A centrifugal type desert vegetation rejuvenation irrigation system and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural water conservancy, desert ecological restoration and carbon sink forestry, and discloses a centrifugal desert vegetation rejuvenation and irrigation system and method, wherein the centrifugal irrigation device is internally provided with a cyclone separation zone for separating coarse sand in the water flow from liquid rich in fine particles through cyclone action, the centrifugal irrigation device is provided with a tangential water inlet, a coarse sand discharge outlet, a core flow guide pipe and shallow water outlet holes in communication with the cyclone separation zone; the intelligent control subsystem comprises a sensor group for collecting vegetation canopy normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and soil moisture content, a control valve group and a central controller in communication connection with the sensor group and the control valve group, and the present application effectively solves the problem of combination of high-sand flood irrigation and vegetation rejuvenation in desert areas, improves water resource utilization efficiency and promotes healthy growth of vegetation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of agricultural water conservancy engineering, desert ecological restoration and carbon sequestration forestry technology, and in particular to a centrifugal desert vegetation rejuvenation irrigation system and method. Background Technology

[0002] In the arid and desert regions of Northwest my country, water resources are extremely scarce and the ecological environment is fragile. Utilizing seasonal high-sediment-laden floods for ecological restoration is an important means of desertification control, but it faces multiple technical bottlenecks: First, the "water-sediment conflict" is prominent. Floodwaters have extremely high sediment content, and traditional drip irrigation systems, which rely on filters, are prone to clogging, while flood irrigation wastes water resources and leads to surface compaction. Existing technologies typically treat sediment as waste material, ignoring its resource utilization value. Second, the problem of "root inertia" remains unresolved. Traditional irrigation adopts a "water when needed" approach, resulting in water concentration in the shallow layer, inducing shallow root distribution in plants. This root structure has poor anchoring force, making vegetation susceptible to windbreak. Third, carbon sequestration function is lacking. Existing irrigation models fail to integrate organic particles from floodwaters with the construction of carbon sequestration in deep soil.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a system that is suitable for floods with high sediment content, can realize the resource utilization of sediment, and can intelligently induce deep root growth. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a centrifugal desert vegetation rejuvenation irrigation system and method, which aims to solve or improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a centrifugal desert vegetation rejuvenation irrigation system, comprising: The centrifugal irrigation device has an internal vortex separation zone that separates coarse sand from liquid rich in fine particles in the water flow through vortex action. The centrifugal irrigation device is equipped with a tangential inlet for receiving sand-containing water flow, a coarse sand outlet for discharging coarse sand, a core guide pipe for guiding the separated liquid to deep soil, and a shallow water outlet for supplying water to shallow soil. The intelligent control subsystem includes a sensor group for collecting the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) of the vegetation canopy and soil moisture content, a control valve group located at the tangential inlet, coarse sand outlet, core guide pipe and shallow water outlet, and a central controller that is communicatively connected to the sensor group and the control valve group. The central controller is configured as follows: The phenological stage of vegetation is identified based on the NDVI value. When the NDVI is higher than the first threshold, it is determined to be the vigorous vegetative growth stage. When the NDVI is not higher than the first threshold, it is determined to be the root function enhancement stage. During the vigorous growth period and when the shallow soil moisture content is lower than the shallow stress threshold, the control valve group is controlled to simultaneously open the shallow water outlet and the core diversion pipe to perform full-layer irrigation. During the root system enhancement period, the control valve group is controlled to keep the shallow water outlet closed, and the core diversion pipe is opened only when the deep soil moisture content is lower than the deep water storage threshold to perform deep induced irrigation.

[0006] Optionally, the centrifugal irrigation device has an inverted frustum-shaped cavity structure with a sealing cover plate detachably connected to its top to form a closed vortex separation zone. The tangential water inlet is located on the side wall of the centrifugal irrigation device, the core guide pipe extends along the axis of the centrifugal irrigation device to a preset depth underground, and the shallow water outlet is located on the side wall of the core guide pipe.

[0007] Optionally, the outlet end of the shallow water outlet is located at a depth of 20cm-40cm below the ground surface.

[0008] Optionally, the outlet of the core guide pipe is located at a depth of 80-120cm below the ground surface.

[0009] Optionally, the sensor group includes an optical sensor for acquiring the reflectance spectrum of the vegetation canopy to calculate NDVI, and soil moisture sensors buried in the shallow and deep layers of the root zone of the target vegetation, respectively.

[0010] Optionally, the first threshold is 0.45.

