A method and apparatus for measuring channel state

Abstract

This disclosure provides a method and apparatus for measuring channel state. The method includes: acquiring a target processing strategy, processing the received signal according to the target processing strategy to obtain a target channel estimation result set; then, acquiring an equivalent correlation matrix based on the target channel estimation result set, and performing a link quality metric (LQM) validity judgment based on the equivalent correlation matrix. Further, in response to a valid LQM validity judgment result, acquiring an LQM calculation result based on the equivalent correlation matrix, and acquiring and reporting the signal measurement result based on the LQM calculation result. This disclosure, based on an LQM validity determination scheme using the equivalent correlation matrix, ensures the validity, accuracy, and precision of the measurement results obtained based on the LQM calculation results. It also features strong scalability and versatility, low area and power consumption overhead, and high robustness, enabling it to handle extreme non-ideal radio frequency scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to communication technology, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for measuring channel state. Background Technology

[0002] With the development and commercialization of massive MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) technology, the number of transmit antenna ports used for Channel State Information (CSI) measurement is constantly increasing. From a maximum of 8 ports required in 4G (4th Generation Mobile Communication Technology), to a maximum of 32 ports in 5G (5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology), and a projected maximum of 128 ports in future 6G (6th Generation Mobile Communication Technology) systems. A larger number of antenna codebooks can generate higher SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio) gain, thus providing a greater dynamic range for downlink CSI measurements.

[0003] However, in such high dynamic range CSI measurement calculations, the validity and accuracy of the measurement results are often difficult to guarantee.

[0004] Currently, there is no perfect method for measuring channel state. Therefore, proposing an effective and reliable method for measuring channel state, and ensuring the validity and accuracy of the measurement results, has become an important research direction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure addresses some of the shortcomings mentioned in the background art by providing a method and apparatus for measuring channel state.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a method for measuring channel state, comprising: acquiring a target processing strategy, and processing a received signal according to the target processing strategy to obtain a target channel estimation result set; acquiring an equivalent correlation matrix according to the target channel estimation result set; performing a link quality metric (LQM) validity judgment based on the equivalent correlation matrix; and, in response to the LQM validity judgment result being valid, acquiring an LQM calculation result based on the equivalent correlation matrix, and acquiring and reporting the signal measurement result based on the LQM calculation result.

[0007] In a second aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a channel state measurement apparatus, comprising: a channel estimation processing unit, configured to acquire a target processing strategy and process received signals according to the target processing strategy to obtain a target channel estimation result set; a matrix acquisition unit, configured to acquire an equivalent correlation matrix according to the target channel estimation result set; a validity judgment unit, configured to perform a link quality metric (LQM) validity judgment according to the equivalent correlation matrix; and a measurement result acquisition unit, configured to, in response to the LQM validity judgment result being valid, acquire an LQM calculation result according to the equivalent correlation matrix, and acquire and report the signal measurement result according to the LQM calculation result.

[0008] In a third aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, it implements the method described in the first aspect.

[0009] In a fourth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a processor-readable storage medium storing a computer program for causing a processor to perform the method described in the first aspect.

[0010] In a fifth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program product including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in the first aspect.

[0011] The embodiments provided in this disclosure have at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a channel state measurement method can be implemented by acquiring a target processing strategy and processing the received signal according to the target processing strategy to obtain a target channel estimation result set. Then, based on the target channel estimation result set, an equivalent correlation matrix is ​​obtained, and the link quality metric (LQM) validity is determined based on the equivalent correlation matrix. Further, in response to a valid LQM validity determination result, an LQM calculation result is obtained based on the equivalent correlation matrix, and the signal measurement result is obtained and reported based on the LQM calculation result. Therefore, the present disclosure, based on an LQM validity determination scheme using the equivalent correlation matrix, can obtain valid and reliable LQM calculation results, thereby ensuring the validity, accuracy, and reliability of the measurement results obtained based on the LQM calculation results.

[0013] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Other features of this disclosure will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The accompanying drawings are provided to better understand this solution and do not constitute a limitation of this disclosure. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of a channel state measurement method; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for measuring channel state. Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating another method for measuring channel state; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a diagonal loading process; Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating another method for measuring channel state; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment involved in a channel state measurement process; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a channel state measurement process; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the LQM validity determination process during channel state measurement. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the magnitude distribution of a 32x32 correlation matrix before diagonal loading processing; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the magnitude distribution of the correlation matrix before diagonal loading processing; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the magnitude distribution of the correlation matrix after diagonal loading. Figure 12 This is a diagram illustrating performance comparison; Figure 13 This is another schematic diagram for performance comparison; Figure 14 This is another schematic diagram for performance comparison; Figure 15 This is another schematic diagram for performance comparison; Figure 16 This is another schematic diagram for performance comparison; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of a channel state measurement device; Figure 18 It is a block diagram of an electronic device. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present disclosure will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present disclosure and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, not the entire structure.

