An Android-based smart television multi-system device and control method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of display devices and device control technology, specifically to a multi-system device and control method for an Android-based smart TV. The device includes a TV and multiple brand remote controls. The remote controls send differentiated infrared signals. The TV identifies the signals and sets environment variables through the infrared wake-up layer of the U-Boot startup layer. The main system layer starts the corresponding system based on these variables, and the application runtime layer responds to the operation. The U-Boot startup layer integrates a simplified KNN model to achieve low-power, accurate wake-up. The main system layer uses namespaces, cgroups v2, OverlayFS, etc., to achieve multi-system isolation and resource scheduling, supporting system switching and saving state. Data is isolated between systems and a cross-system exchange area is provided, with security enhanced through SELinux. The control method of this invention triggers system startup and switching via remote control infrared signals, improving the multi-scenario adaptability and user experience of smart TVs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of display devices and device control technology, and in particular to a multi-system device and control method for an Android-based smart TV. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of smart TV technology, its functions have become increasingly rich, making it a core terminal device for various scenarios such as home entertainment, office work and study, and intelligent control. However, most existing smart TVs only support a single operating system, making it difficult to meet the differentiated needs of different users or the same user in different scenarios. For example, home users may need an Android system for movie and entertainment, a customized system for children's education, and a simplified system for the elderly; in business scenarios, the TV needs to switch to the office system for meetings and presentations, while retaining the data privacy of the personal entertainment system. Under a single system, users need to frequently install and uninstall applications or switch accounts, which is cumbersome and can easily lead to data confusion and privacy leaks.

[0003] Existing multi-system solutions have several limitations: some solutions achieve multi-system operation through virtual machines, but this results in high resource consumption and large response latency, affecting the smoothness of TV playback; others use system partition switching, lacking a robust isolation mechanism, making them prone to data leaks and resource contention; moreover, most solutions have poor remote control compatibility, only supporting the original manufacturer's remote control to wake up specific systems, failing to adapt to the differentiated infrared protocols of multiple brands of remote controls, increasing user costs. Furthermore, existing solutions involve complex system switching processes, with inadequate state saving and recovery mechanisms, making data loss likely; security protection is insufficient, lacking effective access control and data isolation between multiple systems, posing a risk of malicious applications accessing across systems. Meanwhile, traditional infrared wake-up technology is susceptible to environmental noise interference, has low wake-up accuracy, and consumes a lot of power in deep sleep mode, failing to meet the energy-saving requirements of smart devices. These problems severely restrict the multi-scenario adaptability and user experience of smart TVs, urgently requiring an efficient, secure, and compatible multi-system solution.

[0004] Therefore, this invention proposes an Android-based smart TV multi-system device and control method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a multi-system device and control method for smart TVs based on Android. This invention can solve the problems of poor single-system adaptability, insufficient isolation of multi-system solutions, low remote control compatibility, cumbersome switching, and security risks in existing smart TVs.

[0006] On the one hand, the technical solution of this invention to solve the technical problem is a multi-system smart TV device based on Android, including a TV and multiple remote controls, as detailed below: The remote control, as the input layer, has different identification standard protocol code values, and any one of the remote controls from different brands can send an infrared signal; The television set includes a U-Boot startup layer, a main system layer, and an application operation layer, and receives infrared signals emitted by the remote control. The U-Boot startup layer receives and identifies the infrared signal emitted by the input layer, and sets the environment variable param according to the infrared signal; The main system layer integrates multiple system applications and starts the corresponding system according to the environment variables set in the U-Boot startup layer. The application runtime layer executes corresponding operations based on the system response and controller operation.

[0007] The U-Boot startup layer is as follows: The U-Boot startup layer includes an infrared wake-up layer. The infrared wake-up layer identifies the infrared signals of different remote controls by capturing the pulse width tolerance distribution, carrier frequency offset, inter-frame interval statistical characteristics, and special patterns of preamble / repetition codes of infrared signals. When the U-Boot startup layer writes the environment variable param, it generates an ECC checksum and stores it synchronously. When the device starts up, it first checks the integrity of param to determine whether there are any occasional errors.

