Signal transmission method, apparatus, device, and medium

Abstract

This application discloses a signal transmission method, apparatus, device, and medium, belonging to the field of communications. The method is executed by a first device and includes: transmitting a first signal, the first signal comprising at least two signals, the phase difference of the at least two signals being used for positioning and / or ranging. It supports positioning and / or ranging through phase difference, possesses high positioning accuracy and / or measurement accuracy, and is simple to implement.

Description

Signal transmission method, device, equipment and medium Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a signal transmission method, apparatus, device, and medium. Background Art

[0002] When using signals for positioning or ranging in related technologies, certain capabilities are required of the signal transmitter. If the signal transmitter's capabilities are weak, such as with a narrow supported bandwidth, poor stability, or poor accuracy, it will be difficult to achieve high-precision positioning or ranging using the signal.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a signal transmission method, apparatus, device, and medium. The technical solution at least includes:

[0005] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a signal transmission method is provided, where the method is performed by a first device and includes:

[0006] A first signal is sent, where the first signal includes at least two signals, and a phase difference between the at least two signals is used for positioning and / or ranging.

[0007] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a signal transmission method is provided, where the method is performed by a second device and includes:

[0008] A first signal is received, where the first signal includes at least two signals, and a phase difference between the at least two signals is used for positioning and / or ranging.

[0009] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a signal transmission device is provided, the device comprising:

[0010] The sending module is used to send a first signal, where the first signal includes at least two signals, and the phase difference between the at least two signals is used for positioning and / or ranging.

[0011] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a signal transmission device is provided, the device comprising:

[0012] The receiving module is used to receive a first signal, where the first signal includes at least two signals, and a phase difference between the at least two signals is used for positioning and / or ranging.

[0013] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a communication device is provided, the communication device including:

[0014] processor;

[0015] a receiver and / or transmitter connected to the processor;

[0016] a memory for storing executable instructions for the processor;

[0017] Wherein, the communication device is used to implement the signal transmission method as described above.

[0018] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a communication device is provided, comprising: a receiver and / or a transmitter; wherein the communication device is used to implement the signal transmission method as described above.

[0019] According to one aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which executable instructions are stored. The executable instructions are loaded and executed by the processor to implement the signal transmission method as described in the above aspect.

[0020] According to one aspect of the present application, a computer program product is provided, which includes computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and a processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device executes to implement the signal transmission method described in the above aspect.

[0021] According to one aspect of the present application, a chip is provided, which includes a programmable logic circuit and / or program instructions, and when the chip is running, is used to implement the signal transmission method as described in the above aspects.

[0022] According to one aspect of the present application, a computer program is provided, which includes computer instructions. A processor of a computer device executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device executes the signal transmission method as described in the above aspect.

[0023] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application may have the following beneficial effects:

[0024] Supports positioning and / or ranging through phase difference, with high positioning accuracy and / or measurement accuracy, and is simple to implement. Due to the simple calculation principle of phase difference, the solution for positioning and / or ranging through phase difference is highly robust and is minimally affected by signal transmission quality and signal structure. Even if the capabilities of the first device are weak, such as due to problems such as narrow supported bandwidth, poor stability and accuracy, making it difficult to send high-precision, high-stability, and complex-structured signals, high-precision positioning and / or ranging can still be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0026] FIG1 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG2 shows a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG3 shows a schematic diagram of radio frequency energy harvesting provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG4 is a schematic diagram showing a backscatter communication process provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG5 shows a schematic diagram of resistive load modulation provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG6 shows a schematic diagram of an encoding method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG7 is a schematic diagram showing a flow chart of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG8 is a schematic diagram showing a flow chart of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG9 shows a schematic diagram of a first signal provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG10 shows a schematic diagram of a first signal provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG11 is a schematic diagram showing a second signal and a third signal provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG12 is a schematic diagram showing a set of signals on frequency components provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG13 is a schematic diagram showing a set of signals on frequency components provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG14 is a schematic diagram showing a set of signals on frequency components provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG15 is a schematic diagram showing signals on multiple groups of frequency components provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG16 is a schematic diagram showing a flow chart of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG17 is a schematic diagram showing a flow chart of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG18 is a schematic diagram showing a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG19 is a schematic diagram showing a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG20 is a schematic diagram showing a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG21 shows a structural block diagram of a signal transmission device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG22 shows a structural block diagram of a signal transmission device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG23 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG24 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present application more clear, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, with examples shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0051] The terms used in this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," "the," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0052] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in this application to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0053] 1 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The wireless communication system includes a network device 110 and a terminal device 120, and / or a terminal device 120 and a terminal device 130, which are not limited in the present application.

[0054] The network device 110 in the present application provides wireless communication functions, and the network device 110 includes but is not limited to: Evolved Node B (eNB), Radio Network Controller (RNC), Node B (NB), Base Station Controller (BSC), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Home Base Station (e.g., Home Evolved Node B, or Home Node B, HNB), Baseband Unit (BBU), Access Point (AP) in Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) system, Wireless Relay Node, Wireless Backhaul Node, Transmission Point (TP) or Transmission and Reception Point (TRP), etc., and can also be the Next Generation Node B (NGNB) in the 5th Generation (5G) mobile communication system. B, gNB) or transmission point (TRP or TP), or one or a group of (including multiple antenna panels) antenna panels of a base station in a 5G system, or it can also be a network node constituting a gNB or transmission point, such as a baseband unit (BBU) or distributed unit (DU), or a base station in a Beyond Fifth Generation (B5G) mobile communication system or a sixth generation (6G) mobile communication system, or a core network (CN), fronthaul, backhaul, radio access network (RAN), network slice, etc., or a reader / writer of a radio frequency identification (RFID) system.

[0055] The terminal device 120 and / or terminal device 130 in this application are also called user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, and user device. The terminals include, but are not limited to, handheld devices, wearable devices, vehicle-mounted devices, and Internet of Things devices, such as electronic tags, controllers, mobile phones, tablet computers, e-book readers, laptop computers, desktop computers, televisions, game consoles, mobile Internet devices (MIDs), augmented reality (AR) terminals, virtual reality (VR) terminals, and mixed reality (MR) terminals, wearable devices, handles, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical care, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loops (WLANs), and wireless terminals in industrial control. Loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDA), TV set-top boxes (STB), customer premises equipment (CPE), etc.

[0056] In some embodiments, the network device 110 and the terminal device 120 communicate with each other via some air interface technology, such as a Uu interface.

[0057] In some embodiments, there are two communication scenarios between the network device 110 and the terminal device 120: uplink communication scenario and downlink communication scenario. Uplink communication refers to sending signals to the network device 110; downlink communication refers to sending signals to the terminal device 120.

[0058] In some embodiments, the terminal device 120 and the terminal device 130 communicate with each other via some direct communication interface, such as a PC5 interface.

[0059] In some embodiments, there are two communication scenarios between terminal device 120 and terminal device 130: a first sideline communication scenario and a second sideline communication scenario. The first sideline communication refers to sending signals to terminal device 130, while the second sideline communication refers to sending signals to terminal device 120.

[0060] In some embodiments, terminal device 120 and terminal device 130 are both within the network coverage and located in the same cell, or terminal device 120 and terminal device 130 are both within the network coverage but located in different cells, or terminal device 120 is within the network coverage but terminal device 130 is outside the network coverage.

[0061] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Global System of Mobile communication (GSM) system, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) system, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) system, Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) system, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication system, 5G mobile communication system, New Radio (NR) system, NR system evolution system, LTE on unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) system, NR on unlicensed spectrum (NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum) system. Unlicensed spectrum, NR-U) system, terrestrial communication network (Terrestrial Networks, TN) system, non-terrestrial communication network (Non-Terrestrial Networks, NTN) system, wireless local area network (Wireless Local Area Networks, WLAN), wireless fidelity (Wireless Fidelity, Wi-Fi), cellular Internet of Things system, cellular passive Internet of Things system, ambient power Internet of Things (Ambient Power Enabled Internet of Things, Ambient IoT / A-IoT) system, zero power Internet of Things system, can also be applied to the subsequent evolution system of the 5G NR system, and can also be applied to B5G, 6G and subsequent evolution systems. In some embodiments of the present application, "NR" may also be referred to as a 5G NR system or a 5G system.Among them, the 5G mobile communication system may include non-standalone networking (NSA) and / or standalone networking (SA).

[0062] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to machine type communication (MTC), long term evolution technology for machine-to-machine communication (LTE-M), device-to-device (D2D) network, machine-to-machine (M2M) network, Internet of Things (IoT) network or other networks. Among them, the IoT network can include, for example, the Internet of Vehicles. Among them, the communication mode in the Internet of Vehicles system is collectively referred to as vehicle to other devices (Vehicle to X, V2X, X can represent anything), for example, the V2X can include: vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle to pedestrian communication (V2P) or vehicle to network (V2N) communication, etc.

[0063] The wireless communication system provided in this embodiment can be applied to, but is not limited to, at least one of the following communication scenarios: an uplink communication scenario, a downlink communication scenario, and a sidelink communication scenario.

[0064] In some embodiments, the terminal device 120 is a zero-power device.

[0065] A zero-power device may also be referred to as at least one of the following: an ultra-low-power device, a low-power device, a Passive IoT device, or an Ambient Power Enabled Internet of Things (Ambient IoT / A-IoT) device.

[0066] The communication technology implemented by zero-power devices can be called zero-power communication technology, or ultra-low-power communication technology, or low-power communication technology, or ambient power Internet of Things (Ambient Power Enabled Internet of Things, Ambient IoT / A-IoT) technology, or passive Internet of Things (Passive IoT) technology, or zero-power Internet of Things technology.

[0067] Zero-power devices can harvest energy from the environment (such as radio frequency energy, solar energy, light energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, kinetic energy, etc.) to obtain energy for communication. Generally speaking, based on the energy source and usage method, zero-power devices can be divided into the following three types:

[0068] (1) Passive devices; Passive devices do not require built-in batteries. When a passive device approaches a network device (such as the reader of an RFID system), the passive device is within the near field formed by the radiation of the network device antenna. Therefore, the passive device antenna generates an induced current through electromagnetic induction, and the induced current drives the low-power chip circuit of the passive device. This realizes the demodulation of the forward link signal and the modulation of the backward link signal. For the backscatter link, the passive device can use backscatter or extremely low-power active transmission to transmit the signal. Passive devices do not require built-in batteries to drive either the forward link or the reverse link. Therefore, passive devices can be considered as zero-power devices.

[0069] In addition to not requiring batteries, the RF circuits and baseband circuits of passive devices are also very simple. For example, they do not require components such as LNA, power amplifier (PA), crystal oscillator, analog to digital converter (ADC), etc., which makes passive devices have many advantages such as small size, light weight, very low price, and long service life.

[0070] Passive devices can also support other energy harvesting methods by harvesting energy from the environment (such as solar energy, light energy, thermal energy, kinetic energy, mechanical energy, etc.) to obtain energy for driving circuits, thereby achieving communication.