[0016] It should be noted that CSI feedback plays a crucial role in modern cellular systems. For example... Figure 1 As shown, during downlink transmission: First, the base station (BS) sends downlink CSI reference signals (such as CRS (Cell Specific Reference Signal), DMRS (Demodulation Reference Signal), or CSI-RS (Channel State Information Reference Signal)) to the user equipment (UE). Then, the UE feeds back the channel state indicators preset by the BS based on link measurements (such as PMI (Precoding Matrix Indicator), RI (Rank Indicator), and CQI (Channel Quality Indicator)). Finally, the BS configures MIMO precoding and MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) configuration information based on the CSI feedback and transmits downlink data to the UE.

[0017] In this scenario, on one hand, CSI feedback determines the performance of MIMO transmission because PMI and RI determine the design of MIMO precoding. On the other hand, the UE reports CQI information to the BS through CSI feedback so that the BS can select a more reliable MCS. CSI feedback directly determines the downlink data rate through a dynamic link adaptation scheme.

[0018] The CSI feedback framework can be divided into two stages: CSI measurement and CSI reporting.

[0019] During the CSI measurement phase, the UE measures the downlink transmission channel based on the CSI reference signal transmitted by the BS, and estimates information such as CQI, PMI, and RI based on the measurement results. During the CSI reporting phase, the UE can send the corresponding reporting information to the BS based on the feedback time-domain granularity (periodic, semi-periodic, and aperiodic) and frequency-domain granularity (wideband and subband), so that the BS can make decisions on resource allocation and transmission parameters to achieve optimal data transmission.

[0020] It should also be noted that CSI measurement involves a high dynamic range calculation. During this process, even minute fixed-point errors can cause negative definiteness issues in matrix calculations, leading to invalid measurement results. In other words, the validity and accuracy of the measurement results are often difficult to guarantee.

[0021] To address the challenges posed by the negative determination problem in CSI measurement to CSI feedback design, the traditional solutions in existing technologies typically aim to reduce the negative determination problem by increasing the fixed-point design bit width and improving calculation accuracy.

[0022] However, traditional solutions are not very effective, mainly due to the following drawbacks: 1. Poor effectiveness. Traditional solutions reduce the probability of negative determination by improving calculation accuracy, but cannot completely solve the problem. Negative determination leading to CSI measurement failure will cause a decrease in throughput and an increase in call drop rate. 2. Poor scalability. Traditional solutions cannot fundamentally solve the negative fixed problem. As the number of antennas and codebook configuration change, and as the dynamic range of the antenna codebook increases, traditional solutions become ineffective and require readjustment, resulting in poor scalability. 3. High complexity. Traditional solutions require increasing fixed-point bit width and precision, which inevitably increases the area and power consumption of digital circuits; 4. Low robustness. Traditional solutions cannot cope with extreme scenarios, such as the effects of non-ideal RF (Radio Frequency) conditions. In such scenarios, negative determination problems are more likely to occur, leading to measurement failure.

[0023] In other words, existing traditional solutions can only mitigate the negative effects, but cannot fundamentally solve the pain points. At the same time, they also increase the area and power consumption of digital circuit processing.

[0024] Therefore, this disclosure proposes a channel state measurement method based on an LQM validity determination scheme using an equivalent correlation matrix, which can obtain effective and reliable LQM calculation results, thereby ensuring the validity, accuracy, and precision of the measurement results obtained based on the LQM calculation results.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a channel state measurement method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. As one possible implementation, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the specific steps include: S201. Obtain the target processing strategy, and process the received signal according to the target processing strategy to obtain the target channel estimation result set.

[0026] S202. Obtain the equivalent correlation matrix based on the target channel estimation result set.

[0027] S203. Determine the validity of the Link Quality Metric (LQM) based on the equivalent correlation matrix.

[0028] S204. In response to the valid LQM validity judgment result, obtain the LQM calculation result based on the equivalent correlation matrix, and obtain the signal measurement result based on the LQM calculation result and report it.

[0029] In this disclosure, after receiving a signal, the received signal can first be processed according to the target processing strategy to obtain a set of target channel estimation results.

[0030] The target processing strategy can be set according to the actual situation, and this disclosure does not impose specific limitations. For example, the target processing strategy can be set to include the following three main processing steps: RawChannel Estimation (RawCE) processing, Channel Parameter Processing (CPP) processing, and Channel Estimation Processing (CEP) processing.

[0031] The target channel estimation result set refers to the set of multiple channel estimation results obtained after processing the signal according to the target processing strategy. Taking the above-mentioned target processing strategy as an example, in this case, the target channel estimation result set includes at least the fine channel estimation result, the noise estimation result, and the interference estimation result.

[0032] It should be noted that accurate and reliable LQM calculation results are an important prerequisite for the validity of signal measurement results. Therefore, in this disclosure, after obtaining the target channel estimation result set, an equivalent correlation matrix can be obtained based on the target channel estimation result set. The equivalent correlation matrix is ​​the key basis for judging the validity of LQM. After obtaining the equivalent correlation matrix, the validity of LQM can be judged based on the equivalent correlation matrix. When the validity judgment result is determined to be valid, the LQM calculation result is obtained based on the equivalent correlation matrix, and the signal measurement result is obtained based on the LQM calculation result, and the measurement result is reported to the base station.

