Novel configuration structure of side large surface heat preservation of aluminum electrolysis cell

Abstract

The application discloses a novel large aluminum electrolysis cell side heat preservation device structure which is applied to the aluminum electrolysis cell side heat preservation device and has the technical characteristics that the upper and lower integrated buckling structure which is originally installed on the middle side space position of the upper part of the horizontal fume hood plate and the cell shell is changed into the structure configuration that the bottom is a heavy vertical heat preservation box structure and the upper part is a light heat preservation cell cover plate structure, the bottom heavy vertical heat preservation box wall is made of the combination of metal materials and heat preservation refractory materials and is arranged along the length direction of the aluminum electrolysis cell and is installed on the upper part of the aluminum electrolysis cell shell horizontal plate to implement the heat preservation on the high temperature area of the upper part of the aluminum electrolysis cell shell; the upper part light heat preservation cell cover plate structure is made of the combination of aluminum alloy structure and light heat preservation refractory fiber materials and is installed between the upper part of the bottom heavy vertical heat preservation box structure and the aluminum electrolysis cell horizontal fume hood plate to implement the heat preservation on the aluminum electrolysis cell electrode replacement operation space.

Description

[0001] Technical Field: A novel side-surface thermal insulation configuration structure for aluminum electrolytic cells, mainly used in the equipment manufacturing and production of aluminum electrolytic cells.

[0002] Background Technology: An aluminum electrolysis cell is an electrolytic technology equipment used to produce molten aluminum from alumina through a thermo-electrochemical reaction. The thermal balance design of the aluminum electrolysis cell not only affects its energy balance and current efficiency but also determines the operating process. The side cover plate of the aluminum electrolysis cell is a movable heat-insulating component. The purpose of the movable snap-fit ​​design of the cover plate in existing aluminum electrolysis cells is primarily to achieve two functions: first, to insulate the electrode-changing operation space of the aluminum electrolysis cell to ensure thermal balance; second, to facilitate electrode-changing operations and process maintenance of the aluminum electrolysis cell; and third, to prevent the disorderly emission of electrolytic hot flue gas. Fourth, it allows the cover plate to function as a ladder during electrode-changing operations. Finally, it requires that the temperature of the hot flue gas in the electrode-changing operation space match the temperature of the flue gas purification system, thus requiring the thermal balance temperature to be maintained between 100℃ and 130℃, thus ensuring that the cover plate has a certain heat dissipation function.

[0003] From a thermal balance perspective, the upper part of existing aluminum electrolysis cells is a heat dissipation type. However, with the development of large-scale aluminum electrolysis cell types and the increasing efforts in energy conservation, emission reduction, and carbon reduction in my country, it is necessary to reset the thermal balance temperature of the electrode switching operation space in aluminum electrolysis cells. The existing cell cover insulation devices and operating processes cannot meet the needs of innovative electrolytic aluminum processes, necessitating improvements to the cell cover to match the process requirements of large-scale aluminum electrolysis cells. The main defects of existing aluminum electrolysis cell covers are: firstly, with the increase in the size of the aluminum electrolysis cell, the area and volume of the cell cover increase, resulting in a relatively larger total size, which is detrimental to worker operation; secondly, the cell cover has poor thermal insulation performance; and thirdly, it is not conducive to human-machine collaborative operation. To address these defects arising from the traditional structural configuration of the existing large-scale aluminum electrolysis cell side cell cover, engineers and technicians in the electrolytic aluminum industry are actively seeking ways to improve and innovate.

[0004] Summary of the Invention: To improve the thermal insulation performance of aluminum electrolytic cell cover plates, reduce the workload of aluminum smelters in maintaining aluminum electrolytic cells, enhance the safety of smelters during maintenance operations, and achieve unified coordination between human and machine operations, this invention introduces an innovative technical solution for configuring a side insulation structure for a 400KA large aluminum electrolytic cell. The main design concept of this technical solution is to arrange the side cover plates according to the insulation requirements of different functional areas and to adopt a mixed operation method of mechanical hoisting and manual movement to meet the operational and process requirements for thermal insulation of the sides of the aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0005] A novel side-mounted thermal insulation configuration for aluminum electrolysis cells features an innovative design: a cell cover structure installed in the upper middle side space of the horizontal fume hood and the cell shell, comprising two components: a heavy-duty vertical insulated box wall and a lightweight insulated cell cover. The heavy-duty vertical insulated box wall is arranged along the length of the aluminum electrolysis cell and is mounted on the horizontal edge plate on the upper part of the cell shell, providing thermal insulation for the upper side of the cell shell and the high-temperature zone at the end of the anode carbon block in the electrode-changing operation space. The lightweight insulated cell cover, constructed from an aluminum alloy frame structure and lightweight insulated refractory fiber material, is mounted on the upper part of the heavy-duty insulated wall structure between the horizontal fume hood and the aluminum electrolysis cell, providing thermal insulation for the upper side of the electrode-changing operation space.

