An emergency unblocking device and method for the tobacco leaf silk-making process limiting tube

Abstract

The application provides a kind of for tobacco leaf silk making process limiting tube's material blocking emergency dredging device and method, including for detecting material blocking state's material blocking detection unit, switch door unit being arranged at limiting tube side wall opening, include movable rotating's material stirring roller assembly material stirring dredging unit and control system.Method includes: real-time monitoring material level, logic determines material blocking, control switch door automatic opening;Subsequently drive material stirring roller assembly advance to material blocking point and rotate, utilize material stirring rod mechanical dredging blocked material;After material blocking is removed, material stirring roller assembly is automatically returned, switch door is closed, and the whole process is automatically completed.The application realizes the non-stop, fast automatic processing of material blocking failure, replaces high-risk inefficient manual cleaning, significantly guarantees production continuity, improves intrinsic safety level, and is conducive to stabilizing process and improving cut tobacco quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tobacco processing equipment technology, and in particular to an emergency unblocking device and method for a limited tube used in the tobacco leaf processing process. Background Technology

[0002] In the cigarette manufacturing workshop, the metering tube (or metering can) is a key piece of equipment to ensure a constant flow of materials (such as tobacco shreds and tobacco sheets). However, in actual production, due to the metering tube's own design (such as the funnel cone angle being smaller than the material's angle of repose), the quality of the inner wall processing (such as the presence of burrs or insufficient smoothness), and changes in material properties (such as uneven moisture leading to clumping), blockages frequently occur when materials pass through the metering tube.

[0003] Currently, the main technical means in the industry to address material blockage issues focus on "blockage prevention," such as: optimizing the structural design of limited-flow pipes, using low-friction coefficient materials such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene sheets as linings, installing pneumatic vibrators or bin wall vibrators on the outside of the pipe wall, using pneumatic arch-breaking devices, and stabilizing material parameters through process control. However, these preventative measures cannot completely eliminate the occurrence of material blockage.

[0004] In the event of material blockage, existing systems typically lack effective immediate response measures, often only triggering a shutdown alarm and requiring manual intervention for clearing. This approach disrupts the production process, reducing efficiency, increasing labor costs and intensity, and potentially causing safety risks due to untimely or improper handling. Furthermore, it negatively impacts the stability of subsequent processes and the final quality of the tobacco.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can quickly and automatically clear blockages without stopping the machine after a material blockage occurs, so as to minimize the impact of the failure and ensure the continuity and stability of production. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an emergency unblocking device and method for the limiting tube in the tobacco processing process, which aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art where the limiting tube can only be manually handled after the machine is stopped. This invention provides a device and method that can automatically detect the blockage and perform emergency unblocking operations, so as to achieve rapid troubleshooting without stopping the machine.

[0007] According to one objective of the present invention, the present invention provides an emergency unblocking device for a quantity control tube in the tobacco processing step, comprising: The material blockage detection unit is used to detect the blockage status of material in the limiting tube; A door opening unit is provided at the opening on the side wall of the limiting tube, and is used to open or close the opening; The material-discharging unit includes a movable material-discharging roller assembly for moving to the blocked position and rotating to discharge material after the opening is opened; and The control system is electrically connected to the blockage detection unit, the door opening and closing unit, and the material clearing unit, and is used to control the door opening and closing unit and the material clearing unit to perform automatic clearing operations according to the blockage signal.

[0008] Furthermore, the material blockage detection unit includes at least two material level detection sensors spaced apart along the material flow direction of the limiting tube; the control system is configured to determine whether a material blockage has occurred based on the signal combination logic of the at least two material level detection sensors.

[0009] Furthermore, the door opening and closing unit includes: The door can be opened and closed, and is slidably or rotated within the opening; A door opening / closing drive mechanism, connected to the door, for driving its movement; and A door position sensor is used to detect the open and / or closed states of the door.

