Naked eye 3D virtual reality display system and method

Abstract

This invention specifically relates to a naked-eye 3D virtual reality display system and method, encompassing the fields of naked-eye 3D display and virtual reality technology. It includes: a test pattern generation module; a photoelectric signal acquisition module; a signal phase analysis module; and a rendering parameter compensation module. This invention abandons the traditional external camera acquisition scheme, instead attaching a photosensitive sensor to the inside of the display module's glass cover using optical adhesive. A matching light-shielding film and frame wrapping design effectively isolate external ambient light, eliminating signal distortion caused by ambient light reflection from a hardware structure perspective. Simultaneously, the preprocessing circuit is integrated with the sensor at zero distance, effectively filtering out power frequency and high-frequency noise through an adjustable gain transimpedance amplifier bandpass filter, and a sinusoidal grayscale stripe design reduces spectral aliasing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of naked-eye 3D display and virtual reality technology, and in particular to naked-eye 3D virtual reality display systems and methods. Background Technology

[0002] Naked-eye 3D technology uses physical gratings (lenses or cylindrical lenses) to separate parallax in the displayed image, providing users with a stereoscopic visual experience without the need for special equipment. It is widely used in virtual reality displays, commercial displays, consumer electronics and other scenarios.

[0003] However, existing naked-eye 3D virtual reality display systems still face many technical bottlenecks: Severe ambient light interference means that traditional systems often use external cameras to collect the relative position information of the grating and the image. The reflection and illumination of external ambient light can easily cause the collected signal to be distorted, affecting the accuracy of distortion correction. The real-time performance of the correction is insufficient. The relative displacement between the grating and the screen, and the changes in the grating pitch due to thermal expansion and contraction, are difficult to achieve millisecond-level response through traditional open-loop correction methods, which can easily lead to problems such as image misalignment and stretching. The hardware structure is complex and costly, requiring additional dedicated image acquisition modules and high-performance DSP chips to process image data, which not only increases the system size but also raises hardware costs and power consumption.

[0004] Therefore, a naked-eye 3D virtual reality display system with simplified structure, strong anti-interference ability, high real-time performance and excellent correction accuracy is proposed to meet the stringent requirements of virtual reality scenarios for immersive stereoscopic display. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a naked-eye 3D virtual reality display system and method to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A glasses-free 3D virtual reality display system, including: The test pattern generation module is configured to generate sinusoidal grayscale beat frequency fringes that differ from the physical grating period in the non-effective display area, and to generate a time-domain sinusoidal optical excitation signal through controllable microstep translation; The photoelectric signal acquisition module is configured to use a single-point / linear array photosensitive sensor and a preprocessing circuit attached inside the display module to convert the intensity change of the beat frequency stripe light transmitted through the grating into a one-dimensional sinusoidal voltage signal that is resistant to ambient light interference. The signal phase analysis module is configured to extract the phase change of the voltage signal and calculate the micro-displacement and grating pitch change. The rendering parameter compensation module is configured to adjust vertex shader or pixel sampling parameters in real time through a general 3D rendering interface based on micro-displacement and pitch changes, thereby achieving dynamic correction of geometric distortion in the displayed image.

[0007] Preferably, the test pattern generation module specifically includes: The hardware uses an integrated driver IC for the display panel; Normal operating state: Deployed in the non-effective display area of ​​the monitor; Power-on calibration status: Occupies the full-screen area, automatically switches to normal display mode after calibration is complete; The logic for generating beat frequency test stripes: It employs alternating black and white sinusoidal grayscale stripes; the nominal period of the physical grating is pre-calibrated. ; Set the physical period of pixel stripes Satisfying the formula , The coefficient of variation; Calculate the display period of the pixel stripes based on the physical size of the panel pixels; Timing control of microstep translation: The translation step size is set to The physical period of each pixel stripe corresponds to a physical displacement of... ; Each microstep translation results in a total translation distance of 2× This ensures that at least two complete signal cycles are acquired. During the microstep translation process, the relative position of the test stripes and the physical grating continuously changes, eventually forming a light intensity distribution that varies sinusoidally over time.

