A method for repairing a compound matrix soil and dry-hot valley side slope

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of ecological restoration technology, and particularly relates to a kind of composite substrate soil and dry-hot valley slope restoration method. Wherein, the composite substrate soil includes 50%-70% of engineering slag, 10% of topsoil, 7.5%-35% of livestock and poultry manure, 7.5%-35% of microbial fertilizer, 4.5%-5% of biochar, 5% of crop straw and 0.3%-0.5% of polyvinylamide; in the composite substrate soil, the crop straw has abundant fiber and higher porosity, which can effectively increase the porosity of the composite substrate soil, reduce the bulk density of the composite substrate soil, make the composite substrate soil more loose and breathable, ensure the water permeability and water retention capacity of the composite substrate soil, and through the synergistic effect of microbial fertilizer, livestock and poultry manure, biochar and polyvinylamide, the mechanical composition of the composite substrate soil is optimized, the physicochemical properties of the engineering slag are comprehensively improved, so that the composite substrate soil can meet and be suitable for plant growth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ecological restoration technology, and specifically relates to a method for the restoration of composite matrix soil and dry-hot river valley slopes. Background Technology

[0002] Hot and dry valleys refer to river valleys characterized by high temperatures and low humidity, mostly distributed in tropical or subtropical regions. These valleys are rich in sunlight and heat, but suffer from hot, arid climates, severe soil erosion, and extremely fragile ecosystems, making them particularly vulnerable to natural disasters such as cold, drought, wind, insect infestations, grass damage, and fires. Furthermore, the soil in hot and dry valleys is infertile with a thin topsoil layer, lacking topsoil resources, exhibiting poor water retention, low vegetation cover, and an extremely fragile ecosystem.

[0003] Construction projects in arid and hot valleys generate a large amount of construction waste, also known as building waste. This includes construction debris, mud, waste from demolition, and renovation. Construction waste is characterized by high gravel content, abundant native soil, and poor texture, making it difficult to support vegetation growth. Furthermore, the large volume of earth and stone involved in construction waste makes its transportation (out of the arid and hot valley) costly. If construction waste is not transported out, it will accumulate in large quantities in the arid and hot valleys, causing serious damage to the local ecological environment and easily leading to soil erosion and desertification, further damaging the ecosystem of the arid and hot valleys. Therefore, the treatment of construction waste in arid and hot valleys has become an urgent problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method for repairing composite matrix soil and dry-hot valley slopes, in order to solve the technical problem that engineering waste in dry-hot valleys can cause serious damage to the local ecological environment in the prior art.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A composite matrix soil comprises 50%-70% engineering slag, 10% topsoil, 7.5%-35% livestock and poultry manure, 7.5%-35% microbial fertilizer, 4.5%-5% biochar, 5% crop straw, and 0.3%-0.5% polyvinylamide by mass.

[0007] A mixed matrix is ​​formed by mixing engineering waste, topsoil, livestock and poultry manure, microbial fertilizer, biochar, crop straw and polyvinylamide;

[0008] Add water to the mixed substrate to bring the moisture content of the mixed substrate to 20%-25%;

[0009] Stacking and aging.

[0010] To better realize the present invention, the above method is further optimized. Before mixing the engineering slag with topsoil, livestock and poultry manure, microbial fertilizer, biochar, crop straw and polyvinylamide, the engineering slag is crushed to make the particle size of the engineering slag less than 2mm, and the gravel in the engineering slag is screened out.

[0011] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for repairing arid and hot valley slopes, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Repair the slopes of the dry and hot river valleys that need to be treated;

[0013] The composite matrix soil described above is laid on the trimmed slope to form a matrix soil layer on the slope.

[0014] Dig planting holes in the substrate soil layer and sow plant seeds in the planting holes;

[0015] Water the planting hole and backfill with topsoil.

[0016] To better realize the present invention, the above method is further optimized by regularly maintaining the slope after backfilling the topsoil.

