult to effectively capture spatter at the moment it is generated. This causes some spatter to escape into the surrounding environment. Furthermore, for button workpieces with complex curved surfaces or deep cavity structures, traditional rigid protective structures cannot dynamically adjust their posture according to the processing trajectory, which can easily lead to interference with the workpiece or the creation of blind spots. At the same time, existing protective devices lack the ability to classify and process spatter particles by size. Large particles of spatter can easily clog the filtration system, affecting the stability of continuous operation. Moreover, the contact between the workpiece and the protective structure is mostly rigid, which can easily scratch the coating surface. In addition, there is a lack of adaptive adjustment mechanism, making it difficult to cope with workpiece size deviations or thermal deformation during processing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser processing auxiliary device for laser engraving of button coatings, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a laser processing auxiliary device for laser engraving of button coatings, comprising: Laser device; The coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure is composed of, from the outside in, a biomimetic joint anti-splash component, a swirling air curtain generating ring, and a negative pressure adsorption tube. The biomimetic joint anti-splash component comprises multiple joint blocks, a hinge structure, and a flexible connection structure. The multiple joint blocks are connected in series through the hinge structure and are respectively arranged around the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis to form a three-degree-of-freedom bending capability in space. The outer surface of the joint block is provided with an annular air film generating groove, the bottom of the annular air film generating groove is provided with a micropore array, and the annular air film generating groove is connected to an external compressed air source. The joint block is provided with an annular guide rail on its outside. At least two sets of miniature linear guide rails that can be raised and lowered are slidably connected to the annular guide rail. The sliding positioning seat of the miniature linear guide rail is connected to the joint block through a miniature electromagnetic telescopic guide rod. The swirling air curtain generating ring is coaxially sleeved on the top of the inner wall of the joint block. The swirling air curtain generating ring has multiple tangential air holes inside. The axes of the multiple tangential air holes form a tangential angle of 15°-30° with the radial plane of the swirling air curtain generating ring. The tangential air holes are connected to an external compressed air source through a negative pressure adsorption tube. The negative pressure adsorption tube is coaxially sleeved outside the swirling gas curtain generating ring and communicates with the negative pressure adsorption chamber inside the swirling gas curtain generating ring. The negative pressure adsorption chamber is connected to the vacuum generator at the bottom.

[0006] Preferably, the bionic joint anti-splash assembly further includes: The bearing plate has sliding grooves evenly spaced around its surface; A rolling ball is installed at the bottom of the joint block, and the rolling ball is slidably connected to the inside of the sliding groove; A miniature angular displacement sensor is installed at the axial position of the joint block; The bottom micro electromagnetic push rod is installed at the bottom of the micro linear guide rail and connected to the outer wall of the bottom joint block, and applies a force in the second direction; A flexible contact ball is installed on the side end of a miniature electromagnetic telescopic guide rod to apply a first directional force to the outer wall of the joint block at the top. The first directional force and the second directional force are arranged in parallel.

[0007] Preferably, the bionic joint anti-splash component further includes: The middle hinge is located between the joint blocks connected at the top and bottom; Rotate the ring shaft, which is rotatably connected to the joint block and the connecting end of the middle hinge.

[0008] Preferably, the hinge structure includes: First-direction connector; Second-direction connector; A rotating shaft is vertically connected and is hinged to a first direction connector and a second direction connector respectively. The side ends of the first direction connector and the second direction connector are each provided with an axial threaded ball joint that connects to the central hinge.

[0009] Preferably, the flexible connection structure includes: The central hinge has a valve tube inside that communicates with the negative pressure adsorption chamber, and the valve tube is connected to the negative pressure adsorption tube. A flexible connector is located at both ends of the central hinge, and the flexible connector is connected to the sidewalls of the joint blocks at both ends respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the laser device is internally equipped with a logic controller, which is electrically connected to the CNC system of the laser device, the micro angular displacement sensor, the micro electromagnetic telescopic guide rod, the bottom micro electromagnetic push guide rod, the control valve of the external compressed air source, and the vacuum generator, respectively. The logic controller is used to obtain the real-time position coordinates of the laser head of the laser device and the three-dimensional contour of the button workpiece, calculate and analyze the target posture of the joint block in advance, drive the micro electromagnetic telescopic guide rod to actively adjust the bending shape of the joint block, and drive the bottom micro electromagnetic push guide rod to adjust the distance between the bottom joint block and the button workpiece.

[0011] Preferably, the annular air film generating groove is divided into four independent sector-shaped sections along the circumferential direction of the outer surface of the joint block. Each sector-shaped section corresponds to a micro-pore array controlled in series. Each sector-shaped section is equipped with an independent micro-electromagnetic valve between itself and the external compressed air source. Each sector-shaped section is embedded with a micro-pressure sensor. The micro-electromagnetic valve and the micro-pressure sensor are electrically connected to the controller to form a zoned independent adjustment structure for the air film pressure.

[0012] Preferably, a laser ranging sensor is installed on the side of the laser head of the laser device, and the laser ranging sensor is signal-connected to the logic controller.

[0013] Preferably, the working area of ​​the laser device is equipped with a transverse drive structure, and the coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure is installed at the top front end of the transverse drive structure.