[0008] The infrared wake-up layer is as follows: The infrared wake-up layer integrates a simplified K-Nearest Neighbors model with a feature vector dimension of 6-8. The weights of the simplified K-Nearest Neighbors model are fixed in the read-only data segment of the U-Boot startup layer. The infrared wake-up layer samples ambient infrared noise for less than 100ms during the initial startup of the U-Boot startup layer to establish a baseline noise model, which is used to dynamically adjust the signal-to-noise ratio threshold for signal detection. The infrared wake-up layer adopts a continuous confirmation mechanism. After receiving a suspected wake-up infrared signal, if it continuously captures three signal packets with a feature vector Euclidean distance less than the threshold within 200ms, it is determined to be a valid wake-up. The infrared wake-up layer maintains a low-power listening mode in deep sleep mode. It only activates feature extraction and the simplified K-Nearest Neighbors model when a valid wake-up signal is detected. The infrared wake-up layer performs real-time signal-to-noise ratio calculation and bit error rate estimation on the received infrared signal. If the signal-to-noise ratio is too low or the bit error rate is too high, it is determined to be an invalid signal.

[0009] The main system layer is as follows: The main system layer contains the system kernel layer. Before the init process starts, the system kernel layer creates independent namespaces for each system based on the environment variable param, which is used for complete isolation between processes. The init process is used to initialize the system environment when the main system layer starts. The main system layer includes the application runtime layer, which pre-integrates launchers for different systems. When each system is started, only the corresponding launcher is activated and other launcher entries are hidden. The launcher supports system switching via physical buttons or system settings. When switching, the original system state is saved and the new system state is restored.

[0010] The system kernel layer is as follows: The kernel layer uses cgroups v2 to divide each system into dedicated control groups, setting quotas and scheduling rules for CPU, memory, and I / O resources. The cgroup device controller controls the access permissions of each system to device nodes. Here, cgroups v2 represents the second-generation version of control groups, and I / O refers to input or output. The system kernel layer uses the file service system OverlayFS to build the root file system, the base layer is a read-only general system image, and each system-specific file is stored in the corresponding writable layer. When the system starts, the corresponding writable layer is mounted according to the environment variable param. The system kernel layer divides the data directory / data partition into multiple logical volumes through Logical Volume Management (LVM) or the integrity verification mechanism dm-verity. When the system starts, only the logical volume corresponding to the system is mounted for physical isolation of user data.

[0011] The application runtime layer is as follows: The application runtime layer enforces application sandbox access control through SELinux or AppArmor policies, restricting each system application to access only corresponding types of files and resources, and redirecting file paths in public paths through the mount -bind command or FUSE.

[0012] Among them, SELinux stands for Security Enhanced Linux system, AppArmor refers to a mandatory access control security mechanism in Linux, the mount -bind command means to create a mount point that binds a directory or part of a file system to another location, and FUSE refers to the userspace file system framework in Linux system.

[0013] Each system's network configuration, Bluetooth pairing information, user accounts, and system settings are stored in their respective data partitions. Network isolation is achieved through network namespaces, and the Bluetooth pairing information of the corresponding system is loaded when switching systems. Each system also includes a cross-system data exchange area partitioned from internal storage. This partition uses FAT32 or exFAT format and is mounted with the nosuid, nodev, and noexec options added to allow only the custom file manager to read and write under explicit user operation. Here, FAT32 means 32-bit binary format, exFAT means extended file allocation table, nosuid means to prohibit the execution of programs with the permissions of the file owner or the file's group in the file system, nodev means to prohibit the interpretation of character or block special device files, and noexec means to prohibit the interpretation of any executable binary files in the file system. Each system has a different boot animation, system theme, default wallpaper, and system sound effects. The front panel of the TV has a dual-color LED indicator to indicate the currently running system.

[0014] The U-Boot startup layer and main system layer are verified through key signature. The environment variable param is stored in a secure area, and the signature or MAC address is verified when writing and reading. The main system layer enables KASLR, SMAP / SMEP and stack protection compilation options. KASLR stands for Kernel Address Space Layout Randomization, SMAP stands for Supervisory Mode Access Protection, and SMEP stands for Supervisory Mode Execution Protection.