[0008] Preferably, the difference coefficient The process for obtaining the value range of is as follows: Sure Upper limit: Based on the principle of optical convolution, the effective aperture width of the sensor... Less than Moiré macro cycle ; The preset safety factor; According to the Mohr's periodicity formula , can be obtained ; The upper limit is , ; Sure The lower limit: Assume the maximum allowable calibration time of the system is ; Let the electronic scanning speed of the test pattern be... ; exist The distance the pattern moves within a time period ; Require At least include After completing one complete moiré cycle, we obtain: ; Right now: ; The lower limit is , ; The range of values ​​for is [ , ].

[0009] Preferably, the photoelectric signal acquisition module specifically includes: Hardware components: Single-point photodiode: It is attached to the inside of the glass cover with optical adhesive, facing the test pattern generation area; the sensor surface is covered with a light-shielding film, allowing only the incident light of the test stripes to pass through; Linear photosensitive array: arranged along the macroscopic periodic direction of the moiré pattern; Signal preprocessing circuit: integrated on the sensor PCB board, connected to the sensor at zero distance.

[0010] Preferably, the method further includes: The sensor outputs a one-dimensional voltage signal that satisfies the light intensity-voltage conversion relationship. It satisfies the following deterministic formula: ; This is the DC bias voltage; The signal amplitude; The beat frequency signal frequency; This is the initial phase.

[0011] Preferably, the signal phase analysis module specifically includes: The signal processing hardware uses an ADC converter and a main control MCU; Deterministic signal processing flow: Analog-to-digital conversion: The sampling trigger condition is synchronized with the microstep translation timing of the test stripes, and sampling is triggered once for each translation step; the sampled data is preprocessed by eliminating random noise through mean filtering, and the average value of continuous data from a single sampling is obtained; Frequency domain transformation and feature extraction: The transformation algorithm adopts radix-2 fast Fourier transform; The phase extraction method obtains the real part corresponding to the fundamental frequency through FFT. With the imaginary part And calculate the phase value. ; Set signal amplitude threshold , < If the light path is blocked, an alarm signal will be output, indicating a sensor malfunction or light path obstruction.

[0012] Preferably, the method further includes calculation of micro-displacement and pitch change: Micro-displacement calculation: phase change With physical displacement The relationship is linear, as derived below: According to the beat frequency principle, the macroscopic period of molar ripples; Phase change With moiré displacement The relationship is ; Since moiré displacement is an amplification of physical grating displacement, ; The formula for calculating the final displacement can be obtained by combining the following steps: ; Calculation of grating pitch variation: When the distance between the grating and the screen changes due to thermal expansion and contraction, the projected pitch of the grating... It will become This leads to a higher beat frequency. Drift is ; Calculate the pitch change using the frequency ratio: .

[0013] Preferably, the rendering parameter compensation module specifically includes: Center alignment correction: Physical displacement Corresponding pixel offset The calculation formula is: , The physical pixel size of the display panel; Pitch scaling correction: Grating pitch variation Corresponding sampling step size adjustment coefficient The calculation formula is: .

[0014] Methods for displaying naked-eye 3D virtual reality include: A dynamic optical excitation source is constructed based on the display panel driver IC. A sinusoidal grayscale beat frequency stripe adapted to the grating period is generated in a preset area and controllable micro-step translation is achieved to output a stable timing light signal. The light intensity change is captured by the photosensitive sensor embedded in the module and converted into a one-dimensional sinusoidal voltage signal that is resistant to ambient light interference by the preprocessing circuit. The phase features of the signal are extracted by synchronous sampling with ADC and frequency domain transformation with FFT, and the micro-displacement and pitch change of the grating are calculated by combining optical geometric formulas. Based on the solved parameters, the rendering parameters are adjusted in real time through a general 3D rendering interface to dynamically correct image geometric distortion.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention abandons the traditional external camera acquisition scheme and attaches the photosensitive sensor to the inside of the glass cover of the display module with optical adhesive. With the matching light-shielding film and frame wrapping design, it can isolate external ambient light and eliminate signal distortion caused by ambient light reflection from the hardware structure. At the same time, the preprocessing circuit is integrated with the sensor at zero distance. Through the adjustable gain transimpedance amplifier bandpass filter, it effectively filters out power frequency and high frequency noise. The sinusoidal grayscale stripe design reduces spectral aliasing.