[0010] Furthermore, the material feeding and unblocking unit includes: The feeding roller assembly includes a feeding roller and a motor that drives the feeding roller to rotate, and the feeding roller is provided with feeding rods; A feed drive mechanism, connected to the feeding roller assembly, is used to drive the feeding roller assembly to move in a direction approaching or away from the blockage location; and The material feeding roller position sensor is used to detect the unblocking and / or reset status of the material feeding roller assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, the feeding roller assembly also includes: The feed roller is mounted in the bearing housing via a bearing; The mounting cover is fixedly installed, and the bearing housing is connected to the mounting cover via a sliding pair. The feed drive mechanism is connected to the bearing housing.

[0012] Furthermore, the control system is configured to perform the following steps: upon receiving a blockage signal, first control the opening and closing door unit to open; after confirming that the opening and closing door is in place, control the material feeding roller assembly of the material feeding and unblocking unit to move to the unblocking position and start rotating; after the blockage is cleared, control the material feeding roller assembly to stop rotating and retract, and then control the opening and closing door unit to close.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a mounting bracket, which includes a lower mounting strip and / or a door opening / closing guide rail connected to the mounting cover, for fixing the entire device to the outer wall of the limiting tube.

[0014] Furthermore, the feeding rod is a steel core structure wrapped with flexible material.

[0015] According to another objective of the present invention, the present invention provides an emergency unblocking method using the above-mentioned emergency unblocking device, comprising the following steps: S1: Monitor the material status inside the limiting tube using the blockage detection unit; S2: When a blockage is detected, the door opening / closing unit is controlled to open; S3: After the door is opened to the correct position, control the material feeding roller assembly of the material feeding and unblocking unit to move to the unblocking position; S4: Start the motor in the feeding roller assembly to drive the feeding roller to rotate and clear the blocked material; S5: After the material blockage is cleared, stop the motor and control the feeding roller assembly to retract; S6: After the feeding roller assembly retracts into place, the opening and closing door unit is controlled to close.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S4, the speed and / or direction of the motor are adjusted according to the severity of the blockage fed back by the blockage detection unit.

[0017] The technical solution of this invention effectively solves the production problem of having to manually handle material blockages in the limited-quantity tubes during the tobacco processing stage. It achieves fully automated detection and rapid unblocking of blockages without requiring machine downtime, greatly ensuring production continuity and efficiency. By completely replacing high-risk manual cleaning with automated mechanical operation, it significantly improves intrinsic safety and reduces labor intensity and safety risks. It can respond instantly and handle faults locally, preventing the spread of blockage effects and facilitating the stabilization of process parameters in subsequent processes, thereby improving the uniformity and stability of tobacco product quality. Furthermore, the device has a compact structure, is easy to install and modify on existing equipment, has wide applicability, and effectively improves the overall automation level and operational economy of the tobacco processing line. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention installed on the limiting tube according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of the emergency unblocking device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the material feeding and unblocking unit and the door opening and closing unit in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Cylinder; 2. Right-angle geared motor; 3. Bearing housing; 4. Bearing; 5. Feed roller; 6. Mounting cover; 7. Lower mounting strip; 8. Door opening / closing guide rail; 9. Rodless cylinder; 10. Door opening / closing; 11. Limiting tube; 12. First photoelectric switch; 13. Second photoelectric switch; 14. Third photoelectric switch; 15. Fourth photoelectric switch; 16. Door upper limit proximity switch; 17. Feed roller front limit proximity switch; 18. Feed roller rear limit proximity switch; 19. Door lower limit proximity switch. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0023] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they may refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they may refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] Example 1 like Figures 1-3As shown, an emergency unblocking device for a limited-quantity pipe used in the tobacco processing stage includes: The material blockage detection unit is used to detect the material blockage status in the limiting tube 11; The opening and closing unit is located at the opening on the side wall of the limiting tube 11 and is used to open or close the opening. The material-discharging unit includes a movable material-discharging roller assembly for moving to the blocked position and rotating to discharge material after the opening is opened; and The control system is electrically connected to the blockage detection unit, the door opening and closing unit, and the material clearing unit, and is used to control the door opening and closing unit and the material clearing unit to perform automatic clearing operations according to the blockage signal.