[0015] The remote control supports system switching via combination keys or the system settings menu. A progress bar and brand logo are displayed during the switching process. A training dataset is constructed by recording waveforms from a large number of remote control samples under various environmental interferences.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a multi-system control method for a smart TV based on Android, applied to a multi-system smart TV device based on Android, as follows: Choose any remote control from different brands to send an infrared signal. The U-Boot startup layer in the TV responds to the infrared signal from the remote control and wakes up the system. It sets the corresponding environment variables based on the received infrared signal. After the system starts, the main system layer loads the launcher, reads the set environment variables, enters the corresponding system based on the environment variables, and the application runtime layer executes the corresponding operations.

[0017] The effects described in the invention are merely those of the embodiments, and not all the effects of the invention. The above technical solutions have the following advantages or beneficial effects: This invention discloses a multi-system smart TV device and control method based on Android, which can achieve compatibility and precise wake-up of multiple remote controls. It integrates a simplified KNN model through the infrared wake-up layer of the U-Boot startup layer, combined with multi-dimensional feature recognition such as pulse width tolerance distribution and carrier frequency offset, to adapt to the differentiated infrared protocols of different brands of remote controls. Furthermore, it achieves rapid wake-up in less than 100ms through environmental noise sampling to establish a baseline model and a continuous confirmation mechanism, resulting in high wake-up accuracy. Simultaneously, it maintains low-power monitoring during deep sleep, reducing device power consumption. It also enables efficient isolation and resource scheduling of multiple systems. The main system layer achieves process isolation through namespaces, and cgroups v2 precisely allocates CPU, memory, and other resources to avoid resource contention between systems. The root file system built by OverlayFS and LVM... The divided logical volumes achieve physical isolation between system files and user data, ensuring that each system runs independently without interference. Simultaneously, SELinux and AppArmor security mechanisms strengthen application access control, eliminating the risk of privacy leaks and malicious attacks. This invention also enables convenient system switching and status management, supporting multiple switching methods such as remote control key combinations and system settings. During switching, the original system state is automatically saved and the new system state is restored, with progress bars and brand logo prompts providing intuitive and efficient operation. Network configurations and Bluetooth pairing information for each system are stored independently, eliminating the need for reconfiguration after switching and enhancing ease of use. This invention is writable. This invention achieves a balance between cross-system data interaction and security by setting up a dedicated cross-system data exchange area, using FAT32 / exFAT format and adding a secure mounting option. This satisfies users' data sharing needs while preventing data leakage through access restrictions. Simultaneously, security mechanisms such as key signature verification and KASLR ensure the security of environment variables and system operation. This invention boasts strong multi-scenario adaptability, pre-integrating various systems such as entertainment, education, office, and minimalist systems according to user needs. It adapts to different usage scenarios such as home and business, eliminating the need for frequent account switching or application reinstallation, greatly enhancing the practicality and user experience of smart TVs, and has broad market application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the invention will be described in detail below through specific implementation methods and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, an Android-based smart TV multi-system device includes a TV and N remote controls, as detailed below: The remote control, as the input layer, has different identification standard protocol code values, and any one of the remote controls from different brands can send an infrared signal; The television set includes a U-Boot startup layer, a main system layer, and an application operation layer, and receives infrared signals emitted by the remote control. The U-Boot startup layer receives and identifies the infrared signal emitted by the input layer, and sets the environment variable param according to the infrared signal; The main system layer integrates multiple system applications and starts the corresponding system according to the environment variables set in the U-Boot startup layer. The application runtime layer executes corresponding operations based on the system response and controller operation.

[0022] In a specific implementation, the U-Boot startup layer is as follows: The U-Boot startup layer includes an infrared wake-up layer. The infrared wake-up layer identifies the infrared signals of different remote controls by capturing the pulse width tolerance distribution, carrier frequency offset, inter-frame interval statistical characteristics, and special patterns of preamble / repetition codes of infrared signals. When the U-Boot startup layer writes the environment variable param, it generates an ECC checksum and stores it synchronously. When the device starts up, it first checks the integrity of param to determine whether there are any occasional errors.