[0017] To better realize the present invention, the above method is further optimized, wherein the periodic maintenance includes initial maintenance, intermediate maintenance, and long-term maintenance; wherein,

[0018] Initial maintenance: Sprinkle water once a day, with a water volume of 5-8L / m², for 15 days;

[0019] Mid-term maintenance: Spray irrigation once every 3 days and apply liquid organic fertilizer for 30 days;

[0020] Long-term maintenance: Irrigate once a month during the dry season.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] The composite substrate soil provided by this invention contains crop straw, which has abundant fiber and high porosity. This effectively increases the porosity of the composite substrate soil, reduces its bulk density, and makes it more loose and breathable. This ensures the water permeability and water retention capacity of the composite substrate soil. Furthermore, through the synergistic effect of microbial fertilizer, livestock and poultry manure, biochar, and polyvinylamide, the mechanical composition of the composite substrate soil is optimized, and the physical and chemical properties of the engineering waste are comprehensively improved. As a result, the composite substrate soil can meet and be suitable for plant growth.

[0023] Using the aforementioned composite matrix soil for the restoration of dry-hot valley slopes can improve the ecological environment of dry-hot valley slopes and solve the problem of serious ecological damage caused by the large-scale stockpiling of engineering waste. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for repairing arid and hot valley slopes according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the growth status of plants grown from composite materials with multiple treatments in the comparative example.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the density range of composite materials under multiple treatments in the comparative example before planting.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the density range of composite materials after planting in multiple treatments in the comparative example.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the proportions of clay particles, powder particles, and sand particles in the composite materials of multiple treatments in the comparative example before planting.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the proportions of clay particles, powder particles, and sand particles in the composite materials of multiple treatments in the comparative example after planting.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a bar graph showing the organic matter content of composite materials in multiple treatments in the comparative example before planting.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a bar graph showing the organic matter content of composite materials after planting in multiple treatments in the comparative example.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a bar graph showing the alkaline nitrogen content of composite materials in multiple treatments in the comparative example before planting.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a bar graph showing the alkaline nitrogen content of composite materials from multiple treatments in the comparative example after planting.

[0035] Figure 11 This is a bar graph showing the effective phosphorus content of composite materials in multiple treatments in the comparative example before planting.

[0036] Figure 12 This is a bar graph showing the effective phosphorus content of composite materials after planting in multiple treatments in the comparative example.

[0037] Figure 13 This is a bar graph showing the available potassium content of composite materials in multiple treatments in the comparative example before planting.

[0038] Figure 14 This is a bar graph showing the available potassium content of composite materials after planting in multiple treatments in the comparative example. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figures 1 to 14 The composite matrix soil includes engineering waste, topsoil, livestock and poultry manure, microbial fertilizer, biochar, crop straw, and polyvinylamide; among which,

[0043] The engineering slag has a mass fraction of 50%-70%, topsoil has a mass fraction of 10%, livestock and poultry manure has a mass fraction of 7.5%-35%, microbial fertilizer has a mass fraction of 7.5%-35%, biochar has a mass fraction of 4.5%-5%, crop straw has a mass fraction of 5%, and polyvinylamide has a mass fraction of 0.3%-0.5%. The engineering slag, topsoil, livestock and poultry manure, microbial fertilizer, biochar, crop straw, and polyvinylamide are mixed evenly.

[0044] The specific preparation method includes the following steps:

[0045] A mixed matrix is ​​formed by mixing engineering waste, topsoil, livestock and poultry manure, microbial fertilizer, biochar, crop straw and polyvinylamide;

[0046] Add water to the mixed substrate to bring the moisture content of the mixed substrate to 20%-25%;

[0047] Stacking and aging.

[0048] Currently, engineering waste in arid and hot valley areas is mostly mixed directly with topsoil and laid on the slopes of arid and hot valleys as a soil matrix for later slope revegetation. However, this method often neglects in-depth research on the physicochemical properties of engineering waste and the adaptive screening of plants. Existing single improvement materials (engineering waste and topsoil) cannot effectively solve multiple problems such as compaction, barrenness and severe salinity of engineering waste, and it is difficult to fundamentally solve the problem of engineering waste improvement. Conventional ecological revegetation technology cannot solve the superimposed problems of high temperature, water shortage and nutrient loss in arid and hot valleys.

[0049] Another method for revegetation on slopes of arid and hot river valleys is the use of topsoil; however, this method has the following problems when implemented in arid and hot river valleys:

[0050] First, it requires a large amount of normal soil (soil purchased and transported from outside the dry-hot valley area). Long-distance transportation will generate high freight costs, greatly increasing the cost of revegetation.