[0071] (2) Semi-passive devices: Semi-passive devices do not have conventional batteries installed on them. They can use radio frequency energy harvesting modules to harvest radio wave energy, or use energy harvesting modules to harvest energy from the environment (such as solar energy, light energy, thermal energy, kinetic energy, mechanical energy, etc.), and store the harvested energy in an energy storage unit (such as a capacitor). After the energy storage unit obtains energy, it can drive the low-power chip circuit of the semi-passive device. It can realize the demodulation of the forward link signal and the modulation of the backward link signal. For the backscatter link, the semi-passive device can use backscattering to transmit the signal. The semi-passive device can also have the ability to actively transmit, that is, in addition to communicating through backscattering, the backward link can also use active transmission to communicate.

[0072] Semi-passive devices do not require built-in batteries to drive either the forward link or the reverse link. Although they use energy stored in capacitors, this energy comes from radio energy or ambient energy collected by the energy harvesting module. Therefore, semi-passive devices can be considered zero-power devices.

[0073] Semi-passive devices inherit many advantages of passive devices, such as small size, light weight, very low price, long service life, etc.

[0074] (3) Active devices: Active devices can have built-in batteries. The battery is used to drive the low-power chip circuit of the active device to realize the demodulation of the forward link signal and the modulation of the reverse link signal. The reverse link signal transmission of the active device does not need to consume the active device's own power, and the reverse link transmission is realized by backscattering, thereby achieving the effect of zero power consumption. The active device can also have the ability to actively transmit, that is, in addition to communicating by backscattering, the reverse link can also use active transmission to communicate.

[0075] Despite having built-in batteries, these active devices have extremely low power consumption and complexity, allowing the battery capacity to be set within a narrow range, resulting in lower cost and size. The built-in battery in the active device can also serve as an energy storage unit, storing ambient energy collected by the energy harvesting module. This reduces the maintenance cycle of the active device, or even makes it maintenance-free.

[0076] Active devices use built-in batteries to increase their communication range, for example, by increasing the read / write distance of electronic tags, thereby improving communication reliability. Therefore, active devices are used in scenarios where communication distance and read latency are relatively high.

[0077] In terms of communication methods, zero-power devices can support backscatter and / or active transmission communication methods. Generally speaking, based on the transmitter type, zero-power devices can be divided into the following three types:

[0078] (1) Backscatter-based zero-power devices: These devices use the backscatter method described above for uplink data transmission. These devices do not have an active transmitter for active transmission, but only a backscatter transmitter. Therefore, when these devices transmit uplink data, they require network equipment to provide a carrier. These devices use the carrier-based backscattering to achieve uplink data transmission.

[0079] (2) Zero-power devices based on active transmitters: These devices use active transmitters with active transmission capabilities for uplink data transmission. Therefore, when sending uplink data, these devices can use their own active transmitters to send uplink data without the need for network equipment to provide a carrier. Active transmitters suitable for this type of device can be, for example, ultra-low-power ASK transmitters and ultra-low-power FSK transmitters. Based on current implementations, when transmitting a 100-microwatt signal, the overall power consumption of these transmitters can be reduced to 400-600 microwatts.

[0080] (3) Zero-power devices that have both backscatter and active transmitters. These devices can support both backscatter and active transmitters. They can determine whether to use backscatter or active transmitters based on different situations (such as different power levels, different available environmental energy levels), or based on the scheduling of network devices.

[0081] Fig. 2 shows a communication system 200 provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The communication system 200 includes a network device 110 and a terminal device 120 that is a zero-power device.

[0082] The terminal device 120, which is a zero-power device, includes an energy harvesting module 321. Optionally, in addition to the energy harvesting module 321, the terminal device 120 also includes a backscatter communication module 322. Optionally, in addition to the energy harvesting module 321, the terminal device 120 also includes a logic processing module 323. Exemplarily, the logic processing module 323 includes a low-power computing module. Optionally, in addition to the energy harvesting module 321, the terminal device 120 also includes a sensor module 324. Optionally, in addition to the energy harvesting module 321, the terminal device 120 also includes a memory (not shown in the figure). Optionally, in addition to the energy harvesting module 321, the terminal device 120 also includes one or more of a backscatter communication module 322, a logic processing module 323, a sensor module 324 and a memory.

[0083] Exemplarily, the energy collection module 321 can collect energy carried by radio waves in space, or light energy, or kinetic energy, or mechanical energy, or solar energy, etc., to provide energy for driving the various modules of the terminal device 120. After the terminal device 120 obtains energy, it can receive a signal from the network device 110 through a receiver, or reflect a signal to the network device 110 through the backscatter communication module 322, or transmit a signal to the network device 110 through a transmitter (not shown in the figure). The data reflected or transmitted by the terminal device 120 can be data stored by itself (such as an identity or pre-written information, such as the production date, brand, manufacturer, etc. of the product). The sensor module 324 can include various sensors, and the terminal device 120 can report the data collected by various sensors based on a low-power mechanism. The memory is used to store some basic information (such as item identification, etc.) or obtain sensor data such as ambient temperature and ambient humidity.

[0084] The terminal device 120 can use the logic processing module 323 to implement simple signal demodulation, decoding or encoding, modulation and other simple computing tasks, and the hardware design can be very simple, making the terminal device 120 very low in cost and small in size.

[0085] It should be understood that the modules included in the terminal device 120 shown in FIG2 are merely examples and not limiting.

[0086] Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of radio frequency power harvesting (RFP) performed by energy harvesting module 321. RF energy harvesting is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. The RF module RF, connected in parallel with a capacitor C and a load resistor RL, collects electromagnetic wave energy from space, obtaining the energy required to power zero-power devices. This energy is used to drive low-power demodulation modules, modulation modules, sensors, and memory access. This allows zero-power devices to be implemented without the need for traditional batteries.

[0087] Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of backscatter communication module 322 performing backscatter communication. Terminal device 120 receives wireless signal carrier 131 transmitted by network device 110's transmitter (TX) module 111 using amplifier (AMP) 112. Terminal device 120 modulates wireless signal carrier 131, loads the information to be transmitted using logic processing module 323, and harvests radio frequency energy using energy harvesting module 321. Terminal device 120 radiates modulated reflected signal 132 using antenna 316. This information transmission process is called backscatter communication. Network device 110's receiver (RX) module 113 receives modulated reflected signal 132 using low-noise amplifier (LNA) 114. Backscatter and load modulation are closely related. Load modulation achieves modulation by adjusting and controlling the circuit parameters of the terminal device 120's oscillator circuit according to the data stream's rhythm, causing parameters such as the impedance of the terminal device 120 to change accordingly.

[0088] Load modulation technology mainly includes resistive load modulation and capacitive load modulation. Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of resistive load modulation. In resistive load modulation, the load resistor RL is connected in parallel with the third resistor R3, and the switch S based on binary code control is turned on or off. The on and off of the third resistor R3 will cause the voltage on the circuit to change. The load resistor RL maintains a parallel connection relationship with the first capacitor C1, the load resistor RL maintains a series connection relationship with the second resistor R2, and the second resistor R2 maintains a series connection relationship with the first inductor L1. The first inductor L1 is coupled with the second inductor L2, and the second inductor L2 maintains a series connection relationship with the second capacitor C2. For example, amplitude shift keying (ASK) can be implemented, that is, the amplitude of the backscattered signal of the terminal device is adjusted to achieve signal modulation and transmission. Similarly, in capacitive load modulation, the resonant frequency of the circuit can be changed by turning the capacitor on and off, realizing frequency shift keying (FSK), that is, the operating frequency of the backscattered signal of the terminal device is adjusted to achieve signal modulation and transmission.

[0089] The terminal device 120 can perform information modulation on the incoming signal by means of load modulation, thereby realizing the backscatter communication process.

[0090] Therefore, zero-power devices have the following significant advantages:

[0091] (1) It does not need to actively transmit signals, so it does not require complex RF links such as PA and RF filters;

[0092] (2) There is no need to actively generate high-frequency signals, so no high-frequency crystal oscillator is required;

[0093] (3) With the help of backscatter communication, signal transmission does not need to consume its own energy.

[0094] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the encoding method used by the wireless communication system shown in Figure 1 or the communication system shown in Figure 2. Data transmitted in the wireless communication system shown in Figure 1 or the communication system shown in Figure 2 can use different forms of codes to represent binary "1" and "0", that is, use different pulse signals to represent "0" and "1". The following encoding methods are introduced here:

[0095] · Non-Return to Zero (NRZ) encoding: Non-Return to Zero encoding uses a high level to represent a binary "1" and a low level to represent a binary "0". Figure 6 shows a level diagram of binary data 101100101001011 encoded using the NRZ method.

[0096] Manchester encoding: Manchester encoding is also known as split-phase coding. In Manchester encoding, a binary value is represented by a change in level (rising or falling) during half a bit period within the bit length. A negative transition during half a bit period represents a binary "1," and a positive transition during half a bit period represents a binary "0." Manchester encoding is often used for data transmission from zero-power devices to network devices when using carrier load modulation or backscatter modulation, as it facilitates detection of data transmission errors. This is because Manchester encoding does not allow for a "no change" state within the bit length. When multiple zero-power devices simultaneously transmit data bits with different values, the received rising and falling edges cancel each other, resulting in an uninterrupted carrier signal throughout the entire bit length. Since this state is not allowed, network devices can use this error to determine the specific location of the collision. Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the levels of binary data 101100101001011 encoded using the Manchester method.

[0097] Unipolar Return to Zero (URZ) encoding: In URZ encoding, a high level in the first half of a bit period represents a binary "1," while a low level signal throughout the entire bit period represents a binary "1." Figure 6 shows a level diagram of binary data 101100101001011 encoded using the URZ method.

[0098] Differential Binary Phase (DBP) encoding: In DBP encoding, any edge within half a bit period represents a binary "0," while the absence of an edge represents a binary "1." Furthermore, the voltage level is inverted at the beginning of each bit period. This makes it easier for the receiver to reconstruct the bit clock. Figure 6 shows a voltage level diagram for the binary data 101100101001011 encoded using the DBP method.

[0099] Miller encoding: In Miller encoding, any edge within half a bit period represents a binary "1," while a constant level throughout the next bit period represents a binary "0." The level transition at the beginning of a bit period makes it easier for the receiver to reconstruct the bit clock. Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the levels of the binary data 101100101001011 encoded using the Miller method.

[0100] Differential encoding: In differential encoding, each binary "1" to be transmitted causes a change in the signal level, while for binary "0", the signal level remains unchanged.

[0101] It should be noted that the above encoding methods are examples of encoding methods that can be adopted by the wireless communication system shown in FIG. 1 or the communication system shown in FIG. 2 , and are not limiting.

[0102] Due to its significant advantages such as extremely low cost, extremely low power consumption, and small size, the communication system shown in Figure 2 can be widely used in various industries, such as logistics for vertical industries, smart warehousing, smart agriculture, energy and electricity, industrial Internet, etc.; it can also be applied to personal applications such as smart wearables and smart homes.