[0014] Preferably, the front end of the laser device is provided with a workpiece gripping and centering structure near the coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure, which is used to move the workpiece to be processed onto the axial surface of the coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure for placement.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: In this invention, a biomimetic joint anti-splash component, a swirling air curtain generating ring, and a negative pressure adsorption tube are integrated into a single unit through a coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure. The biomimetic joint anti-splash component employs multiple joint blocks connected in series via a hinged structure, combined with a flexible connection structure, to achieve three-degree-of-freedom bending capability in space. A logic controller pre-determines and drives the micro-electromagnetic telescopic guide rod and the bottom micro-electromagnetic push guide rod based on the laser head trajectory and the workpiece's three-dimensional contour, achieving millisecond-level synchronous adjustment of the posture. This solves the problems of traditional rigid protective structures being unable to dynamically adjust with the processing trajectory and easily creating blind spots. The annular air film generating grooves on the joint block surface are independently adjustable in four zones, forming a non-contact air film of constant thickness, which avoids scratching the coating and constructs a dynamic sealing barrier. Through the deep integration of structure, pneumatics, and control, the entire system achieves high-precision non-contact protection, efficient collection of splashes, and adaptive adjustment during the processing. This design creates a coupled flow field between the rotating vortex field generated by the swirling air curtain ring and the axial negative pressure of the negative pressure adsorption tube. By utilizing the synergistic effect of centrifugal force and negative pressure suction, splashes are classified and treated according to particle size. Large-diameter splashes are separated by centrifugal force and gravity sedimentation, while small-diameter splashes are directionally discharged by negative pressure suction. This solves the problems of easy escape of splashes and easy clogging of the filtration system due to lack of classified treatment in the existing technology. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure in this invention; Figure 3 In this invention Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram at point A; Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hinged structure and the flexible connection structure in this invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 100, laser device; 200, workpiece gripping and centering structure; 300, lateral movement drive structure; 400, coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure; 401, bearing plate; 402, sliding groove; 403, rolling ball; 404, joint block; 405, hinge structure; 4051, first direction connector; 4052, axial threaded ball joint; 4053, rotating shaft; 4054, second direction connector; 406, flexible connection structure; 4061 4061. Middle hinge; 4062. Flexible connector; 407. Annular air film generating groove; 408. Annular guide rail; 409. Micropore array; 410. Swirl air curtain generating ring; 411. Negative pressure adsorption tube; 412. Miniature linear guide rail; 413. Sliding positioning seat; 414. Miniature electromagnetic telescopic guide rod; 415. Flexible abutment ball; 416. Bottom miniature electromagnetic push guide rod; 417. Rotating ring shaft; 418. Middle hinge; 419. Vacuum generator. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Reference Figures 1-5 As shown: A laser processing auxiliary device for laser engraving of button coating includes: a laser device 100; a coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure 400, which is arranged from the outside to the inside as a bionic joint anti-splash assembly, a swirling air curtain generating ring 410, and a negative pressure adsorption tube 411; the bionic joint anti-splash assembly includes multiple joint blocks 404, a hinge structure 405, and a flexible connection structure 406, wherein the multiple joint blocks 404 are connected in series through the hinge structure 405 and are respectively arranged around the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis to form a spatial three-way free The joint block 404 has a bending capacity; an annular air film generating groove 407 is formed on the outer surface of the joint block 404, and a micro-hole array 409 is provided at the bottom of the annular air film generating groove 407. The annular air film generating groove 407 is connected to an external compressed air source; an annular guide rail 408 is provided on the outside of the joint block 404, and at least two sets of liftable micro linear guide rails 412 are slidably connected on the annular guide rail 408. The sliding positioning seat 413 of the micro linear guide rail 412 is connected to the joint block 404 through a micro electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414.

[0020] Specifically, the button workpiece is first fixed on the laser device 100, i.e., the worktable of the laser processing machine tool, and the top surfaces of the coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure 400 and the transverse drive structure 300 are installed to ensure that the center line of the laser beam of the laser device 100 is coaxial with the axis of the negative pressure adsorption tube 411, the axis of the swirling air curtain generating ring 410, and the axis of the bionic joint anti-splash component.

[0021] Next, the logic controller is activated. It establishes a communication connection with the CNC system of the laser device 100, acquires the spatial coordinate reference point of the current laser head, and retrieves the three-dimensional contour model data of the batch of button workpieces from the storage unit. This enables the logic controller to control and adjust the miniature electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414, the solenoid valve of the external compressed air source, the vacuum generator 419, and other components.

[0022] Subsequently, the logic controller controls and activates the external compressed air source and vacuum generator 419. Compressed gas is delivered via pipeline to the micropore array 409 of the annular gas film generating groove 407, forming a continuous gas film with a thickness of 0.05 mm to 0.2 mm between the outer surface of the joint block 404 and the inner wall of the button workpiece, keeping the joint block 404 in a non-contact suspended state with the workpiece surface. Simultaneously, compressed gas is delivered to the tangential air holes of the swirling air curtain generating ring 410, forming a downward rotating vortex flow field inside the swirling air curtain generating ring 410. The vacuum generator 419 then generates an axial negative pressure suction force coaxial with the laser beam inside the negative pressure adsorption tube 411.

[0023] When the laser processing machine tool starts executing the laser engraving program, the laser device 100 moves according to a preset trajectory. The logic controller obtains the current position coordinates of the laser head and the target position coordinates at the next moment from the CNC system in real time, and the sampling frequency is synchronized with the interpolation cycle of the CNC system.

[0024] Next, the logic controller spatially matches the real-time position coordinates of the laser head with the 3D contour model of the button workpiece to determine the azimuth, pitch, and distance parameters of the laser head relative to the workpiece surface. This allows the logic controller to identify the curvature change trend of the workpiece surface corresponding to the processing area that the laser head is about to enter.

[0025] Subsequently, the logic controller uses the free end of the bionic joint anti-splash component, i.e., the end closest to the workpiece, as the end of motion execution, and calculates and analyzes the motion trajectory of the laser head and the target rotation angle required by each joint block 404 in real time. This allows the logic controller to convert the calculated target rotation angle of each joint block 404 into a drive signal for the extension and retraction of the micro electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414. After receiving the drive signal, the micro electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414 applies torque at the connection point with the joint block 404, causing the joint block 404 to bend at a corresponding angle around the X-axis, Y-axis, or Z-axis of the hinge structure 405. During this process, it pushes the sliding positioning seat 413 up and down along the micro linear guide rail 412, thereby driving the micro electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414 to achieve height adjustment. Furthermore, based on the workpiece model, the micro electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414 pushes the joint block 404 to different positions.

[0026] As the laser head reaches the target position, the bionic joint anti-splash component has completed its attitude adjustment, ensuring that the outer surface of the joint block 404 remains parallel to the inner wall of the workpiece and the distance between them is constant at the air film thickness value, thus achieving millisecond-level synchronous predictive adjustment of the protective form and the processing trajectory.

[0027] Simultaneously, during the laser engraving process of the button coating by the laser device 100 emitting a laser beam, the interaction between the laser and the coating material generates high-temperature molten spatter. This spatter disperses in all directions with different particle sizes and initial velocities.

