A photovoltaic roof and a method for assembling a photovoltaic roof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic roofing technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic roof and a photovoltaic roofing assembly method. The method includes: a photovoltaic panel rotatably mounted on a roof frame via a mounting bracket; a drive mechanism; a cleaning scraper disposed above the photovoltaic panel; and a cleaning strip disposed below the photovoltaic panel. By linking the cleaning scraper with the rotation mechanism of the photovoltaic panel, as the panel rotates from an inclined working state to a horizontal retracted state, the cleaning scraper automatically slides along the panel surface to scrape away accumulated dust. Furthermore, a rotating dust removal component within the cleaning strip at the lower end of the panel performs self-cleaning of the scraper. This achieves mechanical coupling between the retraction / retraction action and the cleaning function, eliminating the need for an additional power source or manual intervention. It effectively solves the problems of reduced power generation efficiency due to dust accumulation in traditional photovoltaic roofs and the high cost and complex maintenance of independent cleaning devices, significantly improving the system's automation level and operational reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic roofing technology, and more particularly to a photovoltaic roof and a photovoltaic roofing assembly method. Background Technology

[0002] With the transformation of the global energy structure and the advancement of the "dual carbon" goal, photovoltaic power generation, as an important component of clean energy, is increasingly being integrated into building rooftops.

[0003] Currently, most conventional photovoltaic roof systems adopt a fixed tilt angle installation mode, which locks the photovoltaic panels at a preset angle through rigid brackets to achieve optimal sunlight reception. Although some improved solutions have introduced motor-driven adjustment mechanisms, they generally suffer from problems such as complex structure, high component redundancy, and a single motor driving only a single panel, which significantly increases system cost and operation and maintenance difficulty.

[0004] In addition, dust accumulation on the surface of photovoltaic panels can significantly reduce power generation efficiency. Existing cleaning methods mainly rely on manual periodic wiping or independently set automatic cleaning devices, which are labor-intensive, costly, and have obvious shortcomings in cleaning timeliness. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0006] In view of the aforementioned problem of inconvenient cleaning of photovoltaic roofs, this invention is proposed.

[0007] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic roof and a method for assembling a photovoltaic roof.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a photovoltaic roof, comprising, A photovoltaic panel, wherein a mounting frame is fixedly connected to the back of the photovoltaic panel, and the photovoltaic panel is rotatably mounted on the roof frame via the mounting frame; A drive mechanism, which is connected to the mounting frame, is used to drive the photovoltaic panel to rotate between an inclined working state and a horizontally retracted state. A cleaning scraper is installed above the photovoltaic panel, including a scraper body and a scraper strip installed at the lower end of the scraper body. The cleaning scraper strip is movably connected to the roof frame through a rod. As the photovoltaic panel is gradually leveled, the cleaning scraper strip can slide on the photovoltaic panel. A cleaning strip is located at the lower end of the photovoltaic panel. Inside the cleaning strip is a dust removal component. When the cleaning strip finishes cleaning and moves to the lower end of the photovoltaic panel, the scraper enters the cleaning strip, and the dust removal component contacts and rotates to remove the dust from the scraper.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic roof of the present invention, the mounting frame is connected to the roof frame body via a rotating shaft, the drive motor is connected to the roof frame body via a sliding fastening block, the output end of the drive motor is connected to a screw via a pentagonal engagement, and each set of roof frame bodies is slidably connected with a crossbar, the crossbar is connected to a movable rod via a pin, one end of the movable rod is connected to the roof frame body via a pin, and a connecting block is installed at the bottom of each set of crossbars, and every two sets of connecting blocks are connected by a connecting rod snap-fit.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic roof of the present invention, the screw and the output end of the drive motor are engaged by a pentagonal engagement, and the screw is locked on the drive motor by a pin. All components in the drive mechanism are quick-release structures, which facilitates the assembly of the photovoltaic roof. A single drive motor can be used to drive all photovoltaic panels on a set of roof frames, so that the photovoltaic panels in that row can be laid flat synchronously.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic roof of the present invention, the crossbar engages with the screw, the rotation of the screw is used to apply tension to the crossbar, and when the crossbar moves, the angle of the movable rod naturally changes, at which time the mounting frame and photovoltaic panel are gradually laid flat.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic roof of the present invention, the roof frame is provided with a fixed slider, which is fixed to the roof frame by tightening. A support shaft is installed on the outer wall of the fixed slider, and a rotating rod is movably connected to the support shaft. A slide rail is installed on the side wall of the mounting frame, and the slide rail is located on the side wall of the photovoltaic panel. A moving block is installed on the slide rail.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic roof of the present invention, the movable block is connected to the cleaning scraper, and the movable block plays a supporting and guiding role for the cleaning scraper. When the photovoltaic panel is laid flat, its mounting back frame and slide rail move down together. At this time, the movable block and the rotating rod are passively moved due to the movement of the slide rail. At this time, the movable block gradually drives the cleaning scraper to move to the other end of the photovoltaic panel.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic roof of the present invention, wherein: the inner walls on both sides of the cleaning strip are provided with sleeves, the sleeves are connected to the cleaning wheel brush, the end of the cleaning wheel brush is equipped with a torsion spring, one end of the torsion spring is equipped with a power storage wheel, and the power storage wheel protrudes and is embedded in the slide rail, the outer wall of the moving block is equipped with a toothed plate, and the toothed plate engages with the power storage wheel when it contacts the toothed plate.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic roof of the present invention, the outer wall of the sleeve is provided with multiple sets of recessed holes, the inner wall of the cleaning strip is provided with a spring member, the spring member is provided with a clamping plate, the clamping plate is located on one side of the recessed hole, the side wall of the clamping plate is provided with a touch-bending plate, and the touch-bending rod is located on one side of the moving block moving terminal.