[0103] For example, it is applied to at least the following four scenarios:

[0104] (1) Object recognition, such as logistics, production line product management, and supply chain management;

[0105] (2) Environmental monitoring, such as temperature, humidity, and harmful gas monitoring of the working environment and natural environment;

[0106] (3) Positioning, such as indoor positioning, intelligent object search, and production line item positioning;

[0107] (4) Intelligent control, such as intelligent control of various electrical appliances in smart homes (turning on and off air conditioners, adjusting temperature), and intelligent control of various facilities in agricultural greenhouses (automatic irrigation and fertilization).

[0108] In this application, "agreement" can be implemented by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information in communication equipment (such as terminal equipment, network equipment), and this application does not limit its specific implementation method. Communication protocol agreement can also be understood as pre-defined by the communication protocol.

[0109] FIG7 shows a flow chart of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method is executed by a first device and includes:

[0110] Step 710: Send a first signal, where the first signal includes at least two signals, and a phase difference between the at least two signals is used for positioning and / or ranging.

[0111] In some embodiments, the first signal is called a positioning reference signal, or a positioning assistance signal, or a reference signal.

[0112] In some embodiments, the sender of the first signal is a first device, and the receiver of the second signal is a second device.

[0113] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, "at least two signals" can be relative to the sender of the first signal (ie, the first device), or relative to the receiver of the first signal (such as the second device).

[0114] In some embodiments, "at least two signals" refers to a first device. When the first device transmits a first signal, the first signal includes at least two signals, which can also be understood as including at least two sub-signals, at least two signal segments, or at least two signal portions. Therefore, the phase difference between at least two signals can also be understood as the phase difference between at least two sub-signals, at least two signal segments, or at least two signal portions.

[0115] In some embodiments, "at least two signals" refers to a first device. A first signal is a collective term for at least two signals, where the at least two signals are related but independent. The first device sends the first signal, that is, the first device sends at least two related signals.

[0116] In some embodiments, the correlation of the at least two signals is reflected in one or more of the following aspects:

[0117] The at least two signals correspond to the same positioning result;

[0118] The at least two signals correspond to the same ranging result;

[0119] The at least two signals correspond to the same positioning task;

[0120] The at least two signals correspond to the same ranging task;

[0121] The at least two signals are repeated signals;

[0122] The at least two signals occupy the same time domain resources;

[0123] The at least two signals belong to the same first signal.

[0124] In some embodiments, "at least two signals" refers to a second device. When the first device transmits a first signal, it does not include at least two signals; the second device divides the first signal into at least two signals. Therefore, the phase difference between the at least two signals can also be understood as the phase difference between the at least two signals obtained by dividing the first signal by the second device, or the phase difference between the at least two signal segments obtained by dividing the first signal by the second device, or the phase difference between the at least two signal portions obtained by dividing the first signal by the second device.

[0125] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, positioning / ranging can be relative to the sender of the first signal (ie, the first device) or relative to the receiver of the first signal (such as the second device).

[0126] In some embodiments, the second device obtains a phase difference between at least two signals, obtains a positioning result of the first device based on the phase difference, and / or obtains a distance between the first device and the second device based on the phase difference.

[0127] In some embodiments, the second device obtains a phase difference between at least two signals, obtains a positioning result of the second device itself based on the phase difference, and / or obtains a distance between the second device and the first device based on the phase difference.

[0128] In some embodiments, the first device is implemented as the network device 110 as shown in FIG. 1 , or as the terminal device 120 as shown in FIG. 1 , or as the terminal device 120 that is a zero-power device as shown in FIG. 2 .

[0129] A zero-power device may also be referred to as at least one of the following: an ultra-low-power device, a low-power device, a passive IoT device, or an A-IoT device.

[0130] In summary, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application supports positioning and / or ranging through phase difference, has high positioning accuracy and / or measurement accuracy, and is simple to implement. Since the calculation principle of the phase difference is simple, the solution for positioning and / or ranging through phase difference is highly robust and is little affected by the signal transmission quality and signal structure. Even if the capability of the first device is weak, such as when the first device is a zero-power device, there may be problems such as narrow supported bandwidth, poor stability and accuracy, and it is difficult to ensure high precision and high stability of the transmitted signal or it is difficult to transmit a signal with a complex structure, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application can also achieve high-precision positioning and / or ranging.

[0131] Because the design of the first signal is relatively simple, transmission resources required for positioning and / or ranging can be saved. In particular, when the first device is a zero-power device, since the power consumption of the zero-power device is low or even zero, the overall power consumption required for positioning and / or ranging can be significantly reduced, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the communication system.

[0132] In some embodiments, step 710 may be implemented as step 830. Optionally, in addition to step 830, the signal transmission method may further include step 810, as shown in FIG8 .

[0133] FIG8 is a schematic flow chart of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method is executed by a first device and includes:

[0134] Step 810: Receive first signaling, where the first signaling is used to trigger a first device to send a first signal and / or to configure transmission parameters of the first signal.

[0135] In some embodiments, the first signal includes at least two signals, and the transmission parameters of the first signal include at least one of the following:

[0136] the bandwidth of the first signal;

[0137] The bandwidth of at least two signals;

[0138] The frequency separation between at least two signals;

[0139] The time domain length of the first signal;

[0140] The time domain lengths of at least two signals;

[0141] The time domain starting position of the first signal;

[0142] The time domain starting positions of at least two signals;

[0143] The time domain end position of the first signal;

[0144] The time domain end positions of at least two signals;

[0145] The number of time domain units occupied by the first signal;

[0146] The number of time domain units occupied by at least two signals;

[0147] a transmission period of the first signal;

[0148] At least two signal transmission cycles.

[0149] In some embodiments, the channel carrying the first signaling is scrambled by a first Radio Network Temporary Indentifier (RNTI).

[0150] In some embodiments, the first RNTI is used to identify that the first signaling is related to positioning and / or ranging.

[0151] In some embodiments, the first RNTI is used to identify that the first signaling is related to phase-difference-based positioning and / or phase-difference-based ranging. Exemplarily, the first RNTI is an RNTI marked as Phase-Positioning.

[0152] In some embodiments, the first signaling includes a first information field, and a bit value of the first information field is a first value.

[0153] In some embodiments, the bit value of the first information field is the first value, which is used to indicate that the first signaling is related to positioning and / or ranging.

[0154] In some embodiments, the bit value of the first information field is the first value, which is used to identify that the first signaling is related to phase difference-based positioning and / or phase difference-based ranging.

[0155] In some embodiments, the type of the first signaling includes one of the following:

[0156] Downlink Control Information (DCI);

[0157] Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling;

[0158] Media Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE).

[0159] In some embodiments, the first device receives a transmission parameter for configuring the first signal and a first signaling for triggering the first device to send the first signal.

[0160] Exemplarily, the RRC signaling or MAC CE received by the first device is used to configure all transmission parameters of the first signal, and the received DCI is used to trigger the first device to send the first signal.

[0161] Exemplarily, the RRC signaling or MAC CE received by the first device is used to configure the first part of the transmission parameters of the first signal, and the received DCI is used to trigger the first device to send the first signal and to configure the second part of the transmission parameters of the first signal.

[0162] Exemplarily, the RRC signaling received by the first device is used to configure the first part of the transmission parameters of the first signal, the received MAC CE is used to configure the second part of the transmission parameters of the first signal, and the received DCI is used to trigger the first device to send the first signal.

[0163] In some embodiments, the first signaling is sent by a network device.

[0164] In some embodiments, the first signaling is sent by the second device.

[0165] Step 830: Send a first signal, where the first signal includes at least two signals, and a phase difference between the at least two signals is used for positioning and / or ranging.

[0166] In some embodiments, referring to step 710, the "at least two signals" mentioned in step 830 may also be understood as "at least two sub-signals," "at least two signal portions," or "at least two signal segments." Similarly, the "phase difference between at least two signals" mentioned in step 830 may also be understood as "the phase difference between at least two sub-signals," "the phase difference between at least two signal portions," or "the phase difference between at least two signal segments."

[0167] In some embodiments, the at least two signals are repetitive signals at different frequency positions; or, the at least two signals are different signals at different frequency positions.

[0168] In some embodiments, the at least two signals include a second signal and a third signal, wherein the second signal is any one of the at least two signals, and the third signal is a signal adjacent to the second signal among the at least two signals.

[0169] In some embodiments, the second signal can also be understood as the first signal portion. Similarly, the third signal can also be understood as the second signal portion. The first signal portion is any one of the at least two signal portions, and the second signal portion is the signal portion of the at least two signal portions that is adjacent to the first signal portion.

[0170] In some embodiments, the second signal can also be understood as the first signal segment. Similarly, the third signal can also be understood as the second signal segment. The first signal segment is any one of the at least two signal segments, and the second signal segment is a signal segment of the at least two signal segments that is adjacent to the first signal segment.

[0171] In some embodiments, the second signal can also be understood as the first sub-signal. Similarly, the third signal can also be understood as the second sub-signal. The first sub-signal is any one of the at least two sub-signals, and the second sub-signal is the sub-signal adjacent to the first sub-signal of the at least two sub-signals.

[0172] In some embodiments, there is a frequency interval between the second signal and the third signal, which can also be understood as the frequency domain resources occupied by the second signal and the frequency domain resources occupied by the third signal are discontinuous, which can also be understood as the frequency interval between the second signal and the third signal is not 0.

[0173] In some embodiments, there is no frequency gap between the second signal and the third signal, which can also be understood as that the frequency domain resources occupied by the second signal and the frequency domain resources occupied by the third signal are continuous.

[0174] In some embodiments, there is no frequency interval between the second signal and the third signal, which can also be understood as the frequency interval between the second signal and the third signal is 0.

[0175] In some embodiments, there is no frequency interval between the second signal and the third signal, which can also be understood as an overlap between the frequency domain resources occupied by the second signal and the frequency domain resources occupied by the third signal.

[0176] In some embodiments, the frequency intervals present in at least two signals are equal or unequal. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG9(a), at least two signals include signal A, signal B, signal C, and signal D, and the frequency intervals between adjacent signals are equal. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG9(b), at least two signals include signal A, signal B, signal C, and signal D, and there is no frequency domain interval between signal A and signal B (that is, the frequency interval between signal A and signal B is 0), and the frequency interval between signal B and signal C is greater than the frequency interval between signal C and signal D.

[0177] In some embodiments, the frequency interval is agreed upon by a communication protocol, configured by a network device, or determined by negotiation between the first device and the second device.

[0178] In some embodiments, at least two signals are identical in at least one of the following respects:

[0179] Bandwidth

[0180] The number of occupied frequency domain cells;

[0181] Time domain length;

[0182] Time domain starting position;

[0183] Time domain end position;

[0184] The number of occupied time domain units.

[0185] The frequency domain unit includes, for example, at least one of a carrier, a physical resource block (PRB), a bandwidth part (BWP), a subband, a subchannel, a subcarrier, and units based on other frequency domain units.

[0186] The time domain unit includes, for example, at least one of a frame, a subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, a sub-slot, a symbol, a symbol group, and a unit based on other time domain units.