[0025] Specifically, the blockage detection unit includes at least two material level detection sensors spaced apart along the material flow direction of the limiting tube; the control system is configured to determine whether a blockage has occurred and its location based on a combination logic of signals from the at least two material level detection sensors. The material level detection sensors are photoelectric switches or laser rangefinders; the number of at least two material level detection sensors is four, installed from top to bottom.

[0026] Specifically, the door opening and closing unit includes: The door 10 is designed to open and close, and can be slidably or rotated within the opening. A door opening / closing drive mechanism, connected to the door 10, is used to drive its movement; and Door opening / closing position sensor, used to detect the open and / or closed positions of the door.

[0027] The door opening and closing drive mechanism is a rodless cylinder or a linear motor; the door opening and closing position sensor is a proximity switch.

[0028] Specifically, the material feeding and unblocking unit includes: The feeding roller assembly includes a feeding roller 5 and a motor that drives the feeding roller to rotate. The feeding roller 5 is provided with feeding rods. A feed drive mechanism, connected to the feed roller assembly, is used to drive the feed roller assembly to move in a direction toward or away from the blockage location; and The feed roller position sensor is used to detect the unblocking and / or reset status of the feed roller assembly.

[0029] The feed drive mechanism is a cylinder 1 or an electric push rod; the feed roller position sensor is a proximity switch.

[0030] The feed roller assembly also includes: Bearing housing 3, the feeding roller is installed in the bearing housing through the bearing; Mounting cover 6 is fixedly installed, and the bearing housing is connected to the mounting cover via a sliding pair; The feed drive mechanism is connected to the bearing housing 3.

[0031] It also includes a mounting bracket, which includes a mounting strip and / or mounting plate connected to the mounting cover for securing the entire device to the outer wall of the limiting tube 11.

[0032] The sliding pair is a mating structure of a dovetail groove and a dovetail boss.

[0033] The motor is either a right-angle geared motor or a variable frequency motor.

[0034] In this embodiment, the feeding rod is a metal rod or a steel core structure wrapped with flexible material. The control system is a programmable logic controller (PLC) or an industrial computer.

[0035] A method for using the above-mentioned emergency unblocking device includes the following steps: S1: Monitor the material status inside the limiting tube through the material blockage detection unit; S2: When a blockage is detected, the control door opening unit is opened; S3: After the door is opened to the correct position, control the material feeding roller assembly of the material feeding and unblocking unit to move to the unblocking position; S4: Start the motor in the feeding roller assembly to drive the feeding roller to rotate and clear the blocked material; S5: After the material blockage is cleared, stop the motor and control the feeding roller assembly to retract; S6: After the feed roller assembly returns to its position, the control door unit closes.

[0036] Specifically, in step S2, the logic for determining material blockage includes: the first sensor located above detects the presence of material, while the second sensor located below detects the absence of material.

[0037] In step S4, the motor speed and / or direction of rotation are adjusted according to the severity of the blockage as fed back by the blockage detection unit.

[0038] Between steps S3 and S4, between steps S4 and S5, and between steps S5 and S6, there are interlock confirmation steps based on sensor feedback.

[0039] Example 2 like Figures 1-3 As shown, this embodiment provides an emergency unblocking device for the limiting tube in the tobacco processing line. The device is installed at the opening on the side wall of the "trumpet mouth" transition section at the top of the limiting tube 11 of the tobacco processing line, which changes from square to round.