[0016] 2. This invention employs a frequency domain analysis algorithm combined with deterministic optical geometry formulas to accurately capture thermal expansion and contraction and displacement changes; it can quickly adjust rendering parameters to offset distortion, ensuring that naked-eye 3D displays are free from misalignment and stretching; in terms of hardware, it reuses the display panel integrated driver IC, paired with a low-cost MCU and a general-purpose ADC, eliminating the need for dedicated DSP chips and image acquisition modules, simplifying the structure while reducing power consumption and production costs, and making it easy to integrate into various naked-eye 3D virtual reality devices in batches. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Further details, features, and advantages of this application are disclosed in the following description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a system structure diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Several embodiments of this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings to enable those skilled in the art to implement this application. This application may be embodied in many different forms and for various purposes and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. These embodiments are provided to make this application thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of this application to those skilled in the art. The embodiments described do not limit this application.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. It will be further understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries shall be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the relevant field and / or the context of this specification, and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly defined herein.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] Its specific implementation method is combined with the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 Please provide a detailed explanation.

[0022] Appendix Figure 1 The diagram below shows the structure of a naked-eye 3D virtual reality display system provided in this embodiment of the invention. It illustrates the connection between the test pattern generation module and the rendering parameter compensation module, and marks the main functional interaction flow of each module.

[0023] Appendix Figure 2 The flowchart of the naked-eye 3D virtual reality display method provided in the embodiments of the present invention illustrates the complete steps from constructing a dynamic optical excitation source to dynamically correcting image geometric distortion.

[0024] In this embodiment, it includes: The test pattern generation module is configured to generate sinusoidal grayscale beat frequency stripes with slight differences from the physical grating period in the non-effective display area based on the display panel driver IC, and generate a time-domain sinusoidal optical excitation signal through controllable microstep translation; Specifically, it includes: The core hardware uses integrated driver ICs for display panels (LCD / OLED) (such as general-purpose display driver chips like SSD2828 and SSD1306), supporting pixel-level grayscale control and timing programmability; Deployment Area: Normal working state: Deployed in the non-effective display area of ​​the monitor, specifically the 8-16 rows of pixels reserved at the top and bottom edges of the LCD / OLED panel (this area is completely covered by the bezel and does not affect the user's visual experience). Power-on calibration status: Can temporarily occupy the full-screen area, and will automatically switch to normal display mode after calibration is complete; Control Interface: The driver IC communicates with the main control MCU via the SPI / I2C bus. The MCU can send commands to control the pixel grayscale output of the specified area without modifying the original display driver logic of the panel. The logic for generating beat frequency test stripes: Stripe type: Alternating black and white sinusoidal gray stripes (instead of rectangular stripes) are used to reduce high-frequency harmonic components and avoid spectral aliasing during subsequent signal processing; Periodic matching rules: Pre-calibrate the nominal period of the physical grating (lens). (Unit: μm); Set the physical period of pixel stripes Satisfying the formula , The coefficient of variation; Pixel stripe display cycle conversion: based on the physical pixel size of the panel. Calculate the display period of pixel stripes That is, the number of pixels contained in each stripe period; Timing control of microstep translation: The translation step size is set to The physical period of (preferably 0.1) pixel stripes corresponds to a physical displacement of (0.1×) ,For example When the value is 50.5 μm, the step size is 5.05 μm to ensure the continuity of displacement changes; The translation timing is controlled by the MCU-driven IC, completing one micro-step translation every 1ms. The translation direction can be switched as needed (horizontal left / right shift); the total translation distance for a single calibration is 2× ( (For the macroscopic period of molar ripples), ensuring that at least two complete signal cycles are acquired; During the microstep translation process, the relative position of the test stripes and the physical grating changes continuously, eventually forming a light intensity distribution that varies sinusoidally over time, providing a stable excitation source for subsequent photoelectric acquisition.