[0023] In a specific implementation, the infrared wake-up layer is as follows: The infrared wake-up layer integrates a simplified K-Nearest Neighbors model with a feature vector dimension of 6-8. The weights of the simplified K-Nearest Neighbors model are fixed in the read-only data segment of the U-Boot startup layer. The infrared wake-up layer samples ambient infrared noise for less than 100ms during the initial startup of the U-Boot startup layer to establish a baseline noise model, which is used to dynamically adjust the signal-to-noise ratio threshold for signal detection. The infrared wake-up layer adopts a continuous confirmation mechanism. After receiving a suspected wake-up infrared signal, if it continuously captures three signal packets with a feature vector Euclidean distance less than the threshold within 200ms, it is determined to be a valid wake-up. The infrared wake-up layer maintains a low-power listening mode in deep sleep mode. It only activates feature extraction and the simplified K-Nearest Neighbors model when a valid wake-up signal is detected. The infrared wake-up layer performs real-time signal-to-noise ratio calculation and bit error rate estimation on the received infrared signal. If the signal-to-noise ratio is too low or the bit error rate is too high, it is determined to be an invalid signal.

[0024] In a specific implementation, the main system layer is as follows: The main system layer contains the system kernel layer. Before the init process starts, the system kernel layer creates independent namespaces for each system based on the environment variable param. The namespaces include PID, IPC, UTS, Mount, Network, and User, which are used for complete process isolation. The init process is used to initialize the system environment when the main system layer starts. PID is used to isolate process IDs, IPC is used to isolate inter-process communication resources, UTS is used to isolate hostname and domain name information, Mount is used to isolate file system mount points, Network is used to isolate network resources, and User is used to isolate user and user group IDs. The main system layer includes the application runtime layer, which pre-integrates launchers for different systems. When each system is started, only the corresponding launcher is activated and other launcher entries are hidden. The launcher supports system switching via physical buttons or system settings. When switching, the original system state is saved and the new system state is restored.

[0025] In a specific implementation, the system kernel layer is as follows: The kernel layer uses cgroups v2 to divide each system into dedicated control groups, setting quotas and scheduling rules for CPU, memory, and I / O resources. The cgroup device controller controls the access permissions of each system to device nodes. Here, cgroups v2 represents the second-generation version of control groups, and I / O refers to input or output. The system kernel layer uses the file service system OverlayFS to build the root file system, the base layer is a read-only general system image, and each system-specific file is stored in the corresponding writable layer. When the system starts, the corresponding writable layer is mounted according to the environment variable param. The system kernel layer divides the data directory / data partition into multiple logical volumes through Logical Volume Management (LVM) or the integrity verification mechanism dm-verity. When the system starts, only the logical volume corresponding to the system is mounted for physical isolation of user data.

[0026] In a specific implementation, the application runtime layer is as follows: The application runtime layer enforces application sandbox access control through SELinux or AppArmor policies, restricting each system application to access only corresponding types of files and resources, and redirecting file paths in public paths through the mount -bind command or FUSE.

[0027] Among them, SELinux stands for Security Enhanced Linux system, AppArmor refers to a mandatory access control security mechanism in Linux, the mount -bind command means to create a mount point that binds a directory or part of a file system to another location, and FUSE refers to the userspace file system framework in Linux system.

[0028] In a specific implementation, the network configuration, Bluetooth pairing information, user account and system settings of each system are stored in the corresponding data partitions, and network isolation is achieved through network namespaces. When switching systems, the Bluetooth pairing information of the corresponding system is loaded. Each system also includes a cross-system data exchange area partitioned from internal storage. This partition uses FAT32 or exFAT format and is mounted with the nosuid, nodev, and noexec options added to allow only the custom file manager to read and write under explicit user operation. Here, FAT32 means 32-bit binary format, exFAT means extended file allocation table, nosuid means to prohibit the execution of programs with the permissions of the file owner or the file's group in the file system, nodev means to prohibit the interpretation of character or block special device files, and noexec means to prohibit the interpretation of any executable binary files in the file system. Each system has a different boot animation, system theme, default wallpaper, and system sound effects. The front panel of the TV has a dual-color LED indicator to indicate the currently running system.

