A sulfuric acid production filter tower structure
By designing an inverted conical filter unit and spiral guide ribs, combined with a vibrating drainage mechanism, the problems of uneven load on the fiber bed and poor drainage were solved, achieving efficient acid collection and discharge.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- JILIN DADI CHEM IND INC CORP
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-03
AI Technical Summary
In traditional fiber bed demisters, the upper part of the fiber bed has a heavy collection load, while the lower part has a low utilization rate and low drainage efficiency. This easily leads to liquid arching and wall adhesion, resulting in poor collection efficiency and drainage.
The design incorporates an inverted conical filter unit and spiral guide ribs, combined with a vibrating drainage mechanism. This utilizes the gravity of the acid solution to drive the vibration drainage, balancing the load on the fiber bed and eliminating liquid arching.
It improves the overall capture efficiency of the fiber bed, ensures smooth acid discharge, avoids liquid arching and wall adhesion, and enhances drainage efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN122141370B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of sulfuric acid production filtration technology, and in particular to a sulfuric acid production filtration tower structure. Background Technology
[0002] In the sulfuric acid production process, fiber bed demisters are typically installed at the top of the drying tower and absorption tower to capture sulfuric acid mist droplets entrained in the gas flow. The core function of this demister is to protect downstream equipment (such as fans and heat exchangers) from acid mist corrosion, while reducing material loss and ensuring that the exhaust gas meets emission standards.
[0003] Traditional fiber bed demisters are mostly installed in a co-current manner, with mist-laden gas passing through the filter element fiber bed from the outside to the inside before being discharged. As the mist-laden gas passes through the fiber bed, the mist droplets are captured by the fibers and gradually coalesce into larger droplets. Under the driving force of the airflow, the coalesced droplets pass through the fiber bed and move from the outer surface of the bed to the inner surface. After reaching the inner surface of the fiber bed, the droplets flow downwards along the inner surface under the action of gravity and are discharged from the bed.
[0004] However, in actual operation, it was found that the acid captured by the upper fiber bed flowed downwards along the fibers, causing the lower fibers to be covered with a large amount of liquid film. This weakened the ability of the lower fibers to capture sulfuric acid droplets in the airflow. As a result, the capture load in the upper part of the fiber bed was heavier than that in the lower part, and the capture efficiency was affected. In addition, the drainage mainly relied on gravity to flow downwards, and the surface tension of the acid at the bottom drainage port easily formed a "liquid arch" or "wall hanging" phenomenon, which hindered the smooth flow of the acid and resulted in low drainage efficiency.
[0005] Therefore, in order to balance the capture load of different parts of the fiber bed, accelerate the downward flow of acid, and remove the surface tension barrier at the drain outlet, this invention provides a sulfuric acid production filter tower structure. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to propose a sulfuric acid production filter tower structure.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a sulfuric acid production filter tower structure, comprising a tower body, filter units, and a vibration drainage mechanism; the inner wall of the tower body is provided with an upper mounting layer and a lower mounting layer, and multiple filter units are arranged in a circumferential shape between the two.
[0008] The filtration unit includes a support component and a fiber bed, and both the support component and the fiber bed are inverted conical shapes that are larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The support component includes an inner support cage and an outer support cage, and the inner support cage has a spiral guide rib on the side facing the fiber bed.
[0009] The excitation and drainage mechanism includes a flow guide and a lever. The flow guide includes multiple spindle-shaped flow guides with cone tips at both ends, and the lever includes a liquid receiving hopper corresponding to the flow guide.
[0010] The mist-laden gas enters the filtration unit and is filtered and captured by the inverted cone-shaped fiber bed. The captured acid is guided downward along the spiral guide ribs and drips onto the shuttle-shaped guide, then slides down the surface of the shuttle-shaped guide to the liquid receiving hopper. After the liquid receiving hopper receives the droplets to the set weight, it is turned over to pour out the acid and drives the shuttle-shaped guide to vibrate.
[0011] In the above-mentioned sulfuric acid production filter tower structure, an annular gas distributor is provided on the tower body to guide the airflow to the upper middle region of the filter unit.
[0012] In the above-mentioned sulfuric acid production filter tower structure, the gas outlet of the annular gas distributor is arranged alternately with the filter unit, the bottom of the tower body is provided with an acid discharge pipe, and the top of the tower body is provided with an exhaust pipe.
[0013] In the above-mentioned sulfuric acid production filter tower structure, the fiber bed is sandwiched between the inner support cage and the outer support cage, the bottom of the inner support cage is closed, and the bottom edge of the fiber bed is serrated.
[0014] In the above-mentioned sulfuric acid production filter tower structure, the flow guide includes a column fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the inner support cage, and multiple shuttle-shaped flow guides are fixedly connected to the side wall of the column.