[0006] According to the above technical solution, the characteristics of a new type of aluminum electrolytic cell side large surface insulation configuration structure are: its heavy-duty vertical insulation box wall is constructed by combining a metal box shell and insulation and refractory materials; its metal box shell is a metal concave box shell structure, and the heavy-duty vertical insulation box wall is filled with insulation and refractory materials.

[0007] According to the above technical solution, the characteristics of a new type of aluminum electrolytic cell side large surface insulation configuration structure are: the length of its heavy-duty vertical insulation box wall is greater than the length of the end of the anode carbon block in the aluminum electrolytic cell, the height of its heavy-duty vertical insulation box wall is greater than or equal to the initial set height of the anode carbon block installed in the aluminum electrolytic cell, and a lifting ring is provided on the side of the heavy-duty vertical insulation box wall.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, the feature of a novel aluminum electrolytic cell side surface insulation configuration structure is that its lightweight insulation cell cover is composed of an aluminum alloy rectangular support frame and upper and lower cover plates, and lightweight insulation material is filled between the upper and lower aluminum alloy cover plates.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the feature of a novel aluminum electrolytic cell side surface insulation configuration structure is: a step made of rectangular aluminum alloy tube is set on the aluminum alloy frame of the lightweight insulation cell cover, and a handle is constructed on the step.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the feature of a novel aluminum electrolytic cell side surface insulation configuration structure is that: insulating plates are provided at both ends of the lightweight insulation cell cover plate, and the insulating plates are used to implement an insulation configuration between the upper horizontal cover plate and the bottom heavy-duty vertical insulation box wall of the aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the feature of a new type of aluminum electrolytic cell side large surface insulation configuration structure is that, in order to facilitate manual operation, the width of each lightweight insulation tank cover should be smaller than the width of the heavy-duty vertical insulation box wall, and multiple lightweight insulation tank covers can be configured on the upper part of a heavy-duty vertical insulation box wall.

[0012] The novel side-area insulation configuration structure for an aluminum electrolytic cell, based on the aforementioned technical solution, is characterized by the ability to move a lightweight insulation cell cover plate during aluminum electrolytic cell production and maintenance. Specifically, by using two or more lightweight insulation cell covers plate and a heavy-duty vertical insulation box, an insulation device can be constructed for the side area of ​​the aluminum electrolytic cell at the ends of the two anode carbon blocks. Furthermore, the lightweight insulation cell covers plate possess a ladder-like function and are easy to move manually.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, the characteristics of a new type of large-area side insulation configuration structure for aluminum electrolytic cells are as follows: when performing insulation maintenance on the aluminum electrolytic cells, the lightweight insulation tank cover is manually moved by manual operation; when performing electrode replacement operations on the aluminum electrolytic cells, the heavy-duty vertical insulation box wall is moved and installed using a crane, i.e., a multi-functional overhead crane.

[0014] The novel large-area side insulation configuration structure of the aluminum electrolysis cell described in this invention has the following technical advantages and significant technological advancements compared to existing aluminum electrolysis cell insulation devices: First, the bottom of this insulation device uses a heavy-duty vertical insulation box with high temperature resistance and structural strength, corresponding to the length of the two anode ends, for insulation construction. Furthermore, it is assembled and disassembled using a multi-functional overhead crane. This not only enhances the insulation function of the high-temperature area but also enables mechanized operation, thereby reducing the amount of manual labor. Second, the upper part of the heavy-duty vertical insulation box uses a lightweight insulation tank cover plate for a split construction. This not only improves its insulation function for the aluminum electrolysis cell but also allows for the movement and fastening of relatively small lightweight tank cover plates according to the process conditions of different areas within the aluminum electrolysis cell. This not only reduces heat loss during the aluminum electrolysis cell operation but also reduces the labor intensity of workers. Thirdly, on the cover plate of the lightweight insulation tank, rectangular aluminum alloy square tubes are directly used to construct rectangular square tube steps on the outside of the rectangular aluminum alloy frame, so that it has the function of climbing ladder, and can also reduce its construction cost and improve its overall structural strength.

[0015] The accompanying drawings illustrate a novel side-surface thermal insulation configuration structure for an aluminum electrolytic cell, the technical solution and features of which will become clearer through reading the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front view of a novel aluminum electrolytic cell side surface insulation configuration structure according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view.