[0028] At this point, the downward rotating vortex flow field generated by the outermost swirling air curtain generating ring 410 first acts on the splashes. Due to the tangential velocity component of the vortex flow field, the splashes are subjected to centrifugal force. Larger splashes experience greater centrifugal force and are thrown towards the periphery of the vortex flow field. They then move downwards along the inner wall of the swirling air curtain generating ring 410 under the combined action of gravity and airflow entrainment, eventually falling into the bottom dust collection device. Smaller splashes experience less centrifugal force and are drawn towards the central area by the vortex flow field. Simultaneously, the axial negative pressure suction force generated by the inner negative pressure adsorption tube 411 draws the small-diameter splashes gathered in the central area axially into the tube, forming a graded collection: large-diameter splashes are separated by centrifugal force and gravity sedimentation, while small-diameter splashes are directionally discharged by negative pressure suction. These two mechanisms work in parallel without interfering with each other, achieving graded treatment of the splashes by particle size. The vortex flow field and the negative pressure suction force form a coupled flow field with an outer vortex entrainment and an inner negative pressure suction. That is, the outer vortex flow field classifies the splashes according to their particle size and throws them toward the center through centrifugal force, while the inner negative pressure field directs the splashes out of the processing area through axial suction force.

[0029] Meanwhile, the continuous air film between the outer surface of the joint block 404 and the inner wall of the workpiece acts as a dynamic sealing barrier. The continuous air film not only keeps the joint block 404 in a non-contact state with the workpiece, avoiding scratches on the coating, but also isolates the processing area from the external environment, preventing spatter from escaping from the gap between the joint block 404 and the workpiece, ensuring that all spatter is confined within the range of the coupled flow field.

[0030] Furthermore, during continuous processing, the entire device can continuously perform dynamic adaptive adjustments based on changes in the laser head's motion trajectory and the workpiece's surface contour.

[0031] When the laser head moves to an area with significant changes in the curvature of the workpiece surface, the logic controller detects the changing distance between the front end of the articulator block 404 and the workpiece surface in real time. Based on this distance change signal, the logic controller adjusts the bending angle of the articulator block 404 via the miniature electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414 to ensure that the outer surface of the articulator block 404 remains parallel to the inner wall of the workpiece. Simultaneously, the logic controller adjusts the air pressure supplied from the external compressed air source to the annular air film generating groove 407, maintaining the air film thickness within a set range of 0.05mm to 0.2mm to compensate for gap fluctuations caused by changes in the workpiece surface curvature. Subsequently, when an increase in the amount of spatter or a change in particle size distribution is detected, this can be indirectly determined through optical sensors or air pressure fluctuations. The logic controller then adjusts the air pressure supplied to the swirling air curtain generating ring 410 or the number of tangential air holes opened to change the intensity of the vortex flow field, adapting to the spatter control requirements of different processing stages.

[0032] During this process, the logic controller adjusts the suction power of the vacuum generator 419 according to the changes in airflow pressure inside the negative pressure adsorption tube 411, ensuring that the negative pressure suction force and the swirling intensity are always matched, maintaining the optimal working state of the coupled flow field. In the interval between the laser head completing one processing area and moving to another, the logic controller quickly resets the bionic joint anti-splash component to the preset posture of the next area, achieving continuous and uninterrupted protection during the processing.

[0033] The splashes drawn in by the negative pressure adsorption tube 411 are carried by the airflow into a separation device connected downstream of the negative pressure adsorption tube 411, such as a conventional cyclone and inertial composite separation chamber. Next, the airflow containing the splashes enters the separation chamber tangentially, and under the combined action of centrifugal force and inertial force, the splashes separate from the airflow. Larger splashes lose kinetic energy after impacting the inner wall of the separation chamber and fall into the dust collection box at the bottom of the laser device 100; smaller splashes continue to move upward with the airflow and enter the subsequent filtration device for further purification. Afterwards, a magnetic suction device at the bottom of the dust collection box adsorbs and fixes the iron-based splashes, preventing them from being stirred up again by airflow disturbance. Operators can observe the collection of splashes through a transparent window on the side wall of the dust collection box.

[0034] Preferred, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the swirling air curtain generating ring 410 is coaxially sleeved on the top of the inner wall of the joint block 404. The swirling air curtain generating ring 410 has multiple tangential air holes inside. The axis of the multiple tangential air holes forms a tangential angle of 15°-30° with the radial plane of the swirling air curtain generating ring 410. The tangential air holes are connected to an external compressed air source through a negative pressure adsorption tube 411. It should be noted that the negative pressure adsorption tube 411 can be configured as a coaxial sleeve, with the inner or outer layer being a negative pressure channel and the other layer being an air supply channel. The negative pressure adsorption tube 411 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the swirling air curtain generating ring 410 and is connected to the negative pressure adsorption chamber inside the swirling air curtain generating ring 410. The negative pressure adsorption chamber is connected to the vacuum generator 419 at the bottom.

[0035] Specifically, during the laser engraving process of the button coating by the laser device 100 emitting a laser beam, the laser interacts with the coating material to generate high-temperature molten spatter. These spatters disperse in all directions with different particle sizes and initial velocities. The swirling air curtain generating ring 410 located at the top of the inner wall of the joint block 404 begins to operate. External compressed gas enters the tangential air hole of the swirling air curtain generating ring 410 through the tube wall channel of the negative pressure adsorption tube 411. Since the axis of the tangential air hole forms a tangential angle of 15° to 30° with the radial plane, the compressed gas generates a downward rotating vortex flow field inside the swirling air curtain generating ring 410 after being injected tangentially. This vortex flow field rotates downward along the inner wall of the swirling air curtain generating ring 410, forming a swirling entrainment effect.

[0036] Subsequently, under the influence of the vortex flow field, the splashes are subjected to centrifugal force. Larger splashes are thrown towards the periphery of the vortex flow field by centrifugal force and move downwards along the inner wall of the swirling air curtain ring 410; smaller splashes are entrained by the vortex flow field and accumulate towards the central region. At the same time, the vortex flow field generates a downward axial velocity during rotation, transporting the splashes towards the negative pressure adsorption chamber.

[0037] Next, the negative pressure adsorption tube 411 located outside the swirling air curtain generating ring 410 is connected to the negative pressure adsorption chamber inside the swirling air curtain generating ring 410. The vacuum generator 419 generates an axial negative pressure suction force inside the negative pressure adsorption chamber and the negative pressure adsorption tube 411. This axial negative pressure suction force, together with the vortex flow field, forms a coupled flow field of swirling entrainment and negative pressure suction: the outer vortex flow field classifies and transports the splashes downward through centrifugal force and axial velocity components, while the inner negative pressure suction force draws the splashes accumulated in the negative pressure adsorption chamber into the negative pressure adsorption tube 411 through axial negative pressure and discharges them in a directional manner.