[0025] Coefficient of difference The process for obtaining the value range of is as follows: Basis for value selection: If the value is too small, it will result in an excessively long macroscopic period of moiré ripple and low signal sampling efficiency; Excessive magnification weakens the amplification effect, making it impossible to detect micro-displacement.

[0026] Quantitative analysis of detection sensitivity / signal-to-noise ratio (SNR): The sensitivity here is primarily limited in physical implementation by the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the sensor.

[0027] Simply put, if the moiré stripes are too fine ( If the aperture of the sensor is too large, it will cover both bright and dark fringes at the same time, causing the peak-to-trough difference (contrast) of the output signal to drop sharply, and the signal will be overwhelmed by noise.

[0028] Sure Upper limit: Objective: To maximize the amplitude of the sine wave output by the sensor; Based on the principle of optical convolution, the effective aperture width of the sensor... Must be smaller than Moiré macro cycle ; The preset safety factor is usually set to 3 to 5 to ensure a modulation accuracy of over 80%. According to the Mohr's periodicity formula , can be obtained ; The upper limit is , ; This is the maximum allowed to ensure clear visibility. Value. If this value is exceeded, the signal contrast will be too low, causing the measurement to fail.

[0029] Quantitative analysis of sampling efficiency and field of view limitation: Efficiency here refers to completing the calibration within a limited time.

[0030] To accurately calculate the phase (FFT analysis), we need to acquire at least one complete 2π-cycle signal. If the moiré ripple period is too large ( If the size is too small, a very long physical distance needs to be scanned, which takes a very long time.

[0031] Sure The lower limit: Assume the maximum allowable calibration time of the system is ; Let the electronic scanning speed of the test pattern be... (Limited by the screen refresh rate, it is a fixed value); exist The distance the pattern moves within a time period ; Require At least include A complete moiré cycle ( ≥1, recommended value is 1.5 to eliminate truncation error), resulting in: ; Right now: ; The lower limit is , ; This is the minimum required to ensure fast measurement. This value is crucial. If the value is less than this, the calibration time will expire, or the acquired waveform will be less than one cycle, making it impossible to calculate the phase.

[0032] The range of values ​​for is [ , ]; This is the minimum speed requirement; It represents the upper limit of quality requirements.

[0033] The photoelectric signal acquisition module is configured to use a single-point / linear array photosensitive sensor and preprocessing circuit attached inside the display module to convert the intensity change of the beat frequency stripe light transmitted through the grating into a one-dimensional sinusoidal voltage signal that is resistant to ambient light interference, thus eliminating the need for complex image acquisition hardware. Specifically, it includes: Hardware components: Selection criteria for single-point photodiodes: response wavelength: 400~700nm, matching the visible light emission spectrum of LCD / OLED; Response time: ≤1μs, meeting the requirements for high-frequency signal acquisition; Dark current: ≤1nA, reducing DC bias noise.

[0034] Deployment details: The sensor is attached to the inside of the glass cover with optical adhesive, facing the test pattern generation area; the sensor surface is covered with a light-shielding film, allowing only incident light from the test stripes to pass through; Linear array photosensitive sensor (optional upgrade) selection criteria: number of pixels: 16 / 32 pixels; pixel pitch: matching the test stripe period.

[0035] Deployment details: Arranged along the macroscopic periodic direction of the moiré pattern, it can simultaneously collect signals from multiple locations and reduce random noise through signal averaging.

[0036] Signal preprocessing circuit selection criteria: Transimpedance amplifier: Converts the photocurrent of a photodiode into a voltage signal; the gain is adjustable. Bandpass filter: bandwidth 10~100kHz, filters out 50Hz power frequency interference and high frequency noise.

[0037] Deployment details: Integrated on the sensor PCB board, it connects directly to the sensor, reducing signal transmission loss.