[0018] Figure 3This diagram illustrates the state of the side insulation process of an electrolytic cell during localized process treatment and maintenance, using a novel large-area side insulation configuration structure for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a process diagram showing the movement of the lightweight insulation tank cover during localized treatment.

[0020] Figure 5 This diagram illustrates the state of the side insulation process of an electrolytic cell during electrode replacement operations, using a novel large-area side insulation configuration structure for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a process diagram of the lightweight insulation tank cover plate during the electrode switching operation of this invention.

[0022] Figure 7 A process diagram of the heavy-duty vertical insulation box during the electrode replacement operation of this invention.

[0023] The diagram shows: 1. Lightweight insulated tank cover plate, 1-1 aluminum alloy rectangular tube frame, 1-2 upper cover plate, 1-3 lower cover plate, 1-4 lightweight refractory fiber thermal insulation material, 1-5 upper insulating plate, 1-6 lower insulating plate, 1-7 rectangular tube step, 1-8 operating handle, 2. Heavy-duty vertical insulated box, 2-1 steel structure box cavity, 2-2 thermal insulation refractory material, 2-3 lifting lugs, 3. horizontal edge of tank shell, 4. upper horizontal smoke hood plate, 5. vertical plate mounting concave groove, 6. anode carbon block.

[0024] Detailed Implementation: The specific implementation of the novel aluminum electrolytic cell side surface insulation configuration structure described in this invention will be more clearly shown in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Example 1, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the novel aluminum electrolytic cell side insulation configuration structure described in this embodiment is divided into two main parts: the upper part is a lightweight insulation cell cover plate (1), and the lower part is a heavy-duty vertical insulation box (2). The bottom of the heavy-duty vertical insulation box (2) is mounted on the upper part of the horizontal edge plate (3) of the aluminum electrolytic cell shell; the bottom of the lightweight insulation cell cover plate (1) is mounted on the heavy-duty vertical insulation box (2), and its upper part is fastened to the horizontal smoke hood plate (4). Figure 1 As shown, two lightweight insulation panels are installed along the length of a heavy-duty vertical insulation box (1). Of course, in actual production, one to three panels can also be installed.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the lightweight insulated tank cover (1) of this embodiment is constructed by combining an aluminum alloy rectangular square tube (1-1), an upper cover (1-2), a lower cover (1-3), and a fiber insulation material (1-3) sandwiched in between. Insulating plates (1-4 and 1-5) are provided at the upper and lower ends of the lightweight insulated tank cover (1). To facilitate the smelter's operation on the upper part of the aluminum electrolysis cell during the electrode changing operation, a rectangular square tube step (1-6) made of aluminum alloy square tube is constructed on the upper part of the lightweight insulated tank cover (1). To facilitate the smelter's movement and opening of the lightweight insulated tank cover, a lifting operation handle made of aluminum alloy square tube is provided on the rectangular square tube step (1-7).

[0027] On the upper part of a heavy-duty vertical insulation box (2), multiple lightweight insulation tank covers (1) are correspondingly installed. The purpose is to improve the insulation performance of the lightweight insulation tank covers (1). After the increase in structural materials and the resulting increase in unit area weight, the weight of a single insulation tank cover is reduced relative to the weight of the large block area. This allows workers to selectively operate and open the lightweight tank covers of different areas according to the process conditions of different electrolytic areas. This design not only reduces the labor intensity of the operators and facilitates operation, but also reduces heat loss in the electrolytic cell due to the small area of ​​the lightweight insulation tank covers (1) when performing maintenance work. This is more conducive to improving the stability of the thermal balance temperature of the electrode switching operation space in the aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0028] like Figure 1 Figure 2 As shown, the heavy-duty vertical insulation box (2) installed on the upper part of the aluminum electrolysis cell shell, at the end of the anode carbon block, and at the bottom of the side insulation is a box-shaped steel structure. The steel structure box cavity (2-1) is filled with high-temperature resistant heat-insulating and refractory material (2-2). Designing the heavy-duty vertical insulation box (2) as a box-shaped (2-1) structure with high strength and directly installing it in the concave groove (5) of the horizontal edge plate (3) on the upper part of the aluminum electrolysis cell shell can not only increase the stability and support strength of its overall structure, but also facilitate the hoisting and positioning operation by using a multi-functional overhead crane with the lifting lugs set on the heavy-duty vertical insulation box.

