Low-noise wear-resistant synchronous belt and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt and its preparation method, relating to the field of synchronous belt technology. The synchronous belt comprises a base belt, a Kevlar reinforcement layer, and a wear-resistant tooth surface layer. The base belt is a ternary blend system of nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, and chloroprene rubber, supplemented with composite fillers such as graphene and porous silica. The wear-resistant tooth surface layer is a composite system of hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer and vinyl fluorinated silicone oil. The preparation method includes base belt mixing, reinforcement layer pretreatment, molding and vulcanization, tooth surface coating, and post-curing treatment. Through the synergistic design of its components, this invention enables the synchronous belt to possess low noise, high wear resistance, and excellent oil resistance, with significantly better overall performance than single-component replacement solutions, showing broad application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of synchronous belt technology, and in particular to a low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Synchronous belts are a new type of transmission belt that combines the advantages of belt drives, chain drives, and gear drives. They transmit power and motion through the meshing of teeth and pulleys, offering advantages such as accurate transmission ratios, zero slippage, high transmission efficiency, and compact structure. They are widely used in automotive engines, industrial robots, precision machine tools, and office automation equipment. With the continuous development of industrial technology, the performance requirements for synchronous belts are becoming increasingly stringent, especially in high-speed, high-frequency transmission scenarios. Noise control and wear resistance of synchronous belts have become key factors limiting their application range and service life.

[0003] Existing synchronous belts mostly use a single rubber material as the base belt, such as nitrile rubber or neoprene rubber. Although these materials have certain elasticity and transmission performance, the impact and friction between the belt teeth and pulleys during high-speed transmission generate significant noise. Furthermore, the wear resistance of rubber materials is limited, and long-term use can easily lead to tooth surface wear and cracking, resulting in decreased transmission accuracy and even transmission failure. To improve wear resistance, some technical solutions coat the synchronous belt teeth with a polyurethane coating. However, ordinary polyurethane coatings have poor adhesion to the base belt, are prone to peeling off, and have unsatisfactory noise reduction effects.

[0004] Furthermore, the reinforcing layers of existing synchronous belts mostly use ordinary fiber yarns, such as polyester and nylon yarns, which lack sufficient strength and high-temperature resistance. They are prone to tensile deformation during high-speed transmission, affecting the transmission stability of the synchronous belt. At the same time, the parameters of the mixing, vulcanization, and coating steps in the existing manufacturing process are not rationally designed, resulting in an uneven internal structure of the synchronous belt, further reducing its wear resistance and service life.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, invention patent CN115678137B discloses a wear-resistant synchronous belt, comprising a skeleton and a rubber compound covering the skeleton. This design improves the rubber compound's formulation, using HNBR and HXNBR as the main components and adding ternary composite materials, silica, ultrafine basalt, aramid pulp, and calcium sulfate whiskers to form a filler system, significantly enhancing the synchronous belt's wear resistance and strength. Furthermore, the clay interlayer structure helps improve the synchronous belt's tear resistance, resulting in improved overall performance. However, it does not address noise issues in high-speed transmission scenarios, and still suffers from relatively high transmission noise.

[0006] Therefore, developing a synchronous belt that combines excellent low noise performance and high wear resistance, while optimizing its manufacturing process to ensure performance stability, is of great practical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main objective of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt and its preparation method. Through synergistic material modification and structural optimization, the wear resistance and noise reduction of the synchronous belt are improved simultaneously, while ensuring transmission stability and service life.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt, comprising a base belt, a reinforcing layer, and a wear-resistant tooth surface layer. The base belt is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of nitrile rubber, 30-40 parts of hydrogenated nitrile rubber, 20-40 parts of chloroprene rubber, 5-8 parts of graphene, 10-15 parts of nano-calcium carbonate, 5-10 parts of glass fiber, 3-5 parts of coupling agent, 3-8 parts of composite lubricant, 5-10 parts of sound-absorbing filler, 1-3 parts of vulcanizing agent, 0.5-2 parts of accelerator, and 1-2 parts of antioxidant. The reinforcing layer is made of Kevlar wire. The wear-resistant tooth surface layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer, 10-15 parts of vinyl fluorinated silicone oil, and 2-4 parts of curing agent.

[0009] Preferably, the grade of the nitrile rubber is Lanhua N41; the grade of the hydrogenated nitrile rubber is THERBAN® 3446; and the grade of the chloroprene rubber is ZEON® C2000L.

[0010] Preferably, the graphene is a single-layer graphene powder with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8-1.2 nm; the average particle size of the nano-calcium carbonate is 10-60 nm; and the glass fiber is alkali-free glass fiber with an average fiber diameter of 3-6 μm and an aspect ratio of (15-30):1.

[0011] Preferably, the coupling agent is at least one of silane coupling agent KH550, silane coupling agent KH560, and silane coupling agent KH570; the composite lubricant is a mixture of molybdenum disulfide and graphite in a mass ratio of (1-2):1; the average particle size of the composite lubricant is 1000-1500 mesh; and the sound-absorbing filler is porous silica or expanded perlite powder.