[0016] A method for assembling a photovoltaic roof includes the following steps: S1: Fix the roof frame to the building's roof structure; S2: Connect the mounting back frame and crossbar at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel to the roof frame through a sliding structure. Then tighten the sliding structure at the mounting back frame to the roof frame. Then connect the fixed slider to the roof frame and adjust the position of each set of fixed sliders on the roof frame. Repeat this process until the last photovoltaic panel of the roof frame is installed. S3: Slidably connect a set of drive motors on one side of the last set of installed photovoltaic panels, mesh and assemble the last set of installed crossbars with screws, then mesh and install the drive motors with screws, and finally tighten the drive motors onto the roof frame to realize the transmission connection between a single set of drive motors and multiple sets of photovoltaic panels.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic roof assembly method of the present invention, in step S2: every two sets of the crossbars are connected by a quick-release structure of connecting blocks and connecting rods, each set of connecting rods has the same length, and the distance between the fixing points of each set of photovoltaic panels and the roof frame is the same, thereby ensuring that the tilt angle of each set of photovoltaic panels remains consistent.

[0018] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the known prior art: I. By linking the cleaning scraper with the rotating mechanism of the photovoltaic panel, the cleaning scraper automatically slides along the panel surface to scrape away the accumulated dust as the panel rotates from the tilted working state to the horizontal retracted state. The rotating dust removal component inside the cleaning strip at the bottom of the panel performs self-cleaning on the scraper. This achieves mechanical coupling between the retraction action and the cleaning function, without the need for an additional power source or manual intervention. It effectively solves the problems of reduced power generation efficiency caused by dust accumulation on traditional photovoltaic roofs and the high cost and complex maintenance of independent cleaning devices, significantly improving the system's automation level and operational reliability. Second, the system adopts a single drive motor to synchronously drive the entire row of photovoltaic panels through a screw and quick-release crossbar structure. Combined with the connecting rod snap-fit ​​connection and sliding connection assembly method, it simplifies the complexity of the drive mechanism and the redundancy of components, and reduces the system cost and installation difficulty. At the same time, through the standardized connecting rod length and uniform fixed point spacing design, it ensures that the tilt angle of each panel is consistent, improves the assembly accuracy and efficiency, and is conducive to the large-scale promotion and application of photovoltaic roof technology. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic roof.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a side view of a photovoltaic roof.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting frame for a photovoltaic roof.

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the image.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a drive mechanism for a photovoltaic roof.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a sleeve for a photovoltaic roof.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a pressure-bending plate for a photovoltaic roof.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1. Photovoltaic panel; 11. Mounting frame; 2. Roof frame; 3. Drive mechanism; 31. Drive motor; 32. Screw; 33. Crossbar; 34. Movable rod; 35. Connecting block; 36. Connecting rod; 4. Cleaning scraper; 41. Fixed slider; 42. Support shaft; 43. Rotating rod; 44. Slide rail; 45. Moving block; 5. Cleaning strip; 51. Cleaning wheel brush; 52. Torsion spring; 53. Energy storage wheel; 54. Toothed plate; 55. Sleeve; 56. Recessed hole; 57. Spring component; 58. Clamping plate; 59. Press-down bending plate. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0031] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of the present invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not according to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, actual fabrication should include three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth.