[0038] Signal acquisition and feature extraction: The sensor outputs a one-dimensional voltage signal that satisfies the light intensity-voltage conversion relationship. It satisfies the following deterministic formula: ; This is the DC bias voltage (determined by the sensor dark current and amplifier baseline, which can be eliminated through calibration). The signal amplitude (positively correlated with the contrast of the test stripes and the sensor sensitivity). The beat frequency signal frequency (derived from the microstep translation speed) With Moiré macroeconomic cycles Decide, ); The initial phase (determined by the initial relative position of the test stripe and the grating); Ambient light anti-interference principle: The sensor is completely embedded inside the display module and is wrapped by the frame, light shielding film and glass cover, so external ambient light cannot enter; compared with the traditional camera acquisition solution, it solves the signal distortion problem caused by ambient light reflection.

[0039] The signal phase analysis module is configured to extract the phase change of the voltage signal through synchronous sampling by ADC and radix-2 FFT frequency domain transformation, and calculate the micro-displacement and grating pitch change based on deterministic optical geometric formulas. Specifically, it includes: The signal processing hardware uses an ADC converter and a main control MCU; ADC converter: Select a general-purpose ADC with 12-bit resolution and a sampling rate of ≥200Hz (such as ADS1115) that satisfies the Nyquist sampling theorem (sampling rate ≥2 times the highest frequency of the signal); the ADC communicates with the MCU via the I2C bus, and the sampled data is directly stored in the MCU buffer.

[0040] Main control MCU: Uses a low-cost MCU (such as STM32F103C8T6) to complete all calculations without the need for a GPU or dedicated DSP chip.

[0041] Deterministic signal processing flow: Analog-to-digital conversion (ADC sampling): The sampling trigger condition is synchronized with the timing of the micro-step translation of the test stripes, and sampling is triggered once for each translation step; the sampled data is preprocessed, and random noise is eliminated by mean filtering, and the average value of 10 consecutive data is taken for each sample; Frequency domain transformation and feature extraction: The transformation algorithm adopts radix-2 Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), with 256 operation points; the MCU's built-in FFT library can complete one operation within 1ms, meeting real-time requirements; the phase extraction method obtains the real part corresponding to the fundamental frequency through FFT. With the imaginary part And calculate the phase value. Phase value formula: ; Abnormal signal handling: Setting signal amplitude thresholds , < If the light path is blocked, an alarm signal will be output, indicating a sensor malfunction or light path obstruction.

[0042] It also includes calculations of micro-displacement and pitch changes: Micro-displacement calculation: phase change With physical displacement The relationship is strictly linear, and the formula is derived as follows: According to the beat frequency principle, the macroscopic period of molar ripples is... ; Phase change With moiré displacement The relationship is ; Since moiré displacement is an amplification of physical grating displacement, ; The formula for calculating the final displacement can be obtained by combining the following steps: ; Calculation of grating pitch variation: When the distance (Gap) between the grating and the screen changes due to thermal expansion and contraction, the projected pitch of the grating changes. It will become This leads to a higher beat frequency. Drift is ; Calculate the pitch change using the frequency ratio: ,because By leveraging the linear relationship between beat frequency drift and grating pitch change, the proportional relationship between the new pitch and the original pitch is derived. Substitute it into In the middle, we get: ; The rendering parameter compensation module is configured to adjust vertex shader or pixel sampling parameters in real time through a general 3D rendering interface based on micro-displacement and pitch change, so as to achieve dynamic correction of geometric distortion of the displayed image with millisecond-level closed-loop control. Specifically, it includes: Interface adaptation with 3D rendering engines: Mainstream engine interfaces: Supports common 3D rendering interfaces such as OpenGLES, DirectX, and Vulkan. Compensation is achieved by modifying vertex shader constant buffers or pixel sampling parameters without modifying the underlying engine code.

[0043] Communication protocol: The MCU sends the compensation parameters to the rendering chip of the display terminal in real time through the auxiliary channel of HDMI2.1 or DP1.4.