[0011] Optionally, the central controller is also configured to perform feedback regulation: After deep induced irrigation is performed during the root system function enhancement period, the rate of decrease of deep soil moisture content within a preset time is calculated. If the rate of decrease is lower than the preset activity benchmark value, the deep water storage threshold for the next irrigation cycle is automatically lowered.

[0012] Optionally, when the rate of decline is less than 0.5% / h of the activity baseline, the deep water storage threshold for the next irrigation cycle is reduced by 12%.

[0013] Optionally, the central controller is also configured to have a periodic self-cleaning function: The centrifugal irrigation device removes accumulated sand by periodically opening the control valve assembly to perform a flushing procedure.

[0014] This invention also provides a centrifugal irrigation method for rejuvenating desert vegetation, comprising the following steps: Desilting and dredging steps: High sediment-laden floodwater is introduced into the vortex separation zone of the centrifugal irrigation device through a tangential inlet. The centrifugal force generated by the hydraulic vortex is used to discharge coarse sand to the surface through the coarse sand outlet. At the same time, the vortex field is used to keep the internal flow channels unobstructed. Water diversion and enrichment steps: The low-sediment-content water flow, rich in fine organic matter, after being separated by cyclone separation, is directed into the deep underground soil through the core diversion pipe; Dual-mode perception and decision-making steps: Obtain the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) of the canopy, and determine the phenological stage of the vegetation based on the comparison between the NDVI value and the first threshold. Root rejuvenation steps: If it is determined that the vegetative growth period is vigorous and the shallow soil moisture content is lower than the shallow stress threshold, the control valve group is controlled to simultaneously open the shallow water outlet and the core diversion pipe to perform full-layer irrigation. If it is determined to be the root system function enhancement period, the control valve group is controlled to keep the shallow water outlet closed, and the core diversion pipe is opened only when the deep soil moisture content is lower than the deep water storage threshold to perform deep induced irrigation.

[0015] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: This invention utilizes the vortex separation zone of a centrifugal irrigation device to achieve efficient and automatic separation of coarse sand and fine particles in high-sediment-laden floods without external power. The coarse sand is discharged to the surface for cover, turning waste into treasure and playing a role in moisture retention, windbreak and sand fixation, and micro-topography reconstruction, fundamentally solving the problem of sediment-laden water clogging irrigation systems.

[0016] This invention directs the separated water, rich in fine organic matter, into deep soil through a core guide pipe. This not only achieves precise water delivery but also targets organic matter to the deep soil layers, which is conducive to the formation of a stable deep organic carbon pool in an oxygen-deficient environment and enhances the soil carbon sequestration capacity of desert ecosystems.

[0017] This invention is based on the NDVI intelligent identification of phenological stages in the vegetation canopy and implements differentiated irrigation strategies. During periods when above-ground growth is needed, full-layer irrigation is provided; during periods when root system strengthening is required, shallow water supply is shut off, and irrigation is only provided when deep soil is deficient. This proactively creates a water gradient, utilizing the plant's hydrotropism to "guide" or "stress" its roots to penetrate deeper into the soil, thereby reshaping a healthy, deeply rooted root system and significantly enhancing the vegetation's resistance to windfall and drought stress.

[0018] This invention organically integrates multiple aspects such as "water and sediment separation", "soil improvement", "intelligent water regulation" and "vegetation physiological guidance" to form a synergistic rejuvenation system of "sand removal, dredging, water guidance and root attraction", achieving the comprehensive ecological governance goal of "vegetation rejuvenation, root system reshaping and soil enrichment" from single irrigation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the logic control process of the intelligent control subsystem of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Centrifugal irrigation device; 2. Tangential inlet; 3. Swirl separation zone; 4. Coarse sand outlet; 5. Core guide pipe; 6. Shallow outlet; 7. Control valve assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Reference Figures 1 to 2 This invention provides a centrifugal desert vegetation rejuvenation irrigation system, comprising: Centrifugal irrigation device 1 has an internal vortex separation zone 3 that separates coarse sand from liquid rich in fine particles in the water flow through vortex action. Centrifugal irrigation device 1 is equipped with a tangential inlet 2 for receiving sand-containing water flow, a coarse sand outlet 4 for discharging coarse sand, a core guide pipe 5 for guiding the separated liquid to deep soil, and a shallow water outlet 6 for supplying water to shallow soil. The intelligent control subsystem includes a sensor group for collecting the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) of the vegetation canopy and soil moisture content, a control valve group 7 located at the tangential inlet 2, the coarse sand outlet 4, the core guide pipe 5 and the shallow water outlet 6, and a central controller that communicates with the sensor group and the control valve group 7. The central controller is configured as follows: The phenological stage of vegetation is identified based on the NDVI value. When the NDVI is higher than the first threshold, it is determined to be the vigorous vegetative growth stage. When the NDVI is not higher than the first threshold, it is determined to be the root function enhancement stage. During the vigorous growth period and when the shallow soil moisture content is lower than the shallow stress threshold, the control valve group 7 simultaneously opens the shallow water outlet 6 and the core diversion pipe 5 to perform full-layer irrigation. During the root system enhancement period, the control valve group 7 keeps the shallow water outlet 6 closed, and only opens the core diversion pipe 5 to perform deep induced irrigation when the deep soil moisture content is lower than the deep water storage threshold.