[0033] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a channel state measurement method can be implemented by acquiring a target processing strategy and processing the received signal according to the target processing strategy to obtain a target channel estimation result set. Then, based on the target channel estimation result set, an equivalent correlation matrix is ​​obtained, and the link quality metric (LQM) validity is determined based on the equivalent correlation matrix. Further, in response to a valid LQM validity determination result, an LQM calculation result is obtained based on the equivalent correlation matrix, and the signal measurement result is obtained and reported based on the LQM calculation result. Therefore, the present disclosure, based on an LQM validity determination scheme using the equivalent correlation matrix, can obtain valid and reliable LQM calculation results, thereby ensuring the validity, accuracy, and reliability of the measurement results obtained based on the LQM calculation results.

[0034] The following describes in detail, with reference to an embodiment, step 202 above, "obtaining the equivalent correlation matrix based on the target channel estimation result set".

[0035] As one possible implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, the specific steps include: S301. Obtain the correlation matrix based on the target channel estimation result set.

[0036] S302. Obtain the precoding matrix indicator (PMI) codebook and the modulation and coding mechanism (MCS) configuration information, and obtain the equivalent correlation matrix based on the correlation matrix, PMI codebook and MCS configuration information.

[0037] It should be noted that this disclosure does not limit the specific method for obtaining the correlation matrix based on the target channel estimation result set, and it can be set according to the actual situation.

[0038] One possible implementation is to obtain the number of receive antenna ports of the UE and the number of transmit antenna ports of the BS, and then process the target channel estimation result set based on these numbers to obtain an effective channel estimation matrix. Further, a correlation matrix can be obtained from the effective channel estimation matrix.

[0039] For example, the number of receive antenna ports of the UE and the number of transmit antenna ports of the BS are obtained as follows: and ,according to and The target channel estimation result set (such as CE (Channel Estimation), NE (Noise Estimation), and IC (Interference Cancellation)) is processed to obtain a dimension of and Effective channel estimation matrix Furthermore, this can be based on the effective channel estimation matrix. The dimension is obtained as Correlation matrix ,and .

[0040] It should be noted that this disclosure does not limit the specific method for obtaining the equivalent correlation matrix based on the correlation matrix, PMI codebook, and MCS configuration information, and the method can be set according to the actual situation.

[0041] One possible implementation is to obtain the rank, wideband PMI, subband PMI, frequency domain, and target dimension based on the correlation matrix, PMI codebook, and MCS configuration information, and then obtain the equivalent precoding matrix based on the rank, wideband PMI, subband PMI, frequency domain, and target dimension. Furthermore, the equivalent correlation matrix can be obtained based on the equivalent precoding matrix.

[0042] For example, based on the correlation matrix, PMI codebook, and MCS configuration information, the rank is obtained. Broadband PMI subscript is Sub-band PMI subscript is Frequency domain subscripts are The target dimension is Based on the aforementioned parameters, the equivalent precoding matrix is ​​obtained. Furthermore, it can be based on the equivalent precoding matrix. The equivalent correlation matrix can be obtained using the following formula. ,and :

[0043] It should be noted that, in order to further improve the accuracy, effectiveness and reliability of the channel state measurement process in this disclosure, after obtaining the correlation matrix, it is also possible to detect whether the negative fixed protection has been activated, and to perform corresponding processing based on the detection results.

[0044] As one possible implementation, it is possible to detect whether negative setting protection has been started. In response to the detection that negative setting protection has been started, the correlation matrix is ​​diagonally loaded to obtain the processed correlation matrix. Based on the processed correlation matrix, PMI codebook and MCS configuration information, the equivalent correlation matrix is ​​obtained.

[0045] Optionally, when performing diagonal loading on the correlation matrix, the fixed-point bit width range of any diagonal element can be obtained for any diagonal element of the correlation matrix. Further, the target right shift number can be obtained based on the fixed-point bit width range, and the diagonal element can be shifted based on the target right shift number.

[0046] For example, such as Figure 4 As shown, where, Represents the correlation matrix The l Line number l The real elements in a column, that is, the elements on the diagonal. ; Represents the correlation matrix After diagonal loading is completed, at the... l Line number l Real elements in the column, ; α Represents diagonal elements Number of bits to be shifted right , M Depend on The fixed-point width range is determined by this.

[0047] In this case, the calculation process for diagonal loading is described as follows: [The text abruptly ends here, likely due to an incomplete sentence or a formatting error.] Move right first α Then, with the original Add the values ​​together to get And it becomes a new diagonal element. The mathematical expression for diagonal loading can be written as the following formula:

[0048] The following describes in detail, with reference to an embodiment, step 203 above, "judging the effectiveness of the Link Quality Metric (LQM) based on the equivalent correlation matrix".