[0012] Preferably, the porous silica has an average particle size of 1-5 μm and a specific surface area of ​​800-1200 m² / g; the expanded perlite powder has an average particle size of 5-20 μm.

[0013] Preferably, the vulcanizing agent is dicumyl peroxide, the accelerator is N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide, and the antioxidant is N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine.

[0014] Preferably, the linear density of the Kevlar wire is 1000-1500D.

[0015] Preferably, there are no special requirements for the source of the hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer. In one embodiment of the present invention, the hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer is prepared according to the method of Example 1 in the invention patent CN105482680B.

[0016] Preferably, the vinyl fluorosilicone oil TPD-FS8019-500 is provided by Fuzhou Taipuda New Material Co., Ltd.; the curing agent is azobisisobutyronitrile.

[0017] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the aforementioned low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt, comprising the following steps: Step S1, Base Material Mixing: Place nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, and chloroprene rubber into a mixer and plasticize for 5-8 minutes at 100-120℃ and 30-50 r / min; then add graphene, nano-calcium carbonate, glass fiber, coupling agent, composite lubricant, sound-absorbing filler, and antioxidant, and mix for 10-15 minutes at 80-100℃ and 20-30 r / min; finally add vulcanizing agent and accelerator, and mix for 3-5 minutes at 60-80℃ and 15-25 r / min to obtain the compound. Step S2, Reinforcing layer pretreatment: Immerse the Kevlar wire in an ethanol solution of 2-5% KH550 silane coupling agent for 10-20 minutes, then remove it and dry it at 120-140℃ for 30-60 minutes to obtain the pretreated reinforcing layer. Step S3, Molding and Vulcanization: The compound obtained in step S1 is calendered into a sheet with a thickness of 2-5 mm. The pretreated reinforcing layer obtained in step S2 is then laid in the synchronous belt molding die according to the designed structure. The reinforcing layer is evenly distributed along the length of the synchronous belt, with a layup density of 5-8 strands / mm. Then, it is vulcanized at 150-170℃ and 10-15 MPa for 20-30 minutes to fully vulcanize and mold the compound, thus obtaining the belt blank. Step S4: Preparation and coating of wear-resistant tooth surface layer: Hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer, vinyl fluorinated silicone oil and curing agent are added to solvent and stirred evenly to obtain tooth surface coating slurry; The slurry is evenly coated on the tooth surface of the blank by spraying, and the coating thickness is 0.1-0.3mm. Step 5: Curing and post-treatment: Place the coated belt blank in an oven and pre-cur it at 60-80℃ for 30-40 minutes; then raise the temperature to 110-120℃ and cure for 60-90 minutes; after curing, trim and polish the edges to remove excess corners and surface impurities to obtain a low-noise wear-resistant synchronous belt.

[0018] Preferably, the mass ratio of the Kevlar wire and the ethanol solution of the silane coupling agent KH550 in step S2 is 1:(5-10).

[0019] Preferably, the solvent in step S4 is a mixed solution of acetone and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 1:1; the solid content of the tooth surface coating slurry is 30-50%.

[0020] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The low-noise wear-resistant synchronous belt and its preparation method disclosed in this invention achieve a breakthrough balance through a two-dimensional synergistic design: On the one hand, the base belt adopts a ternary blend system of nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber and chloroprene rubber, combined with sound-absorbing fillers such as porous silica / expanded perlite powder. The elastic buffer of the rubber matrix and the sound wave adsorption of the porous filler work together to significantly reduce the impact noise between the belt teeth and pulleys during high-speed transmission. On the other hand, the tooth surface layer adopts a composite system of hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer and vinyl fluorinated silicone oil. The hyperbranched structure gives the coating high crosslinking density and excellent wear resistance, while the fluorinated silicone oil provides an ultra-low coefficient of friction, further reducing friction noise. This synergistic design of "base belt sound absorption buffer + tooth surface wear resistance and friction reduction" completely breaks the inherent perception in traditional technology that "noise reduction must reduce wear resistance" and "wear resistance must increase noise", achieving a simultaneous leap in two core performances and meeting the stringent requirements of high-speed and high-frequency scenarios.

[0021] (2) The low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt and its preparation method disclosed in this invention use Kevlar wire as a reinforcing layer. Its high strength and high-temperature resistance lay the foundation for transmission stability. Furthermore, through a pretreatment process of "immersion in silane coupling agent KH550 ethanol solution + high-temperature drying", active functional groups are formed on the surface of the Kevlar wire, which greatly improves the interfacial bonding strength. At the same time, the precise layup design of the reinforcing layer along the length of the synchronous belt matches the elastic modulus of the ternary blended rubber matrix, effectively dispersing transmission stress and avoiding cracking caused by local stress concentration. This combination of "high-performance reinforcing material + interfacial chemical bonding + layup structure optimization" significantly extends the service life of the synchronous belt and completely solves the technical pain points of easy slippage and easy peeling of traditional reinforcing layers.

