A waste incineration fly ash stabilization treatment device

Abstract

The present application relates to fly ash treatment technical field, specifically to a kind of waste incineration fly ash stabilization treatment equipment, be provided with crushing device, weighing device and stirring device, the stirring device includes stirring box, the stirring box is provided with stirring assembly, the stirring box top is provided with uniform material box, the uniform material box is equipped with several uniform material ware, uniform material ware includes base, base top movably covers uniform material cover, the top surface center position of uniform material cover is raised, forms the splash table structure that material is dispersed to rear four quarters after receiving material, the inner groove of base is connected with the support block that can be longitudinally elastically slid, the upper and lower ends of support block are respectively abutted uniform material cover and base, the inner wall of the uniform material box is located on the inner wall below uniform material ware and is equipped with spray pipe, the input end of spray pipe is connected with the second feeding device being arranged on rack. The present application is favorable to solve the problem that some fly ash stabilization treatment equipment does not carry out pre-mixing to fly ash with different heavy metal contents, thereby affecting fly ash stabilization treatment effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fly ash treatment technology, specifically to a device for stabilizing fly ash from waste incineration. Background Technology

[0002] Among the current methods of urban solid waste treatment, incineration can better achieve the reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization of waste, and has therefore become the main way of waste treatment. However, fly ash from waste incineration is a hazardous waste as explicitly defined by the national standard (GB18485-2014).

[0003] Currently, a relatively convenient and effective method for fly ash disposal is solidification and stabilization. With the continuous maturation of stabilization technology, the chelating agent stabilization method is widely used. Its principle is as follows: the thorough mixing, stirring, and extrusion of fly ash, chelating agent, and water causes the heavy metals in the fly ash to react with the chelating agent, forming chelates that are thus stabilized. Adhesion occurs between fly ash particles, which can stabilize the heavy metals in the fly ash for a long time, greatly reducing the activity of heavy metals in incineration fly ash. Stabilized fly ash has long-term stability in sanitary landfills. The solidified fly ash meets the pollution control standards for municipal solid waste landfills, allowing it to be disposed of in general sanitary landfills. Fly ash is collected from various processes in waste incineration, and the heavy metal content varies depending on the source. Therefore, it needs to be thoroughly mixed beforehand. Currently, the conventional operation is simply to weigh the fly ash and directly feed it into the mixer for mixing, without pre-mixing the various fly ash powders or fine particles. During the mixing process, the conventional single-shaft mixer with a stirring paddle has a simple mixing action and is prone to blind spots in the mixing process. The addition of water and chelating agents can easily cause fly ash with different heavy metal contents to clump together independently, resulting in insufficient chemical chelation. This will greatly increase the instability of fly ash solidification treatment and reduce the effectiveness of fly ash stabilization treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a waste incineration fly ash stabilization treatment device, which helps to solve the problem that some current fly ash stabilization treatment devices only use a conventional and simple mixer structure and do not pre-mix fly ash with different heavy metal contents, thus affecting the fly ash stabilization treatment effect.