[0049] As one possible implementation, the sequential principal minors of the determinant corresponding to the equivalent correlation matrix can be obtained, and the values ​​of the sequential principal minors of the determinant can be determined.

[0050] If the principal minor of the determinant is negative, the validity determination result is invalid.

[0051] If the order principal minors of the determinant are non-negative, further judgment can be made. Specifically, the order of the square matrix corresponding to the order principal minors of the determinant is obtained, as well as the range of values ​​for the order. The order is then incremented until the upper limit of the range is reached. If the order is the upper limit, the validity judgment result is determined to be valid.

[0052] For example, regarding the equivalent correlation matrix Obtain the order principal minors of the determinant corresponding to the equivalent correlation matrix. ,in, The mathematical expression for can be written as the following formula:

[0053] in, Representation matrix The first line to the second line t Rows and columns 1 to 1 t A square matrix composed of columns. For the corresponding determinant, the subscript t takes the value of .

[0054] Furthermore, it can be determined that If the number is negative, then LQM is considered invalid; otherwise, continue incrementing the index. t ,until .if If the result is true, then LQM is considered valid. Finally, the validity status of LQM calculation is output, and the validity judgment ends.

[0055] It should be noted that, in order to further and fundamentally solve the negative setting problem in CSI measurement and improve throughput and call drop rate performance, negative setting protection can also be activated under preset conditions so that the data in this measurement process can be retained and utilized.

[0056] As one possible implementation, in response to an invalid validity judgment, the initial conditions for activating negative setting protection are determined to be met. After determining that the initial conditions for activating negative setting protection are met, one can choose to activate negative setting protection or discard the data acquired during this measurement process.

[0057] It should also be noted that an invalid validity judgment result is only an initial condition for initiating negative fixed protection. According to a pre-set strategy, after determining that the initial condition for initiating negative fixed protection is met, the system can choose to initiate negative fixed protection or discard the data obtained during this measurement process, thereby improving the personalization and intelligence of the channel state measurement process.

[0058] It should also be noted that, in order to further improve the personalization and intelligence of the channel state measurement process, the default setting for whether negative setting protection is enabled can be preset in this disclosure. For example, negative setting protection can be set to be disabled by default.

[0059] The following describes in detail, with reference to an embodiment, step 201 above, "processing the received signal according to the target processing strategy to obtain a set of target channel estimation results".

[0060] As one possible implementation, such as Figure 5 As shown, the specific steps include: S501. Perform RawCE processing on the signal to obtain the coarse channel estimation result.

[0061] S502. Perform channel parameter CPP processing on the coarse channel estimation results to obtain second-order channel statistical information.

[0062] S503. Perform channel estimation (CEP) processing on the coarse channel estimation results and second-order channel statistics to obtain the target channel estimation result set.

[0063] In this disclosure, the signal (measurement signal) is received from the antenna and converted into a digital intermediate frequency (IF) signal by RF and ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter). It is then converted into a baseband time-domain signal by DFE (Digital Front-End). The DFE selects an appropriate downsampling filter bank based on the measurement bandwidth, and AGC (Automatic Gain Control) adjusts the received amplitude gain to achieve optimal dynamic range and ensure the ADC does not saturate. Before being processed into a frequency-domain signal by FFT (Fast Fourier Transform), the baseband time-domain signal undergoes frequency offset compensation via AFC (Automatic Frequency Control). The frequency offset estimate is derived from FOE (Frequency Offset Estimation), the FFT windowing position is processed by ATC (Automatic Time Control), and the timing estimate is derived from TOE (Time Offset Estimation). The baseband frequency-domain signal after FFT processing is then processed by RawCE to obtain a coarse channel estimation result.

[0064] After obtaining the coarse channel estimation results, channel parameter processing and channel estimation processing can be performed on the coarse channel estimation results to obtain the target channel estimation result set.

[0065] Optionally, the coarse channel estimation results are processed by channel parameters to obtain second-order channel statistics and time-frequency synchronization information. Further, the coarse channel estimation results and second-order channel statistics are processed by channel estimation to obtain a set of target channel estimation results, including fine channel estimation results, noise estimation results, and interference estimation results.

[0066] It should also be noted that in this disclosure, when the target channel estimation result set includes fine channel estimation results, it is also possible to determine whether to output fine channel estimation results and execute the corresponding processing flow based on the determination result.

[0067] Optionally, in response to detecting that the fine channel estimation result output condition is met, the fine channel estimation result of the current measurement process is output so as to obtain the time-frequency synchronization estimation result in the next measurement process based on the next coarse channel estimation result and the fine channel estimation result.

[0068] The following describes in detail, with reference to an embodiment, step 204 above, "obtaining the LQM calculation result based on the equivalent correlation matrix, and obtaining the signal measurement result based on the LQM calculation result".

[0069] One possible implementation is to obtain the target LQM function and then calculate the LQM result based on the target LQM function and the equivalent correlation matrix. The target LQM function can be set according to the actual situation; for example, it can be set as the link quality metric function used in the system application, typically using SNR, MI, or BER metrics.