[0040] The material blockage detection unit consists of four photoelectric switches (first photoelectric switch 12, second photoelectric switch 13, third photoelectric switch 14, and fourth photoelectric switch 15), which are installed at equal intervals from top to bottom along the vertical direction of the limiting tube 11. The built-in blockage judgment logic of the control system is as follows: if the first photoelectric switch 12 is blocked by material, while any one of the second, third, or fourth photoelectric switches 13, 14, or 15 is not blocked, it is judged as a high-level blockage; if the second photoelectric switch 13 is blocked, while any one of the third, fourth, or 15 is not blocked, it is judged as a mid-level blockage; if the third photoelectric switch 14 is blocked, while the fourth photoelectric switch 15 is not blocked, it is judged as a low-level blockage. This multi-level detection can more accurately locate the blockage area.

[0041] The door opening / closing unit includes a guide rail groove formed by two door opening / closing guide rails 8 fixed to both sides of the opening on the side wall of the limiting tube 11, a door 10 made of steel plate embedded in the guide rail groove, and two vertically mounted rodless cylinders 9. The slider of the rodless cylinder 9 is connected to the "U"-shaped side ears on both sides of the door 10 through mounting flanges, which can drive the door 10 to slide up and down along the guide rail to open and close the opening. A door upper limit proximity switch 16 and a door lower limit proximity switch 19 are installed at the top and bottom of the guide rail, respectively, to detect the fully open and fully closed positions of the door 10.

[0042] The core of the material-dispensing and unblocking unit is the material-dispensing roller assembly. Multiple material-dispensing rods distributed axially and circumferentially are welded onto the material-dispensing roller 5. Snap ring grooves are machined at both ends of the material-dispensing roller 5, which is mounted in two bearing seats 3 via bearings 4 and snap rings. The upper and lower parts of the two bearing seats 3 have dovetail bosses that cooperate with the upper and lower dovetail groove guide rails inside the mounting cover 6, allowing the entire material-dispensing roller assembly to slide back and forth within the mounting cover 6. Two cylinders 1 are horizontally fixed on both sides of the mounting cover 6, with their piston rods fixed to the bearing seats 3 via flanges, providing power for the material-dispensing roller assembly to move forward (unblock) and backward (reset). Corresponding to the unblocking and reset positions of the material-dispensing roller assembly, a front limit proximity switch 17 and a rear limit proximity switch 18 are installed on the mounting cover 6, respectively. A right-angle geared motor 2 is fixed to one side of the bearing seat 3 with screws, and its output shaft is connected to one end of the material-dispensing roller 5 via a coupling, driving its rotation.

[0043] The mounting cover 6 of the entire device is securely connected to the side wall of the limiting tube 11 via the lower mounting strip 7 and the side opening and closing door guide rail 8.

[0044] The working process of the device in this embodiment is as follows: Standby state: Door 10 is closed (door lower limit proximity switch 19 is triggered), feed roller assembly is in the retracted reset position (feed roller rear limit proximity switch 18 is triggered), feed roller 5 stops rotating; Material blockage detection and judgment: The first photoelectric switch 12 to the fourth photoelectric switch 15 continuously monitor the material level; if a blockage occurs in the middle position, the second photoelectric switch 13 is blocked, while the fourth photoelectric switch 15 is not blocked, and the PLC determines that a blockage has occurred. Open the unblocking channel: The PLC controls the two rodless cylinders 9 to lift the switch door 10 upwards until the upper limit of the door is close to the switch 16, opening the opening on the side wall of the limiting tube; Material feeding roller forward: After the door is in position, the PLC controls the two cylinders 1 to move forward, pushing the material feeding roller assembly along the dovetail groove guide rail until the material feeding roller front limit proximity switch 17 is triggered. At this time, the material feeding rod on the material feeding roller 5 extends into the material blocking area inside the limiting tube. Unblocking: After the feeding roller is in place, the PLC starts the right-angle reduction motor 2 to drive the feeding roller 5 to rotate; the rotating feeding rod cuts, stirs and pushes the blocked tobacco clumps, making them loose and flow downwards; Material blockage clearance determination: During the unblocking process, the PLC continuously monitors the status of the photoelectric switches. When the fourth photoelectric switch 15 is detected to be blocked again (indicating that the material has resumed flow to the bottom of the pipe), it is determined that the material blockage has been cleared. Material feeding roller reset: The PLC stops the right-angle reduction motor 2, and then controls the cylinder 1 to move in the reverse direction to pull back the material feeding roller assembly until the material feeding roller rear limit proximity switch 18 is triggered; Closing the switch door: After the feeding roller is reset, the PLC controls the rodless cylinder 9 to reverse and close the switch door 10 downwards until the lower limit of the door is triggered by the proximity switch 19; the device returns to standby mode, and the entire process requires no manual intervention, and the production line continues to run.