[0032] Reference Figures 1-7 This is one embodiment of the present invention, which provides a photovoltaic roof, including a photovoltaic panel 1. A mounting frame 11 is fixedly connected to the back of the photovoltaic panel 1. The mounting frame 11 is used to support the photovoltaic panel 1 and improve the connection strength of the photovoltaic panel 1. The photovoltaic panel 1 is rotatably mounted on the roof frame 2 through the mounting frame 11, so that the photovoltaic panel 1 can rotate under the transmission of the drive mechanism 3.

[0033] Specifically, the drive mechanism 3 is connected to the mounting frame 11 for driving the photovoltaic panel 1 to rotate between the tilted working state and the horizontal retracted state. The mounting frame 11 is connected to the roof frame 2 via a rotating shaft. The drive motor 31 is connected to the roof frame 2 via a sliding fastening block. The output end of the drive motor 31 is connected to a screw 32 via a pentagonal engagement. Each set of roof frame 2 is slidably connected to a crossbar 33. The crossbar 33 is connected to a movable rod 34 via a pin. One end of the movable rod 34 is connected to the roof frame 2 via a pin. A connecting block 35 is installed at the bottom of each set of crossbars 33. Each pair of connecting blocks 35 is connected by a connecting rod 36, so that when one set of crossbars 33 moves, each set of crossbars 33 moves synchronously, thereby ensuring that multiple sets of photovoltaic panels 1 are laid flat and tilted synchronously.

[0034] Furthermore, after the screw 32 and the output end of the drive motor 31 are engaged by a pentagonal engagement, the screw 32 is locked on the drive motor 31 by a pin. All components in the drive mechanism 3 are quick-release structures, which facilitates the assembly of the photovoltaic roof. A single drive motor 31 can be used to drive all the photovoltaic panels 1 on a set of roof frame 2, so that the photovoltaic panels 1 in that row can be laid flat synchronously.

[0035] Furthermore, the crossbar 33 engages with the screw 32. The rotation of the screw 32 applies tension to the crossbar 33. When the crossbar 33 moves, the angle of the movable rod 34 naturally changes. At this time, the mounting frame 11 and the photovoltaic panel 1 are gradually laid flat. When the screw 32 reverses, the rotation of the screw 32 drives the crossbar 33 to move. The crossbar 33 applies a pushing force to the movable rod 34. At this time, the movable rod 34 gradually increases its tilt angle from a horizontal state, and then gradually supports the photovoltaic panel 1 upward again. By simply rotating the screw 32 forward and backward, the photovoltaic panel 1 can be laid flat and tilted, so that the photovoltaic panel 1 can withstand strong winds and avoid breakage after being laid flat.

[0036] Furthermore, the cleaning scraper 4 is positioned above the photovoltaic panel 1, including a scraper body and a scraper strip installed at the lower end of the scraper body. The scraper strip is inclined so that when it moves downward on the top surface of the photovoltaic panel 1, it does not apply too much force to the photovoltaic panel 1, ensuring that the cleaning scraper strip 4 and other components can slide downward by their own weight. When the scraper strip moves upward, it applies sufficient pressure to the photovoltaic panel 1 to achieve the dust removal action. The cleaning scraper strip 4 is movably connected to the roof frame 2 through a rod. As the photovoltaic panel 1 gradually flattens, the cleaning scraper strip 4 can slide on the photovoltaic panel 1.

[0037] Furthermore, a fixed slider 41 is provided on the roof frame 2. The fixed slider 41 is easy to install on the roof frame 2. The fixed slider 41 is fixed to the roof frame 2 by tightening. When tightening, the operator ensures the distance between the fixed slider 41 and the connection point between the mounting back frame 11 and the roof frame 2, so that the cleaning scraper 4 can be moved to one end of the cleaning strip 5. A support shaft 42 is installed on the outer wall of the fixed slider 41. The support shaft 42 is movably connected to a rotating rod 43. The length of the rotating rod 43 is sufficient so that the cleaning scraper 4 at one end of the rotating rod 43 can be moved into the cleaning strip 5 after the photovoltaic panel 1 is laid flat. A slide rail 44 is installed on the side wall of the mounting back frame 11, and the slide rail 44 is located on the side wall of the photovoltaic panel 1. A moving block 45 is installed on the slide rail 44. The slide rail 44 mainly guides the moving block 45 to ensure that the cleaning scraper 4 can scrape dust off the photovoltaic panel 1 when it moves.