[0029] In a specific implementation, the U-Boot startup layer and the main system layer are verified through key signature verification. The environment variable param is stored in a secure area, and the signature or MAC address is verified when writing and reading. The main system layer enables KASLR, SMAP / SMEP and stack protection compilation options. KASLR stands for Kernel Address Space Layout Randomization, SMAP stands for Supervisory Mode Access Protection, and SMEP stands for Supervisory Mode Execution Protection.

[0030] In a specific implementation, the remote control supports system switching via combination keys or the system settings menu, and the switching process displays a progress bar and brand logo; A training dataset is constructed by recording waveforms from a large number of remote control samples under various environmental interferences.

[0031] Example 2 A multi-system control method for Android-based smart TVs, applied to an Android-based multi-system smart TV device, is as follows: Choose any remote control from different brands to send an infrared signal. The U-Boot startup layer in the TV responds to the infrared signal from the remote control and wakes up the system. It sets the corresponding environment variables based on the received infrared signal. After the system starts, the main system layer loads the launcher, reads the set environment variables, enters the corresponding system based on the environment variables, and the application runtime layer executes the corresponding operations.

[0032] In the specific implementation process, it is assumed that there are two systems, A and B, in the TV set, corresponding to remote control A and remote control B. Either remote control sends an infrared signal to the TV set, which is received by the U-Boot response layer. The U-Boot response layer determines whether it was woken up by remote control A. If so, the environment variable is set to A; otherwise, the environment variable is set to B. Then, the corresponding system is started according to the environment variable, and the application runtime layer in that system performs the corresponding operation.

[0033] Although the specific embodiments of the invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Based on the technical solutions of the invention, various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. An Android-based smart TV multi-system device, comprising a television and multiple remote controls, characterized in that: The remote control, as the input layer, has different identification standard protocol code values, and any one of the remote controls from different brands can send an infrared signal; The television set includes a U-Boot startup layer, a main system layer, and an application operation layer, and receives infrared signals emitted by the remote control. The U-Boot startup layer receives and identifies the infrared signal emitted by the input layer, and sets the environment variable param according to the infrared signal; The main system layer integrates multiple system applications and starts the corresponding system according to the environment variables set in the U-Boot startup layer. The application runtime layer executes corresponding operations based on the system response and controller operation.

2. The Android-based smart TV multi-system device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The U-Boot startup layer is as follows: The U-Boot startup layer includes an infrared wake-up layer. The infrared wake-up layer identifies the infrared signals of different remote controls by capturing the pulse width tolerance distribution, carrier frequency offset, inter-frame interval statistical characteristics, and special patterns of preamble / repetition codes of infrared signals. When the U-Boot startup layer writes the environment variable param, it generates an ECC checksum and stores it synchronously. When the device starts up, it first checks the integrity of param to determine whether there are any occasional errors.

3. The Android-based smart TV multi-system device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The infrared wake-up layer is as follows: The infrared wake-up layer integrates a simplified K-Nearest Neighbors model with a feature vector dimension of 6-8. The weights of the simplified K-Nearest Neighbors model are fixed in the read-only data segment of the U-Boot startup layer. The infrared wake-up layer samples ambient infrared noise for less than 100ms during the initial startup of the U-Boot startup layer to establish a baseline noise model, which is used to dynamically adjust the signal-to-noise ratio threshold for signal detection. The infrared wake-up layer adopts a continuous confirmation mechanism. After receiving a suspected wake-up infrared signal, if it continuously captures three signal packets with a feature vector Euclidean distance less than the threshold within 200ms, it is determined to be a valid wake-up. The infrared wake-up layer maintains a low-power listening mode in deep sleep mode. It only activates feature extraction and the simplified K-NearestNeighbors model when a valid wake-up signal is detected. The infrared wake-up layer performs real-time signal-to-noise ratio calculation and bit error rate estimation on the received infrared signal. If the signal-to-noise ratio is too low or the bit error rate is too high, it is determined to be an invalid signal.