[0022] (3) The low-noise wear-resistant synchronous belt and its preparation method disclosed in this invention achieve a leapfrog improvement in long-term stability through the dual innovation of material selection and preparation process of the wear-resistant tooth surface layer: In terms of materials, the hyperbranched structure of the hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer not only provides a high crosslinking density, but its fluorine-containing groups also endow the coating with excellent anti-aging and anti-oil properties. Combined with the toughening effect of vinyl fluorinated silicone oil, the coating has both hardness and toughness, and can resist repeated impacts from the belt teeth and pulleys without cracking; In terms of process, the step-by-step curing method of "pre-curing + secondary curing" is adopted, and the precise control of the acetone-ethyl acetate mixed solvent ensures that the coating and the vulcanized belt blank form a tight physical adsorption and weak chemical bond, and the coating peeling rate is low after coating; Under the harsh working conditions of oil and high-frequency impact, the tooth surface layer can still maintain stable wear resistance and friction reduction performance, effectively solving the key problem of "short-term effectiveness and long-term failure" of traditional coatings, and significantly expanding the application scenario boundary of synchronous belts.

[0023] (4) The low-noise wear-resistant synchronous belt and its preparation method disclosed in this invention achieve synergistic superposition of multiple properties through the systematic design of material formulation and preparation process: the composite of the ternary rubber blend system of the base belt with fillers such as graphene and glass fiber not only improves the strength and tear resistance of the matrix, but also achieves noise reduction through sound-absorbing fillers; the pretreatment and precise layup of the reinforcing layer ensure transmission stability and service life; the compound system and step-by-step curing process of the wear-resistant tooth surface layer enhance the wear resistance, anti-shedding and anti-aging properties. This systematic optimization enables the synchronous belt to not only have better noise and wear resistance than the existing technology under high-speed and high-frequency conditions, but also achieve simultaneous improvement in tear resistance, high-temperature resistance and anti-aging properties, forming a full-dimensional performance advantage of "noise reduction-wear resistance-stability-long-lasting". Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following description is intended to disclose the invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0025] Example 1: A low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt, comprising a base belt, a reinforcing layer, and a wear-resistant tooth surface layer. The base belt is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts nitrile rubber, 30 parts hydrogenated nitrile rubber, 20 parts chloroprene rubber, 5 parts graphene, 10 parts nano-calcium carbonate, 5 parts glass fiber, 3 parts coupling agent, 3 parts composite lubricant, 5 parts sound-absorbing filler, 1 part vulcanizing agent, 0.5 parts accelerator, and 1 part antioxidant. The reinforcing layer is made of Kevlar wire. The wear-resistant tooth surface layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer, 10 parts vinyl fluorinated silicone oil, and 2 parts curing agent.

[0026] The nitrile rubber is designated as Lanhua N41; the hydrogenated nitrile rubber is designated as THERBAN® 3446; the chloroprene rubber is designated as ZEON® C2000L; the graphene is a single-layer graphene powder with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8-1.2 nm; the nano-calcium carbonate has an average particle size of 10 nm; the glass fiber is alkali-free glass fiber with an average fiber diameter of 3 μm and an aspect ratio of 15:1; the coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH550; the composite lubricant is a mixture of molybdenum disulfide and graphite in a mass ratio of 1:1; the composite lubricant has an average particle size of 1000 mesh; the absorbent... The sound filler is porous silica; the average particle size of the porous silica is 1 μm, and the specific surface area is 800 m² / g; the vulcanizing agent is dicumyl peroxide, the accelerator is N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide, and the antioxidant is N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine; the linear density of the Kevlar wire is 1000D; the hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer is prepared according to the method of Example 1 in the invention patent CN105482680B; the vinyl fluorinated silicone oil, vinyl fluorosilicone oil TPD-FS8019-500, is provided by Fuzhou Taipuda New Material Co., Ltd.; and the curing agent is azobisisobutyronitrile.

[0027] A method for preparing the low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt includes the following steps: Step S1, Base Material Mixing: Nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, and chloroprene rubber are placed in a mixer and plasticized at 100°C and 30 r / min for 5 min; then graphene, nano-calcium carbonate, glass fiber, coupling agent, composite lubricant, sound-absorbing filler, and antioxidant are added and mixed at 80°C and 20 r / min for 10 min; finally, vulcanizing agent and accelerator are added and mixed at 60°C and 15 r / min for 3 min to obtain the compound. Step S2, Reinforcement layer pretreatment: Immerse the Kevlar wire in an ethanol solution of 2% KH550 silane coupling agent for 10 min, remove it and dry it at 120℃ for 30 min to obtain the pretreated reinforcement layer. Step S3, Molding and Vulcanization: The compound obtained in step S1 is calendered into a 2mm thick sheet, and then laid in a synchronous belt molding die along with the pretreated reinforcing layer obtained in step S2 according to the designed structure. The reinforcing layer is evenly distributed along the length of the synchronous belt, with a layup density of 5 strands / mm. Then, it is vulcanized at 150℃ and 10MPa for 20 minutes to fully vulcanize and mold the compound, thus obtaining the belt blank. Step S4: Preparation and coating of wear-resistant tooth surface layer: Hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer, vinyl fluorinated silicone oil and curing agent are added to solvent and stirred evenly to obtain tooth surface coating slurry; The slurry is evenly coated on the tooth surface of the blank by spraying, and the coating thickness is 0.1 mm. Step 5: Curing and post-treatment: Place the coated belt blank in an oven and pre-cur it at 60℃ for 30 minutes; then raise the temperature to 110℃ and cure for 60 minutes; after curing, trim and polish the edges to remove excess corners and surface impurities to obtain a low-noise wear-resistant synchronous belt.