[0038] Furthermore, the movable block 45 is connected to the cleaning scraper 4, and the movable block 45 plays a supporting and guiding role for the cleaning scraper 4. The movable block 45 slides stably on the slide rail 44, and is then guided and restricted by the rotating rod 43, so that the cleaning scraper 4 can move stably from one end of the photovoltaic panel 1 to the other end. When the photovoltaic panel 1 is flat, its mounting back frame 11 and the slide rail 44 move down together. At this time, the movable block 45 and the rotating rod 43 are passively moved due to the movement of the slide rail 44. At this time, the movable block 45 gradually drives the cleaning scraper 4 to move to the other end of the photovoltaic panel 1.

[0039] Furthermore, the cleaning strip 5 is located at the lower end of the photovoltaic panel 1, and a gap is maintained between the cleaning strip 5 and the photovoltaic panel 1. This allows the dust adhering to the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1 to fall onto the roof through the gap when the cleaning scraper 4 is slightly scraped, thus preventing too much dust from entering the cleaning strip 5. The cleaning strip 5 is equipped with a dust removal component that can remove dust from the cleaning scraper 4. When the cleaning scraper 4 finishes cleaning and moves to the lower end of the photovoltaic panel 1, the scraper enters the cleaning strip 5, and the dust removal component contacts and rotates to remove the dust from the scraper.

[0040] Furthermore, sleeves 55 are provided on the inner walls of both sides of the cleaning strip 5. The two sleeves 55 are connected to the cleaning wheel brush 51. The sleeves 55 mainly support the cleaning wheel brush 51, and the hollow area inside the sleeves 55 provides space for the installation and storage of the torsion spring 52. The end of the cleaning wheel brush 51 is equipped with the torsion spring 52, and one end of the torsion spring 52 is equipped with a storage wheel 53. The storage wheel 53 protrudes and is embedded in the slide rail 44. When the moving block 45 approaches the storage wheel 53, the concave area of ​​the moving block 45 can smoothly pass through the storage wheel 53, so that the embedded storage wheel 53 does not affect the movement of the moving block 45. The outer wall of the moving block 45 is equipped with a toothed plate 54. When the toothed plate 54 contacts the storage wheel 53, it generates tooth block meshing. Through tooth block meshing, the movement of the toothed plate 54 can drive the storage wheel 53 to rotate and apply a deformation force to the torsion spring 52.

[0041] Furthermore, the outer wall of the sleeve 55 has multiple sets of recessed holes 56, which are used to lock the sleeve 55 after it has been charged. This allows the sleeve 55 to be unlocked after the cleaning scraper 4 has fully entered the cleaning strip 5. At this time, the sleeve 55 and the cleaning wheel brush 51 can be rotated by the charged torsion spring 52. A spring member 57 is installed on the inner wall of the cleaning strip 5, and a locking plate 58 is installed on the spring member 57. The locking plate 58 is located on one side of the recessed hole 56. The spring member 57 applies elastic force to the locking plate 58, so that the locking plate 58 can be embedded in the recessed hole 56 to restrict the sleeve 55. A pressure bending plate 59 is installed on the side wall of the locking plate 58. The pressure bending plate 59 is located on the side of the moving end of the moving block 45. When the pressure bending plate 59 is pressed by the moving block 45, it will drive the locking plate 58 to move, so that the restriction of the sleeve 55 can be removed.