[0070] For example, the LQM calculation result can be obtained using the following formula:

[0071] in, This is the link quality metric function used in the system application. Indicates rank as Broadband PMI subscript is Sub-band PMI subscript is Frequency domain subscripts are Dimensions The equivalent precoding matrix, The dimension is The effective correlation matrix, To process the target channel estimation result set (e.g., CE, NE, IC) and then... The effective channel estimation matrix, and These represent the number of receive antenna ports for the UE and the number of transmit antenna ports for the BS, respectively.

[0072] Furthermore, after obtaining the LQM calculation results, the CSI reporting values ​​such as RI / PMI / CQI / L1-RSRP (Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power) / L1-SINR (Layer 1 Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio) can be estimated based on the LQM calculation results and reported to the base station.

[0073] To more clearly explain the channel state measurement method proposed in this disclosure, the following will use a possible channel state measurement system as an example, combined with... Figure 6-8 This paper describes the main processing procedures and principles involved in the measurement methods of channel state.

[0074] like Figure 6 As shown, the main processing steps involved in the measurement of channel state are RawCE processing, CPP processing, CEP processing, and CMP processing.

[0075] For RawCE processing, the signal is received from the antenna and converted into a digital intermediate frequency (IF) signal by RF and ADC processing. Then, it is processed by DFE to convert it into a baseband time-domain signal. The DFE selects an appropriate downsampling filter bank based on the measurement bandwidth, and AGC adjusts the receive amplitude gain to achieve optimal dynamic range and ensure the ADC does not saturate. Before being processed into a frequency-domain signal by FFT, the baseband time-domain signal undergoes frequency offset compensation via AFC. The frequency offset estimate comes from FOE, the FFT windowing position is processed by ATC, and the timing estimate comes from TOE. The baseband frequency-domain signal after FFT processing is then processed by RawCE to obtain a coarse channel estimation result.

[0076] For CPP processing, the coarse channel estimation result is processed to obtain second-order channel statistics and time-frequency synchronization information. CPP includes Timing Estimation (TOE), Delay Estimation (DLE), Doppler Estimation (DPE), and Frequency Offset Estimation (FOE). In this case, DLE and DPE output the second-order channel statistics, which are used for subsequent channel estimation filtering. Combining the coarse channel estimation output from RawCE and the fine channel estimation output from post-CE, TOE and FOE output the system time-frequency synchronization estimation results, which are used for time-frequency offset compensation before FFT processing.

[0077] For CEP processing, the coarse channel estimation results and the second-order statistical information of the channel obtained from CPP processing are combined to produce a target channel estimation result set, including fine channel estimation results, noise estimation results, and interference estimation results. CEP includes channel estimation (CE), noise estimation (NE), and interference cancellation (IC) processing. Based on the coarse channel estimation and the second-order statistical information of the channel, CE outputs the fine channel estimate. NE outputs the noise covariance estimate, and IC outputs the interference estimate.

[0078] For CMP processing, the estimation results of CE, NE, and IC outputs are processed by Channel Measurement Processing (CMP) to obtain CSI reporting results, which are then reported to the base station. The CSI reporting results include Rank Indicator (RI), Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), and Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) for CSI acquisition, and Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power (L1-RSRP) and Layer 1 Signal-to-Interference-Ratio (L1-SINR) for beam management.

[0079] In the CSI feedback system, the CSI reporting result is estimated based on the CSI measurement index LQM under the system's PMI codebook and QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Constellation Configuration) table configuration. LQM needs to consider not only the CE, NE, and IC processing results of the entire CSI link, but also the channel demodulation capability of the subsequent PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), as well as the impact of the actual MIMO precoding and MCS transmission configuration. Currently, commonly used LQM measures include: SNR (instantaneous SNR, EESM (Exponential Effective SNR Mapping) or MIESM (MIEffective SNR Mapping), MI (Mutual Information) (MIC (Mean Instantaneous Capacity), RBIR (Received Block Information Rate) or MMIB (Mean MI per Bit), and BER (Bit Error Ratio) (BLER (Block Error Ratio), BER or RawBER).

[0080] like Figure 7 As shown, the system first receives the signal and obtains a coarse channel estimate through RawCE processing. Then, combining the fine channel estimate output by the post-CE, it calculates the Time-Frequency Off-Synchronization Estimate (TOE) and Foreground-Field (FOE), as well as the second-order channel statistics (DLE) and Distributed Path Equivalent (DPE). Next, based on the above results, it performs CE, NE, and IC processing to obtain the fine channel estimate, the covariance matrix of noise and interference, etc., and determines whether it is necessary to output the fine channel estimate for use in the TOE / FOE / DLE / DPE processing of the pre-module. Finally, based on the CE / NE / IC processing results, the correlation matrix is ​​calculated. .