[0015] In the above-mentioned sulfuric acid production filter tower structure, the shuttle-shaped guide tube corresponds one-to-one with the serrated bottom edge of the fiber bed, and the upper cone tip only contacts the droplets and does not contact the fiber bed.
[0016] In the above-mentioned sulfuric acid production filter tower structure, the lever is rotatably mounted on the bottom wall of the lower installation layer via a support. One end of the lever is provided with a liquid receiving hopper corresponding to the flow guide, and the other end is provided with an impact protrusion.
[0017] In the above-mentioned sulfuric acid production filter tower structure, the weight of the impact protrusion is greater than the weight of the liquid receiving hopper when unloaded.
[0018] In the above-mentioned sulfuric acid production filter tower structure, a vibration transmission rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the column of the flow guide, and the end of the vibration transmission rod away from the column is located above the impact protrusion.
[0019] In the above-mentioned sulfuric acid production filter tower structure, the vibration transmission rod is impacted by the impact protrusion, which causes the flow guide to vibrate.
[0020] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: by balancing the load distribution of the fiber bed and reducing the coverage of the lower liquid film through the filter unit and spiral guide ribs, the overall collection efficiency is improved; at the same time, the gravity of the acid liquid drives the excitation and drainage mechanism to generate periodic short vibrations, thereby ensuring the smooth discharge of the acid liquid.
[0021] 1. By designing the support components and fiber bed of the filter unit into an inverted conical structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, the filtration area of the upper part of the fiber bed is increased, making it match the heavier capture load at the top. This effectively avoids the problems of overload of the upper fibers and low utilization rate of the lower fibers in the traditional straight cylindrical structure.
[0022] 2. The spiral guide ribs set on the outside of the inner support cage can guide the captured acid to flow rapidly downward along the spiral path, reducing the acid's residence and liquid film coverage in the lower part of the fiber bed, thereby maintaining the capture capacity of the lower fibers and improving the overall demisting efficiency.
[0023] 3. The vibratory drainage mechanism uses a receiving hopper to collect dripping acid. When the acid accumulates to a set weight, the lever automatically flips, transferring the impact energy to the drainage component and the shuttle-shaped guide, generating short bursts of vibration. This vibration requires no external power source, relying entirely on the gravity of the acid itself, and the vibration period automatically adjusts with the acid load. This accelerates the sliding of droplets off the surface of the shuttle-shaped guide, effectively breaking down the "liquid arch" and "wall-hanging" phenomena at the drainage port, ensuring smooth acid drainage and avoiding the drainage blockage problem caused by surface tension in traditional structures. Attached Figure Description
[0024] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
[0025] Figure 1 This is a partial sectional view of the overall structure;
[0026] Figure 2 A top view of a partial structural section of the tower;
[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the filter unit.
[0028] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the filter unit.
[0029] Figure 5 A bottom view of the filtration unit and the vibrating drainage mechanism;
[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the excitation and drainage mechanism;
[0031] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the continuous accumulation of acid in the receiving hopper;
[0032] Figure 8 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a downward rotating receiving funnel to pour acid solution;
[0033] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a planar structure for tilting the receiving hopper downwards to pour acid solution.
[0034] In the diagram: 1. Tower body; 11. Upper mounting layer; 12. Lower mounting layer; 13. Annular gas distributor; 14. Acid discharge pipe; 15. Exhaust pipe; 2. Filter unit; 21. Support assembly; 211. Inner support cage; 212. Outer support cage; 213. Spiral guide rib; 22. Fiber bed; 3. Vibration drainage mechanism; 31. Drainage component; 311. Column; 312. Shuttle-shaped guide; 313. Vibration transmission rod; 32. Lever component; 321. Support; 322. Liquid receiving hopper; 323. Impact protrusion. Detailed Implementation
[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0036] Reference Figures 1 to 2 A sulfuric acid production filter tower structure includes a tower body 1, filter units 2, and a vibrating drainage mechanism 3. The tower body 1 is a vertical cylindrical structure, with an upper mounting layer 11 fixedly installed on the upper part of its inner wall and a lower mounting layer 12 fixedly installed on the lower part of its inner wall. Both the upper mounting layer 11 and the lower mounting layer 12 are annular plate structures used to jointly support and fix multiple filter units 2. The multiple filter units 2 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the circumference of the tower body 1. An exhaust pipe 15 is provided at the top of the tower body 1 for discharging filtered gas. An acid discharge pipe 14 is provided at the bottom of the tower body 1 for discharging recovered sulfuric acid droplets. An annular gas distributor 13 is also installed in the upper middle part of the tower body 1. The gas outlet of the annular gas distributor 13 is staggered with that of the filter units 2 to avoid direct airflow impacting the surface of the fiber bed 22 of the filter units 2, while uniformly guiding the mist-containing gas to the upper middle region of the filter units 2.