[0187] In some embodiments, the waveform of the first signal includes one of the following:

[0188] Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) waveform;

[0189] Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread OFDM (DFT-s OFDM) waveform;

[0190] Triangular waveform;

[0191] Square waveform;

[0192] Pulse waveform;

[0193] Continuous waveform.

[0194] In some embodiments, the subcarrier spacing of the first signal is 15 kHz, or 30 kHz, or 60 kHz, or 120 kHz, or 240 kHz, or 480 kHz, or 312.5 kHz, or 31.25 kHz.

[0195] In some embodiments, there is a time interval between the first device receiving the first signaling and sending the first signal. Optionally, the time interval is agreed upon by a communication protocol, configured by a network device, or determined by negotiation between the first device and the second device.

[0196] In some embodiments, the first signal is a unicast signal, a groupcast signal, or a multicast signal. It can also be understood that the recipient of the first signal can be one communication device or multiple communication devices.

[0197] In some embodiments, at least two signals occupy the same time domain resources, that is, at least two signals have the same time domain starting position, the same time domain ending position, and the same number of occupied time domain units.

[0198] In some embodiments, the time domain resources occupied by the at least two signals are different, that is, one or more of the time domain starting position, the time domain ending position, and the number of occupied time domain units of the at least two signals are different.

[0199] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG10 , at least two signals include signal A, signal B, and signal C. Among the at least two signals, there are signals that occupy different time domain resources (such as signal A and signal B, signal A and signal C), and there are also signals that occupy the same time domain resources (such as signal B and signal C).

[0200] In some embodiments, the at least two signals include a pilot signal, and / or a data signal, and / or a reference signal.

[0201] In some embodiments, the pilot signal includes a signal used to demodulate and / or decode the data signal. It can also be understood that if at least two signals include a pilot signal, then the phase difference of the pilot signal is used for positioning and / or ranging, and the pilot signal can also be used to demodulate and / or decode the data signal.

[0202] In some embodiments, the reference signal is a reference signal dedicated to positioning and / or ranging, or the reference signal is not a reference signal dedicated to positioning and / or ranging. In other words, in addition to being used for positioning and ranging, the reference signal may also have other functions, such as one or more of synchronization, measurement, and demodulation.

[0203] In some embodiments, the reference signal is dedicated to phase difference based positioning and / or phase difference based ranging.

[0204] In some embodiments, the type of reference signal includes at least one of the following: Positioning Reference Signal (PRS), Sidelink Positioning Reference Signal (SL-PRS), Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), Enhanced-SRS (E-SRS), Tracking Reference Signal (TRS), Carrier Phase Reference Signal (CPRS), Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS).

[0205] In some embodiments, the phase difference between the at least two signals is determined based on the signals on at least one set of frequency components, wherein the set of frequency components includes a first frequency component and a second frequency component.

[0206] In some embodiments, the signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit in the frequency domain resources occupied by the second signal, and the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit in the frequency domain resources occupied by the third signal, where k is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0207] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG11 , the second signal occupies a total of N1 frequency domain units, and the signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit therein, where 1≤k≤N1. The third signal occupies a total of M1 frequency domain units, and the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit therein, where 1≤k≤M1. Wherein, N1 is equal to or unequal to M1, N1 is an integer greater than 0, and M1 is an integer greater than 0.

[0208] It should be noted that the frequency domain unit and time domain unit numbering in the embodiment of the present application starts from 1, but it does not rule out the situation where the frequency domain unit and time domain unit numbering start from 0, that is, k can be an integer greater than or equal to 0, and i can be an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0209] In some embodiments, the signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the second signal, and the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the third signal, where k is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and i is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0210] Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 12, the second signal occupies a total of N1 frequency domain units and P1 time domain units, and the signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit, 1≤k≤N1, 1≤i≤P1. The third signal occupies a total of M1 frequency domain units and S1 time domain units, and the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit, 1≤k≤M1, 1≤i≤S1. Among them, N1 is equal to or unequal to M1, and P1 is equal to or unequal to S1. N1 is an integer greater than 0, M1 is an integer greater than 0, P1 is an integer greater than 0, and S1 is an integer greater than 0.

[0211] Optionally, the P1 time domain units occupied by the second signal are the same as the S1 time domain units occupied by the third signal. Optionally, the P1 time domain units occupied by the second signal are different from the S1 time domain units occupied by the third signal.

[0212] In some embodiments, the signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the second signal, and the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the g-th time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the third signal, where k is an integer greater than or equal to 1, i is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and g is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and i and g are different.

[0213] Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 13, the second signal occupies a total of N1 frequency domain units and P1 time domain units, and the signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit, 1≤k≤N1, 1≤i≤P1. The third signal occupies a total of M1 frequency domain units and S1 time domain units, and the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the g-th time domain unit, 1≤k≤M1, 1≤g≤S1. Among them, N1 is equal to or unequal to M1, and P1 is equal to or unequal to S1. N1 is an integer greater than 0, M1 is an integer greater than 0, P1 is an integer greater than 0, and S1 is an integer greater than 0. Optionally, the P1 time domain units occupied by the second signal are the same as or different from the S1 time domain units occupied by the third signal.

[0214] In some embodiments, the signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the ith time domain unit in the time-frequency resource occupied by the second signal, and the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the qth frequency domain unit and the gth time domain unit in the time-frequency resource occupied by the third signal, where q is an integer greater than or equal to 1. Here, i is an integer greater than or equal to 1, g is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and i and g are different. Here, k is an integer greater than or equal to 1, q is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and k and q are different.

[0215] Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 14, the second signal occupies a total of N1 frequency domain units and P1 time domain units, and the signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit, 1≤q≤N1, 1≤i≤P1. The third signal occupies a total of M1 frequency domain units and S1 time domain units, and the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the qth frequency domain unit and the g-th time domain unit, 1≤q≤M1, 1≤g≤S1. Among them, N1 is equal to or unequal to M1, and P1 is equal to or unequal to S1. N1 is an integer greater than 0, M1 is an integer greater than 0, P1 is an integer greater than 0, and S1 is an integer greater than 0. Optionally, the P1 time domain units occupied by the second signal are the same as or different from the S1 time domain units occupied by the third signal.

[0216] In some embodiments, the phase difference between the at least two signals is determined based on a conjugate multiplication result corresponding to the signals over a set of frequency components.

[0217] In some embodiments, the phase difference between the at least two signals is determined based on a first statistical value, where the first statistical value is an average, median, minimum, or maximum value of conjugate multiplication results corresponding to the signals on multiple groups of frequency components, where the multiple groups of frequency components are multiple groups of frequency components in the at least one group of frequency components.

[0218] In some embodiments, the conjugate multiplication results corresponding to the signals on a set of frequency components include the conjugate multiplication results of the signal on the first frequency component and the signal on the second frequency component.

[0219] In some embodiments, the signal on the first frequency component is determined based on one or more of the first signal amplitude, the first signal phase, the number of first Fourier transform points, and the value of k.

[0220] In some embodiments, the signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit in the frequency domain resources occupied by the second signal. Then, the first signal amplitude is the signal amplitude of the second signal in the kth frequency domain unit, the first signal phase is the signal phase of the second signal in the kth frequency domain unit, and the first Fourier transform point number is the fast Fourier transform (FFT) point number of the second signal.

[0221] In some embodiments, the signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the second signal. Then, the first signal amplitude is the signal amplitude of the second signal in the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit, the first signal phase is the signal phase of the second signal in the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit, and the first Fourier transform point number is the FFT point number of the second signal.

[0222] In some embodiments, the signal at the first frequency component is determined based on the product of the first signal amplitude and the first product. The first product is determined based on the value e and the first sum value. The first sum value is the sum of the second product and the third product. The second product is the product of the reciprocal of the number of first Fourier transform points, k, time, the value j, the value π, and 2. The third product is the product of the value j and the phase of the first signal.

[0223] In some embodiments, taking the kth frequency domain unit and the ith time domain unit in the time-frequency resource occupied by the second signal as an example, when the first signal is sent, the signal x1 on the first frequency component k,i It can be expressed as formula (1).

[0224] Among them, α k,i is the first signal amplitude, θ k,i is the first signal phase, N fft is the number of points of the first Fourier transform. t is the time when the first device sends the first signal, and for ease of calculation, it can be assumed that t=0.

[0225] In some embodiments, taking the kth frequency domain unit and the ith time domain unit in the time-frequency resource occupied by the second signal as an example, when the first signal is received, the signal y1 on the first frequency component is k,i It can be expressed as formula (2).

[0226] Among them, α k,i is the first signal amplitude, θ k,i is the first signal phase, N fft h1 is the number of the first Fourier transform points. k,i is the channel coefficient corresponding to the channel carrying the second signal. Assume that time is T, T represents the time when the second device receives the first signal, T = d / v c , where v c is the speed of light, and d is the distance between the first device and the second device.

[0227] In some embodiments, the signal on the second frequency component is determined based on one or more of the second signal amplitude, the second signal phase, the first frequency interval, the number of second Fourier transform points, and the value of k.

[0228] In some embodiments, the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit in the frequency domain resources occupied by the third signal. Then, the second signal amplitude is the signal amplitude of the third signal in the kth frequency domain unit, the second signal phase is the signal phase of the third signal in the kth frequency domain unit, the second Fourier transform point number is the FFT point number of the third signal, and the first frequency interval is the frequency interval between the kth frequency domain unit of the third signal and the kth frequency domain unit of the second signal.

[0229] In some embodiments, the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the third signal. Then, the second signal amplitude is the signal amplitude of the third signal in the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit, the second signal phase is the signal phase of the third signal in the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit, the second Fourier transform point number is the FFT point number of the third signal, and the first frequency interval is the frequency interval between the kth frequency domain unit of the third signal and the kth frequency domain unit of the second signal.

[0230] The situation where the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the qth frequency domain unit and / or the gth time domain unit in the time-frequency resource occupied by the third signal is similar to the above content and will not be repeated here.

[0231] In some embodiments, the second frequency component is determined based on the product of the second signal amplitude and a fourth product. The fourth product is determined based on the value e and the second sum value. The second sum value is the sum of the fifth product and the sixth product. The fifth product is the product of the reciprocal of the second Fourier transform point number, the time, the value j, the values ​​π, 2, k, and the sum of the first frequency interval. The sixth product is the product of the value j and the phase of the second signal.

[0232] In some embodiments, taking the kth frequency domain unit and the ith time domain unit in the time-frequency resource occupied by the third signal as an example, when the first signal is sent, the signal x2 on the second frequency component k,i It can be expressed as formula (3).

[0233] Among them, α k,i is the second signal amplitude, θ k,i is the second signal phase, N fft is the number of second Fourier transform points. t is the time when the first device sends the first signal, which can be assumed to be t=0 for ease of calculation. Δk is the first frequency interval. Exemplarily, Δk is the number of subcarriers between the kth frequency domain unit of the third signal and the kth frequency domain unit of the second signal.

[0234] In some embodiments, taking the kth frequency domain unit and the ith time domain unit in the time-frequency resource occupied by the third signal as an example, when receiving the first signal, the signal y2 on the second frequency component is k,i It can be expressed as formula (4).

