A composite reducing agent for smelting rare earth ferrosilicon alloy and a preparation method and application thereof

By using a composite reducing agent consisting of ferrosilicon, silicon carbide, metallic aluminum, and calcium fluoride, the problem of low reducing agent utilization in the silicothermic smelting process was solved, achieving efficient rare earth recovery and low silicon burn-off, thus improving smelting efficiency and economic benefits.

CN122128523APending Publication Date: 2026-06-02BAOTOU HUASHANG RARE EARTH ALLOY CO LTD +1
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
BAOTOU HUASHANG RARE EARTH ALLOY CO LTD
Filing Date
2026-03-27
Publication Date
2026-06-02

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

In the existing silicothermic smelting process, the utilization rate of reducing agent is low, silicon burn-off is severe, free silicon activity is insufficient, reaction kinetics are not ideal, and slag system control is disconnected, which affects rare earth recovery rate and alloy quality.

Method used

A composite reducing agent containing ferrosilicon, silicon carbide, metallic aluminum, and calcium fluoride is used to improve the activity of free silicon, reduce oxidation loss, and improve reaction kinetics and slag fluidity through synergistic effects. The smelting is carried out by a batch feeding-pressing method.

Benefits of technology

It significantly improves rare earth recovery rate to 88%-94%, reduces silicon burn-off rate to below 8%, reduces smelting power consumption by 20%, and allows for precise control of alloy composition, resulting in significant economic benefits.

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Abstract

This invention discloses a composite reducing agent for rare earth ferrosilicon alloy smelting, its preparation method, and its application, belonging to the field of rare earth metallurgy. Addressing the problems of low reducing agent utilization and severe silicon loss (approximately 21% of the total added silicon) in traditional silicothermic smelting, this invention, based on the free silicon activity regulation mechanism, designs a composite reducing agent comprising 60-80 parts ferrosilicon, 10-25 parts silicon carbide, 3-10 parts metallic aluminum, and 2-8 parts calcium fluoride. The preparation method involves crushing and mixing the components, adding a binder, and pressing or granulating them. In smelting, a "batch feeding-pressing method" is adopted, with a portion of the composite reducing agent added initially for primary reduction, and the remaining portion pressed into the melt for deep reduction and composition adjustment in the later stages. Through the synergistic effect of silicon carbide-assisted reduction, metallic aluminum deoxidation protection, and calcium fluoride slag system regulation, this invention reduces silicon oxidation loss to below 8%, increases rare earth recovery rate to 88%-94%, an improvement of 15-25 percentage points compared to traditional processes, and reduces smelting power consumption by more than 20%.
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