[0045] Example 3 This embodiment is an optimization based on embodiment 2, with the main difference being in the blockage detection and unblocking strategy.

[0046] Material blockage detection optimization: A pair of through-beam laser rangefinders replaces some photoelectric switches. One sensor is installed at the top of the limiting tube, emitting a laser downwards to measure the material level; the other is installed below the area expected to be prone to blockage, measuring whether a cavity has formed in that area. By analyzing the difference and rate of change between the two rangefinder values, the control system can more sensitively and earlier warn of bridging trends, and even initiate a mild unblocking procedure (such as short-term, intermittent rotation of the material-pushing roller) before complete blockage.

[0047] Optimized unblocking strategy: The right-angle geared motor 2 adopts a variable frequency motor. The PLC can control the motor to operate at different speeds and directions (alternating forward and reverse rotation) according to the severity of the blockage (e.g., judging from the rate of change of the material level sensor signal), improving unblocking efficiency and preventing excessive damage to the material. At the same time, the feeding rod can adopt a steel core structure wrapped with flexible materials (such as food-grade polyurethane), which can reduce the breakage of tobacco shreds while ensuring feeding force.

[0048] Enhanced safety interlocks: Strict interlock logic is added to the control program. For example, the motor can only start after the door is fully open and the feed roller has reached its forward position; the door can only close after the motor has stopped and the feed roller has fully retracted. Furthermore, a safety light curtain is installed in the door opening / closing area; if personnel approach during automatic operation, all actions will be immediately paused and an alarm will sound.

[0049] Example 4 This embodiment provides a simplified device variation suitable for situations where space is limited or material blockage is infrequent.

[0050] Compared to Example 2, the main simplification is as follows: The door opening and closing unit is simplified into a maintenance cover that can be opened manually or pneumatically, and is normally locked. When material blockage is automatically detected, the system alarms and prompts the operator to "clear the blockage." After remote confirmation by the operator, the system automatically opens the cover and executes the subsequent forward, rotation, and backward movement of the feeding rollers. After clearing the blockage, the system prompts the operator to close the cover again. This approach reduces the complexity and cost of the device while retaining the core automatic clearing function, reducing the time and safety risks associated with direct manual intervention.

[0051] The material blockage detection unit is simplified to two photoelectric switches, one above the blockage point and one below. A blockage is only detected when there is material above and no material below. Although the positioning accuracy is reduced, it is sufficient to trigger an emergency response.

[0052] The feeding drive mechanism of the feeding roller can be driven by a single cylinder in the middle or by a gear and rack mechanism.

[0053] In summary, this invention achieves automatic detection and handling of material blockage faults without requiring manual intervention during machine downtime, greatly reducing production interruption time and improving the overall efficiency and automation level of the yarn-making line. It also avoids the need for operators to enter the equipment or perform dangerous manual unblocking operations at heights, enhancing inherent safety and reducing the labor intensity of workers.