[0051] Second, during the transportation of normal soil, road construction and other operations will further damage the ecological environment of the dry and hot valley. Moreover, the introduced normal soil may not be able to adapt to the special climate and soil conditions of the dry and hot valley, resulting in poor revegetation effect and low plant survival rate.

[0052] Based on the above issues, the crop straw in this composite substrate soil has abundant fiber and high porosity. After being mixed with engineering waste and topsoil, it can effectively increase the porosity of the composite substrate soil, reduce its bulk density, and make it more loose and breathable, thus ensuring its permeability and water retention capacity. In this embodiment, the bulk density of the composite substrate soil with added crop straw can be reduced by 47.6%, creating a good physical environment for plant root growth and promoting root penetration and expansion.

[0053] Microbial fertilizers can slowly release various essential nutrients for plant growth, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. This example uses alkaline-available nitrogen (also known as soil alkaline-available nitrogen or hydrolyzable nitrogen, which includes inorganic nitrogen (ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen) and easily hydrolyzable organic nitrogen (amino acids, acylammonium, and easily hydrolyzable proteins)) as an example. In composite substrate soil with added microbial fertilizer, the content of alkaline-available nitrogen can be increased by 614.7 mg / kg compared to when no microbial fertilizer was added. The content of available phosphorus and available potassium is also significantly increased, providing continuous nutrient support for plant growth and meeting the nutritional needs of plants at different growth stages.

[0054] Meanwhile, the mechanical composition of the composite matrix soil is optimized through the synergistic effect of microbial fertilizer, livestock and poultry manure, biochar and polyvinylamide. Specifically, livestock and poultry manure can regulate the particle distribution of the composite matrix soil and increase its agglomeration; biochar helps to improve the acid-base balance of the composite matrix soil and alleviate the potential salinization problem of engineering slag; and polyvinylamide plays an important role in the stability of the soil structure.

[0055] The combined effect of the aforementioned materials comprehensively improves the physical and chemical properties of the engineering waste, making it more suitable for plant growth. The overall improvement effect meets the relevant requirements stipulated in the "CJJ / T292-2018 Technical Standard for Slope Hydroseeding Greening Engineering".

[0056] The purpose of comprehensive utilization of engineering waste is to consume as much engineering waste as possible, solve the environmental pollution and safety hazards caused by the large-scale stockpiling of engineering waste, and at the same time bring more economic profits and ecological benefits to the dry-hot valley. Comprehensive utilization mainly has three directions: resource utilization, reduction and harmlessness.

[0057] The advantages of this composite matrix soil are as follows:

[0058] 1. Cost-effectiveness:

[0059] Compared to the imported soil method, this composite matrix soil greatly reduces the reliance on normal soil. By using local materials, such as livestock manure from local animal husbandry and crop straw from local planting, it significantly reduces transportation and material costs and enhances the comprehensive utilization of production and domestic waste. At the same time, due to its significant improvement effect, it can reduce subsequent maintenance costs and lower the overall cost.

[0060] 2. Significant improvement effect:

[0061] It can simultaneously solve multiple problems related to the lack of structure and inability to grow vegetation in engineering waste, thereby improving the germination rate and growth rate of plants. Taking a ryegrass planting experiment as an example, using this composite substrate soil, the germination rate of ryegrass increased by 67.4%, and the average plant height increased by 10.6 cm. The growth condition was significantly better than that of the local topsoil. In other words, the ryegrass planted in this composite substrate soil grew better than that planted in the topsoil of the dry and hot valley.

[0062] 3. Environmentally friendly and sustainable:

[0063] It realizes the resource utilization of engineering waste materials, disposes of engineering waste materials with a volume mass ratio of 50%-70% of topsoil, reduces the environmental pollution and safety hazards caused by the stockpiling of engineering waste materials, and meets the requirements of sustainable development.

[0064] Preferably, before mixing the engineering waste with topsoil, livestock and poultry manure, microbial fertilizer, biochar, crop straw, and polyvinylamide, the engineering waste is first crushed to make the particle size less than 2mm, so that the engineering waste can be mixed more evenly with the topsoil, livestock and poultry manure, microbial fertilizer, biochar, crop straw, and polyvinylamide during the mixing process; and after crushing, the waste is screened with a sieve (with a pore size of 2mm) to remove gravel.