[0038] Meanwhile, the continuous air film between the outer surface of the joint block 404 and the inner wall of the workpiece acts as a dynamic sealing barrier. This air film not only keeps the joint block 404 in a non-contact state with the workpiece, avoiding scratches on the coating, but also isolates the processing area from the external environment, preventing spatter from escaping from the gap between the joint block 404 and the workpiece, ensuring that all spatter is confined within the coupled flow field of the swirling air curtain generating ring 410 and the negative pressure adsorption tube 411.

[0039] It should be noted that the negative pressure adsorption tube 411 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the swirling air curtain generating ring 410, making the compressed gas delivery channel and the negative pressure suction channel independent yet coaxially arranged. This allows the compressed gas to enter the swirling air curtain generating ring 410 through the tube wall channel of the negative pressure adsorption tube 411 without interfering with the negative pressure field within the negative pressure adsorption chamber. Simultaneously, the negative pressure adsorption chamber is located inside the swirling air curtain generating ring 410, coinciding with the central region of the vortex flow field, enabling the most effective suction of splashes thrown towards the center by the vortex flow field, thus achieving optimal flow field coupling.

[0040] Preferred, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the bionic joint anti-splash assembly further includes: a sliding groove 402 evenly spaced around the surface of a support plate 401; a rolling ball 403 mounted on the bottom of a joint block 404, the rolling ball 403 and the sliding groove 402 being slidably connected internally; a miniature angular displacement sensor mounted at the axial position of the joint block 404; a bottom miniature electromagnetic push rod 416 mounted on the bottom of a miniature linear guide rail 412 and connected to the outer wall of the bottom joint block 404, applying a second directional force; and a flexible abutment ball 415 mounted on the side end of a miniature electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414, used to apply a first directional force to the outer wall of the top joint block 404, the first directional force and the second directional force being arranged in parallel.

[0041] Specifically, the logic controller converts the target rotation angles of each joint block 404 obtained from the solution into drive signals. The drive signals are sent to the miniature electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414 and the bottom miniature electromagnetic push guide rod 416, respectively. When it is necessary for the joint block 404 to bend in the positive direction around a certain hinge axis, the logic controller drives the miniature electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414 to extend, and the flexible abutment ball 415 at the side end of the miniature electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414 contacts the outer wall of the top joint block 404, applying a first directional force to push the top joint block 404 to bend around the hinge structure 405.

[0042] When the joint block 404 needs to bend in the opposite direction or be positioned assisted around the same hinge axis, the logic controller drives the bottom micro electromagnetic push guide rod 416 to extend, so that the bottom micro electromagnetic push guide rod 416 connects with the outer wall of the bottom joint block 404, and applies a second directional force that is parallel to and in the same or opposite direction to the first directional force. This second directional force works together with the micro electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414 and the flexible abutment ball 415 to achieve precise control of the bending angle of the joint block 404. In this process, the flexible abutment ball 415 is in flexible contact with the outer wall of the joint block 404, which ensures effective force transmission and avoids damage to the surface of the joint block 404 caused by rigid impact.

[0043] Simultaneously, during the bending process of the joint block 404, the rolling ball 403 at the bottom of the joint block 404 rolls along the sliding groove 402 on the bearing plate 401, guiding the bottom of the joint block 404 to slide radially, adapting to the change in bottom position caused by the bending of the joint block 404. The rolling cooperation between the rolling ball 403 and the sliding groove 402 greatly reduces the sliding friction, ensuring the sensitivity and accuracy of attitude adjustment. At the same time, the setting of the rolling ball 403 further coordinates with the adjustment of the joint block 404, and the micro angular displacement sensor detects the current rotation angle of each joint block 404 in real time and feeds it back to the logic controller, so that the logic controller compares the measured angle with the target angle. If there is a deviation, it is corrected until the target attitude is achieved. When the laser head reaches the target position, the bionic joint anti-splash component has completed precise attitude adjustment, so that the outer surface of the joint block 404 always remains parallel to the inner wall of the workpiece with a constant distance, realizing millisecond-level synchronous predictive adjustment of the protective form and the processing trajectory.

[0044] Preferred, such as Figure 4 As shown, the bionic joint anti-splash assembly also includes: a middle hinge 418 located between the joint blocks 404 connected at the top and bottom; and a rotating ring shaft 417 rotatably connected to the connecting ends of the joint blocks 404 and the middle hinge 418.

[0045] Specifically, the middle hinge 418 is located between the top joint block 404 and the bottom joint block 404, that is, the middle hinge 418 is positioned at the connection point of two adjacent joint blocks 404. The rotating ring shaft 417 is rotatably connected to the connection ends of the joint blocks 404 and the middle hinge 418. Through this structure, adjacent joint blocks 404 can achieve relative rotational motion with three degrees of freedom around the X, Y, and Z axes: the middle hinge 418 provides rotational freedom around one axis, and the rotating ring shaft 417 provides rotational freedom around another perpendicular axis, forming a complete three-degree-of-freedom bending capability.

[0046] In this design, the logic controller uses the free end of the biomimetic joint anti-splash component as the end effector to analyze the target rotation angle required by each joint block 404. Because the joint blocks 404 in this structure are connected in series via the central hinge 418 and the rotating ring shaft 417, the overall structure can decompose the three-degree-of-freedom bending in space into multiple rotational motions around different axes, each corresponding to a rotation angle of the rotating ring shaft 417. This allows the logic controller to convert the analyzed target rotation angles of each joint block 404 into drive signals. These drive signals are then sent to the miniature electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414 and the bottom miniature electromagnetic push guide rod 416.

[0047] When the joint block 404 needs to bend forward around a certain rotating ring axis 417, the logic controller drives the micro electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414 to extend. The flexible abutment ball 415 at the side end of the micro electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414 contacts the outer wall of the top joint block 404, applies a first directional force, and pushes the top joint block 404 to rotate and bend relative to the middle hinge member 418 around the rotating ring axis 417.

[0048] When the joint block 404 needs to bend in the opposite direction or be positioned in an auxiliary manner around the same rotating ring axis 417, the controller drives the bottom micro electromagnetic push rod 416 to extend. The bottom micro electromagnetic push rod 416 is connected to the outer wall of the bottom joint block 404 and applies a second directional force that is parallel to and in the same or opposite direction as the first directional force. It works together with the flexible abutment ball 415 to achieve precise control of the bending angle of the joint block 404.