[0037] Reference Figures 1 to 4 Each filter unit 2 includes a support assembly 21 and a fiber bed 22. Both the support assembly 21 and the fiber bed 22 have an inverted conical cylindrical structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. Specifically, the support assembly 21 includes an inner support cage 211 and an outer support cage 212. Both the inner support cage 211 and the outer support cage 212 are porous mesh cage structures. They are concentrically nested and fixedly connected at the top. The outer support cage 212 is sealed to the upper mounting layer 11.
[0038] The fiber bed 22 is sandwiched between the inner support cage 211 and the outer support cage 212, and is in the shape of an inverted cone, which increases the filtration area at the top and matches the heavier capture load at the top. This effectively avoids the problems of overloaded upper fibers and low utilization rate of lower fibers in traditional straight cylindrical structures.
[0039] The bottom of the inner support cage 211 is a closed structure to prevent gas from entering the inner cavity directly without being filtered by the fiber bed 22. Several spiral guide ribs 213 are provided on the side of the inner support cage 211 facing the fiber bed 22 (i.e., the outer side). These spiral guide ribs 213 extend spirally downwards along the outer wall of the inner support cage 211 to guide the captured acid liquid downwards, reducing the acid liquid's residence time and liquid film coverage in the lower part of the fiber bed 22. This maintains the capturing capacity of the lower fibers, making the utilization rate of the entire fiber bed 22 more balanced and significantly improving the overall demisting efficiency.
[0040] The bottom edge of the fiber bed 22 is serrated, which facilitates the acid solution to gather into droplets at the tip of the serrations.
[0041] Reference Figures 5 to 9 The excitation drainage mechanism 3 includes a drainage component 31 and a lever component 32. The drainage component 31 includes a column 311 and multiple shuttle-shaped guides 312. The column 311 is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom wall of the inner support cage 211 and extends downward. Multiple shuttle-shaped guides 312 are fixedly connected circumferentially to the side wall of the column 311. Each shuttle-shaped guide 312 has a shuttle-shaped cross-section and both its upper and lower ends are conical. The shuttle-shaped guides 312 correspond one-to-one with the serrated bottom edge of the fiber bed 22. The upper conical tip is located directly below the serrated bottom edge and is only used to contact the lowest protruding part of the dripping droplet, without directly contacting the fiber bed 22 to avoid abrasion of the fiber material.
[0042] The lever 32 is rotatably mounted on the bottom wall of the lower mounting layer 12 via the support 321. The lever 32 includes a liquid receiving hopper 322 corresponding to the drain hopper 31, and the liquid receiving hopper 322 is connected to an impact protrusion 323 via a lever. The weight of the impact protrusion 323 is greater than the weight of the liquid receiving hopper 322 when it is unloaded, so that when the lever 32 is not collecting liquid droplets, one end of the impact protrusion 323 sinks and one end of the liquid receiving hopper 322 tilts upward.
[0043] A vibration transmission rod 313 is also fixedly connected to the side wall of the column 311. The vibration transmission rod 313 extends horizontally outward, and its end away from the column 311 is located directly above the impact protrusion 323. The gap between the vibration transmission rod 313 and the impact protrusion 323 is smaller than the upward stroke of the impact protrusion 323 when the liquid receiving hopper 322 is flipped.
[0044] It should be noted that the support 321, the rotating bushing inside the support 321, the liquid receiving hopper 322, and the impact protrusion 323 are all made of hard ceramic or polytetrafluoroethylene, which have excellent resistance to sulfuric acid corrosion. The vibration transmission rod 313, the column 311, and the shuttle-shaped fluid guide 312 are made of high-silicon stainless steel, which has excellent rigidity and impact resistance. The bushing and the rotating shaft are fitted with a large clearance, with the clearance ranging from 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm.
[0045] The specific operating steps of this sulfuric acid production filter tower structure are as follows: When the sulfuric acid production filter tower structure of this embodiment is working, the gas containing sulfuric acid droplets enters from the lower part of the tower body 1, and after being evenly distributed by the annular gas distributor 13, it enters each filter unit 2 from the outside. The gas first contacts the outer surface of the fiber bed 22. Since the filter unit 2 is an inverted cone shape with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part, the upper surface area is larger, which can match the heavier capture load at the top.
[0046] When the gas containing sulfuric acid droplets passes through the fiber bed 22, the droplets are intercepted and captured by the fiber bed 22 and gradually coalesce into large droplets. Under the action of the airflow, the coalesced droplets pass through the outer bed of the fiber bed 22 and move towards the inner bed. After the droplets reach the inner surface of the fiber bed, they flow downward along the inner surface under the action of gravity and are discharged from the bed. The purified gas passes through the bed and is discharged from the exhaust pipe 15.