[0065] During mixing, a mixing device (mixer) is used to ensure that the engineering slag, topsoil, livestock and poultry manure, microbial fertilizer, biochar, crop straw and polyvinylamide are mixed more evenly.

[0066] During the aging process, the aging time should be controlled within 7-10 days to better promote the integration of the above-mentioned materials and microbial activity, so that the prepared composite substrate soil can better meet the growth needs of plants.

[0067] In addition, this invention also provides a method for repairing hot and dry valley slopes, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The method includes the following steps:

[0068] The area to be treated is repaired. In this embodiment, the area to be treated is the slope of a dry and hot valley. The slope of the dry and hot valley is repaired. The repaired slope surface must be flat, free of loose soil and stones.

[0069] The composite matrix soil described above is evenly spread on the trimmed slope surface to form a matrix soil layer on the slope surface.

[0070] Planting holes are dug in the substrate soil layer, and plants are sown in the planting holes. In this embodiment, the plant seeds are ryegrass seeds.

[0071] Water the planting holes and backfill with topsoil to complete the restoration of the dry and hot valley slope.

[0072] It is worth noting that the topsoil is also the composite substrate soil provided in this embodiment. The composite substrate soil is backfilled into the planting hole, that is, the composite substrate soil is used to cover the plant seeds. Since it is located at the top layer of the planting hole, it is called the topsoil.

[0073] In some embodiments, after backfilling the topsoil, the slope is regularly maintained, that is, watered as needed, to ensure that the plants can grow normally.

[0074] Specifically, regular maintenance includes initial maintenance, intermediate maintenance, and long-term maintenance; among them,

[0075] Initial maintenance: Sprinkle water once a day, with a water volume of 5-8L / m², for 15 days;

[0076] Mid-term maintenance: Spray irrigation once every 3 days and apply liquid organic fertilizer (diluted to 5%) for 30 days;

[0077] Long-term maintenance: During the rainy season, rely on natural rainfall; during the dry season, irrigate once a month.

[0078] The timing of sprinkler irrigation for composite substrate soil can be adjusted according to seasonal changes. For example, in spring and autumn, sprinkler irrigation can be carried out from 8:00 to 10:00 in the morning and from 16:00 to 18:00 in the afternoon. In summer, to reduce evaporation loss, sprinkler irrigation can be carried out from 6:00 to 8:00 in the morning and from 18:00 to 20:00 in the afternoon. In winter, sprinkler irrigation can be carried out from 10:00 to 12:00 in the morning to avoid the adverse effects of low temperature on plant growth.

[0079] Comparative example:

[0080] This comparative example divides the composite matrix soil in the above examples into multiple groups (A1 to D6) according to different components and compares it with the control group (CK). The difference from the examples is that the engineering slag in the control group is not treated, that is, no materials are added.

[0081] Prepare engineering slag, livestock and poultry manure, microbial fertilizer, biochar, crop straw and polyvinylamide according to the proportions set in Table 1, and ensure that the quality of each material meets the relevant standards. Pre-treat the materials, such as crushing and screening, to ensure the uniformity and activity of the materials.

[0082] According to the formula in Table 1, put the various materials into the mixing equipment and use mechanical stirring to ensure that all materials in each group of treatments are fully mixed. The mixing time is uniformly set to 10 minutes to ensure that all materials in each group of treatments are evenly distributed and form a composite material with stable performance.

[0083] Table 1: Combinations of Various Materials .

[0084] The composite materials from multiple treatments were placed in several 24cm×30cm plastic pots for potted plant experiments, with three pots set up for each treatment.

[0085] Plants (ryegrass) were planted in composite materials with multiple treatments, and the physical properties (such as bulk density and mechanical composition), chemical properties (such as organic matter content and available nutrient content), and plant growth indicators (such as germination rate and plant height) of the composite materials were monitored regularly.