[0049] For situations requiring simultaneous bending around multiple axes, the logic controller coordinates the movements of multiple miniature electromagnetic telescopic guide rods 414 and the bottom miniature electromagnetic push guide rod 416, causing the joint block 404 to generate compound rotational motion around different rotational ring axes 417. The middle hinge 418, acting as the rotation center, ensures the independence and decoupling of multiple rotational degrees of freedom, avoiding motion interference. Miniature electromagnets are mounted at the front ends of both the miniature electromagnetic telescopic guide rods 414 and the bottom miniature electromagnetic push guide rod 416, forming a controllable magnetic attraction with the outer wall surface of the joint block 404. Specifically, when a temporary fixed connection with the outer wall of the joint block 404 is required, the logic controller energizes the miniature electromagnets to generate magnetic attraction, causing the front ends of the guide rods to adhere to the outer wall of the joint block 404; when the connection needs to be released, the logic controller de-energizes the miniature electromagnets, separating the front ends of the guide rods from the outer wall of the joint block 404, achieving controllable connection and disconnection between the driving element and the joint block 404.

[0050] Meanwhile, based on the above, during the bending process of the joint block 404, the rolling ball 403 at the bottom of the joint block 404 rolls along the sliding groove 402 on the bearing plate 401, guiding the bottom of the joint block 404 to slide radially, adapting to the change in bottom position caused by the bending of the joint block 404.

[0051] The logic controller, based on distance change signals, fine-tunes the bending angle of the joint block 404 via the miniature electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414 and the bottom miniature electromagnetic push guide rod 416. During this process, the joint block 404 rotates precisely around the rotation ring axis 417 relative to the middle hinge member 418, while the miniature angular displacement sensor provides real-time feedback on angle changes, forming a closed-loop adjustment that keeps the outer surface of the joint block 404 parallel to the inner wall of the workpiece. Simultaneously, the logic controller adjusts the air supply pressure from the external compressed air source to the annular air film generating groove 407, ensuring the air film thickness remains within a set range and compensating for gap fluctuations caused by changes in the curvature of the workpiece surface.

[0052] Preferred, such as Figure 5 As shown, the hinge structure 405 includes: a first direction connector 4051; a second direction connector 4054; and a rotating shaft 4053 connected vertically. The rotating shaft 4053 is hinged to the first direction connector 4051 and the second direction connector 4054 respectively. The side ends of the first direction connector 4051 and the second direction connector 4054 are each provided with an axial threaded ball joint 4052 that is connected to the central hinge 418.

[0053] Specifically, the first directional connector 4051 and the second directional connector 4054 are respectively assembled to both ends of the rotating shaft 4053. Since the rotating shaft 4053 has a vertical connection structure, the first directional connector 4051 and the second directional connector 4054 are spatially perpendicular to each other. Next, the axial threaded ball joint 4052 located at the side end of the first directional connector 4051 and the axial threaded ball joint 4052 located at the side end of the second directional connector 4054 are respectively aligned with two preset mounting interfaces with different orientations on the central hinge member 418. At this time, the hinge structure 405 is in a pre-installed state to be locked, and the ball heads of the two axial threaded ball joints 4052 are precisely embedded in the sockets of the central hinge member 418.

[0054] After confirming that the spatial positions of the first directional connector 4051 and the second directional connector 4054 meet the design requirements, the operators tighten the threaded locking structures on the two axial threaded ball joints 4052 respectively. As the threads engage, the axial threaded ball joint 4052 displaces along its axial direction, causing the ball joint socket inside to fit tightly against the ball head, eliminating gaps. This achieves a rigid fixed connection between the hinge structure 405 and the middle hinge member 418. At this time, the first directional connector 4051 obtains centering support relative to the middle hinge member 418 through the axial threaded ball joint 4052 on one side, and the second directional connector 4054 also obtains an independent and stable support base through its own axial threaded ball joint 4052.

[0055] During equipment operation, when external loads or motion are transmitted to the first directional connector 4051, since the first directional connector 4051 is hinged to the rotating shaft 4053, the first directional connector 4051 can freely swing or rotate around the first axis of the rotating shaft 4053, thereby absorbing displacement deviations in that direction. Simultaneously, since the rotating shaft 4053 itself is also hinged to the second directional connector 4054, and the second directional connector 4054 is fixed to the central hinge member 418 via an axially threaded ball joint 4052 at its side end, the rotating shaft 4053 can independently swing around its second axis, which is hinged to the second directional connector 4054. In this process, the two axially threaded ball joints 4052 not only provide structural support, but their internal ball joint structure also allows for a small amount of radial deflection compensation while bearing axial loads, ensuring that the first directional connector 4051 and the second directional connector 4054 do not interfere with each other during relative movement.

[0056] When the hinge structure 405 is under stress, the stress from the first-direction connector 4051 first acts on its hinge point with the rotating shaft 4053; subsequently, this stress is transformed into torque or tension on the second-direction connector 4054 through the vertical structure of the rotating shaft 4053; finally, the stress is smoothly transmitted to the middle hinge 418 in the form of axial force through the axially threaded ball joint 4052 installed on the side end of the second-direction connector 4054. In this path, the axially threaded ball joint 4052 located on the side end of the first-direction connector 4051 simultaneously bears the reaction force, forming a torque balance through its connection point with the middle hinge 418. Through the formed double-ended axial ball joint support and vertical cross hinge, the overall structure can independently release rotational degrees of freedom in two mutually perpendicular directions, avoiding the stress concentration phenomenon caused by multi-directional forces in traditional rigid connections.

[0057] Preferred, such as Figure 5 As shown, the flexible connection structure 406 includes: a valve tube that communicates with the negative pressure adsorption chamber is opened inside the central hinge member 4061, and the valve tube is connected to the negative pressure adsorption tube 411; the flexible connector 4062 is located at both ends of the central hinge member 4061, and the flexible connector 4062 is connected to the side wall of the joint block 404 at both ends respectively.

[0058] Specifically, the two flexible connectors 4062 are respectively installed at both ends of the central hinge 4061, ensuring a reliable seal at the connection. Next, the flexible connector 4062 at one end is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first joint block 404, and the flexible connector 4062 at the other end is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second joint block 404. During this process, it is necessary to ensure that the valve pipe inside the central hinge 4061 is correctly positioned relative to the two joint blocks 404, providing a structural basis for subsequent air circuit connections. At this point, the central hinge 4061, the two flexible connectors 4062, and the two joint blocks 404 together constitute a series structure with axial and radial flexible compensation capabilities.