[0028] In step S2, the mass ratio of the Kevlar wire and the silane coupling agent KH550 ethanol solution is 1:5; in step S4, the solvent is a mixed solution of acetone and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 1:1; and the solid content of the tooth surface coating slurry is 30%.

[0029] Example 2: A low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt, comprising a base belt, a reinforcing layer, and a wear-resistant tooth surface layer. The base belt is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 33 parts nitrile rubber, 32 parts hydrogenated nitrile rubber, 25 parts chloroprene rubber, 6 parts graphene, 11 parts nano-calcium carbonate, 6 parts glass fiber, 3.5 parts coupling agent, 4 parts composite lubricant, 6 parts sound-absorbing filler, 1.5 parts vulcanizing agent, 1 part accelerator, and 1.2 parts antioxidant. The reinforcing layer is made of Kevlar wire. The wear-resistant tooth surface layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 43 parts hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer, 12 parts vinyl fluorinated silicone oil, and 2.5 parts curing agent.

[0030] The nitrile rubber is designated as Lanhua N41; the hydrogenated nitrile rubber is designated as THERBAN® 3446; the chloroprene rubber is designated as ZEON® C2000L; the graphene is a single-layer graphene powder with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8-1.2 nm; the nano-calcium carbonate has an average particle size of 30 nm; the glass fiber is alkali-free glass fiber with an average fiber diameter of 4 μm and an aspect ratio of 20:1; the coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH560; the composite lubricant is a mixture of molybdenum disulfide and graphite in a mass ratio of 1.3:1; the composite lubricant has an average particle size of 1... 100 mesh; the sound-absorbing filler is expanded perlite powder; the average particle size of the expanded perlite powder is 10 μm; the vulcanizing agent is dicumyl peroxide; the accelerator is N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide; the antioxidant is N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine; the linear density of the Kevlar wire is 1100D; the hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer is prepared according to the method of Example 1 in invention patent CN105482680B; the vinyl fluorinated silicone oil, vinyl fluorosilicone oil TPD-FS8019-500, is provided by Fuzhou Taipuda New Material Co., Ltd.; the curing agent is azobisisobutyronitrile.

[0031] A method for preparing the low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt includes the following steps: Step S1, Base Material Mixing: Nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, and chloroprene rubber are placed in a mixer and plasticized at 105°C and 35 r / min for 6 min; then graphene, nano-calcium carbonate, glass fiber, coupling agent, composite lubricant, sound-absorbing filler, and antioxidant are added and mixed at 85°C and 23 r / min for 11 min; finally, vulcanizing agent and accelerator are added and mixed at 65°C and 17 r / min for 3.5 min to obtain the compound. Step S2, Reinforcement layer pretreatment: Immerse the Kevlar wire in an ethanol solution of 3% KH550 silane coupling agent for 13 min, remove it and dry it at 125℃ for 40 min to obtain the pretreated reinforcement layer. Step S3, Molding and Vulcanization: The compound obtained in step S1 is calendered into a 3mm thick sheet, and then laid in a synchronous belt molding die along with the pretreated reinforcing layer obtained in step S2 according to the designed structure. The reinforcing layer is evenly distributed along the length of the synchronous belt, with a layup density of 6 strands / mm. Then, it is vulcanized at 155℃ and 12MPa for 23 minutes to fully vulcanize and mold the compound, thus obtaining the belt blank. Step S4: Preparation and coating of wear-resistant tooth surface layer: Hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer, vinyl fluorinated silicone oil and curing agent are added to solvent and stirred evenly to obtain tooth surface coating slurry; The slurry is evenly coated on the tooth surface of the blank by spraying, and the coating thickness is 0.15mm. Step 5: Curing and post-treatment: Place the coated belt blank in an oven and pre-cur it at 65℃ for 32 minutes; then raise the temperature to 113℃ and cure for 70 minutes; after curing, trim and polish the edges to remove excess corners and surface impurities to obtain a low-noise wear-resistant synchronous belt.

[0032] In step S2, the mass ratio of the Kevlar wire and the silane coupling agent KH550 ethanol solution is 1:6; in step S4, the solvent is a mixed solution of acetone and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 1:1; and the solid content of the tooth surface coating slurry is 35%.