[0086] Pot experiments showed that composite materials with different components have a significant impact on the germination rate of plants. (See [link to relevant documentation]). Figures 2 to 14 ,in,

[0087] Plants grown in the composites of treatment 18 (C5) and treatment 20 (D1) germinated first, see [reference]. Figure 2 The treatments that germinated first (treatment 18 and treatment 20) were supplemented with microbial fertilizer, crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, biochar and polyvinyl amide, respectively, compared with treatment 1 (CK). This indicates that microbial fertilizer, crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, biochar and polyvinyl amide are beneficial to the development and growth of plant roots.

[0088] Four days after germination, the plants planted in the composite materials of treatments 18 and 20 were observed to germinate. Germination was also observed in the composite materials of treatments 6 (A5) and 7 (A6). Compared with treatments 18 and 20, it can be seen that different material components in different composite materials have different effects on the germination time of plants. Appropriate material application can promote plant growth.

[0089] The variation in average plant height is as follows Figure 2 As shown, different composite materials have a significant impact on plant height;

[0090] On the 24th day after planting, among the four treatments, the plant height in treatment 18 was the highest, reaching 15.6 cm, followed by treatment 20, with a plant height of 12.4 cm.

[0091] In treatments 6 and 7, the plant heights were 6.9 cm and 6.1 cm, respectively. This indicates that the addition of appropriate amounts of microbial fertilizer and straw can promote plant growth. Treatments 18, 20, 6, and 7 showed the best plant height performance, suggesting that among these four treatments, the composite material components were the optimal choice for plant growth.

[0092] In multiple treatments, the bulk density of the composite material (before planting) was as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the bulk density of all treatments ranged from 0.71 to 1.48 g / cm³. -3Between; among them,

[0093] The composite material in treatment 17 (C4) had the lowest bulk density, while the engineering slag in treatment 1 had the highest. Compared with treatment 1, the bulk density of the composite material in treatments 2 to 25 was significantly reduced, mainly due to the addition of straw. Generally, soil bulk density ranges from 1.1 to 1.4 g / cm³. -3 The composite materials in treatments 2 to 25 were all of the best quality, achieving optimal bulk density and being suitable for plant growth and development.

[0094] After planting, the bulk density of the composite materials in treatments 2 to 25 was as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the bulk density of the composite materials in treatments 2 to 25 mainly ranged from 0.71 to 1.55 g / cm³. -3 Compared to before planting, the bulk density of the composite material decreased in some treatments. This suggests that the decomposition of plant residues after planting releases organic matter, increasing the organic matter content of the composite material, thereby improving its structure and reducing its bulk density. In particular, the four treatments that used straw substrate showed relatively lower bulk density. This indicates that the addition of straw not only provides a source of organic matter but also promotes microbial activity, leading to the decomposition of organic matter and improvement of the composite material's structure, thus maintaining a suitable porosity and bulk density.

[0095] The bulk density of treatments 17 and 18 increased compared to before planting, which may be closely related to the physical changes of the composite material and the soil dynamics during plant growth.

[0096] Suitable bulk density is beneficial to plant growth. Therefore, using straw as a modifier for engineering slag not only effectively improves the physical properties of engineering slag and reduces its bulk density, but also provides more ideal growing conditions for plants.

[0097] like Figure 5 As shown, before planting, the clay content of the composite material was mainly concentrated between 5.01% and 11.13%, the powder content was mainly concentrated between 25.40% and 49.89%, and the sand content was mainly concentrated between 41.02% and 67.55%.

[0098] like Figure 6As shown, after planting, the clay content of the composite material mainly ranged from 1.41% to 9.15%, the powder content mainly ranged from 24.48% to 55.20%, and the sand content mainly ranged from 37.55% to 73.51%. Comparing these two sets of data, it can be seen that the mechanical composition of the composite material changed after planting, especially the decrease in clay content and the increase in powder content, while the sand content remained relatively unchanged. These changes are beneficial to plant growth. The reduction in clay and the increase in powder improve the permeability, water retention, and drainage of the substrate to a certain extent, providing a more suitable growth environment for plants, thus promoting healthy root growth and effective nutrient absorption.

[0099] In multiple treatment groups, the organic matter content of the composite material (before planting) was as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the organic matter content of the composite material mainly ranges from 6.54 to 74.98 g / kg. -1 Among them, the composite material in treatment 5 (A4) had the lowest organic matter content, while the composite material in treatment 19 (C6) had the highest organic matter content.