[0059] After the flexible connection structure 406 is mechanically assembled with the joint blocks 404 on both sides, one end of the negative pressure adsorption tube 411 is connected to the pre-set interface on the central hinge 4061. Due to the valve tube and negative pressure adsorption chamber inside the central hinge 4061, a complete negative pressure transmission path is formed after the negative pressure adsorption tube 411 is connected. Starting from the negative pressure source, the path passes sequentially through the negative pressure adsorption tube 411, the valve tube inside the central hinge 4061, and finally reaches the negative pressure adsorption chamber.

[0060] When relative displacement occurs between the two joint blocks 404, such as axial expansion, radial sway, or angular torsion caused by mechanical motion, thermal expansion, or external loads, the flexible connectors 4062 located at both ends of the central hinge 4061 begin to play their core role. Because the flexible connectors 4062 themselves have elastic deformation capabilities, they can absorb and buffer the displacement from the joint blocks 404. When the two joint blocks 404 move closer or further apart, the flexible connectors 4062 undergo axial compression or tension, maintaining the central hinge 4061 in a relatively stable intermediate position. When the two joint blocks 404 are out of axis or deflected, the flexible connectors 4062, through their own bending or torsional elastic deformation, effectively isolate rigid impacts, preventing hard interference between the joint blocks 404 and the central hinge 4061. During this process, the central hinge 4061, as a rigid intermediate body, always maintains the structural integrity of its internal valve pipe, ensuring that negative pressure transmission is not affected by flexible deformation.

[0061] When the entire system enters the working state and needs to perform adsorption operations, the logic controller commands the negative pressure source to start. The negative pressure is quickly transmitted through the negative pressure adsorption pipe 411 to the valve pipe opened inside the central hinge 4061. Since the valve pipe is directly connected to the negative pressure adsorption chamber, the negative pressure can be established in a very short time, enabling the negative pressure adsorption chamber to generate sufficient adsorption force. During the negative pressure maintenance phase, even if the relative positions of the joint blocks 404 on both sides change due to movement, the elastic deformation of the flexible connector 4062 will dynamically adjust accordingly. Due to its rigid structure, the cross-section of the valve pipe inside the central hinge 4061 always remains unobstructed and will not be squeezed or blocked due to flexible deformation, thus ensuring the stability and continuity of negative pressure adsorption.

[0062] Preferred, such as Figure 1 As shown, a logic controller is installed inside the laser device 100. The logic controller is electrically connected to the CNC system of the laser device 100, the control valve of the external compressed air source, and the vacuum generator 419, respectively, in order to obtain the real-time position coordinates of the laser head of the laser device 100 and the three-dimensional contour of the button workpiece. The logic controller is used to calculate and analyze the target posture of the joint block 404 in advance, drive the micro electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414 to actively adjust the bending shape of the joint block 404, and drive the bottom micro electromagnetic push guide rod 416 to adjust the distance between the bottom joint block 404 and the button workpiece.

[0063] Specifically, when the machining operation is about to reach the first path point, the logic controller outputs a control signal to the miniature electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414 based on the calculated drive parameters. The miniature electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414 then begins to move, extending or retracting according to the command, causing the joint block 404 to undergo corresponding bending deformation. During this process, the miniature angular displacement sensor continuously monitors the actual bending angle of the joint block 404 with a millisecond-level sampling period and feeds the signal back to the logic controller in real time. The logic controller compares the actual angle with the target angle. If there is a deviation, it dynamically adjusts the drive current or extension / retraction amount of the miniature electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414 until the posture of the joint block 404 accurately reaches the pre-calculated target posture.

[0064] During laser processing, the logic controller continuously runs the attitude tracking program, which allows the logic controller to synchronously calculate the target attitude of the next path point based on the real-time movement of the laser head, and drive the micro electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414 and the bottom micro electromagnetic push guide rod 416 in advance to make dynamic adjustments, so that the attitude of the joint block 404 is always synchronized with the movement of the laser head, and ensures that the distance between the bottom joint block 404 and the surface of the button workpiece remains constant during dynamic movement.

[0065] That is, the logic controller performs spatial matching between the real-time position coordinates of the laser head and the three-dimensional contour model of the button workpiece to determine the azimuth, pitch, and distance of the current laser head relative to the workpiece surface, and identifies the curvature change trend of the workpiece surface corresponding to the processing area that the laser head is about to enter.

[0066] Using the free end of the biomimetic joint anti-splash component as the motion execution end, the logic controller calculates the motion trajectory of the laser head and the target rotation angle required for each joint block 404 in real time. This allows the parallel posture that the joint block 404 needs to maintain to be determined based on the direction of the laser head relative to the workpiece surface, and to match the target bending angle of each joint block 404 around the hinge structure 405 according to the changes in the curvature of the workpiece surface, while the outer surface of the joint block 404 always remains parallel to the inner wall of the workpiece.

[0067] This enables the logic controller to convert the target rotation angles of each joint block 404 obtained from the analysis into extension and retraction drive signals for the micro electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414 and the bottom micro electromagnetic push guide rod 416.

[0068] When the joint block 404 needs to bend forward around a certain hinge axis, the logic controller drives the micro electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414 to extend, and the flexible abutment ball 415 contacts the outer wall of the joint block 404, applying a first directional force to push the joint block 404 to bend around the hinge structure 405.

[0069] When the joint block 404 needs to bend in the opposite direction or be positioned in an auxiliary manner around the same hinge axis, the logic controller drives the bottom micro electromagnetic push guide rod 416 to extend and apply a second directional force. This works together with the micro electromagnetic telescopic guide rod 414 to achieve precise control of the bending angle.

[0070] When a temporary fixed connection is needed with the outer wall of the joint block 404, the logic controller controls the micro electromagnet to be energized to generate magnetic attraction. When the connection needs to be released, the micro electromagnet is de-energized.

[0071] During the bending process of the joint block 404, the rolling ball 403 rolls along the sliding groove 402, guiding the bottom of the joint block 404 to slide radially, adapting to the change in bottom position caused by bending. The miniature angular displacement sensor detects the current rotation angle of each joint block 404 in real time and feeds it back to the logic controller.