[0235] Among them, α k,i is the second signal amplitude, θ k,i is the second signal phase, N fft is the number of points of the second Fourier transform. Assume that time is T, T represents the time when the second device receives the first signal. h2 k,i is the channel coefficient corresponding to the channel carrying the third signal. Δk is the first frequency interval, and illustratively, Δk is the number of subcarriers between the kth frequency domain unit of the third signal and the kth frequency domain unit of the second signal.

[0236] In some embodiments, the phase difference between at least two signals is determined based on the conjugate multiplication results corresponding to the signals on a set of frequency components, that is, the phase difference between at least two signals is determined based on the conjugate multiplication results of the signal on the first frequency component and the signal on the second frequency component.

[0237] The conjugate multiplication result of the signal on the first frequency component and the signal on the second frequency component is obtained by performing conjugate multiplication based on formula (2) and formula (4). The conjugate multiplication result can be expressed as formula (5).

[0238] If the channel carrying the second signal is similar to the channel carrying the third signal, then assume h1 k,i ≈h2 k,i , the conjugate multiplication result can be expressed as formula (6).

[0239] Through phase difference Then d can be calculated.

[0240] In some embodiments, the phase difference between at least two signals is determined based on the conjugate multiplication results corresponding to the signals on the multiple frequency components. Then, the above calculation principle can be applied to the signals on the multiple frequency components in the second signal and the third signal to calculate multiple phase differences. After mathematical processing, a first statistical value is obtained, and d can be calculated based on the first statistical value. Exemplarily, the first statistical value is an average value, a maximum value, a minimum value, or a median value.

[0241] Optionally, the multiple groups of frequency components may correspond to some frequency domain units and / or some time domain units in the second signal, that is, some frequency domain units and / or some time domain units are selected in the second signal for calculating the distance d.

[0242] Optionally, the multiple groups of frequency components may correspond to some frequency domain units and / or some time domain units in the third signal, that is, some frequency domain units and / or some time domain units are selected from the third signal to calculate the distance d.

[0243] Optionally, the multiple groups of frequency components may correspond to all frequency domain units and / or all time domain units in the second signal, that is, all frequency domain units and / or all time domain units in the second signal are traversed to calculate the distance d.

[0244] Optionally, the multiple groups of frequency components may correspond to all frequency domain units and / or all time domain units in the third signal, that is, all frequency domain units and / or all time domain units in the third signal are traversed to calculate the distance d.

[0245] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG15 , the second signal occupies a total of 4 frequency domain units and 7 time domain units, and the third signal occupies a total of 4 frequency domain units and 7 time domain units. The second signal and the third signal can be divided into a total of 28 groups of signals on frequency components. Exemplarily, the first group of frequency components corresponds to the first frequency domain unit and the first time domain unit in the second signal, and the first frequency domain unit and the first time domain unit in the third signal. The second group of frequency components corresponds to the first frequency domain unit and the second time domain unit in the second signal, and the first frequency domain unit and the second time domain unit in the third signal… The 28th group of frequency components corresponds to the fourth frequency domain unit and the seventh time domain unit in the second signal, and the fourth frequency domain unit and the seventh time domain unit in the third signal.

[0246] Then, the frequency components used to calculate the distance d can be multiple groups of frequency components selected according to a certain pattern or randomly from the 28 groups of frequency components. Alternatively, the frequency components used to calculate the distance d are the 28 groups of frequency components.

[0247] It is understood that the greater the number of frequency component groups used to calculate the distance d, the higher the accuracy of the phase difference obtained by the first statistical value, and the more accurate the calculation result of the distance d. However, considering issues such as computational complexity, resource consumption, and power consumption, the number of frequency component groups used to calculate the distance d can be appropriately reduced or limited to reduce the computational complexity and amount of computation of the second device, saving power consumption and resources. The embodiments shown in this application do not limit the number of frequency component groups used to calculate the distance d, and this number can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0248] In some embodiments, taking into account possible offsets in the time and frequency domains during signal transmission, the first signal may be compensated in the time and frequency domains before obtaining the conjugate multiplication results corresponding to the signals on the set of frequency components. After determining the actual time-frequency position of the first signal, the phase difference between the at least two signals is obtained based on the conjugate multiplication results corresponding to the signals on the set of frequency components.

[0249] Other related contents in step 830 can be referred to step 710 and will not be repeated here.

[0250] In summary, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for achieving positioning and / or ranging through phase difference, and the positioning results and / or ranging results obtained have high accuracy and are simple to implement. Even if the capability of the first device is relatively weak, such as when the first device is a zero-power device, even if the zero-power device has problems such as narrow supported bandwidth, poor stability and accuracy, high-precision positioning and / or ranging can be achieved through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application. In addition, the first signaling is supported to trigger the sending of the first signal and / or configure the transmission parameters of the first signal, so that the sending of the first signal is more in line with the overall needs within the communication system.

[0251] Because the design of the first signal is relatively simple, transmission resources required for positioning and / or ranging can be saved. In particular, when the first device is a zero-power device, since the power consumption of the zero-power device is low or even zero, the overall power consumption required for positioning and / or ranging can be significantly reduced, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the communication system.

[0252] Moreover, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application has high flexibility, supporting both the positioning and / or ranging of the first device through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application and the positioning and / or ranging of the second device through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0253] FIG16 shows a schematic flow chart of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method is performed by a second device and includes:

[0254] Step 910: Receive a first signal, where the first signal includes at least two signals, and a phase difference between the at least two signals is used for positioning and / or ranging.

[0255] In some embodiments, the second device is implemented as the network device 110 as shown in FIG. 1 , or is implemented as the terminal device 130 as shown in FIG. 1 , or is implemented as the network device 110 as shown in FIG. 2 .

[0256] In some embodiments, the first signal is called a positioning reference signal, or a positioning assistance signal, or a reference signal.

[0257] In some embodiments, the sender of the first signal is a first device, and the receiver of the second signal is a second device.

[0258] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, "at least two signals" can be relative to the sender of the first signal (ie, the first device), or relative to the receiver of the first signal (such as the second device).

[0259] In some embodiments, "at least two signals" refers to a first device. When the first device transmits a first signal, the first signal includes at least two signals, which can also be understood as including at least two sub-signals, at least two signal segments, or at least two signal portions. Therefore, the phase difference between at least two signals can also be understood as the phase difference between at least two sub-signals, at least two signal segments, or at least two signal portions.

[0260] In some embodiments, "at least two signals" refers to a first device. A first signal is a collective term for at least two signals, where the at least two signals are related but independent. The first device sends the first signal, that is, the first device sends at least two related signals.

[0261] In some embodiments, the association of the at least two signals is reflected in one or more of the following aspects: the at least two signals correspond to the same positioning result; the at least two signals correspond to the same ranging result; the at least two signals correspond to the same positioning task; the at least two signals correspond to the same ranging task; the at least two signals are repeated signals; the time domain resources occupied by the at least two signals are the same; the at least two signals belong to the same first signal.

[0262] In some embodiments, "at least two signals" refers to a second device. When the first device transmits a first signal, it does not include at least two signals; the second device divides the first signal into at least two signals. Therefore, the phase difference between the at least two signals can also be understood as the phase difference between the at least two signals obtained by dividing the first signal by the second device, or the phase difference between the at least two signal segments obtained by dividing the first signal by the second device, or the phase difference between the at least two signal portions obtained by dividing the first signal by the second device.

[0263] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, positioning / ranging can be relative to the sender of the first signal (ie, the first device) or relative to the receiver of the first signal (such as the second device).

[0264] In some embodiments, the second device obtains a phase difference between at least two signals, obtains a positioning result of the first device based on the phase difference, and / or obtains a distance between the first device and the second device based on the phase difference.

[0265] In some embodiments, the second device obtains a phase difference between at least two signals, obtains a positioning result of the second device itself based on the phase difference, and / or obtains a distance between the second device and the first device based on the phase difference.

[0266] In summary, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application supports positioning and / or ranging through phase difference, has high positioning accuracy and / or measurement accuracy, and is simple to implement. Since the calculation principle of the phase difference is simple, the solution for positioning and / or ranging through phase difference is highly robust and is little affected by the signal transmission quality and signal structure. Even if the capability of the first device is relatively weak, such as when the first device is a zero-power device, there may be problems such as narrow supported bandwidth, poor stability and accuracy, and the method provided in the embodiment of the present application can still achieve high-precision positioning and / or ranging.

[0267] Because the design of the first signal is relatively simple, transmission resources required for positioning and / or ranging can be saved. In particular, when the first device is a zero-power device, since the power consumption of the zero-power device is low or even zero, the overall power consumption required for positioning and / or ranging can be significantly reduced, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the communication system.

[0268] In some embodiments, step 910 may be implemented as step 1030. Optionally, in addition to step 1030, the signal transmission method may further include step 1010 and / or step 1050, as shown in FIG17 .

[0269] FIG17 is a schematic flow chart of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method is performed by a second device and includes:

[0270] Step 1010: Send or receive a first signaling.

[0271] In some embodiments, the second device sends a first signaling, where the first signaling is used to trigger the first device to send a first signal and / or to configure transmission parameters of the first signal.

[0272] In some embodiments, the second device sends a first signaling for configuring a transmission parameter of the first signal and for triggering the first device to send the first signal.

[0273] Exemplarily, the RRC signaling or MAC CE sent by the second device is used to configure all transmission parameters of the first signal, and the sent DCI is used to trigger the first device to send the first signal.

[0274] Exemplarily, the RRC signaling or MAC CE sent by the second device is used to configure the first part of the transmission parameters of the first signal, and the sent DCI is used to trigger the first device to send the first signal and to configure the second part of the transmission parameters of the first signal.

[0275] Exemplarily, the RRC signaling sent by the second device is used to configure the first part of the transmission parameters of the first signal, the MAC CE sent is used to configure the second part of the transmission parameters of the first signal, and the DCI sent is used to trigger the first device to send the first signal.

[0276] In some embodiments, the second device receives first signaling, where the first signaling is sent by a network device and is used to configure transmission parameters of the first signal.

[0277] In some embodiments, the second device receives and / or measures the first signal based on the received first signaling.

[0278] For other related contents, please refer to step 810 and will not be repeated here.

[0279] Step 1030: Receive a first signal, where the first signal includes at least two signals, and a phase difference between the at least two signals is used for positioning and / or ranging.

[0280] In some embodiments, referring to step 910, step 830, and step 1030, the "at least two signals" mentioned may also be understood as "at least two sub-signals," "at least two signal portions," or "at least two signal segments." Similarly, the "phase difference between at least two signals" mentioned in step 1030 may also be understood as "the phase difference between at least two sub-signals," "the phase difference between at least two signal portions," or "the phase difference between at least two signal segments."

[0281] In some embodiments, the phase difference between the at least two signals is determined based on the signals on at least one set of frequency components, wherein the set of frequency components includes a first frequency component and a second frequency component.

[0282] In some embodiments, the phase difference between the at least two signals is determined based on a conjugate multiplication result corresponding to the signals over a set of frequency components.