[0005] This invention is implemented as follows: A waste incineration fly ash stabilization treatment device includes a frame, on which a crushing device, a weighing device, and a mixing device are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The mixing device includes a mixing box with material inlet and outlet at the top and bottom, respectively. The mixing box is equipped with a mixing assembly, which includes a first spiral mixing shaft and a second spiral mixing shaft arranged horizontally and parallel to each other at intervals. The working ends of the first and second spiral mixing shafts are located inside the mixing box, forming a double auger structure. A material distribution box is provided at the top of the mixing box, and the material distribution box is equipped with a plurality of material distributors evenly spaced at intervals along the material flow path. Each material distributor includes a base, and the bottom of the base is connected to... The mounting rod is connected to the inner wall of the uniform material box. The longitudinal profile of the base is U-shaped. A uniform material cover is movably fitted on the top of the base. The center of the top surface of the uniform material cover is raised, forming a splashing platform structure that disperses the material in all directions after receiving it. A support block that can slide elastically in the longitudinal direction is connected in the inner groove of the base. The upper and lower ends of the support block abut against the uniform material cover and the base, respectively. The input end of the weighing device is also connected to a first feeding device set on the frame. A spray pipe is provided on the inner wall of the uniform material box below the uniform material generator. The input end of the spray pipe is connected to a second feeding device set on the frame. The first feeding device and the second feeding device are used to transport solid and liquid materials, respectively.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, the mixing tank is provided with several sets of longitudinally spaced mixing components, and the rotation directions of the spiral mixing shafts of adjacent mixing components are opposite, forming a meandering material control structure in the longitudinal plane.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the spiral blades on the first and second spiral stirring shafts in the same group rotate in the same direction, and the working directions of the first and second spiral stirring shafts are opposite, forming a meandering material control structure in the transverse plane.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the longitudinal profile of the uniform material cover is a "D" shaped structure, the bottom is a horizontal end face structure and a plug hole is provided at the center of the bottom end face, the top of the base is inserted into the uniform material cover through the plug hole and the top of the base is provided with an outwardly extending anti-detachment edge.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, a limiting block is provided at the bottom of the inner groove of the base, and a spring abuts between the top of the limiting block and the bottom of the supporting block.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, the leveling devices located on the same horizontal plane in the leveling box constitute a leveling layer group. The leveling box is provided with several leveling layer groups that are longitudinally spaced apart, and the leveling devices of adjacent leveling layer groups are staggered.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, the crushing device includes a crushing box, a crushing roller is provided inside the crushing box, and at least two first grinding rollers are provided below the crushing rollers. The first grinding rollers include a first rotating shaft, and a plurality of first grinding flanges are provided on the radial outer surface of the first rotating shaft at intervals along the axial direction of the first rotating shaft. The recessed area between adjacent first grinding flanges constitutes a first material passage gap.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, a second grinding roller is provided in the material equalization box below the material equalization layer group. The second grinding roller is provided with a hollow second rotating shaft. The interior of the second rotating shaft has an inner cavity connected to the second feeding device. Several second grinding flanges are provided on the radial outer surface of the second rotating shaft at intervals along the axial direction of the second rotating shaft. The recessed area between adjacent second grinding flanges forms a second material passage gap. Several water outlet holes with radial through hole structures are evenly distributed on the second material passage gap.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, a flow control device with a cylindrical structure is provided inside the water outlet, and an airbag ring made of elastic material is provided on the inner wall of the central hole of the flow control device.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, the top end face of the uniform feeder is provided with guide grooves.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages: 1. This invention achieves uniform dispersion of materials by setting a unique uniform mixer structure inside the uniform mixer box. When the material passes through the uniform mixer box, it is subjected to the action of the uniform mixer from multiple different positions and angles, which can fully mix the materials. This allows fly ash with different heavy metal contents to undergo a mixing and uniformization process before spraying the water chelating agent, reducing the phenomenon that the same raw materials will clump together after encountering water, which is difficult to mix even with mechanical stirring. This creates favorable conditions for the efficient operation of the subsequent stirring device.

[0016] 2. The stirring device in this invention adopts a double auger structure and a meandering material control structure on the longitudinal and transverse planes, which increases the material's travel distance and mixing time in the mixing tank, allowing the material to fully contact and mix.

[0017] 3. The device in this invention adopts a dual crushing structure of crushing roller and first grinding roller, which can effectively crush fly ash and break its agglomeration, making the fly ash particles more uniform and fine, providing a good material basis for subsequent processing, and helping to improve the stabilization treatment effect.

[0018] 4. The design of the second grinding roller in this invention enables the simultaneous addition of water and chelating agent during the grinding process, thereby improving the uniformity of the liquid raw material feed.

[0019] 5. This invention, through the flow control device inside the water outlet, can automatically adjust the outflow of liquid raw materials according to the internal cavity pressure, ensuring the stability of injection under different working conditions, further promoting the chemical reaction between heavy metals and chelating agents, and improving the quality of stabilization treatment.