[0042] Operation process: In windy weather, the drive motor 31 drives the screw 32 to rotate. The rotation of the screw 32 drives a set of crossbars 33 to move. The movement of these crossbars 33 drives each set of crossbars 33 to move synchronously through the connecting rod 36. The movement of the crossbars 33 causes the movable rod 34 supporting the mounting frame 11 to tilt. At this time, the photovoltaic panel 1 rotates and moves around the fixed end of the mounting frame 11 and the roof frame 2, so that one side of the photovoltaic panel 1 gradually flattens. During the downward movement of the photovoltaic panel 1, the cleaning scraper 4 and the moving block... 45 moves passively on the slide rail 44 due to its own weight. At this time, the rotating rod 43 and the fixed end of the roof frame 2 are centered. The rotating rod 43 guides the moving block 45 to the other end of the photovoltaic panel 1. When the moving block 45 moves closer to the energy storage wheel 53, its toothed plate 54 touches the energy storage wheel 53 and rotates. At this time, the torsion spring 52 deforms and stores energy until the moving block 45 presses against the bent plate 59. The bent plate 59 moves and drives the clamping plate 58 to move, so that the clamping plate 58 is no longer embedded in the concave hole 56. At this time, the cleaning wheel brush is activated. Driven by the stored torsion spring 52, the cleaning brush 51 rotates, striking the bottom of the cleaning scraper 4, thus removing the dust adhering to the scraper and keeping it clean. This facilitates the cleaning of the photovoltaic panel 1 when the cleaning scraper 4 is restored. When it is necessary to restore the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 1, the drive motor 31 reverses to drive the screw 32 to rotate. The screw 32 pushes the crossbar 33 to move, and the crossbar 33 applies a thrust to the movable rod 34. At this time, the movable rod 34 gradually increases the tilt angle from a horizontal state, thus gradually supporting the photovoltaic panel 1 upward again. Due to the tilt and rotation of the photovoltaic panel 1, the upward movement of its slide rail 44 applies an upward force to the moving block 45, causing the moving block 45 to move to the other end of the slide rail 44. The movement of the moving block 45 drives the cleaning scraper 4 to move, thus cleaning the photovoltaic panel 1. The dust finally falls from the top of the photovoltaic panel 1 onto the roof, so that the photovoltaic panel 1 is restored to work while the dust is cleaned, improving the efficiency of subsequent work.

[0043] Example 2 Reference Figure 7 This is the second embodiment of the present invention, which provides a photovoltaic roof assembly method.

[0044] Specifically, the roof frame 2 is fixed to the building roof structure, and the lower end of the roof frame 2 is nailed to the roof by a rivet structure.

[0045] Furthermore, the mounting back frame 11 and crossbar 33 at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 1 are connected to the roof frame 2 through a sliding structure. Then, the sliding structure at the mounting back frame 11 is tightened onto the roof frame 2. Then, the fixed slider 41 is connected to the roof frame 2, and the position of each set of fixed sliders 41 on the roof frame 2 is adjusted. This process is repeated until the last photovoltaic panel 1 of the row of roof frames 2 is installed. Each pair of crossbars 33 is connected by a quick-release structure of connecting block 35 and connecting rod 36. Each pair of connecting rods 36 has the same length, and the distance between the fixing points of each photovoltaic panel 1 and the roof frame 2 is the same, thereby ensuring that the tilt angle of each photovoltaic panel 1 remains consistent.

[0046] Furthermore, a set of drive motors 31 are slidably connected to one side of the last set of installed photovoltaic panels 1, the last set of installed crossbars 33 are engaged with screws 32, the drive motors 31 are engaged with screws 32, and the drive motors 31 are tightened onto the roof frame 2 to realize the transmission connection between a single set of drive motors 31 and multiple sets of photovoltaic panels 1. This allows each row of photovoltaic modules to be driven by only one drive motor 31, and the installation of each module is convenient and quick, reducing the installation difficulty and further increasing the popularity of this type of photovoltaic roof.

[0047] The remaining structures are the same as in Embodiment 1. It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic roof, characterized in that: include, A photovoltaic panel (1) is fixedly connected to a mounting frame (11) on its back side. The photovoltaic panel (1) is rotatably mounted on the roof frame (2) via the mounting frame (11). The drive mechanism (3) is connected to the mounting frame (11) for driving the photovoltaic panel (1) to rotate between the tilted working state and the horizontal retracted state; The cleaning scraper (4) is set above the photovoltaic panel (1), including a scraper body and a scraper installed at the lower end of the scraper body. The cleaning scraper (4) is movably connected to the roof frame (2) through a rod. When the photovoltaic panel (1) is gradually flattened, the cleaning scraper (4) can slide on the photovoltaic panel (1). The cleaning strip (5) is located at the lower end of the photovoltaic panel (1). Inside it is a dust removal component that can remove dust from the cleaning scraper (4). When the cleaning scraper (4) finishes cleaning and moves to the lower end of the photovoltaic panel (1), the scraper enters the cleaning strip (5), and the dust removal component contacts the scraper and rotates to remove the dust on the scraper.