[0024] The centrifugal irrigation device 1 enables the non-powered graded utilization of water and sediment. Combined with the intelligent control subsystem, it provides precise irrigation based on vegetation phenology and soil moisture content, effectively solving the problem of combining irrigation with vegetation rejuvenation in desert areas with high sediment content floods. This improves water resource utilization efficiency and promotes healthy vegetation growth.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, the centrifugal irrigation device 1 is an inverted frustum-shaped cavity structure, with a sealing cover plate detachably connected to its top to form a closed vortex separation zone 3. The tangential inlet 2 is located on the side wall of the centrifugal irrigation device 1, the core guide pipe 5 extends along the axis of the centrifugal irrigation device 1 to a preset depth underground, and the shallow outlet hole 6 is located on the side wall of the core guide pipe 5.

[0026] The inverted frustum-shaped conical structure facilitates the formation of a stable and efficient swirling flow field, improving centrifugal separation performance. The sealed cavity design maintains internal pressure, providing conditions for differential pressure sand discharge and enhancing the enforceability and reliability of coarse sand discharge. The detailed structure makes the solution more feasible, optimizing the flow field distribution and separation efficiency.

[0027] Furthermore, the sealing cover can be tightly connected to the main body of the centrifugal irrigation device 1 via a flange or threads.

[0028] In one embodiment of the invention, the outlet end of the shallow water outlet 6 is located at a depth of 20cm-40cm below the ground surface, which corresponds to the dense distribution layer of the root systems of most desert plants. Targeting shallow irrigation within this range ensures that the plants' urgent water needs are met efficiently and directly during the "vigorous vegetative growth period," maximizing irrigation water utilization efficiency, quickly alleviating shallow water stress, and promoting aboveground biomass accumulation.

[0029] In one embodiment of the invention, the outlet of the core diversion pipe 5 is located at a depth of 80-120 cm below the ground surface. This depth exceeds the range of conventional irrigation and belongs to deep soil. Diverting water and organic matter to this depth effectively constructs a deep soil reservoir, inducing root growth. Furthermore, the relatively stable and anaerobic environment of deep soil facilitates the physical protection and slow transformation of the introduced fine-particle organic matter, forming a more persistent soil organic carbon pool and significantly enhancing carbon sequestration.

[0030] In one embodiment of the invention, the sensor array includes an optical sensor for acquiring the canopy reflectance spectrum of vegetation to calculate NDVI, and soil moisture sensors buried in the shallow and deep layers of the target vegetation root zone, respectively. Optical remote sensing (NDVI) enables non-contact, large-scale, real-time monitoring of the vegetation's physiological state; the layered soil moisture sensors accurately quantify the soil moisture gradient. The combination of these two sensors provides reliable data input to the central controller, ensuring the scientific accuracy of phenological stage determination and irrigation decisions.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first threshold is 0.45.

[0032] In one embodiment of the invention, the central controller is further configured to perform feedback regulation: After deep-root induced irrigation is performed during the root system enhancement period, the rate of decrease in deep soil moisture content within a preset time is calculated. If the rate of decrease is lower than the preset activity benchmark value, the deep water storage threshold for the next irrigation cycle is automatically lowered. The system no longer mechanically executes fixed-threshold irrigation but can judge the "inertia" of the plant roots based on their actual response (water absorption rate) and automatically increase the stress intensity (lower the trigger point for the next irrigation). This simulates the pressure of natural selection, which can more effectively "train" or "force" the plant roots to improve their water absorption capacity and explore deeper layers, realizing dynamic optimization and personalization of irrigation strategies.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the rate of decline is less than 0.5% / h of the active baseline value, the deep water storage threshold for the next irrigation cycle is reduced by 12%.