[0047] The captured acid flows downward along the fiber bed 22 under the action of gravity. Some of the acid is guided by the spiral guide ribs 213 on the outside of the inner support cage 211 to flow downward rapidly in a spiral path, reducing the liquid film coverage of the fiber bed 22. The acid eventually reaches the serrated bottom edge of the fiber bed 22, gathers into droplets at the tip of the serrations and drips downward.
[0048] The dripping acid first contacts the upper conical tip of the spindle-shaped guide 312, slides down its smooth surface, and further collects before dripping into the receiving hopper 322. As the acid accumulates in the receiving hopper 322, its weight gradually increases. When the total weight of the receiving hopper 322 and the acid inside exceeds the weight of the impact protrusion 323, the lever 32 flips, the receiving hopper 322 rotates downward to pour out the acid, and simultaneously the impact protrusion 323 is rapidly lifted upward. The lifted impact protrusion 323 strikes the vibration transmission rod 313, which transmits the impact energy to the column 311, thereby causing a short vibration in the entire drainage component 31 (including all the spindle-shaped guides 312). Figure 7 Change to Figure 9 ).
[0049] The vibration disrupts the static liquid film that may form on the surface of the shuttle-shaped guide fluid 312, accelerates the dripping of acid, effectively breaks the "liquid arch" phenomenon at the drain port, promotes the smooth discharge of acid, and avoids the problem of drain blockage caused by surface tension in traditional structures.
[0050] After the acid is poured out, the receiving hopper 322 becomes lighter, and the lever 32 automatically resets under the gravity of the impact protrusion 323, causing the receiving hopper 322 to tilt upwards again, entering the next receiving cycle. The entire mechanism requires no external power, relying on the accumulated weight of the acid itself to achieve periodic operation, and the operation cycle is automatically adjusted according to the acid load. Finally, all the recovered acid is discharged from the tower through the acid discharge pipe 14 at the bottom of the tower body 1.
[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.
[0052] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "number one," and "number two" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," "number one," or "number two" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0053] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0054] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A sulfuric acid production filter tower structure, comprising a tower body, a filter unit, and a vibrating discharge mechanism; characterized in that: The inner wall of the tower is provided with an upper installation layer and a lower installation layer, and multiple filter units are arranged in a circular shape between the two. The filtration unit includes a support component and a fiber bed, and both the support component and the fiber bed are inverted conical shapes that are larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The support component includes an inner support cage and an outer support cage, and the inner support cage is provided with a spiral guide rib on the side facing the fiber bed. The excitation and drainage mechanism includes a guide component and a lever component. The guide component includes multiple shuttle-shaped guides with cone tips at both ends, and the lever component includes a liquid receiving hopper corresponding to the guide component. The mist-laden gas enters the filtration unit and is filtered and captured by the inverted cone-shaped fiber bed. The captured acid is guided downward along the spiral guide ribs and drips onto the shuttle-shaped guide. It then slides down the surface of the shuttle-shaped guide to the liquid receiving hopper. After the liquid receiving hopper receives the droplets to a set weight, it is turned over to pour out the acid and drives the shuttle-shaped guide to vibrate.
2. The sulfuric acid production filter tower structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tower body is equipped with an annular gas distributor to guide the airflow to the upper-middle region of the filtration unit.
3. The sulfuric acid production filter tower structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gas outlet of the annular gas distributor is arranged alternately with the filter unit. An acid discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the tower body, and an exhaust pipe is provided at the top of the tower body.
4. The sulfuric acid production filter tower structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber bed is sandwiched between the inner support cage and the outer support cage. The bottom of the inner support cage is closed, and the bottom edge of the fiber bed is serrated.
5. The sulfuric acid production filter tower structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage component includes a column fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the inner support cage, and multiple shuttle-shaped drainage elements are fixedly connected to the side wall of the column.
6. The sulfuric acid production filter tower structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spindle-shaped guide fluid corresponds one-to-one with the serrated bottom edge of the fiber bed, and the upper cone tip only contacts the droplet and does not contact the serrated bottom edge of the fiber bed.
7. The sulfuric acid production filter tower structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lever is rotatably mounted on the bottom wall of the lower mounting layer via a support. The lever includes a liquid receiving hopper corresponding to the drainage component, and the liquid receiving hopper is connected to an impact protrusion via a lever.
8. The sulfuric acid production filter tower structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The weight of the impact protrusion is greater than the weight of the liquid receiving hopper when it is empty.
9. The sulfuric acid production filter tower structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, A vibration transmission rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the column of the drainage component, and the end of the vibration transmission rod away from the column is located above the impact protrusion.
10. A sulfuric acid production filter tower structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, The vibration transmission rod is impacted by the impact protrusion, which causes the drainage component to vibrate.