[0054] This invention provides rapid response and handling of material blockages, reducing fluctuations in subsequent process parameters (such as flavoring and additive precision, and tobacco drying moisture content) caused by material interruptions or uneven feeding. This helps stabilize and improve the quality of tobacco products. The device can be directly installed on existing metering tubes, making modification convenient. It is suitable for emergency handling of material blockages in metering tubes of various specifications in the tobacco industry.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An emergency unblocking device for a quantity control pipe used in the tobacco processing step, characterized in that, include: The material blockage detection unit is used to detect the blockage status of material in the limiting tube; A door opening unit is provided at the opening on the side wall of the limiting tube, and is used to open or close the opening; The material-discharging unit includes a movable material-discharging roller assembly for moving to the blocked position and rotating to discharge material after the opening is opened; as well as The control system is electrically connected to the blockage detection unit, the door opening and closing unit, and the material clearing unit, and is used to control the door opening and closing unit and the material clearing unit to perform automatic clearing operations according to the blockage signal.

2. The emergency unblocking device for the limited-quantity tube in the tobacco processing step according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material blockage detection unit includes at least two material level detection sensors spaced apart along the material flow direction of the limiting tube; the control system is configured to determine whether a material blockage has occurred based on the signal combination logic of the at least two material level detection sensors.

3. The emergency unblocking device for the limited-quantity tube in the tobacco processing step according to claim 1, characterized in that, The door opening / closing unit includes: The door can be opened and closed, and is slidably or rotated within the opening; A door opening / closing drive mechanism, connected to the door, for driving its movement; and A door position sensor is used to detect the open and / or closed states of the door.

4. The emergency unblocking device for the limited-quantity pipe in the tobacco processing step according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material feeding and unblocking unit includes: The feeding roller assembly includes a feeding roller and a motor that drives the feeding roller to rotate, and the feeding roller is provided with feeding rods; A feed drive mechanism, connected to the feeding roller assembly, is used to drive the feeding roller assembly to move in a direction approaching or away from the blockage location; and The material feeding roller position sensor is used to detect the unblocking and / or reset status of the material feeding roller assembly.

5. The emergency unblocking device for the limited-quantity pipe in the tobacco leaf processing step according to claim 4, characterized in that, The feed roller assembly also includes: The feed roller is mounted in the bearing housing via a bearing; The mounting cover is fixedly installed, and the bearing housing is connected to the mounting cover via a sliding pair. The feed drive mechanism is connected to the bearing housing.

6. The emergency unblocking device for the limited-quantity pipe in the tobacco leaf processing step according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system is configured to perform the following steps: upon receiving a blockage signal, first control the opening and closing door unit to open; after confirming that the opening and closing door is in place, control the material feeding roller assembly of the material feeding and unblocking unit to move to the unblocking position and start rotating; after the blockage is cleared, control the material feeding roller assembly to stop rotating and retract, and then control the opening and closing door unit to close.

7. The emergency unblocking device for the limited-quantity pipe in the tobacco processing step according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, It also includes a mounting bracket, which includes a lower mounting strip and / or a door opening / closing guide rail connected to the mounting cover, for fixing the entire device to the outer wall of the limiting tube.

8. The emergency unblocking device for the limited-quantity pipe in the tobacco processing step according to claim 4, characterized in that, The feeding rod is a steel core structure wrapped in flexible material.

9. A method for emergency unblocking of blockages using the emergency unblocking device as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Monitor the material status inside the limiting tube using the blockage detection unit; S2: When a blockage is detected, the door opening / closing unit is controlled to open; S3: After the door is opened to the correct position, control the material feeding roller assembly of the material feeding and unblocking unit to move to the unblocking position; S4: Start the motor in the feeding roller assembly to drive the feeding roller to rotate and clear the blocked material; S5: After the material blockage is cleared, stop the motor and control the feeding roller assembly to retract; S6: After the feeding roller assembly retracts into place, the opening and closing door unit is controlled to close.

10. The emergency unblocking method for blockages according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S4, the speed and / or direction of the motor are adjusted according to the severity of the blockage fed back by the blockage detection unit.

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