[0100] After planting, the organic matter content of the composite material is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the organic matter content of the composite material mainly ranges from 5.74 to 109.32 g / kg. -1 Among them, the composite material in treatment 5 had the lowest organic matter content, while the composite material in treatment 21 (D2) had the highest organic matter content.

[0101] Overall, the organic matter content of the composite material increased relatively in each treatment (treatment 2 to treatment 25), indicating that different formulations provided organic matter and supplemented the organic matter content of the composite material.

[0102] In multiple treatment groups, the alkaline nitrogen content of the composite material (before planting) was as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen content of the composite material mainly ranges from 26.21 to 733.49 mg / kg. -1 Among them, the composite material in treatment 2 (A1) had the lowest content of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, while the composite material in treatment 24 (D5) had the highest content of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen.

[0103] After planting, the alkaline nitrogen content of the composite material in multiple treatment groups was as follows: Figure 10 As shown, the alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen content of the composite material mainly ranges from 26.39 to 637.86 mg / kg. -1 Among them, the composite material in treatment 2 had the lowest content of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, while the composite material in treatment 21 had the highest content of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen.

[0104] In the above treatment groups, in the A-type formulations (treatments 2 to 7), except for treatments 2 and 5, the alkaline nitrogen content of the composite material increased significantly in the other treatments; among them, the alkaline nitrogen content of the composite material in treatments 3 and 6 was significantly higher than that in the other treatments.

[0105] In the B-type formulations (treatments 8 to 13), the alkaline nitrogen content in the composites of all treatments increased significantly; among them, the alkaline nitrogen content in the composites of treatments 9 (B2) and 12 (B5) was significantly higher than that of the other treatments.

[0106] In formulations C (treatments 14 to 19), except for treatment 14 (C1), the alkaline nitrogen content of the composite materials increased significantly; among them, treatment 18 showed the highest alkaline nitrogen content, at 586.86 mg / kg. -1 ;

[0107] In the D-type formulations (treatments 20 to 25), except for treatment 20, the alkaline hydrolysate nitrogen content of the composite materials increased significantly; among them, the alkaline hydrolysate nitrogen content of the composite materials in treatments 21 and 24 was significantly higher than that in other treatments.

[0108] Overall, compared with treatment 1, the alkaline nitrogen content of the composite materials was significantly increased in all treatments (treatments 2 to 25), and the alkaline nitrogen content of the composite materials in formulations C and D was greater than that in formulations A and B.

[0109] It is worth noting that among the various formulations, the formulations that showed the most significant effect on increasing the alkaline nitrogen content of the composite material (treatments 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 21, and 24) all contained microbial fertilizer. This indicates that microbial fertilizer can release more alkaline nitrogen and retain it in the composite material, providing nutrients for plant growth.

[0110] In multiple treatments, the effective phosphorus content of the composite material (before planting) was as follows: Figure 11 As shown, the effective phosphorus content of the composite material mainly ranges from 5.54 to 258.52 mg / kg. -1 Between; among them, the effective phosphorus content of the composite material in treatment 5 was the lowest, and the effective phosphorus content of the composite material in treatment 24 was the highest.

[0111] After planting, the effective phosphorus content of the composite material is as follows: Figure 12 As shown, the effective phosphorus content of the composite material mainly ranges from 5.03 to 233.76 mg / kg. -1 Between; among them, the effective phosphorus content of the composite material in treatment 2 was the lowest, and the effective phosphorus content of the composite material in treatment 24 was the highest.

[0112] Overall, except for treatment 1, the effective phosphorus content of the composite material increased in all treatments, indicating that different formulations supplemented the effective phosphorus content of the composite material.

[0113] In multiple treatment groups, the available potassium content of the composite material (before planting) was as follows: Figure 13 As shown, the available potassium content of the composite material mainly ranges from 5.55 to 91.67 mg / kg. -1 Between; among them, the composite material in treatment 8 (B1) had the lowest available potassium content, while the composite material in treatment 15 (C2) had the highest available potassium content.