[0283] In some embodiments, the phase difference between the at least two signals is determined based on a first statistical value, where the first statistical value is an average, median, minimum, or maximum value of conjugate multiplication results corresponding to the signals on multiple groups of frequency components, where the multiple groups of frequency components are multiple groups of frequency components in the at least one group of frequency components.

[0284] In some embodiments, the conjugate multiplication results corresponding to the signals on a set of frequency components include the conjugate multiplication results of the signal on the first frequency component and the signal on the second frequency component.

[0285] For other related contents, please refer to step 830 and step 910, which will not be repeated here.

[0286] Step 1050: Obtain positioning results and / or ranging results based on the phase difference between at least two signals.

[0287] Refer to the above formulas (1) to (6), through the phase difference The distance d can be calculated. The distance d belongs to the positioning result and / or the ranging result. It can also be understood that the positioning result and / or the ranging result refers to the distance d.

[0288] In some embodiments, taking into account possible offsets in the time and frequency domains during signal transmission, the first signal may be compensated in the time and frequency domains before obtaining the conjugate multiplication results corresponding to the signals on the set of frequency components. After determining the actual time-frequency position of the first signal, the phase difference between the at least two signals is obtained based on the conjugate multiplication results corresponding to the signals on the set of frequency components.

[0289] Exemplarily, the second device uses a locally generated fourth signal to perform correlation detection with the received first signal to obtain a correlation detection result, compensates the first signal in the time domain and / or frequency domain based on the correlation detection result, and searches for the actual time-frequency position of the first signal.

[0290] Exemplarily, the second device performs envelope detection on the received first signal using a locally generated fourth signal to obtain an envelope detection result, performs time domain compensation on the first signal based on the envelope detection result, and searches for the actual time domain position of the first signal.

[0291] Based on the actual time-frequency position of the first signal, the aforementioned process of obtaining the phase difference and distance is performed to avoid problems that may be caused by the time-frequency offset.

[0292] For other related contents, please refer to step 830 and will not be repeated here.

[0293] It should be noted that step 1010 is an optional step and step 1050 is an optional step.

[0294] Each of the above steps can be implemented separately, for example, step 1010 can be implemented separately as a signaling transmission method, for example, step 1030 can be implemented separately as a signal transmission method, and for example, step 1050 can be implemented separately as a positioning method or a ranging method.

[0295] The above steps can be freely combined, for example, step 1010 and step 1030 are combined to implement a signal transmission method, or step 1030 and step 1050 are combined to implement a positioning method or a ranging method, or step 1010, step 1030 and step 1050 are combined to implement a positioning method or a ranging method.

[0296] The execution order of the above steps can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0297] In summary, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for achieving positioning and / or ranging through phase difference, and the positioning results and / or ranging results obtained have high accuracy and are simple to implement. Even if the capability of the first device is relatively weak, such as when the first device is a zero-power device, even if the zero-power device has problems such as narrow supported bandwidth, poor stability and accuracy, high-precision positioning and / or ranging can be achieved through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application. In addition, the first signaling is supported to trigger the sending of the first signal and / or configure the transmission parameters of the first signal, so that the sending of the first signal is more in line with the overall needs within the communication system.

[0298] Because the design of the first signal is relatively simple, transmission resources required for positioning and / or ranging can be saved. In particular, when the first device is a zero-power device, since the power consumption of the zero-power device is low or even zero, the overall power consumption required for positioning and / or ranging can be significantly reduced, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the communication system.

[0299] Moreover, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application has high flexibility, supporting both the positioning and / or ranging of the first device through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application and the positioning and / or ranging of the second device through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0300] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, wherein the method is performed by a first device and a second device.

[0301] Zero-power device 181 sends a first signal to network device 182. The first signal includes at least two signals. Network device 182 measures the at least two signals to obtain a phase difference between the at least two signals. Based on the phase difference, one or more of the following is achieved: locating zero-power device 181, locating network device 182, and obtaining a distance between network device 182 and zero-power device 181.

[0302] Optionally, before zero-power device 181 sends the first signal to network device 182, network device 182 sends a first signaling to zero-power device 181. Optionally, the first signaling is used to configure transmission parameters of the first signal and to trigger the sending of the first signal. For details, please refer to steps 830 and 1030 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0303] FIG19 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, wherein the method is performed by a first device and a second device.

[0304] STA 183 sends a first signal to AP 184. The first signal includes at least two signals. AP 184 measures the at least two signals to obtain a phase difference between the at least two signals, and implements one or more of the following based on the phase difference: locating STA 183, locating AP 184, and obtaining a distance between AP 184 and STA 183.

[0305] Optionally, before STA 183 sends the first signal to AP 184, AP 184 sends a first signaling to STA 183. Optionally, the first signaling is used to configure transmission parameters of the first signal and to trigger the sending of the first signal. For details, please refer to steps 830 and 1030 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0306] Figure 20 shows a schematic diagram of a signal transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, which is performed by a first device, a second device, and a network device. For example, the first device is a zero-power device 181, the second device is a terminal device 185, and the third device is a network device 182.

[0307] Zero-power-consumption device 181 sends a first signal to terminal device 185. The first signal includes at least two signals. Terminal device 185 measures the at least two signals, obtains a phase difference between the at least two signals, and implements one or more of the following based on the phase difference: locates zero-power-consumption device 181, locates terminal device 185, and obtains the distance between terminal device 185 and zero-power-consumption device 181.

[0308] Optionally, before zero-power device 181 sends the first signal to terminal device 185, network device 182 sends a first signaling to zero-power device 181. Optionally, the first signaling is used to configure transmission parameters of the first signal and to trigger the sending of the first signal. For details, please refer to steps 830 and 1030 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0309] Optionally, the network device 182 sends a first signaling to the terminal device 185. Optionally, the first signaling is used to configure transmission parameters of the first signal to facilitate the terminal device 185 to receive and / or measure the first signal. For details, please refer to steps 830 and 1030 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0310] FIG21 shows a block diagram of a signal transmission device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The device can be implemented as a first device as shown in FIG7 , FIG8 , FIG18 , FIG19 , or FIG20 , or as a part of a first device as shown in FIG7 , FIG8 , FIG18 , FIG19 , or FIG20 . The first device can be implemented as the network device 110 as shown in FIG1 , or as the terminal device 120 as shown in FIG1 , or as the terminal device 120 that is a zero-power device as shown in FIG2 . The device includes a sending module 2110 . Optionally, the device also includes a receiving module 2130 .

[0311] The sending module 2110 is configured to send a first signal, where the first signal includes at least two signals, and a phase difference between the at least two signals is used for positioning and / or ranging.

[0312] In some embodiments, the at least two signals are repeated signals at different frequency positions; or, the at least two signals are different signals at different frequency positions.

[0313] In some embodiments, the at least two signals include a second signal and a third signal, and there is a frequency interval or no frequency interval between the second signal and the third signal;

[0314] The second signal is any one of the at least two signals, and the third signal is a signal adjacent to the second signal among the at least two signals.

[0315] In some embodiments, the respective frequency intervals present in the at least two signals are equal or unequal.

[0316] In some embodiments, the frequency interval is agreed upon by a communication protocol, configured by a network device, or determined by negotiation between the apparatus and the second device.

[0317] In some embodiments, the at least two signals are identical in at least one of the following aspects: bandwidth size; number of occupied PRBs; number of occupied subcarriers; time domain length; time domain starting position; time domain ending position; and number of occupied time domain units.

[0318] In some embodiments, the at least two signals include a pilot signal, and / or a data signal, and / or a reference signal.

[0319] In some embodiments, the phase difference between the at least two signals is determined based on signals on at least one set of frequency components; one set of frequency components in the at least one set of frequency components includes a first frequency component and a second frequency component.

[0320] In some embodiments, the at least two signals include a second signal and a third signal; the signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit in the frequency domain resources occupied by the second signal, and the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit in the frequency domain resources occupied by the third signal, where k is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0321] In some embodiments, the at least two signals include a second signal and a third signal; the signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the second signal, and the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the third signal, where k is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and i is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0322] In some embodiments, the at least two signals include a second signal and a third signal; the signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the second signal, and the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the j-th time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the third signal, k is an integer greater than or equal to 1, i is an integer greater than or equal to 1, j is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and i and j are different.

[0323] In some embodiments, the phase difference between the at least two signals is determined based on the conjugate multiplication results corresponding to the signals on the set of frequency components; or, the phase difference between the at least two signals is determined based on a first statistical value, which is the average value, median value, minimum value, or maximum value of the conjugate multiplication results corresponding to the signals on multiple groups of frequency components, and the multiple groups of frequency components are multiple groups of frequency components in the at least one group of frequency components.

[0324] In some embodiments, the conjugate multiplication results corresponding to the signals on the set of frequency components include the conjugate multiplication results of the signal on the first frequency component and the signal on the second frequency component.

[0325] In some embodiments, the second signal includes a first signal segment and the third signal includes a second signal segment; or, the second signal includes a first signal portion and the third signal includes a second signal portion; or, the second signal includes a first sub-signal and the third signal includes a second sub-signal.

[0326] In some embodiments, the device further includes a receiving module 2130 for receiving a first signaling; wherein the first signaling is used to trigger the device to send the first signal, and / or the first signaling is used to configure transmission parameters of the first signal.

[0327] In some embodiments, the transmission parameters of the first signal include at least one of the following: the bandwidth of the first signal; the bandwidth of the at least two signals; the frequency interval between the at least two signals; the time domain length of the first signal; the time domain starting position of the first signal; the time domain ending position of the first signal; the number of time domain units occupied by the first signal; and the sending period of the first signal.

[0328] In some embodiments, the channel carrying the first signaling is scrambled by a first RNTI; wherein the first RNTI is used to identify that the first signaling is related to positioning and / or ranging.

[0329] In some embodiments, the first signaling includes a first information field, and a bit value of the first information field is a first value; wherein the first value is used to identify that the first signaling is related to positioning and / or ranging.

[0330] In some embodiments, the type of the first signaling includes one of the following: DCI; RRC signaling; MAC CE.

[0331] In some embodiments, the waveform of the first signal comprises one of the following: an OFDM waveform; a DFT-s-OFDM waveform; a triangular waveform; a square waveform; a pulse waveform; or a continuous waveform.

[0332] In some embodiments, the apparatus includes at least one of: a zero-power device; a low-power device; an A-IOT device; a passive Internet of Things device; a STA; or a first UE.

[0333] In some embodiments, the second device includes at least one of the following: a network device; an AP; a second UE.

[0334] In some embodiments, the sending module 2110 is used to perform one or more of the following steps: step 710 and step 830.

[0335] In some embodiments, the receiving module 2130 is used to execute step 810.

[0336] In summary, the device provided in the embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for achieving positioning and / or ranging through phase difference, and the obtained positioning results and / or ranging results have high accuracy and are simple to implement. Even if the capability of the present device is relatively weak, such as there are problems such as narrow supported bandwidth, poor stability and accuracy, high-precision positioning and / or ranging can be achieved. In addition, the first signaling is supported to trigger the sending of the first signal and / or configure the transmission parameters of the first signal, so that the sending of the first signal is more in line with the overall needs within the communication system.