[0020] 6. The various components of the equipment of this invention cooperate with each other to form an organic whole. From feeding, crushing, weighing, homogenizing to mixing, each step is closely connected, the material flows smoothly, and the processing is efficient and orderly. This overall synergy not only improves the effect of fly ash stabilization treatment, but also significantly improves the processing efficiency, which can meet the needs of large-scale waste incineration fly ash treatment and provides an effective technical solution for solving the problem of waste incineration fly ash treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a waste incineration fly ash stabilization treatment device in one embodiment; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial structural diagram of the intermediate crushing device; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Partial cross-sectional view of the intermediate crushing device; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the first grinding roller in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the stirring device; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the material feeding process of a single feeder; Figure 7 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the limiting block and the supporting block; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the material distribution cover in another embodiment; Figure 9 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first stirring component; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal mixing and material feeding of the first mixing component; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal plane mixing and material flow of the first and second mixing components; Figure 12 A simplified schematic diagram of the sprinkler pipe installation structure; Figure 13 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the material distribution box in another embodiment; Figure 14 for Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second grinding roller; Figure 15 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the second grinding roller; Figure 16 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the anti-leakage component installation structure in another embodiment.

[0023] The diagram shows the following components: 100, frame; 200, crushing device; 210, upper casing; 220, crushing roller; 230, baffle plate; 240, lower casing; 250, first grinding roller; 251, first rotating shaft; 252, first grinding bar; 253, first grinding flange; 254, first material passage gap; 300, weighing device; 400, first feeding device; 500, second feeding device; 600, mixing device; 610, mixing box; 620, material distribution box; 630, material distribution device; 631, base; 6311, anti-detachment edge; 632, limiting block; 633, support block; 634, material distribution cover; 6341, insertion hole; 6342, guide groove; 635, mounting rod; 636, spring. 640. Spring; 641. First stirring assembly; 642. Stirring motor; 643. Reducer; 644. Transmission box; 645. First spiral stirring shaft; 646. Second spiral stirring shaft; 647. First bearing seat; 648. Spiral blade; 649. Pounding block; 650. Second stirring assembly; 660. Spray pipe; 661. Outer pipe; 662. Inner pipe; 663. Connecting pipe; 664. Atomizing nozzle; 670. Second grinding roller; 671. Second rotating shaft; 672. Inner cavity; 673. Second grinding flange; 674. Second material passage gap; 675. Water outlet; 676. Flow control element; 6761. Airbag ring; 6762. Bubble chamber; 700. Lifting device. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention.

[0025] In the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0027] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] Example 1: Combination Figure 1 As shown in the illustration, this embodiment discloses a waste incineration fly ash stabilization treatment device, aiming to effectively solve the problem that some current fly ash stabilization treatment devices only use a conventional and simple mixer structure and do not pre-mix fly ash with different heavy metal contents, thus affecting the fly ash stabilization treatment effect. Through innovative equipment structure design, it achieves thorough pre-mixing of multiple fly ash types, optimizes the mixing process, improves the quality and stability of fly ash stabilization treatment, reduces potential environmental hazards, and improves treatment efficiency to meet the needs of large-scale waste incineration fly ash treatment.

[0029] In this embodiment, the waste incineration fly ash stabilization treatment equipment mainly includes a frame 100, and a crushing device 200, a weighing device 300 and a stirring device 600 distributed from top to bottom on the frame 100.

[0030] The frame 100, serving as the supporting structure for the entire equipment, is assembled from I-beams, providing a stable installation foundation for all components. A hoisting device 700, specifically a winch, is installed at the top of the frame 100. The winch, using wire ropes and other hoisting tools, can lift materials, especially fly ash, from the ground to the height of the frame 100, facilitating loading into the feed inlet of the elevated crushing unit 200. This design significantly reduces the labor intensity of manual feeding and improves feeding efficiency, making it particularly suitable for large-scale processing scenarios. It can quickly transport large quantities of fly ash into the crushing unit 200, ensuring the smooth operation of subsequent processing steps.

[0031] Combination Figures 2 to 4The crushing device 200 includes a crushing box, inside which are two cooperating crushing rollers 220. The two ends of the crushing rollers 220 are connected to the upper housing 210 of the crushing box via bearings, and one axial section of the crushing rollers 220 extends to the outside of the upper housing 210 and is connected to the crushing drive motor. The crushing rollers 220 are equipped with blades. After high-speed rotation, the blades on the two rollers cut in an alternating manner, which can crush and refine the particles and clumps in the fly ash. Several baffles 230 are provided on the inner wall of the crushing box outside the crushing rollers 220. The top of the baffles 230 is inclined, which helps to guide the material above to the top of the crushing rollers 220 and also prevents large particles from escaping to the bottom through the side gaps. Five horizontally fitted first grinding rollers 250 are provided below the crushing rollers 220.