[0114] After planting the plants, the available potassium content of the composite material is as follows: Figure 14 As shown, the available potassium content of the composite material mainly ranges from 4.33 to 84.97 mg / kg. -1 Between; among them, the composite material in treatment 8 had the lowest available potassium content, while the composite material in treatment 15 had the highest available potassium content.

[0115] Overall, the available potassium content of the composite materials increased in all treatments, indicating that different formulations supplemented the available potassium in the soil.

[0116] It is worth noting that treatments 2, 9, 15, and 21, which showed the most significant effect on increasing the content of available potassium, also contained microbial fertilizer. This indicates that microbial fertilizer can release more available potassium and retain it in the composite material, providing nutrients for plant growth.

[0117] After using composite materials for potted cultivation, the contents of readily available nutrients (such as available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium) in treatments 6, 7, 18, and 20, where plants had grown, all showed a significant decrease, while the contents of readily available nutrients in other treatments did not change much.

[0118] The composite materials in treatments 6, 7, 18, and 20 can support plant growth, demonstrating that engineering slag, when properly modified with topsoil, livestock and poultry manure, microbial fertilizer, biochar, crop straw, and / or polyvinylamide, can provide a favorable growth environment for plants.

[0119] In the above-mentioned multiple treatments, the amount of engineering slag added to the composite materials of treatments 6 and 7 was 70%, while the amount of engineering slag added to the composite materials of treatments 18 and 20 was 50%.

[0120] Therefore, the engineering slag consumption of composite materials in treatments 6 and 7 is relatively high, accounting for 70% of the total composite material consumption, while the engineering slag consumption of composite materials in treatments 18 and 20 is relatively low, accounting for 50% of the total composite material consumption. The consumption of engineering slag varies in different treatments. Treatments 6 and 7, through the use of a higher proportion of engineering slag, can achieve greater utilization of engineering slag.

[0121] Overall, the above-mentioned transformation methods all comply with the "CJJ / T292-2018 Technical Standard for Slope Spraying and Greening Engineering"; among them, treatments 6, 7, 18 and 20 are all relatively high-quality composite materials modified from engineering waste, which can be used as revegetation substrates to be laid on dry and hot river valley slopes, and plants can be planted on the composite materials to achieve revegetation of dry and hot river valley slopes.

[0122] These four composite materials have a significant effect on improving the physical and chemical properties of soil, and can also meet the needs of plant growth and development, further improving the resource utilization of slag and the reduction of material volume.

[0123] It is worth noting that, Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 In the text, different lowercase letters on the bars represent significant differences between different treatments.

[0124] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A composite matrix soil, characterized in that: It includes 50%-70% engineering slag, 10% topsoil, 7.5%-35% livestock and poultry manure, 7.5%-35% microbial fertilizer, 4.5%-5% biochar, 5% crop straw, and 0.3%-0.5% polyvinylamide by mass. A mixed matrix is ​​formed by mixing engineering waste, topsoil, livestock and poultry manure, microbial fertilizer, biochar, crop straw and polyvinylamide; Add water to the mixed substrate to bring the moisture content of the mixed substrate to 20%-25%; Stacking and aging.

2. The composite matrix soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before mixing the construction waste with topsoil, livestock and poultry manure, microbial fertilizer, biochar, crop straw and polyvinylamide, the construction waste is first crushed to make the particle size less than 2mm, and the gravel in the construction waste is screened out.

3. A method for repairing arid and hot river valley slopes, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: The slopes of the dry and hot river valleys to be treated will be repaired; The composite matrix soil described in claim 1 is laid on the trimmed slope surface, so that the composite matrix soil forms a matrix soil layer on the slope surface; Dig planting holes in the substrate soil layer and sow plant seeds in the planting holes; Water the planting hole and backfill with topsoil.

4. The method for repairing dry-hot valley slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: After backfilling the topsoil, the slope should be regularly maintained.

5. The method for repairing dry-hot valley slopes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The regular maintenance includes initial maintenance, intermediate maintenance, and long-term maintenance; among which... Initial maintenance: Sprinkle water once a day, with a water volume of 5-8L / m², for 15 days; Mid-term maintenance: Spray irrigation once every 3 days and apply liquid organic fertilizer for 30 days; Long-term maintenance: Irrigate once a month during the dry season.

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