[0337] Because the design of the first signal is relatively simple, it can save transmission resources required for positioning and / or ranging. In particular, when the apparatus is a zero-power device, since the power consumption of a zero-power device is low or even zero, it significantly reduces the overall power consumption required for positioning and / or ranging, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the communication system.

[0338] Moreover, it supports both positioning and / or ranging of the first device through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, and also supports positioning and / or ranging of the second device through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, and has high flexibility.

[0339] FIG22 shows a block diagram of a signal transmission device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The device may be implemented as a second device as shown in FIG16 , FIG17 , FIG18 , FIG19 , or FIG20 , or may be implemented as a portion of a second device as shown in FIG16 , FIG17 , FIG18 , FIG19 , or FIG20 . The second device may be implemented as the network device 110 as shown in FIG1 , or as the terminal device 130 as shown in FIG1 , or as the network device 110 as shown in FIG2 . The device includes a receiving module 2210 . Optionally, the device also includes a sending module 2230 and / or a processing module 2250 .

[0340] The receiving module 2210 is configured to receive a first signal, where the first signal includes at least two signals, and a phase difference between the at least two signals is used for positioning and / or ranging.

[0341] In some embodiments, the phase difference between the at least two signals is determined based on signals on at least one set of frequency components; one set of frequency components in the at least one set of frequency components includes a first frequency component and a second frequency component.

[0342] In some embodiments, the at least two signals include a second signal and a third signal; the signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit in the frequency domain resources occupied by the second signal, and the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit in the frequency domain resources occupied by the third signal; wherein k is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0343] In some embodiments, the at least two signals include a second signal and a third signal; the signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the second signal, and the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the third signal; wherein k is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and i is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0344] In some embodiments, the at least two signals include a second signal and a third signal; the signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the second signal, and the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the j-th time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the third signal; wherein k is an integer greater than or equal to 1, i is an integer greater than or equal to 1, j is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and i and j are different.

[0345] In some embodiments, the phase difference between the at least two signals is determined based on the conjugate multiplication results corresponding to the signals on the set of frequency components; or, the phase difference between the at least two signals is determined based on a first statistical value, which is the average value, median value, minimum value, or maximum value of the conjugate multiplication results corresponding to the signals on multiple groups of frequency components, and the multiple groups of frequency components are multiple groups of frequency components in the at least one group of frequency components.

[0346] In some embodiments, the conjugate multiplication results corresponding to the signals on the set of frequency components include the conjugate multiplication results of the signal on the first frequency component and the signal on the second frequency component.

[0347] In some embodiments, the at least two signals are repeated signals at different frequency positions; or, the at least two signals are different signals at different frequency positions.

[0348] In some embodiments, the at least two signals include a second signal and a third signal, and there is a frequency interval or no frequency domain interval between the second signal and the third signal; wherein the second signal is any one of the at least two signals, and the third signal is a signal of the at least two signals adjacent to the second signal.

[0349] In some embodiments, the respective frequency intervals present in the at least two signals are equal or unequal.

[0350] In some embodiments, the frequency interval is agreed upon by a communication protocol, configured by a network device, or determined by negotiation between the first device and the apparatus.

[0351] In some embodiments, the at least two signals are identical in at least one of the following aspects: bandwidth size; number of occupied PRBs; number of occupied subcarriers; time domain length; time domain starting position; time domain ending position; and number of occupied time domain units.

[0352] In some embodiments, the at least two signals include a pilot signal, and / or a data signal, and / or a reference signal.

[0353] In some embodiments, the receiving module 2210 is used to receive a first signaling; wherein, the first signaling is used to trigger the first device to send the first signal, and / or, the first signaling is used to configure transmission parameters of the first signal.

[0354] In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes a sending module 2230 for sending a first signaling; wherein the first signaling is used to trigger the first device to send the first signal, and / or the first signaling is used to configure transmission parameters of the first signal.

[0355] In some embodiments, the transmission parameters of the first signal include at least one of the following: the bandwidth of the first signal; the bandwidth of the at least two signals; the frequency interval between the at least two signals; the time domain length of the first signal; the time domain starting position of the first signal; the time domain ending position of the first signal; the number of time domain units occupied by the first signal; and the sending period of the first signal.

[0356] In some embodiments, the channel carrying the first signaling is scrambled by a first RNTI; wherein the first RNTI is used to identify that the first signaling is related to positioning and / or ranging.

[0357] In some embodiments, the first signaling includes a first information field, and a bit value of the first information field is a first value; wherein the first value is used to identify that the first signaling is related to positioning and / or ranging.

[0358] In some embodiments, the type of the first signaling includes one of the following: DCI; RRC signaling; MAC CE.

[0359] In some embodiments, the waveform of the first signal comprises one of the following: an OFDM waveform; a DFT-s-OFDM waveform; a triangular waveform; a square waveform; a pulse waveform; or a continuous waveform.

[0360] In some embodiments, the first device includes at least one of the following: a zero-power device; a low-power device; an A-IOT device; a passive Internet of Things device; a STA; or a first UE.

[0361] In some embodiments, the apparatus comprises at least one of: a network device; an AP; a second UE.

[0362] In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes a processing module 2250 configured to obtain a positioning result and / or a ranging result based on the phase difference between the at least two signals.

[0363] In some embodiments, the processing module 2250 is used to perform step 1050.

[0364] In some embodiments, the processing module 2250 is configured to determine a phase difference between the at least two signals based on signals on at least one set of frequency components.

[0365] In some embodiments, the receiving module 2210 is used to perform one or more of the following steps: step 910 , step 1030 , and step 1010 .

[0366] In some embodiments, the sending module 2230 is used to execute step 1010.

[0367] In summary, the device provided in the embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for achieving positioning and / or ranging through phase difference, and the obtained positioning results and / or ranging results have high accuracy and are simple to implement. Even if the capability of the first device is weak, such as there are problems such as narrow supported bandwidth, poor stability and accuracy, high-precision positioning and / or ranging can be achieved. In addition, the first signaling is supported to trigger the sending of the first signal and / or configure the transmission parameters of the first signal, so that the sending of the first signal is more in line with the overall needs within the communication system.

[0368] Because the design of the first signal is relatively simple, transmission resources required for positioning and / or ranging can be saved. In particular, when the first device is a zero-power device, since the power consumption of the zero-power device is low or even zero, the overall power consumption required for positioning and / or ranging can be significantly reduced, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the communication system.

[0369] Moreover, it supports both positioning and / or ranging of the first device through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, and also supports positioning and / or ranging of the second device through the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, and has high flexibility.

[0370] Figure 23 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 2300 provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, including a processor 2301, a receiver 2302, a transmitter 2303, a memory 2304, and a bus 2305. The communication device 2300 may be used to execute at least some of the steps executed by the first device shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, Figure 18, Figure 19, or Figure 23, or may be used to execute at least some of the steps executed by the second device shown in Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18, Figure 19, or Figure 23.

[0371] The processor 2301 includes one or more processing cores, and the processor 2301 executes various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules. In some embodiments, the processor 2301 can be used to implement the functions and steps of the processing module 2250 described above.

[0372] Receiver 2302 and transmitter 2303 can be implemented as a communication component, which can be a communication chip and is referred to as a transceiver. In some embodiments, receiver 2302 can be used to implement the functions and steps of receiving module 2130 and / or receiving module 2210 described above, and transmitter 2303 can be used to implement the functions and steps of transmitting module 2110 and / or transmitting module 2230 described above.

[0373] The memory 2304 is connected to the processor 2301 via a bus 2305 .

[0374] The memory 2304 may be used to store at least one instruction, and the processor 2301 may be used to execute the at least one instruction to implement each step in the above method embodiment.

[0375] In addition, the memory 2304 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof. Volatile or non-volatile storage devices include but are not limited to: magnetic disks or optical disks, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, and programmable read-only memory (PROM).

[0376] In some embodiments, the receiver 2302 receives signals / data independently, or the processor 2301 controls the receiver 2302 to receive signals / data, or the processor 2301 requests the receiver 2302 to receive signals / data, or the processor 2301 cooperates with the receiver 2302 to receive signals / data.

[0377] In some embodiments, the transmitter 2303 independently sends signals / data, or the processor 2301 controls the transmitter 2303 to send signals / data, or the processor 2301 requests the transmitter 2303 to send signals / data, or the processor 2301 cooperates with the transmitter 2303 to send signals / data.

[0378] FIG24 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 2400 provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, including a receiver 2410 and a transmitter 2420. The communication device 2400 may be configured to execute at least some of the steps executed by the first device shown in FIG7 , FIG8 , FIG18 , FIG19 , or FIG23 .

[0379] The receiver 2410 and the transmitter 2420 may be implemented as a communication component, which may be a communication chip and may be referred to as a transceiver.

[0380] In some embodiments, the receiver 2410 may be used to implement the functions and steps of the aforementioned receiving module 2130. Optionally, the receiver 2410 may be implemented as a first receiver 2411 and / or a second receiver 2412.

[0381] In some embodiments, the transmitter 2420 may be used to implement the functions and steps of the aforementioned sending module 2110. Optionally, the transmitter 2420 may be implemented as a first transmitter 2421 and / or a second transmitter 2422.

[0382] Optionally, the communication device 2400 may further include a processor 2430. The processor 2430 includes one or more processing cores, and the processor 2430 executes various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules.

[0383] Optionally, the communication device 2400 may further include a memory 2440. The memory 2440 may be configured to store at least one instruction, and the processor 2410 may be configured to execute the at least one instruction to implement the various steps in the above-described method embodiment. Furthermore, the memory 2440 may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device, or a combination thereof. Volatile or non-volatile storage devices include, but are not limited to, magnetic or optical disks, EEPROMs, EPROMs, SRAMs, ROMs, magnetic memories, flash memories, and PROMs.

[0384] Optionally, the communication device 2400 may further include a bus (not shown). Optionally, the memory 2440 is connected to the processor 2430 via a bus.

[0385] In some embodiments, the receiver 2410 receives signals / data independently, or the processor 2430 controls the receiver 2410 to receive signals / data, or the processor 2430 requests the receiver 2410 to receive signals / data, or the processor 2430 cooperates with the receiver 2410 to receive signals / data.

[0386] In some embodiments, the transmitter 2420 independently sends signals / data, or the processor 2430 controls the transmitter 2420 to send signals / data, or the processor 2430 requests the transmitter 2420 to send signals / data, or the processor 2430 cooperates with the transmitter 2420 to send signals / data.

[0387] In some embodiments, the first receiver 2411 is implemented as a wake-up receiver (WUR), and / or the second receiver 2412 is implemented as a main receiver.

[0388] In some embodiments, receiver 2410 is implemented as a combined receiver of a WUR and a main receiver.

[0389] In some embodiments, the first transmitter 2421 is implemented as a primary transmitter, and / or the second transmitter 2422 is implemented as a backscatter transmitter.

[0390] In some embodiments, transmitter 2420 is implemented as a combination transmitter of a main transmitter and a backscatter transmitter.