[0034] In one embodiment of the invention, the central controller is further configured to have a periodic self-cleaning function: The flushing procedure is performed by periodically opening the control valve group 7 to remove the sand accumulated inside the centrifugal irrigation device 1.

[0035] Furthermore, the execution process and physical mechanism of the rinsing procedure are as follows: Step 1: Static pressure accumulation stage. The central controller instructs the control valve group 7 to close the core guide pipe 5 and the shallow water outlet 6, keep the tangential water inlet 2 open, and close the coarse sand outlet 4. At this time, the outflow inside the centrifugal irrigation device 1 is cut off, converting kinetic energy into pressure energy and establishing a high static water pressure state.

[0036] Step 2: Instantaneous full-opening for sand discharge. After establishing high pressure, the controller drives the valve at coarse sand discharge outlet 4 to perform an instantaneous full-opening action. Utilizing the high pressure difference, a high-speed jet is formed, which washes away the compacted mud and sand deposited at the bottom through the wall shear force.

[0037] Step 3: Intermittent pulse flushing. Control the valves at coarse sand discharge outlet 4 to perform intermittent opening and closing actions (e.g., open for 3 seconds / close for 1 second). Utilize the water hammer pressure generated by the rapid closing of the valves and the discharge pressure difference formed by the rapid opening to create an alternating pressure field within the device, peeling off the adhering layer on the inner wall and discharging it.

[0038] The preset pulse high-pressure flushing program can thoroughly remove any fine particles that may have accumulated, providing a double-protection anti-clogging mechanism for the system and greatly improving the system's reliability and maintenance-free operation during long-term unattended operation.

[0039] During operation, high-sediment-laden floodwater enters the vortex separation zone 3 through the tangential inlet 2, forming a high-speed rotating flow field within the cavity. The specific classification mechanism is as follows: “Shrinking” – Sand shaving and surface protection: Under the action of centrifugal force, the coarse sand with a higher specific gravity is concentrated towards the outer wall, and using the pressure gradient inside and outside the vortex cavity, it is forcibly sprayed into the grass grid area on the ground through the coarse sand discharge outlet 4, forming a coarse particle covering layer, which plays a role in windbreak and sand fixation and reducing evaporation.

[0040] "Guidance"—Water Conduction and Enhancing: Low-sediment-laden water flow (rich in clay, silt, and dissolved organic matter) located at the center of the vortex is transported to the deep soil layer (80-120cm below ground) through the core guide pipe 5. The fine particulate matter introduced into the deep layer provides physical protection sites for organic carbon, and combined with the anaerobic environment of the deep soil, it is conducive to the formation of a stable deep organic carbon pool.

[0041] "Jun" – Dredging and anti-clogging: The device uses high-speed turbulence to keep particles suspended (hydrodynamic anti-clogging), uses pressure difference to force sand discharge (pressure difference driven anti-clogging), and periodically opens the valves for flushing (pulse self-cleaning), achieving long-term maintenance-free operation.

[0042] This invention also provides a centrifugal irrigation method for rejuvenating desert vegetation, comprising the following steps: Dredging and sand removal steps: High sediment-laden floodwater is introduced into the vortex separation zone 3 of the centrifugal irrigation device 1 through the tangential inlet 2. The centrifugal force generated by the hydraulic vortex is used to discharge coarse sand to the surface through the coarse sand outlet 4. At the same time, the vortex field is used to keep the internal flow channel unobstructed. Water diversion and accumulation enhancement steps: The low sediment content water flow, which is rich in fine organic matter after cyclone separation, is directed into the deep underground soil through the core diversion pipe 5; Dual-mode perception and decision-making steps: Obtain the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) of the canopy, and determine the phenological stage of the vegetation based on the comparison between the NDVI value and the first threshold. Root rejuvenation steps: If it is determined to be a period of vigorous vegetative growth and the shallow soil moisture content is lower than the shallow stress threshold, the control valve group 7 will simultaneously open the shallow water outlet 6 and the core diversion pipe 5 to perform full-layer irrigation. If it is determined to be the root system function enhancement period, the control valve group 7 keeps the shallow water outlet 6 closed, and only opens the core diversion pipe 5 to perform deep induced irrigation when the deep soil moisture content is lower than the deep water storage threshold.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0044] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A centrifugal desert vegetation rejuvenation irrigation system, characterized in that, include: Centrifugal irrigation device (1) has a vortex separation zone (3) inside which separates coarse sand in the water flow from liquid rich in fine particles through vortex action. The centrifugal irrigation device (1) is provided with a tangential inlet (2) for receiving sand-containing water flow, a coarse sand outlet (4) for discharging coarse sand, a core guide pipe (5) for guiding the separated liquid to deep soil, and a shallow water outlet (6) for supplying water to shallow soil. The intelligent control subsystem includes a sensor group for collecting the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) of the vegetation canopy and soil moisture content, a control valve group (7) set at the tangential inlet (2), coarse sand outlet (4), core guide pipe (5) and shallow water outlet (6), and a central controller that is communicatively connected to the sensor group and the control valve group (7). The central controller is configured as follows: The phenological stage of vegetation is identified based on the NDVI value. When the NDVI is higher than the first threshold, it is determined to be the vigorous vegetative growth stage. When the NDVI is not higher than the first threshold, it is determined to be the root function enhancement stage. During the vigorous growth period and when the shallow soil moisture content is lower than the shallow stress threshold, the control valve group (7) is controlled to simultaneously open the shallow water outlet (6) and the core diversion pipe (5) to perform full-layer irrigation. During the root system function enhancement period, the control valve group (7) is controlled to keep the shallow water outlet (6) closed, and the core diversion pipe (5) is opened only when the deep soil moisture content is lower than the deep water storage threshold to perform deep induced irrigation.