2. The photovoltaic roof as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting frame (11) is connected to the roof frame (2) via a rotating shaft. The drive motor (31) is connected to the roof frame (2) via a sliding fastening block. The output end of the drive motor (31) is connected to a screw (32) via a pentagonal meshing. Each set of roof frames (2) is slidably connected to a crossbar (33). The crossbar (33) is connected to a movable rod (34) via a pin. One end of the movable rod (34) is connected to the roof frame (2) via a pin. A connecting block (35) is installed at the bottom of each set of crossbars (33). Each pair of connecting blocks (35) is connected by a connecting rod (36) with a snap fastening.

3. The photovoltaic roof as described in claim 2, characterized in that: After the screw (32) and the output end of the drive motor (31) are engaged by a pentagonal engagement, the screw (32) is locked on the drive motor (31) by a pin. All components in the drive mechanism (3) are quick-release structures, which facilitates the assembly of the photovoltaic roof. A single drive motor (31) can be used to drive all the photovoltaic panels (1) on a set of roof frames (2), so that the photovoltaic panels (1) in this row can be laid flat synchronously.

4. The photovoltaic roof as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The crossbar (33) meshes with the screw (32). The rotation of the screw (32) is used to apply tension to the crossbar (33). When the crossbar (33) moves, the angle of the movable rod (34) naturally changes. At this time, the mounting frame (11) and the photovoltaic panel (1) are gradually laid flat.

5. The photovoltaic roof as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The roof frame (2) is provided with a fixed slider (41), which is fixed to the roof frame (2) by tightening. The outer wall of the fixed slider (41) is equipped with a support shaft (42), and the support shaft (42) is movably connected to a rotating rod (43). The side wall of the mounting frame (11) is equipped with a slide rail (44), and the slide rail (44) is located on the side wall of the photovoltaic panel (1). The slide rail (44) is equipped with a moving block (45).

6. The photovoltaic roof as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The movable block (45) is connected to the cleaning scraper (4). The movable block (45) plays a supporting and guiding role for the cleaning scraper (4). When the photovoltaic panel (1) is laid flat, its mounting back frame (11) and slide rail (44) move down together. At this time, the movable block (45) and rotating rod (43) are passively moved due to the movement of the slide rail (44). At this time, the movable block (45) gradually drives the cleaning scraper (4) to move to the other end of the photovoltaic panel (1).

7. The photovoltaic roof as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The inner walls of both sides of the cleaning strip (5) are provided with sleeves (55), and the sleeves (55) are connected to the cleaning wheel brush (51). The end of the cleaning wheel brush (51) is equipped with a torsion spring (52), and one end of the torsion spring (52) is equipped with a power storage wheel (53). The power storage wheel (53) protrudes and is embedded in the slide rail (44). The outer wall of the moving block (45) is equipped with a toothed plate (54). When the toothed plate (54) contacts the power storage wheel (53), the toothed block meshes.

8. The photovoltaic roof as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The outer wall of the sleeve (55) has multiple sets of recessed holes (56), and the inner wall of the cleaning strip (5) is equipped with a spring (57). The spring (57) is equipped with a clamping plate (58). The clamping plate (58) is located on one side of the recessed hole (56). The side wall of the clamping plate (58) is equipped with a touch-pressure bending plate (59). The touch-pressure bending plate (59) is located on the side of the moving terminal of the moving block (45).

9. A method for assembling a photovoltaic roof as described in any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Fix the roof frame (2) to the building roof structure; S2: Connect the mounting back frame (11) and crossbar (33) at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel (1) to the roof frame (2) through a sliding structure. Then tighten the sliding structure at the mounting back frame (11) to the roof frame (2). Then connect the fixed slider (41) to the roof frame (2) and adjust the position of each set of fixed sliders (41) on the roof frame (2). Repeat this process until the last photovoltaic panel (1) of the roof frame (2) is installed. S3: Slide a set of drive motors (31) on one side of the last set of installed photovoltaic panels (1), mesh the last set of installed crossbars (33) with screws (32), mesh the drive motors (31) with screws (32) and then tighten the drive motors (31) onto the roof frame (2) to realize the transmission connection between a single set of drive motors (31) and multiple sets of photovoltaic panels (1).

10. The assembly method according to claim 9, characterized in that, In S2: each pair of crossbars (33) are connected by a quick-release structure of connecting block (35) and connecting rod (36). The length of each connecting rod (36) is the same, and the distance between the fixed points of each photovoltaic panel (1) and the roof frame (2) is the same, thereby ensuring that the tilt angle of each photovoltaic panel (1) remains consistent.

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