[0391] In some embodiments, the processor 2430 and the receiver 2410 may be implemented as one module, or the processor 2430 may be implemented as a part of the receiver 2410 .

[0392] In some embodiments, the processor 2430 and the transmitter 2420 may be implemented as one module, or the processor 2430 may be implemented as a part of the transmitter 2420 .

[0393] In some embodiments, the communication device 2400 includes one or more processors 2430 , and different processors are configured to execute the same or different steps in the above-mentioned processing-related steps.

[0394] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is further provided, in which at least one program is stored. The at least one program is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the signal transmission method provided by the above-mentioned various method embodiments.

[0395] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a chip is further provided, which includes a programmable logic circuit and / or program instructions. When the chip runs on a communication device, it is used to implement the signal transmission methods provided by the above-mentioned various method embodiments.

[0396] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a computer program product is further provided. When the computer program product is executed on a processor of a computer device, the computer device is enabled to execute the above-mentioned signal transmission method.

[0397] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a computer program is further provided. The computer program includes computer instructions. A processor of a computer device executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device executes the above-mentioned signal transmission method.

[0398] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps to implement the above embodiments may be accomplished by hardware, or may be accomplished by a program instructing the relevant hardware, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk, etc.

[0399] The above are merely optional embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A signal transmission method, characterized in that: The method is performed by a first device, and includes: A first signal is sent, where the first signal includes at least two signals, and a phase difference between the at least two signals is used for positioning and / or ranging.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The at least two signals are repeated signals at different frequency positions; Alternatively, the at least two signals are different signals at different frequency positions.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The at least two signals include a second signal and a third signal, and there is a frequency interval or no frequency domain interval between the second signal and the third signal; The second signal is any one of the at least two signals, and the third signal is a signal adjacent to the second signal among the at least two signals.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The frequency intervals existing in the at least two signals are equal or unequal.

5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The frequency interval is agreed upon by a communication protocol, configured by a network device, or determined by negotiation between the first device and the second device.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The at least two signals are identical in at least one of the following aspects: bandwidth size; number of occupied physical resource blocks (PRBs); number of occupied subcarriers; time domain length; time domain starting position; time domain ending position; and number of occupied time domain units.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The at least two signals include a pilot signal, and / or a data signal, and / or a reference signal.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The phase difference of the at least two signals is determined based on the signals on at least one set of frequency components; One set of frequency components in the at least one set of frequency components includes a first frequency component and a second frequency component.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The at least two signals include a second signal and a third signal; The signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit in the frequency domain resources occupied by the second signal, and the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit in the frequency domain resources occupied by the third signal, where k is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The at least two signals include a second signal and a third signal; The signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the second signal, and the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the third signal, where k is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and i is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

11. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The at least two signals include a second signal and a third signal; The signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the i-th time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the second signal, and the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the j-th time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the third signal, k is an integer greater than or equal to 1, i is an integer greater than or equal to 1, j is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and i and j are different.

12. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that: The phase difference of the at least two signals is determined based on the conjugate multiplication result corresponding to the signals on the set of frequency components; or, The phase difference of the at least two signals is determined based on a first statistical value, wherein the first statistical value is an average value, a median value, a minimum value, or a maximum value of conjugate multiplication results corresponding to the signals on multiple groups of frequency components, and the multiple groups of frequency components are multiple groups of frequency components in the at least one group of frequency components.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The conjugate multiplication results corresponding to the signals on the set of frequency components include the conjugate multiplication results of the signal on the first frequency component and the signal on the second frequency component.

14. The method according to claim 3 or 9 or 10 or 11, characterized in that: The second signal includes the first signal segment, and the third signal includes the second signal segment; or, The second signal includes the first signal portion, and the third signal includes the second signal portion; or, The second signal includes a first sub-signal, and the third signal includes a second sub-signal.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The method further comprises: receiving a first signaling; The first signaling is used to trigger the first device to send the first signal, and / or the first signaling is used to configure transmission parameters of the first signal.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The transmission parameters of the first signal include at least one of the following: the bandwidth of the first signal; the bandwidth of the at least two signals; the frequency interval between the at least two signals; the time domain length of the first signal; the time domain starting position of the first signal; the time domain ending position of the first signal; the number of time domain units occupied by the first signal; and the sending period of the first signal.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that The channel carrying the first signaling is scrambled by a first radio network temporary identifier RNTI; The first RNTI is used to identify that the first signaling is related to positioning and / or ranging.

18. The method according to claim 15, 16 or 17, characterized in that: The first signaling includes a first information field, and a bit value of the first information field is a first value; The first value is used to identify that the first signaling is related to positioning and / or ranging.

19. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that: The type of the first signaling includes one of the following: downlink control information DCI; radio resource control RRC signaling; medium access control MAC control element CE.

20. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that: The waveform of the first signal includes one of the following: an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform; a discrete Fourier transform spread spectrum orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) waveform; a triangular waveform; a square waveform; a pulse waveform; or a continuous waveform.

21. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that: The first device includes at least one of the following: Zero-power device; low-power device; A-IOT device; passive IoT device; STA site; first terminal device UE.

22. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that: The second device includes at least one of the following: Network device; access point AP; second terminal device UE.

23. A signal transmission method, characterized in that: The method is performed by a second device, and includes: A first signal is received, where the first signal includes at least two signals, and a phase difference between the at least two signals is used for positioning and / or ranging.

24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that The phase difference of the at least two signals is determined based on the signals on at least one set of frequency components; One set of frequency components in the at least one set of frequency components includes a first frequency component and a second frequency component.

25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that The at least two signals include a second signal and a third signal; The signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit in the frequency domain resources occupied by the second signal, and the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit in the frequency domain resources occupied by the third signal; Here, k is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

26. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that The at least two signals include a second signal and a third signal; The signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the ith time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the second signal, and the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the ith time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the third signal; Wherein, k is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and i is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

27. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that The at least two signals include a second signal and a third signal; The signal on the first frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the ith time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the second signal, and the signal on the second frequency component corresponds to the kth frequency domain unit and the jth time domain unit in the time-frequency resources occupied by the third signal; Wherein, k is an integer greater than or equal to 1, i is an integer greater than or equal to 1, j is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and i and j are different.

28. The method according to any one of claims 25 to 27, characterized in that: The phase difference of the at least two signals is determined based on the conjugate multiplication result corresponding to the signals on the set of frequency components; or, The phase difference of the at least two signals is determined based on a first statistical value, wherein the first statistical value is an average value, a median value, a minimum value, or a maximum value of conjugate multiplication results corresponding to the signals on multiple groups of frequency components, and the multiple groups of frequency components are multiple groups of frequency components in the at least one group of frequency components.

29. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that The conjugate multiplication results corresponding to the signals on the set of frequency components include the conjugate multiplication results of the signal on the first frequency component and the signal on the second frequency component.

30. The method according to any one of claims 23 to 29, characterized in that: The at least two signals are repeated signals at different frequency positions; Alternatively, the at least two signals are different signals at different frequency positions.

31. The method according to any one of claims 23 to 30, characterized in that The at least two signals include a second signal and a third signal, and there is a frequency interval or no frequency domain interval between the second signal and the third signal; The second signal is any one of the at least two signals, and the third signal is a signal adjacent to the second signal among the at least two signals.

32. The method according to any one of claims 23 to 31, characterized in that The frequency intervals existing in the at least two signals are equal or unequal.

33. The method according to claim 31 or 32, characterized in that The frequency interval is agreed upon by a communication protocol, configured by a network device, or determined by negotiation between the first device and the second device.

34. The method according to any one of claims 23 to 33, characterized in that: The at least two signals are identical in at least one of the following aspects: bandwidth size; number of occupied physical resource blocks (PRBs); number of occupied subcarriers; time domain length; time domain starting position; time domain ending position; and number of occupied time domain units.

35. The method according to any one of claims 23 to 34, characterized in that: The at least two signals include a pilot signal, and / or a data signal, and / or a reference signal.

36. The method according to claim 25, 26, 27 or 31, characterized in that: The second signal includes the first signal segment, and the third signal includes the second signal segment; or, The second signal includes the first signal portion, and the third signal includes the second signal portion; or, The second signal includes a first sub-signal, and the third signal includes a second sub-signal.

37. The method according to any one of claims 23 to 36, characterized in that The method further comprises: Sending or receiving a first signaling; The first signaling is used to trigger the first device to send the first signal, and / or the first signaling is used to configure transmission parameters of the first signal.

38. The method according to claim 37, characterized in that The transmission parameters of the first signal include at least one of the following: the bandwidth of the first signal; the bandwidth of the at least two signals; the frequency interval between the at least two signals; the time domain length of the first signal; the time domain starting position of the first signal; the time domain ending position of the first signal; the number of time domain units occupied by the first signal; and the sending period of the first signal.

39. The method according to claim 37 or 38, characterized in that The channel carrying the first signaling is scrambled by a first radio network temporary identifier RNTI; The first RNTI is used to identify that the first signaling is related to positioning and / or ranging.

40. The method according to claim 37, 38 or 39, characterized in that The first signaling includes a first information field, and a bit value of the first information field is a first value; The first value is used to identify that the first signaling is related to positioning and / or ranging.

41. The method according to any one of claims 37 to 40, characterized in that The type of the first signaling includes one of the following: downlink control information DCI; radio resource control RRC signaling; medium access control MAC control element CE.

42. The method according to any one of claims 23 to 41, characterized in that The waveform of the first signal includes one of the following: an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform; a discrete Fourier transform spread spectrum orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) waveform; a triangular waveform; a square waveform; a pulse waveform; or a continuous waveform.

43. The method according to any one of claims 23 to 42, characterized in that The first device includes at least one of the following: Zero-power device; low-power device; A-IOT device; passive IoT device; STA site; first terminal device UE.

44. The method according to any one of claims 23 to 43, characterized in that The second device includes at least one of the following: Network device; access point AP; second terminal device UE.

45. A signal transmission device, characterized in that: The device comprises: The sending module is used to send a first signal, where the first signal includes at least two signals, and the phase difference between the at least two signals is used for positioning and / or ranging.

46. ​​A signal transmission device, characterized in that: The device comprises: The receiving module is used to receive a first signal, where the first signal includes at least two signals, and the phase difference between the at least two signals is used for positioning and / or ranging.

47. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device comprises: processor; a receiver and / or transmitter connected to the processor; a memory for storing executable instructions for the processor; Wherein, the communication device is used to implement the signal transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 22, or any one of claims 23 to 44.

48. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device includes: a receiver and / or a transmitter; Wherein, the communication device is used to implement the signal transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 22.

49. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The readable storage medium stores executable instructions, which are loaded and executed by a processor to implement the signal transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 22 or any one of claims 23 to 44.

50. A chip, characterized in that: The chip includes a programmable logic circuit or a program, and the chip is used to implement the signal transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 22, or any one of claims 23 to 44.

51. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product includes computer instructions, which are stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device executes the signal transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 22, or any one of claims 23 to 44.

52. A computer program, characterized in that The computer program includes computer instructions, and the processor of the computer device executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device performs the signal transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 22, or any one of claims 23 to 44.

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