[0032] Figure 4 The following example uses two rollers. Specifically, the first grinding roller 250 includes a first rotating shaft 251, which is a solid shaft structure. Its axial ends are connected to the lower housing 240 via bearings. A first grinding rod 252 is provided on the radial outer surface of the first rotating shaft 251. Six first grinding flanges 253 are provided on the outer surface of the first grinding rods 252, spaced axially along the first rotating shaft 251. The recessed areas between adjacent first grinding flanges 253 form a first material passage gap 254. During operation, two adjacent first grinding rollers 250 rotate towards each other, squeezing the fly ash located at the top of the adjacent sides inward and downward. The fly ash is subjected to a crushing effect as it passes through the two grinding rollers. The first material passage gap 254 provides a material passage path, allowing fine fly ash particles to directly pass through it. It should be noted that the surface of the first grinding flanges 253 is provided with anti-slip textures. This design is to prevent the material from slipping in place during grinding, thereby improving the grinding quality.

[0033] During operation, fly ash is poured into the inlet of the crushing device 200, where it is first crushed by the crushing rollers 220. The crushing rollers 220 are typically made of high-strength alloy material and have sharp crushing teeth, enabling them to quickly break larger pieces of fly ash into smaller particles. Subsequently, the initially crushed fly ash falls between the first grinding rollers 250, where it undergoes further fine crushing. Driven by the drive device, the first grinding rollers 250 rotate relative to each other, and the first grinding flanges 253 apply pressure to the fly ash particles, further refining them and breaking down any agglomerates that may exist within the fly ash. The double-crushed fly ash particles are more uniform and finer, which facilitates better contact and reaction with water and chelating agents during subsequent mixing, improving the stabilization effect.

[0034] The weighing device 300 adopts a split-suspension design and is located below the crushing device 200 to measure the weight of the falling fly ash. The weighing device 300 uses a high-precision weighing sensor to accurately measure the weight of the fly ash. When a preset threshold weight is reached, the weighing device 300, in conjunction with the control system, stops the crushing device 200, ensuring no further feeding. In this process, the crushing device 200 not only performs the task of crushing the fly ash but also controls the amount of fly ash fed, achieving an organic combination of crushing and feeding control. This ensures the accuracy and stability of the amount of fly ash processed each time, providing a reasonable material quantity for subsequent mixing processes. The first feeding device 400, located on one side of the crushing device 200, serves as an auxiliary feeding mechanism. Its specific structure is a screw conveyor, used to assist in supplying fly ash, achieving the effect of coordinated operation of multiple feeding mechanisms. Fly ash from different channels can be fed intermittently to allow for initial homogenization within the weighing device 300. For example, the specific operation involves first controlling 50 kg of the first type of fly ash to enter the weighing device 300, then controlling 50 kg of the second type of fly ash to enter the weighing device 300, and so on in a cyclical manner. The specific values ​​are determined based on actual operational needs and a reasonable proportion; this is only used as an illustrative example. It should be noted that different types of fly ash include, but are not limited to, secondary fly ash. Simply put, fly ash is the primary pollutant directly generated after incineration, while secondary fly ash is a newly generated secondary pollutant during deep treatment such as high-temperature melting of fly ash. This intermittent feeding and homogenization method allows fly ash with different heavy metal contents to be preliminarily mixed before entering the mixing device 600, reducing the mixing difficulty in the subsequent mixing process and improving the mixing uniformity. It should be noted that the weighing device 300 is existing technology; its specific structure and working principle will not be described in detail here. Those skilled in the art can select and implement it from existing technologies based on actual operational conditions. In other embodiments, different types of fly ash can also be fed uniformly from the input end above the weighing device 300.

[0035] like Figure 5 As shown, the stirring device 600 includes a stirring box 610 with material inlet and outlet at the top and bottom ends, respectively. The stirring box 610 is provided with two stirring components, namely a first stirring component 640 and a second stirring component 650, which are arranged facing each other and longitudinally spaced apart. In this embodiment, the first stirring component 640 is located above the second stirring component 650.