[0033] Example 3: A low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt, comprising a base belt, a reinforcing layer, and a wear-resistant tooth surface layer. The base belt is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts nitrile rubber, 35 parts hydrogenated nitrile rubber, 30 parts chloroprene rubber, 6.5 parts graphene, 13 parts nano-calcium carbonate, 7.5 parts glass fiber, 4 parts coupling agent, 6 parts composite lubricant, 7 parts sound-absorbing filler, 2 parts vulcanizing agent, 1.3 parts accelerator, and 1.5 parts antioxidant. The reinforcing layer is made of Kevlar wire. The wear-resistant tooth surface layer is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer, 13 parts vinyl fluorinated silicone oil, and 3 parts curing agent.

[0034] The nitrile rubber is designated as Lanhua N41; the hydrogenated nitrile rubber is designated as THERBAN® 3446; the chloroprene rubber is designated as ZEON® C2000L; the graphene is a single-layer graphene powder with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8-1.2 nm; the nano-calcium carbonate has an average particle size of 40 nm; the glass fiber is alkali-free glass fiber with an average fiber diameter of 5 μm and an aspect ratio of 24:1; the coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH570; the composite lubricant is a mixture of molybdenum disulfide and graphite in a mass ratio of 1.5:1; the composite lubricant has an average particle size of 1300 mesh; the absorbent... The sound filler is porous silica; the average particle size of the porous silica is 3 μm, and the specific surface area is 1000 m² / g; the vulcanizing agent is dicumyl peroxide, the accelerator is N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide, and the antioxidant is N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine; the linear density of the Kevlar wire is 1300D; the hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer is prepared according to the method of Example 1 in the invention patent CN105482680B; the vinyl fluorinated silicone oil, vinyl fluorosilicone oil TPD-FS8019-500, is provided by Fuzhou Taipuda New Material Co., Ltd.; and the curing agent is azobisisobutyronitrile.

[0035] A method for preparing the low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt includes the following steps: Step S1, Base Material Mixing: Nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, and chloroprene rubber are placed in a mixer and plasticized at 110°C and 40 r / min for 6.5 min; then graphene, nano-calcium carbonate, glass fiber, coupling agent, composite lubricant, sound-absorbing filler, and antioxidant are added and mixed at 90°C and 25 r / min for 13 min; finally, vulcanizing agent and accelerator are added and mixed at 70°C and 20 r / min for 4 min to obtain the compound. Step S2, Reinforcement layer pretreatment: Immerse the Kevlar wire in an ethanol solution of 3.5% KH550 silane coupling agent for 15 min, remove it and dry it at 130℃ for 45 min to obtain the pretreated reinforcement layer. Step S3, Molding and Vulcanization: The compound obtained in step S1 is calendered into a sheet with a thickness of 3.5 mm. The pretreated reinforcing layer obtained in step S2 is then laid in the synchronous belt molding die according to the designed structure. The reinforcing layer is evenly distributed along the length of the synchronous belt, with a layup density of 7 strands / mm. Then, it is vulcanized at 160℃ and 13 MPa for 25 min to fully vulcanize and mold the compound, thus obtaining the belt blank. Step S4: Preparation and coating of wear-resistant tooth surface layer: Hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer, vinyl fluorinated silicone oil and curing agent are added to solvent and stirred evenly to obtain tooth surface coating slurry; The slurry is evenly coated on the tooth surface of the blank by spraying, and the coating thickness is 0.2 mm. Step 5: Curing and post-treatment: Place the coated belt blank in an oven and pre-cur it at 70℃ for 35 minutes; then raise the temperature to 115℃ and cure for 75 minutes; after curing, trim and polish the edges to remove excess corners and surface impurities to obtain a low-noise wear-resistant synchronous belt.

[0036] In step S2, the mass ratio of the Kevlar wire and the silane coupling agent KH550 ethanol solution is 1:7.5; in step S4, the solvent is a mixed solution of acetone and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 1:1; and the solid content of the tooth surface coating slurry is 40%.

[0037] Example 4: A low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt, comprising a base belt, a reinforcing layer, and a wear-resistant tooth surface layer. The base belt is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 38 parts nitrile rubber, 38 parts hydrogenated nitrile rubber, 35 parts chloroprene rubber, 7.5 parts graphene, 14 parts nano-calcium carbonate, 9 parts glass fiber, 4.5 parts coupling agent, 7 parts composite lubricant, 9 parts sound-absorbing filler, 2.5 parts vulcanizing agent, 1.8 parts accelerator, and 1.8 parts antioxidant. The reinforcing layer is made of Kevlar wire. The wear-resistant tooth surface layer is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 48 parts hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer, 14 parts vinyl fluorinated silicone oil, and 3.5 parts curing agent.