[0044] Deterministic compensation logic: Center alignment correction (displacement compensation): Parameter mapping relationship: physical displacement Corresponding pixel offset The calculation formula is: , The physical pixel size of the display panel; Specific steps: Modify the starting offset of the rendering engine's image interleaving algorithm. For example, if a raster shift of 5μm to the right is detected, reduce the starting offset of the rendering engine's image interleaving algorithm by 0.1 (corresponding to a pixel shift of 0.1 units to the left) to offset the image shift caused by the raster displacement.

[0045] Pitch scaling correction (Gap compensation): Parameter mapping relationship: Grating pitch change Corresponding sampling step size adjustment coefficient The calculation formula is: ; Specific steps: Modify the pixel sampling interval of the rendering engine.

[0046] For example, if the grating pitch increases by 2% due to thermal expansion, the pixel sampling interval will be increased by 2% to adjust the sampling step size and avoid image stretching or misalignment in the edge view area.

[0047] The complete cycle of acquisition, calculation, compensation, and reacquisition is ≤10ms, meeting the real-time correction requirements above 30Hz. When the phase change When the value is ≤0.01π, the image is considered aligned and the compensation operation is paused; when the phase change is detected to exceed the threshold, the closed-loop calibration is automatically restarted.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] Please see Figure 2 The naked-eye 3D virtual reality display method includes the following parts: A dynamic optical excitation source is constructed based on the display panel driver IC. A sinusoidal grayscale beat frequency stripe adapted to the grating period is generated in a preset area and controllable micro-step translation is achieved to output a stable timing light signal. The module uses a built-in photosensitive sensor to capture changes in light intensity, which are then converted into a one-dimensional sinusoidal voltage signal that is resistant to ambient light interference by a preprocessing circuit, thus simplifying the signal acquisition link. The signal phase features are extracted by synchronous sampling with ADC and frequency domain transformation with FFT. The micro-displacement of the grating and the pitch change are calculated by combining optical geometric formulas to complete signal analysis and parameter solution. Based on the solved parameters, the rendering parameters are adjusted in real time through a general 3D rendering interface, and the image geometric distortion is dynamically corrected with millisecond-level closed-loop control to ensure the display effect.

[0050] The above formulas are all dimensionless calculations. The formulas are derived from software simulations based on a large amount of collected data to obtain the most recent real-world results. The preset parameters in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0051] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

[0052] It should be noted that, in this document, the use of relational terms such as "first" and "second" is merely for distinguishing one entity or operation from another, and does not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0053] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0054] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0055] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0056] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0057] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0058] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0059] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A naked-eye 3D virtual reality display system, characterized in that, include: The test pattern generation module is configured to generate sinusoidal grayscale beat frequency fringes that differ from the physical grating period in the non-effective display area, and to generate a time-domain sinusoidal optical excitation signal through controllable microstep translation; The photoelectric signal acquisition module is configured to use a single-point / linear array photosensitive sensor and a preprocessing circuit attached inside the display module to convert the intensity change of the beat frequency stripe light transmitted through the grating into a one-dimensional sinusoidal voltage signal that is resistant to ambient light interference. The signal phase analysis module is configured to extract the phase change of the voltage signal and calculate the micro-displacement and grating pitch change. The rendering parameter compensation module is configured to adjust vertex shader or pixel sampling parameters in real time through a general 3D rendering interface based on micro-displacement and pitch changes, thereby achieving dynamic correction of geometric distortion in the displayed image.

2. The naked-eye 3D virtual reality display system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test pattern generation module specifically includes: The hardware uses an integrated driver IC for the display panel; Normal operating state: Deployed in the non-effective display area of ​​the monitor; Power-on calibration status: Occupies the full-screen area, automatically switches to normal display mode after calibration is complete; The logic for generating beat frequency test stripes: It employs alternating black and white sinusoidal grayscale stripes; the nominal period of the physical grating is pre-calibrated. ; Set the physical period of pixel stripes Satisfying the formula , The coefficient of variation; Calculate the display period of the pixel stripes based on the physical size of the panel pixels; Timing control of microstep translation: The translation step size is set to The physical period of each pixel stripe corresponds to a physical displacement of... ; Each microstep translation results in a total translation distance of 2× This ensures that at least two complete signal cycles are acquired. During the microstep translation process, the relative position of the test stripes and the physical grating continuously changes, eventually forming a light intensity distribution that varies sinusoidally over time.