[0072] While facilitating the laser head to reach the target position, the bionic joint anti-splash component has completed attitude adjustment, ensuring that the outer surface of the joint block 404 remains parallel to the inner wall of the workpiece and the distance is constant at the air film thickness value, thus achieving synchronous and predictive adjustment of the protective form and processing trajectory.

[0073] Simultaneously, based on the above, the logic controller adjusts the air supply pressure from the external compressed air source to the annular air film generating groove 407, so that the air film thickness is always maintained within the set range, compensating for the gap fluctuation caused by the change in the surface curvature of the workpiece.

[0074] Furthermore, when an increase in the amount of splashed material or a change in particle size distribution is detected, the logic controller adjusts the air supply pressure of the swirling air curtain generating ring 410 or the number of tangential air holes opened to change the intensity of the vortex flow field. Based on the change in airflow pressure inside the negative pressure adsorption tube 411, the logic controller adjusts the suction power of the vacuum generator 419 to ensure that the negative pressure suction force and the swirling intensity are always matched. When the joint block 404 needs to adjust its posture, the logic controller independently adjusts the opening degree of the micro-solenoid valves in the four sector sections, causing the air film pressure in the four sections to be differentiated, forming a non-uniformly distributed air film pressure field, achieving dynamic compensation and sealing.

[0075] Preferred, such as Figure 2 As shown, the annular air film generating groove 407 is divided into four independent sector-shaped sections along the circumferential direction of the outer surface of the joint block 404. Each sector-shaped section corresponds to a micro-hole array 409 controlled in series. Each sector-shaped section is equipped with an independent micro-solenoid valve between itself and the external compressed air source. Each sector-shaped section is embedded with a micro-pressure sensor. Both the micro-solenoid valve and the micro-pressure sensor are electrically connected to the controller, forming a zoned independent adjustment structure for the air film pressure.

[0076] Specifically, when the joint block 404 needs to adjust its posture relative to the external mating surface, such as by yaw, tilting, or eccentric correction, the logic controller enters the independent adjustment mode for each zone. If the joint block 404 needs to tilt to one side, the logic controller calculates that the opposite sector needs to provide a higher air film pressure to generate a lifting torque.

[0077] Based on the calculation results, the logic controller independently adjusts the opening of the four micro solenoid valves. For sector sections where the gas film pressure needs to be increased, the logic controller increases the driving current of the corresponding micro solenoid valve, thereby increasing the valve opening, increasing the gas flow rate into the sector, increasing the gas velocity ejected from the micro-orifice array 409, and thus increasing the gas film pressure in the sector. For sector sections where the gas film pressure needs to be decreased, the controller decreases the driving current of the corresponding micro solenoid valve, thereby decreasing the valve opening, reducing the gas flow rate into the sector, and thus decreasing the gas film pressure in the sector.

[0078] During this adjustment process, four miniature air pressure sensors continuously provide real-time pressure values ​​for each zone. The controller compares the actual pressure with the target pressure, forming four independent closed-loop control loops. This independent zone adjustment mechanism allows the air film pressure of the four sector zones to be configured differently according to posture requirements, thereby generating a non-uniformly distributed air film pressure field around the joint block 404. This creates dynamic compensation and sealing, ensuring that after the joint block 404 reaches the target posture, the air film pressure of the four zones can be independently adjusted to precisely compensate for gap changes caused by microscopic unevenness of the workpiece surface or minor positioning deviations of the joint block 404. This ensures the uniformity and stability of the non-contact air film, maintaining optimal dynamic sealing and preventing splashes from escaping from local gaps.

[0079] During continuous operation of the equipment, external conditions may change, such as fluctuations in the air supply pressure, changes in external load, or temperature changes causing drift in the air film characteristics. In this situation, the logic controller continuously runs a zone-independent adjustment algorithm. Four miniature pressure sensors monitor pressure fluctuations in each zone in real time. Once a deviation from the target value is detected in the pressure of a certain sector, the controller immediately and independently adjusts the opening of the corresponding miniature solenoid valve to compensate. Because the adjustment loops of the four zones are independent of each other, pressure disturbances in one zone will not affect the setpoints of other zones, ensuring the stability of the air film pressure field and the accuracy of attitude maintenance.

[0080] This allows the joint block 404 to dynamically change its posture, such as by continuously swinging or rotating, when the joint block 404 needs to change its posture, such as by continuously swinging or rotating. The logic controller adjusts the opening of the four micro solenoid valves in real time according to the analysis results of the motion trajectory, so that the air film pressure of the four sector zones changes dynamically according to the preset timing and amplitude, thereby realizing the continuous dynamic reconstruction of the air film pressure field and driving the joint block 404 to complete the required motion trajectory.

[0081] Preferred, such as Figure 1 As shown, a laser rangefinder sensor is mounted on the side of the laser head of the laser device 100, and the laser rangefinder sensor is connected to the logic controller. A transverse drive structure 300 is mounted in the working area of ​​the laser device 100, and a coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure 400 is mounted on the top front end of the transverse drive structure 300. A workpiece gripping and centering structure 200 is mounted near the front end of the laser device 100, close to the coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure 400, for moving the workpiece to be processed onto the axial surface of the coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure 400 for mounting.

[0082] Specifically, when the logic controller issues a start command to the workpiece gripping and centering structure 200, the workpiece gripping and centering structure 200 moves to the storage position of the workpiece to be processed and grips the workpiece using its end gripping mechanism, such as a pneumatic gripper or vacuum suction cup. After gripping, the workpiece gripping and centering structure 200 carries the workpiece back and moves to the axial front end position of the coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure 400. At this time, the workpiece gripping and centering structure 200 performs a centering calibration action, ensuring that the central axis of the workpiece coincides with the axial centerline of the coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure 400 through visual or mechanical positioning. After centering, the workpiece gripping and centering structure 200 smoothly pushes the workpiece onto the axial surface of the coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure 400 and initially fixes the workpiece through a temporary locking mechanism, completing the workpiece loading process.