[0081] Furthermore, in the correlation matrix After the calculation and processing are completed, the system proceeds to determine whether negative protection is required. If the determination is negative, the system then determines whether negative protection is required based on the codebook, MCS configuration, and related matrices. To calculate the equivalent correlation matrix :

[0082] If the determination is yes, first check the relevant matrix. Perform diagonal loading, and then proceed to the equivalent correlation matrix. The processing involves determining whether negative setting protection is enabled. The activation condition depends on the subsequent validity assessment of the Level Quality Management (LQM). Negative setting protection is disabled by default. If the LQM calculation result is invalid, the negative setting protection determination condition is set to "yes." If the LQM calculation result is valid, the negative setting protection determination condition is set to "no."

[0083] In this disclosure, Represents the correlation matrix The Line number The real elements in the column, that is, the elements on the diagonal, where . Represents the correlation matrix After diagonal loading is completed, at the... Line number The real elements in the column, of which . Represents diagonal elements The number of bits that need to be shifted right, where , Depend on The fixed-point bit width range is determined. The calculation process for diagonal loading is described as follows: diagonal elements Move right first Then, with the original Add the values ​​together to get And it becomes a new diagonal element. The mathematical expression for diagonal loading can be written as:

[0084] After calculating the equivalent correlation matrix Next, the LQM validity check is performed. If the check is negative, negative setting protection is initiated. If the check is positive, then... and link quality metric function Calculate LQM. Finally, based on LQM, estimate the CSI reporting values ​​such as RI / PMI / CQI / L1-RSRP / L1-SINR, and report them to the base station.

[0085] Among them, such as Figure 8 As shown, when determining the validity of LQM, the equivalent correlation matrix is ​​first input. Then calculate the order principal minors of the corresponding determinant. :

[0086] In the formula, Representation matrix The first line to the second line Rows and 1st column to A square matrix composed of columns. For the corresponding determinant, the subscript The value is Next, determine... If the number is negative, then LQM is considered invalid; otherwise, continue incrementing the index. ,until .if If the result is true, then LQM is considered valid. Finally, the validity status of LQM calculation is output, and the validity judgment ends.

[0087] To more clearly explain the channel state measurement method proposed in this disclosure, the following will be combined with... Figure 9-16 The experiment and its related effects are described.

[0088] by , dimension Correlation matrix For example, the comparative analysis of the diagonal loading processing effect in this disclosure is as follows: the amplitude distribution before and after diagonal loading processing using this method is as follows: Figure 9-10 As shown. Before diagonal loading, the energy distribution is relatively uniform, and the matrix is ​​in a low-rank state, making it very unstable. After diagonal loading, the energy on the main diagonal increases significantly, and the matrix is ​​in a high-rank state, making it relatively more stable. A more extreme case is that there is energy only on the diagonal, while all values ​​on the off-diagonal are 0; in this case, the correlation matrix... It degenerates into a diagonal matrix, at which point the matrix is ​​in a full-rank state and is in a completely stable state.

[0089] Furthermore, the overall performance comparison analysis of the channel state information measurement method is as follows: When the bandwidth is configured to 20MHz, TDLA (Tapped Delay Line A) 30-5 channel (TDLA channel model, Delay Spread is 30ns, maximum Doppler is 5Hz), the UE is configured with 2 receive antenna ports, the BS is configured with 4 / 8 / 12 / 16 / 24 / 32 CSI transmit antenna ports, the BS antenna array model is ULA (Uniform Linear Array) or UPA (Uniform Planar Array), and the BS-UE antenna correlation is medium or high, the performance comparison between the traditional method and the SNR-TPUT proposed in this disclosure is as follows: Figure 11-16 .in, Figure 11-16 Antenna ports of 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, and 32 were configured for CSI measurements. It can be seen that under medium-high SNR conditions (15dB-40dB), the TPUT (Throughput) of the method proposed in this disclosure is improved by 10% to 95% compared to traditional methods. This is because under high dynamic range conditions, negative fixed-point issues cause CSI measurement values ​​to become invalid, leading to incorrect RI / PMI / CQI selection. Figure 11-13 In Figure 16, the traditional method's TPUT suffers a 50% loss under medium-to-high SNR conditions, indicating that the RI selection may be inaccurate. Figure 14-15 In the traditional method, TPUT suffers a loss of about 10% under medium-to-high SNR conditions, indicating that the PMI selection may be inaccurate.

[0090] in, Figure 11 For SNR-TPUT performance comparison: Legacy_ALG is the traditional method, and New_ALG is the method proposed in this disclosure. The simulation configuration conditions are: bandwidth 20MHz, TDLA30-5 channel, UPA high correlation, 4TX, 2RX.

[0091] Figure 12 For SNR-TPUT performance comparison: Legacy_ALG is the traditional method, and New_ALG is the method proposed in this disclosure. The simulation configuration conditions are: bandwidth 20MHz, TDLA30-5 channel, UPA correlation, 8TX, 2RX.

[0092] Figure 13 For SNR-TPUT performance comparison: Legacy_ALG is the traditional method, and New_ALG is the method proposed in this disclosure. The simulation configuration conditions are: bandwidth 20MHz, TDLA30-5 channels, ULA high correlation, 12TX, 2RX.