3. The naked-eye 3D virtual reality display system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Coefficient of difference The process for obtaining the value range of is as follows: Sure Upper limit: Based on the principle of optical convolution, the effective aperture width of the sensor... Less than Moiré macro cycle ; The preset safety factor; According to the Mohr's periodicity formula , can be obtained ; The upper limit is , ; Sure The lower limit: Assume the maximum allowable calibration time of the system is ; Let the electronic scanning speed of the test pattern be... ; exist The distance the pattern moves within a time period ; Require At least include After completing one complete moiré cycle, we obtain: ; Right now: ; The lower limit is , ; The range of values ​​for is [ , ].

4. The naked-eye 3D virtual reality display system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photoelectric signal acquisition module specifically includes: Hardware components: Single-point photodiode: It is attached to the inside of the glass cover with optical adhesive, facing the test pattern generation area; the sensor surface is covered with a light-shielding film, allowing only the incident light of the test stripes to pass through; Linear photosensitive array: arranged along the macroscopic periodic direction of the moiré pattern; Signal preprocessing circuit: integrated on the sensor PCB board, connected to the sensor at zero distance.

5. The naked-eye 3D virtual reality display system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The sensor outputs a one-dimensional voltage signal that satisfies the light intensity-voltage conversion relationship. It satisfies the following deterministic formula: ; This is the DC bias voltage; The signal amplitude; The beat frequency signal frequency; This is the initial phase.

6. The naked-eye 3D virtual reality display system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal phase analysis module specifically includes: The signal processing hardware uses an ADC converter and a main control MCU; Deterministic signal processing flow: Analog-to-digital conversion: The sampling trigger condition is synchronized with the microstep translation timing of the test stripes, and sampling is triggered once for each translation step; the sampled data is preprocessed by eliminating random noise through mean filtering, and the average value of continuous data from a single sampling is obtained; Frequency domain transformation and feature extraction: The transformation algorithm adopts radix-2 fast Fourier transform; The phase extraction method obtains the real part corresponding to the fundamental frequency through FFT. With the imaginary part And calculate the phase value. ; Set signal amplitude threshold , < If the light path is blocked, an alarm signal will be output, indicating a sensor malfunction or light path obstruction.

7. The naked-eye 3D virtual reality display system according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes calculations of micro-displacement and pitch changes: Micro-displacement calculation: phase change With physical displacement The relationship is linear, as derived below: According to the beat frequency principle, the macroscopic period of molar ripples; Phase change With moiré displacement The relationship is ; Since moiré displacement is an amplification of physical grating displacement, ; The formula for calculating the final displacement can be obtained by combining the following steps: ; Calculation of grating pitch variation: When the distance between the grating and the screen changes due to thermal expansion and contraction, the projected pitch of the grating... It will become This leads to a higher beat frequency. Drift is ; Calculate the pitch change using the frequency ratio: .

8. The naked-eye 3D virtual reality display system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rendering parameter compensation module specifically includes: Center alignment correction: Physical displacement Corresponding pixel offset The calculation formula is: , The physical pixel size of the display panel; Pitch scaling correction: Grating pitch variation Corresponding sampling step size adjustment coefficient The calculation formula is: .

9. A glasses-free 3D virtual reality display method, and a glasses-free 3D virtual reality display system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: A dynamic optical excitation source is constructed based on the display panel driver IC. A sinusoidal grayscale beat frequency stripe adapted to the grating period is generated in a preset area and controllable micro-step translation is achieved to output a stable timing light signal. The light intensity change is captured by the photosensitive sensor embedded in the module and converted into a one-dimensional sinusoidal voltage signal that is resistant to ambient light interference by the preprocessing circuit. The phase features of the signal are extracted by synchronous sampling with ADC and frequency domain transformation with FFT, and the micro-displacement and pitch change of the grating are calculated by combining optical geometric formulas. Based on the solved parameters, the rendering parameters are adjusted in real time through a general 3D rendering interface to dynamically correct image geometric distortion.

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