[0083] Next, after the workpiece is installed, the logic controller sends a feed command to the transverse drive structure 300. The transverse drive structure 300 starts, driving the coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure 400, mounted on its top front end, along with the workpiece, to move below the laser head of the laser device 100 along the preset feed direction. During the transverse movement, the laser range sensor mounted on the side of the laser head continuously emits a laser beam and receives reflected signals, measuring the current distance between the laser head and the workpiece surface in real time. The laser range sensor transmits the distance measurement data to the logic controller in real time. When the coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure 400 moves to the predetermined processing station, the logic controller determines whether the workpiece is within the ideal focal length range of the laser head based on the distance data fed back by the laser range sensor. If there is a deviation, the logic controller sends a fine-tuning command to the transverse drive structure 300 for precise axial positioning, ensuring that the distance between the workpiece surface and the laser head reaches the preset processing focal length value.

[0084] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser processing auxiliary device for laser engraving of button coating, characterized in that, include: Laser device (100) is used to emit a laser beam to perform laser engraving on button workpieces; A coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure (400) is set at the processing station of the laser device (100) and is coaxially set with the laser beam of the laser device (100). The coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure (400) is set from the outside to the inside as a bionic joint anti-splash component, a swirling air curtain generating ring (410) and a negative pressure adsorption tube (411). The biomimetic joint anti-splash assembly includes multiple joint blocks (404) and a hinge structure (405). The multiple joint blocks (404) are connected in series through the hinge structure (405), and adjacent joint blocks (404) form a spatial three-degree-of-freedom bending capability. The outer surface of the joint block (404) is provided with an annular air film generating groove (407). The bottom of the annular air film generating groove (407) is provided with a micropore array (409). The annular air film generating groove (407) is connected to an external compressed air source and is used to form a non-contact air film seal between the joint block (404) and the workpiece. The annular air film generating groove (407) is divided into four independent fan-shaped partitions along the circumference of the outer surface of the joint block (404). Each fan-shaped partition corresponds to a set of micropore arrays (409) controlled in series. The swirling air curtain generating ring (410) is coaxially sleeved on the top of the inner wall of the joint block (404). The swirling air curtain generating ring (410) has multiple tangential air holes inside. The tangential air holes are connected to an external compressed air source through a negative pressure adsorption tube (411) to generate a downward rotating vortex flow field. The negative pressure adsorption tube (411) is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the swirling air curtain generating ring (410) and connected to the negative pressure adsorption chamber inside the swirling air curtain generating ring (410). The negative pressure adsorption chamber is connected to the vacuum generator (419) at the bottom end to generate axial negative pressure suction force, forming a coupled flow field with the vortex flow field of outer swirling classification and inner negative pressure suction.

2. The laser processing auxiliary device for laser engraving of button coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biomimetic joint anti-splash component further includes: The carrier plate (401) has sliding grooves (402) evenly spaced around its surface. A rolling ball (403) is installed at the bottom of the joint block (404), and the rolling ball (403) is slidably connected to the inside of the sliding groove (402); A miniature angular displacement sensor is installed at the axial position of the joint block (404); The bottom micro electromagnetic push rod (416) is installed at the bottom of the micro linear guide (412) and connected to the outer wall of the bottom joint block (404), and applies a second directional force; A flexible contact ball (415) is installed on the side end of a miniature electromagnetic telescopic guide rod (414) to apply a first directional force to the outer wall of the joint block (404) at the top. The first directional force and the second directional force are arranged in parallel.

3. The laser processing auxiliary device for laser engraving of button coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biomimetic joint anti-splash component also includes: A middle hinge (418) is located between the joint blocks (404) connected at the top and bottom; Rotate the ring shaft (417), which is rotatably connected to the joint block (404) and the connecting end of the middle hinge (418).

4. The laser processing auxiliary device for laser engraving of button coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hinge structure (405) includes: First direction connector (4051); Second direction connector (4054); A rotating shaft (4053) is vertically connected. The rotating shaft (4053) is hinged to a first direction connector (4051) and a second direction connector (4054) respectively. The side ends of the first direction connector (4051) and the second direction connector (4054) are each provided with an axial threaded ball joint (4052) that is connected to the central hinge (418).

5. The laser processing auxiliary device for laser engraving of button coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The joint block (404) is provided with an annular guide rail (408) on its outside. At least two sets of miniature linear guide rails (412) capable of lifting and lowering are slidably connected on the annular guide rail (408). The sliding positioning seat (413) of the miniature linear guide rail (412) is connected to the joint block (404) through a miniature electromagnetic telescopic guide rod (414). A flexible connection structure (406) is provided between adjacent joint blocks (404). The flexible connection structure (406) includes: The central hinge (4061) has a valve tube inside that communicates with the negative pressure adsorption chamber, and the valve tube is connected to the negative pressure adsorption tube (411); A flexible connector (4062) is located at both ends of the central hinge (4061), and the flexible connector (4062) is connected to the sidewalls of the joint blocks (404) at both ends respectively.

6. The laser processing auxiliary device for laser engraving of button coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser device (100) is equipped with a logic controller. The logic controller is electrically connected to the micro angular displacement sensor, the micro electromagnetic telescopic guide rod (414), the bottom micro electromagnetic push guide rod (416), the CNC system of the laser device (100), the control valve of the external compressed air source, and the vacuum generator (419). The logic controller is used to calculate and analyze the target posture of the joint block (404) in advance in order to obtain the real-time position coordinates of the laser head of the laser device (100) and the three-dimensional contour of the button workpiece, and drive the micro electromagnetic telescopic guide rod (414) to actively adjust the bending shape of the joint block (404), and drive the bottom micro electromagnetic push guide rod (416) to adjust the distance between the bottom joint block (404) and the button workpiece.

7. The laser processing auxiliary device for laser engraving of button coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each sector is equipped with an independent miniature solenoid valve between itself and an external compressed air source. Each sector is also equipped with a miniature air pressure sensor. Both the miniature solenoid valve and the miniature air pressure sensor are electrically connected to the controller, forming a sector-specific independent adjustment structure for air film pressure.

8. The laser processing auxiliary device for laser engraving of button coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser device (100) has a laser ranging sensor installed on the side of the laser head, and the laser ranging sensor is connected to the logic controller.

9. The laser processing auxiliary device for laser engraving of button coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working area of ​​the laser device (100) is equipped with a transverse drive structure (300), and the coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure (400) is installed at the top front end of the transverse drive structure (300).

10. The laser processing auxiliary device for laser engraving of button coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser device (100) has a workpiece gripping and centering structure (200) installed at the front end near the coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure (400), which is used to move the workpiece to be processed to the axial surface of the coaxial multi-layer nested auxiliary structure (400) for installation.

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