2. The centrifugal desert vegetation rejuvenation irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centrifugal irrigation device (1) has an inverted frustum-shaped cavity structure, and a sealing cover plate is detachably connected to its top to form a closed vortex separation zone (3). The tangential inlet (2) is located on the side wall of the centrifugal irrigation device (1). The core guide pipe (5) extends along the axis of the centrifugal irrigation device (1) to a preset depth underground. The shallow water outlet (6) is located on the side wall of the core guide pipe (5).

3. The centrifugal desert vegetation rejuvenation irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet end of the shallow water outlet (6) is located at a depth of 20cm-40cm below the ground surface.

4. The centrifugal desert vegetation rejuvenation irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet of the core guide pipe (5) is located at a depth of 80-120cm below the ground surface.

5. The centrifugal desert vegetation rejuvenation irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor group includes an optical sensor for acquiring the reflectance spectrum of the vegetation canopy to calculate NDVI, and soil moisture sensors buried in the shallow and deep layers of the root zone of the target vegetation, respectively.

6. The centrifugal desert vegetation rejuvenation irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first threshold is 0.

45.

7. The centrifugal desert vegetation rejuvenation irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central controller is also configured to perform feedback regulation: After deep induced irrigation is performed during the root system function enhancement period, the rate of decrease of deep soil moisture content within a preset time is calculated. If the rate of decrease is lower than the preset activity benchmark value, the deep water storage threshold for the next irrigation cycle is automatically lowered.

8. A centrifugal desert vegetation rejuvenation irrigation system according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the rate of decline is less than 0.5% / h of the activity baseline, the deep water storage threshold for the next irrigation cycle is reduced by 12%.

9. A centrifugal desert vegetation rejuvenation irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central controller is also configured to have a periodic self-cleaning function: The sand inside the centrifugal irrigation device (1) is removed by periodically opening the control valve group (7) to perform a flushing procedure.

10. A centrifugal irrigation method for rejuvenating desert vegetation, characterized in that, The centrifugal desert vegetation rejuvenation irrigation system according to any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: Dredging and sand removal steps: High sediment-laden floodwater is introduced into the vortex separation zone (3) of the centrifugal irrigation device (1) through the tangential inlet (2). The centrifugal force generated by the hydraulic vortex is used to discharge coarse sand through the coarse sand outlet (4) to the surface. At the same time, the vortex field is used to keep the internal flow channel unobstructed. Water diversion and accumulation step: The low sediment content water flow rich in fine organic matter after cyclone separation is directed into the deep underground soil through the core diversion pipe (5); Dual-mode perception and decision-making steps: Obtain the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) of the canopy, and determine the phenological stage of the vegetation based on the comparison between the NDVI value and the first threshold. Root rejuvenation steps: If it is determined that the plant is in a period of vigorous vegetative growth and the moisture content of the shallow soil is lower than the shallow stress threshold, the control valve group (7) is controlled to open the shallow water outlet (6) and the core diversion pipe (5) at the same time to perform full-layer irrigation. If it is determined to be the root system function enhancement period, the control valve group (7) is controlled to keep the shallow water outlet (6) closed, and the core diversion pipe (5) is opened only when the deep soil moisture content is lower than the deep water storage threshold to perform deep induced irrigation.

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