[0038] The nitrile rubber is designated as Lanhua N41; the hydrogenated nitrile rubber is designated as THERBAN® 3446; the chloroprene rubber is designated as ZEON® C2000L; the graphene is a single-layer graphene powder with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8-1.2 nm; the nano-calcium carbonate has an average particle size of 50 nm; the glass fiber is alkali-free glass fiber with an average fiber diameter of 5 μm and an aspect ratio of 28:1; the coupling agent is a compound of silane coupling agents KH550, KH560, and KH570 in a mass ratio of 1:2:1; the composite lubricant is a compound of molybdenum disulfide and graphite in a mass ratio of 1.8:1. The composite lubricant has an average particle size of 1400 mesh; the sound-absorbing filler is expanded perlite powder with an average particle size of 18 μm; the vulcanizing agent is dicumyl peroxide; the accelerator is N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide; the antioxidant is N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine; the linear density of the Kevlar wire is 1400D; the hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer is prepared according to the method in Example 1 of the invention patent CN105482680B; the vinyl fluorinated silicone oil TPD-FS8019-500 is provided by Fuzhou Taipuda New Material Co., Ltd.; and the curing agent is azobisisobutyronitrile.

[0039] A method for preparing the low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt includes the following steps: Step S1, Base Material Mixing: Nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, and chloroprene rubber are placed in a mixer and plasticized at 118°C and 45 r / min for 7.5 min; then graphene, nano-calcium carbonate, glass fiber, coupling agent, composite lubricant, sound-absorbing filler, and antioxidant are added and mixed at 95°C and 28 r / min for 14 min; finally, vulcanizing agent and accelerator are added and mixed at 75°C and 23 r / min for 4.5 min to obtain the compound. Step S2, Reinforcement layer pretreatment: Immerse the Kevlar wire in an ethanol solution of 2-5% KH550 silane coupling agent for 18 minutes, remove it and dry it at 135℃ for 55 minutes to obtain the pretreated reinforcement layer. Step S3, Molding and Vulcanization: The compound obtained in step S1 is calendered into a sheet with a thickness of 4.5 mm. The pretreated reinforcing layer obtained in step S2 is then laid in the synchronous belt molding die according to the designed structure. The reinforcing layer is evenly distributed along the length of the synchronous belt, with a layup density of 7 strands / mm. Then, it is vulcanized at 165℃ and 14 MPa for 28 min to fully vulcanize and mold the compound, thus obtaining the belt blank. Step S4: Preparation and coating of wear-resistant tooth surface layer: Hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer, vinyl fluorinated silicone oil and curing agent are added to solvent and stirred evenly to obtain tooth surface coating slurry; The slurry is evenly coated on the tooth surface of the blank by spraying, and the coating thickness is 0.25mm. Step 5: Curing and post-treatment: Place the coated belt blank in an oven and pre-cur it at 75℃ for 38 minutes; then raise the temperature to 118℃ and cure for 85 minutes; after curing, trim and polish the edges to remove excess corners and surface impurities to obtain a low-noise wear-resistant synchronous belt.

[0040] In step S2, the mass ratio of the Kevlar wire and the silane coupling agent KH550 ethanol solution is 1:9; in step S4, the solvent is a mixed solution of acetone and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 1:1; and the solid content of the tooth surface coating slurry is 45%.

[0041] Example 5: A low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt, comprising a base belt, a reinforcing layer, and a wear-resistant tooth surface layer. The base belt is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of nitrile rubber, 40 parts of hydrogenated nitrile rubber, 40 parts of chloroprene rubber, 8 parts of graphene, 15 parts of nano-calcium carbonate, 10 parts of glass fiber, 5 parts of coupling agent, 8 parts of composite lubricant, 10 parts of sound-absorbing filler, 3 parts of vulcanizing agent, 2 parts of accelerator, and 2 parts of antioxidant. The reinforcing layer is made of Kevlar wire. The wear-resistant tooth surface layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer, 15 parts of vinyl fluorinated silicone oil, and 4 parts of curing agent.

[0042] The nitrile rubber is designated as Lanhua N41; the hydrogenated nitrile rubber is designated as THERBAN® 3446; the chloroprene rubber is designated as ZEON® C2000L; the graphene is a single-layer graphene powder with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8-1.2 nm; the nano-calcium carbonate has an average particle size of 60 nm; the glass fiber is alkali-free glass fiber with an average fiber diameter of 6 μm and an aspect ratio of 30:1; the coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH550; the composite lubricant is a mixture of molybdenum disulfide and graphite in a mass ratio of 2:1; the composite lubricant has an average particle size of 1500 mesh; the sound-absorbing material... The filler is porous silica; the average particle size of the porous silica is 5 μm, and the specific surface area is 1200 m² / g; the vulcanizing agent is dicumyl peroxide, the accelerator is N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide, and the antioxidant is N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine; the linear density of the Kevlar wire is 1500D; the hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer is prepared according to the method of Example 1 in the invention patent CN105482680B; the vinyl fluorinated silicone oil, vinyl fluorosilicone oil TPD-FS8019-500, is provided by Fuzhou Taipuda New Material Co., Ltd.; and the curing agent is azobisisobutyronitrile.