4. The Android-based smart TV multi-system device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main system layer is as follows: The main system layer contains the system kernel layer. Before the init process starts, the system kernel layer creates independent namespaces for each system based on the environment variable param, which is used for complete isolation between processes. The init process is used to initialize the system environment when the main system layer starts. The main system layer includes the application runtime layer, which pre-integrates launchers for different systems. When each system is started, only the corresponding launcher is activated and other launcher entries are hidden. The launcher supports system switching via physical buttons or system settings. When switching, the original system state is saved and the new system state is restored.

5. A multi-system smart TV device based on Android according to claim 4, characterized in that, The system kernel layer is as follows: The kernel layer uses cgroups v2 to divide each system into dedicated control groups, setting quotas and scheduling rules for CPU, memory, and I / O resources. The cgroup device controller controls the access permissions of each system to device nodes. Here, cgroups v2 represents the second-generation version of control groups, and I / O refers to input or output. The system kernel layer uses the file service system OverlayFS to build the root file system, the base layer is a read-only general system image, and each system-specific file is stored in the corresponding writable layer. When the system starts, the corresponding writable layer is mounted according to the environment variable param. The system kernel layer divides the data directory / data partition into multiple logical volumes through Logical Volume Management (LVM) or the integrity verification mechanism dm-verity. When the system starts, only the logical volume corresponding to the system is mounted for physical isolation of user data.

6. A multi-system smart TV device based on Android according to claim 4, characterized in that, The application runtime layer is as follows: The application runtime layer enforces application sandbox access control through SELinux or AppArmor policies, restricting each system application to access only corresponding types of files and resources, and redirecting file paths in public paths through the mount -bind command or FUSE. Among them, SELinux stands for Security Enhanced Linux system, AppArmor refers to a mandatory access control security mechanism in Linux, the mount -bind command means to create a mount point that binds a directory or part of a file system to another location, and FUSE refers to the userspace file system framework in Linux system.

7. A multi-system smart TV device based on Android according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each system's network configuration, Bluetooth pairing information, user accounts, and system settings are stored in their respective data partitions. Network isolation is achieved through network namespaces, and the Bluetooth pairing information of the corresponding system is loaded when switching systems. Each system also includes a cross-system data exchange area partitioned from internal storage. This partition uses FAT32 or exFAT format and is mounted with the nosuid, nodev, and noexec options added to allow only the custom file manager to read and write under explicit user operation. Here, FAT32 means 32-bit binary format, exFAT means extended file allocation table, nosuid means to prohibit the execution of programs with the permissions of the file owner or the file's group in the file system, nodev means to prohibit the interpretation of character or block special device files, and noexec means to prohibit the interpretation of any executable binary files in the file system. Each system has a different boot animation, system theme, default wallpaper, and system sound effects. The front panel of the TV has a dual-color LED indicator to indicate the currently running system.

8. A multi-system smart TV device based on Android according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-Boot startup layer and main system layer are verified through key signature. The environment variable param is stored in a secure area, and the signature or MAC address is verified when writing and reading. The main system layer enables KASLR, SMAP / SMEP and stack protection compilation options. KASLR stands for Kernel Address Space Layout Randomization, SMAP stands for Supervisory Mode Access Protection, and SMEP stands for Supervisory Mode Execution Protection.

9. A multi-system smart TV device based on Android according to claim 1, characterized in that: The remote control supports system switching via combination keys or the system settings menu. A progress bar and brand logo are displayed during the switching process. A training dataset is constructed by recording waveforms from a large number of remote control samples under various environmental interferences.

10. A method for controlling multiple systems of an Android-based smart TV, applied to an Android-based smart TV multi-system device as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Specifically as follows: Choose any remote control from different brands to send an infrared signal. The U-Boot startup layer in the TV responds to the infrared signal from the remote control and wakes up the system. It sets the corresponding environment variables based on the received infrared signal. After the system starts, the main system layer loads the launcher, reads the set environment variables, enters the corresponding system based on the environment variables, and the application runtime layer executes the corresponding operations.

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