[0029] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown: During the production process of the electrolytic cell, if the process condition of a local area of ​​the aluminum electrolytic cell needs maintenance, it is only necessary to lift and move one of the lightweight insulation tank cover plates (1) on the top of the aluminum electrolytic cell to perform process maintenance inside the aluminum electrolytic cell. After the maintenance is completed, simply replace and fasten the lightweight insulation tank cover plate (1) to its original position.

[0030] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 ,Figure 7 As shown, if it is necessary to perform electrode replacement operation on the electrolytic cell during the production process, first remove the two light-duty heat-insulating tank cover plates (1) on the upper part of the side of the electrolytic cell involving the related area in the electrode replacement operation area, and then move the heavy-duty vertical heat-insulating box (2) at the bottom of it out with a multi-functional overhead crane to perform the electrode replacement operation. After the electrode replacement operation is completed, the heavy-duty vertical heat-insulating box (2) and the upper light-duty heat-insulating tank cover plates (1) can be reset.

[0031] Technological advancements and benefits: By employing the novel large-area side insulation configuration structure described in this invention for insulation operations in aluminum electrolysis cells, the temperature of the electrode-changing working space within the electrolysis cell can be increased to over 150℃ after application testing. The anode covering material of the aluminum electrolysis cell can be reduced by 3cm, and the power consumption per ton of aluminum production can be reduced by 50kWh. The increased temperature and improved thermal balance stability within the electrode-changing working space of the aluminum electrolysis cell also facilitate the utilization of waste heat from the electrolysis flue gas.

Claims

1. A novel side surface insulation configuration structure for an aluminum electrolytic cell, characterized in that: The tank cover structure, installed on the upper middle side of the horizontal fume hood and the tank shell, is composed of two parts: a heavy-duty vertical insulated box wall and a lightweight insulated tank cover. The heavy-duty vertical insulated box wall is arranged along the length of the aluminum electrolytic cell and is installed on the horizontal edge plate on the upper part of the aluminum electrolytic cell shell. It provides thermal insulation for the upper side of the tank shell and the high-temperature area at the end of the anode carbon block in the electrode changing operation space of the aluminum electrolytic cell. The lightweight insulated tank cover, constructed of an aluminum alloy frame structure and lightweight insulated refractory fiber material, is installed on the upper part of the heavy-duty insulated wall structure and between the horizontal fume hood of the aluminum electrolytic cell, providing thermal insulation for the upper part of the electrode changing operation space of the aluminum electrolytic cell.

2. The novel aluminum electrolytic cell side surface insulation configuration structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Its heavy-duty vertical insulated box wall is constructed by combining a metal box shell and insulated and fire-resistant materials; Its metal box shell is a concave metal box shell structure, and the heavy-duty vertical insulated box wall is filled with heat-insulating and fire-resistant materials.

3. A novel large-area heat preservation configuration structure for the side of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of its heavy-duty vertical insulated box wall is greater than the length of the end of the anode carbon block in the aluminum electrolysis cell, and the height of its heavy-duty vertical insulated box wall is greater than or equal to the initial height of the anode carbon block installed in the aluminum electrolysis cell. Lifting rings are installed on the side of the heavy-duty vertical insulated box wall.

4. A novel large-area heat insulation configuration structure for the side of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: Its lightweight insulated groove cover is constructed of an aluminum alloy rectangular support frame and upper and lower cover plates, with lightweight thermal insulation material filling the space between the upper and lower aluminum alloy cover plates.

5. A novel large-area heat insulation configuration structure for the side of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: in The lightweight insulated trough cover has an aluminum alloy frame with steps made of rectangular aluminum alloy square tubes, and handles are installed on the steps.

6. A novel large-area heat insulation configuration structure for the side of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: in Insulating plates are installed at both the top and bottom of the lightweight insulated tank cover. The insulating plates are used to implement an insulation configuration between the upper horizontal cover plate of the aluminum electrolysis tank and the bottom heavy-duty vertical insulated box wall.

7. A novel large-area heat preservation configuration structure for the side of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: To facilitate manual operation, the width of each lightweight insulation tank cover should be smaller than the width of the heavy-duty vertical insulation box wall. Multiple lightweight insulation tank covers can be installed on the upper part of a heavy-duty vertical insulation box wall.

8. A novel large-area heat insulation configuration structure for the side of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: When performing production and maintenance on aluminum electrolysis cells, a lightweight insulated tank cover can be moved to perform maintenance work on the aluminum electrolysis cells.

9. A novel large-area heat insulation configuration structure for the side of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: in When performing insulation maintenance on aluminum electrolytic cells, the lightweight insulation cell cover is manually moved, while the heavy-duty vertical insulation box wall is moved and installed using a crane, i.e., a multi-functional overhead crane, during the electrode replacement operation.

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