[0043] A method for preparing the low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt includes the following steps: Step S1, Base Material Mixing: Nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, and chloroprene rubber are placed in a mixer and plasticized at 120°C and 50 r / min for 8 min; then graphene, nano-calcium carbonate, glass fiber, coupling agent, composite lubricant, sound-absorbing filler, and antioxidant are added and mixed at 100°C and 30 r / min for 15 min; finally, vulcanizing agent and accelerator are added and mixed at 80°C and 25 r / min for 5 min to obtain the compound. Step S2, Reinforcement layer pretreatment: Immerse the Kevlar wire in an ethanol solution of 5% KH550 silane coupling agent for 20 min, remove it and dry it at 140℃ for 60 min to obtain the pretreated reinforcement layer. Step S3, Molding and Vulcanization: The compound obtained in step S1 is calendered into a 5mm thick sheet, and then laid in a synchronous belt molding die along with the pretreated reinforcing layer obtained in step S2 according to the designed structure. The reinforcing layer is evenly distributed along the length of the synchronous belt, with a layup density of 8 strands / mm. Then, it is vulcanized at 170℃ and 15MPa for 30 minutes to fully vulcanize and mold the compound, thus obtaining the belt blank. Step S4: Preparation and coating of wear-resistant tooth surface layer: Hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer, vinyl fluorinated silicone oil and curing agent are added to solvent and stirred evenly to obtain tooth surface coating slurry; The slurry is evenly coated on the tooth surface of the blank by spraying, and the coating thickness is 0.3 mm. Step 5: Curing and post-treatment: Place the coated belt blank in an oven and pre-cur it at 80℃ for 40 minutes; then raise the temperature to 120℃ and cure for 90 minutes; after curing, trim and polish the edges to remove excess corners and surface impurities to obtain a low-noise wear-resistant synchronous belt.

[0044] In step S2, the mass ratio of Kevlar wire and silane coupling agent KH550 ethanol solution is 1:10; in step S4, the solvent is a mixed solution of acetone and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 1:1; and the solid content of the tooth surface coating slurry is 50%.

[0045] Comparative Example 1 A low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt and its preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 5, except that an equal amount of hydrogenated nitrile rubber is used instead of chloroprene rubber.

[0046] Comparative Example 2 A low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt and its preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 5, except that an equal amount of chloroprene rubber is used instead of hydrogenated nitrile rubber.

[0047] Comparative Example 3 A low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt and its preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 5, except that an equal amount of hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer is used instead of vinyl fluorinated silicone oil.

[0048] Comparative Example 4 A low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt and its preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 5, except that an equal amount of vinyl fluorinated silicone oil is used instead of the hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer.

[0049] Comparative Example 5 A low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt and its preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 5, except that an equal amount of composite lubricant is used instead of sound-absorbing filler.

[0050] Comparative Example 6 A low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt and its preparation method are basically the same as those in Example 5, except that an equal amount of sound-absorbing filler is used instead of the composite lubricant.

[0051] To further illustrate the beneficial technical effects of the low-noise wear-resistant synchronous belts involved in the embodiments of the present invention, relevant performance tests were conducted on the low-noise wear-resistant synchronous belts involved in Example 5 and Comparative Examples 1-6. The test results are shown in Table 1, and the test methods are as follows: (1) Noise test: The synchronous belt was installed on the synchronous belt drive test bench, the transmission speed was set to 3000 r / min, the load was 5 N·m, and the noise value was measured by a noise tester at a distance of 1 m from the center of the synchronous belt drive. Each sample was measured 3 times and the average value was taken.

[0052] (2) Wear resistance test: The MMW-1 universal friction and wear tester was used. The load was set to 10N, the sliding speed was 0.5m / s, the friction time was 1h, and the wear amount of the sample was measured (unit: mg).

[0053] (3) Oil resistance test: Refer to GB / T 1690-2010 "Test method for liquid resistance of vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber", immerse the sample in 150# machine oil at 40℃ for 24h, measure the volume change rate before and after immersion, and evaluate the oil resistance.

[0054] As shown in Table 1, the low-noise wear-resistant synchronous belt of Example 5 exhibits the best overall performance, with significantly lower noise levels (48 dB), wear (5.5 mg), and oil resistance volume change rate (0.5%) compared to Comparative Examples 1-6. Among the comparative examples, Comparative Example 6 has the highest noise level (73.1 dB) and wear (21.2 mg), but also the worst oil resistance (volume change rate 2.8%). The other comparative examples fall between Example 5 and Comparative Example 6 in all three performance indicators, but are generally inferior to Example 5. Example 5, through the synergistic design of a ternary rubber blend system, composite functional fillers (sound absorption + lubrication), and a composite wear-resistant layer on the tooth surface, prepared a low-noise wear-resistant synchronous belt that demonstrates significant advantages in noise control, wear resistance, and oil resistance. Its overall performance far surpasses that of Comparative Examples 1-6, which use single-component substitution, fully verifying the rationality and superiority of its technical solution. This provides a feasible and efficient technical path for the preparation of low-noise, high-wear-resistant, and highly oil-resistant synchronous belts. The combined use of hydrogenated nitrile rubber, chloroprene rubber, vinyl fluorinated silicone oil, hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer sound-absorbing filler, and composite lubricant is beneficial to improving the above properties.