[0093] Figure 14 For SNR-TPUT performance comparison: Legacy_ALG is the traditional method, and New_ALG is the method proposed in this disclosure. The simulation configuration conditions are: bandwidth 20MHz, TDLA30-5 channels, ULA high correlation, 16TX, 2RX.

[0094] Figure 15 For SNR-TPUT performance comparison: Legacy_ALG is the traditional method, and New_ALG is the method proposed in this disclosure. The simulation configuration conditions are: bandwidth 20MHz, TDLA30-5 channels, ULA high correlation, 24TX, 2RX.

[0095] Figure 16 For SNR-TPUT performance comparison: Legacy_ALG is the traditional method, and New_ALG is the method proposed in this disclosure. The simulation configuration conditions are: bandwidth 20MHz, TDLA30-5 channel, UPA high correlation, 32TX, 2RX.

[0096] In summary, the channel state measurement method proposed in this disclosure, based on an LQM validity determination scheme using the equivalent correlation matrix, can obtain accurate and reliable LQM calculation results, thus ensuring the validity and accuracy of the measurement results. Furthermore, the channel state measurement method proposed in this disclosure has strong scalability and versatility, supporting antennas and codebooks with different configurations, and boasts advantages such as low complexity and minimal additional area and power consumption overhead. In addition, the channel state measurement method proposed in this disclosure is highly robust and can cope with extreme non-ideal RF scenarios.

[0097] Corresponding to the channel state measurement method provided in the above embodiments, an embodiment of this disclosure also provides a channel state measurement device. Since the channel state measurement device provided in this disclosure corresponds to the channel state measurement method provided in the above embodiments, the implementation of a channel state measurement method is also applicable to the channel state measurement device provided in this embodiment, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0098] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of a channel state measurement device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0099] like Figure 17 As shown, the channel state measurement device 1000 includes: a channel estimation processing unit 110, a matrix acquisition unit 120, a validity judgment unit 130, and a measurement result acquisition unit 140.

[0100] The channel estimation processing unit 110 is used to acquire the target processing strategy and process the received signal according to the target processing strategy to obtain a target channel estimation result set; the matrix acquisition unit 120 is used to acquire the equivalent correlation matrix according to the target channel estimation result set; the validity judgment unit 130 is used to perform link quality metric (LQM) validity judgment according to the equivalent correlation matrix; and the measurement result acquisition unit 140 is used to acquire the LQM calculation result according to the equivalent correlation matrix in response to the valid LQM validity judgment result, and acquire and report the signal measurement result according to the LQM calculation result.

[0101] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the matrix acquisition unit 120 is further configured to: acquire a correlation matrix based on a set of target channel estimation results; acquire a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) codebook and modulation and coding mechanism (MCS) configuration information; and acquire an equivalent correlation matrix based on the correlation matrix, the PMI codebook, and the MCS configuration information.

[0102] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the matrix acquisition unit 120 is further configured to: detect whether negative fixed protection has been activated; in response to detecting that negative fixed protection has been activated, perform diagonal loading processing on the correlation matrix to obtain the processed correlation matrix, and obtain the equivalent correlation matrix based on the processed correlation matrix, the PMI codebook and the MCS configuration information.

[0103] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the matrix acquisition unit 120 is further configured to: acquire a fixed-point bit width range for any diagonal element on the diagonal of the relevant matrix; acquire a target right shift number based on the fixed-point bit width range; and perform shift processing on any diagonal element based on the target right shift number.

[0104] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the validity judgment unit 130 is further configured to: obtain the sequential principal minor of the determinant corresponding to the equivalent correlation matrix, and judge the value of the sequential principal minor of the determinant; in response to the sequential principal minor of the determinant being negative, determine that the validity judgment result is invalid; in response to the sequential principal minor of the determinant being non-negative, obtain the order of the square matrix corresponding to the sequential principal minor of the determinant, and the range of values ​​for the order, and increment the order to the upper limit of the range; in response to the order being the upper limit being true, determine that the validity judgment result is valid.

[0105] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the validity determination unit 130 is further configured to: determine that the initial conditions for starting negative protection are met in response to the validity determination result being invalid.

[0106] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the validity determination unit 130 is further configured to: activate negative protection or discard the data obtained during the current measurement process.

[0107] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the channel estimation processing unit 110 is further configured to: perform RawCE processing on the signal to obtain a coarse channel estimation result; perform CPP processing on the coarse channel estimation result to obtain second-order channel statistics; and perform CEP processing on the coarse channel estimation result and the second-order channel statistics to obtain a target channel estimation result set.

[0108] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the channel estimation processing unit 110 is further configured to: in response to detecting that the fine channel estimation result output condition is met, output the fine channel estimation result in the current measurement process, so as to obtain the time-frequency synchronization estimation result in the next measurement process based on the next coarse channel estimation result and the fine channel estimation result.

[0109] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, a channel state measurement apparatus can obtain a target processing strategy and process the received signal according to the target processing strategy to obtain a target channel estimation result set. Then, based on the target channel estimation result set, an equivalent correlation matrix is ​​obtained, and a link quality metric (LQM) validity judgment is performed based on the equivalent correlation matrix. Further, in response to the LQM validity judgment result being valid, an LQM calculation result is obtained based on the equivalent correlation matrix, and a signal measurement result is obtained and reported based on the LQM calculation result. Thus, this disclosure, based on an LQM validity determination scheme based on the equivalent correlation matrix, can obtain valid and reliable LQM calculation results, thereby ensuring the validity, accuracy, and precision of the measurement results obtained based on the LQM calculation results.

[0110] According to embodiments of this disclosure, this disclosure also provides an electronic device 4000, such as... Figure 18 As shown, it includes a memory 400, a processor 500, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the aforementioned method for measuring channel state.

[0111] According to embodiments of this disclosure, a processor-readable storage medium is also provided. This processor-readable storage medium stores a computer program that causes the processor to perform the aforementioned channel state measurement method.

[0112] The processor-readable storage medium can be any available medium or data storage device that the processor can access, including but not limited to magnetic memory (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, magneto-optical disk (MO)), optical memory (e.g., CD, DVD, BD, HVD), and semiconductor memory (e.g., ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, non-volatile memory (NAND FLASH), solid-state drive (SSD)).

[0113] According to embodiments of this disclosure, a computer program product is also provided. This computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the aforementioned channel state measurement method.

[0114] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to rearrange, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this disclosure can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0115] The specific embodiments described herein do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for measuring channel state, characterized in that, include: Obtain the target processing strategy, and process the received signal according to the target processing strategy to obtain a set of target channel estimation results; Based on the target channel estimation result set, obtain the equivalent correlation matrix; The effectiveness of the Link Quality Metric (LQM) is determined based on the equivalent correlation matrix. If the LQM validity judgment result is valid, the LQM calculation result is obtained according to the equivalent correlation matrix, and the measurement result of the signal is obtained and reported according to the LQM calculation result.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the equivalent correlation matrix based on the target channel estimation result set includes: Based on the target channel estimation result set, obtain the correlation matrix; Obtain the precoding matrix indicator (PMI) codebook and the modulation and coding mechanism (MCS) configuration information, and obtain the equivalent correlation matrix based on the correlation matrix, the PMI codebook, and the MCS configuration information.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, After obtaining the correlation matrix based on the target channel estimation result set, the process further includes: Check whether the negative setting protection has been activated; In response to the detection that negative fixed protection has been activated, the correlation matrix is ​​diagonally loaded to obtain the processed correlation matrix, and the equivalent correlation matrix is ​​obtained based on the processed correlation matrix, the PMI codebook, and the MCS configuration information.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The diagonal loading process for the correlation matrix includes: For any diagonal element on the diagonal of the relevant matrix, obtain the fixed-point bit width range of that diagonal element. Based on the fixed-point bit width range, obtain the target right shift number, and based on the target right shift number, perform shift processing on any of the diagonal elements.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the effectiveness of the Link Quality Metric (LQM) based on the equivalent correlation matrix includes: Obtain the principal minors of the determinant corresponding to the equivalent correlation matrix, and determine the values ​​of the principal minors of the determinant. If the principal minor of the determinant is negative, the validity judgment result is determined to be invalid. In response to the non-negative sequential principal minor of the determinant, the order of the square matrix corresponding to the sequential principal minor of the determinant and the range of values ​​for the order are obtained, and the order is incremented to the upper limit of the range. In response to the order being the upper limit, the validity judgment result is determined to be valid.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the validity determination result is invalid, it is determined that the initial conditions for starting negative protection are met.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, After determining that the initial conditions for starting the negative setting protection are met, the process also includes: Activate negative set protection or discard the data acquired during this measurement process.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of processing the received signal according to the target processing strategy to obtain a target channel estimation result set includes: The signal is processed by RawCE (Raw Channel Estimation) to obtain coarse channel estimation results. The coarse channel estimation results are processed by channel parameter CPP to obtain second-order channel statistics. The coarse channel estimation results and the second-order channel statistics are subjected to channel estimation CEP processing to obtain the target channel estimation result set.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target channel estimation result set includes fine channel estimation results, and the method further includes: In response to the detection that the fine channel estimation result output condition is met, the fine channel estimation result of the current measurement process is output so that the time-frequency synchronization estimation result can be obtained in the next measurement process based on the next coarse channel estimation result and the fine channel estimation result.

10. A channel state measurement device, characterized in that, include: The channel estimation processing unit is used to acquire the target processing strategy and process the received signal according to the target processing strategy to obtain the target channel estimation result set. The matrix acquisition unit is used to acquire the equivalent correlation matrix based on the target channel estimation result set; The validity judgment unit is used to judge the validity of the Link Quality Metric (LQM) based on the equivalent correlation matrix. The measurement result acquisition unit is used to, in response to the valid LQM validity judgment result, acquire the LQM calculation result based on the equivalent correlation matrix, and acquire and report the measurement result of the signal based on the LQM calculation result.

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