[0055] Table 1 project Noise level (dB) Wear amount (mg) Oil resistance (volume change rate %) Example 5 48.1 5.5 0.5 Comparative Example 1 65.3 11.8 1.5 Comparative Example 2 66.9 12.5 1.8 Comparative Example 3 63.5 9.3 1.2 Comparative Example 4 68.2 17.2 1.3 Comparative Example 5 70.5 14.6 1.0 Comparative Example 6 73.1 21.2 2.8 The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection claimed by the appended claims and their equivalents is defined.

Claims

1. A low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt, characterized in that, It consists of a base band, a reinforcing layer, and a wear-resistant tooth surface layer. The base band is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of nitrile rubber, 30-40 parts of hydrogenated nitrile rubber, 20-40 parts of chloroprene rubber, 5-8 parts of graphene, 10-15 parts of nano-calcium carbonate, 5-10 parts of glass fiber, 3-5 parts of coupling agent, 3-8 parts of composite lubricant, 5-10 parts of sound-absorbing filler, 1-3 parts of vulcanizing agent, 0.5-2 parts of accelerator, and 1-2 parts of antioxidant. The reinforcing layer is made of Kevlar wire. The wear-resistant tooth surface layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer, 10-15 parts of vinyl fluorinated silicone oil, and 2-4 parts of curing agent.

2. The low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grade of the nitrile rubber is Lanhua N41; the grade of the hydrogenated nitrile rubber is THERBAN® 3446; and the chloroprene rubber is ZEON® C2000L.

3. The low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The graphene is a single-layer graphene powder with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8-1.2 nm; the average particle size of the nano-calcium carbonate is 10-60 nm; the glass fiber is alkali-free glass fiber with an average fiber diameter of 3-6 μm and an aspect ratio of (15-30):

1.

4. The low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coupling agent is at least one of silane coupling agent KH550, silane coupling agent KH560, and silane coupling agent KH570; the composite lubricant is a mixture of molybdenum disulfide and graphite in a mass ratio of (1-2):1; the average particle size of the composite lubricant is 1000-1500 mesh; and the sound-absorbing filler is porous silica or expanded perlite powder.

5. The low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt according to claim 4, characterized in that, The porous silica has an average particle size of 1-5 μm and a specific surface area of ​​800-1200 m² / g; the expanded perlite powder has an average particle size of 5-20 μm.

6. The low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vulcanizing agent is dicumyl peroxide, the accelerator is N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide, and the antioxidant is N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine; the linear density of the Kevlar wire is 1000-1500D.

7. The low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vinyl fluorinated silicone oil is vinyl fluorinated silicone oil TPD-FS8019-500; the curing agent is azobisisobutyronitrile.

8. A method for preparing a low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1, Base Material Mixing: Place nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, and chloroprene rubber into a mixer and plasticize for 5-8 minutes at 100-120℃ and 30-50 r / min; then add graphene, nano-calcium carbonate, glass fiber, coupling agent, composite lubricant, sound-absorbing filler, and antioxidant, and mix for 10-15 minutes at 80-100℃ and 20-30 r / min; finally add vulcanizing agent and accelerator, and mix for 3-5 minutes at 60-80℃ and 15-25 r / min to obtain the compound. Step S2, Reinforcing layer pretreatment: Immerse the Kevlar wire in an ethanol solution of 2-5% KH550 silane coupling agent for 10-20 minutes, then remove it and dry it at 120-140℃ for 30-60 minutes to obtain the pretreated reinforcing layer. Step S3, Molding and Vulcanization: The compound obtained in step S1 is calendered into a sheet with a thickness of 2-5 mm. The pretreated reinforcing layer obtained in step S2 is then laid in the synchronous belt molding die according to the designed structure. The reinforcing layer is evenly distributed along the length of the synchronous belt, with a layup density of 5-8 strands / mm. Then, it is vulcanized at 150-170℃ and 10-15 MPa for 20-30 minutes to fully vulcanize and mold the compound, thus obtaining the belt blank. Step S4: Preparation and coating of wear-resistant tooth surface layer: Add hyperbranched perfluoropolyether polyurethane acrylate oligomer, vinyl fluorinated silicone oil and curing agent to solvent and stir evenly to obtain tooth surface coating slurry; The slurry is evenly coated onto the tooth surface of the blank using a spraying method, with a coating thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm; Step 5: Curing and post-treatment: Place the coated belt blank in an oven and pre-cur it at 60-80℃ for 30-40 minutes; then raise the temperature to 110-120℃ and cure for 60-90 minutes; after curing, trim and polish the edges to remove excess corners and surface impurities to obtain a low-noise wear-resistant synchronous belt.

9. The method for preparing a low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the Kevlar wire and the ethanol solution of silane coupling agent KH550 in step S2 is 1:(5-10).

10. The method for preparing a low-noise, wear-resistant synchronous belt according to claim 8, characterized in that, The solvent in step S4 is a mixed solution of acetone and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 1:1; the solid content of the tooth surface coating slurry is 30-50%.