[0036] Furthermore, combined Figure 9As shown, the first stirring assembly 640 includes a first spiral stirring shaft 644 and a second spiral stirring shaft 645 that are horizontally arranged and spaced parallel to each other. The working ends of the first spiral stirring shaft 644 and the second spiral stirring shaft 645 are located inside the mixing tank 610, forming a double auger structure. This double auger structure design allows the material to be subjected to two spiral stirring forces in opposite directions within the mixing tank 610, enabling more thorough mixing.

[0037] The first spiral stirring shaft 644 and the second spiral stirring shaft 645 are connected to the housing of the mixing box 610 at their axial ends via the first bearing seat 646 and the second bearing seat 647, respectively. The first spiral stirring shaft 644 and the second spiral stirring shaft 645 extend from one side of the first bearing seat 646 to the outside of the mixing box 610 and are connected to the stirring motor 641, the reducer 642, and the transmission box 643. It should be noted that, through gear transmission within the transmission box 643, the first spiral stirring shaft 644 and the second spiral stirring shaft 645 rotate in opposite directions during operation. Figure 9 For example, if we take the stirring motor 641 side as the observation side, the first spiral stirring shaft 644 rotates counterclockwise, and the second spiral stirring shaft 645 rotates clockwise. (Refer to...) Figure 10 As shown, this spiral design causes the material directly above the first spiral stirring shaft 644 to move from right to left during operation, while the material directly above the second spiral stirring shaft 645 moves from left to right. This movement represents the overall trend of the material within the area. Some material will descend through the adjacent central area of ​​the first and second spiral stirring shafts 644 and 645, while some material will be driven down through the gap between the first and second spiral stirring shafts 644, the second spiral stirring shaft 645, and the inner wall of the mixing tank 610 by the tumbling action of the spiral blades 648. This structure can delay the time it takes for the material to pass through the stirring shafts, mainly utilizing the gap between the two stirring shafts for downward material transport. The material is repeatedly stirred and compressed between the two stirring shafts, further improving the mixing uniformity and thus enhancing the mixing quality. Furthermore, several tamping blocks 649, which are radial flange structures, are also provided in the gap between the spiral blades 648 on the first and second spiral stirring shafts 644 and 645. The mixing block 649 can increase the mixing action, and further agitate and mix the materials during the stirring process, making the material interaction and mixing more diverse and thorough. This ensures that the heavy metals in fly ash can fully react with the chelating agent to generate stable chelates, thereby improving the effect of fly ash stabilization treatment.

[0038] Figure 9 and Figure 10 The situation shown is a mixing assembly located on the same horizontal plane within the mixing tank 610. Further reference... Figure 11As shown, the mixing tank 610 contains two longitudinally spaced mixing components. The spiral mixing shafts of the upper and lower mixing components rotate in opposite directions; that is, the two spiral mixing shafts located on the front side rotate counterclockwise and clockwise, forming a meandering material control structure in the longitudinal plane, as shown. Figure 11 Taking the above as an example, the material, influenced by the first stirring component, flows from left to right. Some of the material then descends to the right side, where it is influenced by the second stirring component below, flowing from right to left, and also meandering horizontally on the horizontal plane. This structure increases the material's travel distance during stirring. The material does not descend in a straight line within the mixing tank 610, but rather moves in a meandering motion along the rotation direction of the spiral stirring shaft. This helps the material in different areas mix, allowing for full contact and exchange between materials at different locations, improving stirring quality, ensuring uniform mixing of fly ash, water, and chelating agents, and achieving sufficient stabilization of heavy metals.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, a material distribution box 620 is provided on the top of the mixing tank 610. The material distribution box 620 contains several material distributors 630 evenly spaced along the cross-section of the material flow path. Each material distributor 630 includes a base 631, the bottom of which is connected to the inner wall of the material distribution box 620 via a mounting rod 635. Figure 6 As shown, the longitudinal profile of the base 631 is U-shaped. A material leveling cover 634 is movably fitted onto the top of the base 631. The longitudinal profile of the material leveling cover 634 is D-shaped, with a horizontal end face at its bottom and an insertion hole 6341 at the center of the bottom end face. The top of the base 631 is inserted into the material leveling cover 634 through the insertion hole 6341, and the top of the base 631 has an outwardly extending anti-detachment edge 6311. This design firstly ensures that the top end face of the material leveling cover 634 is a rounded curved structure, allowing materials to slide off quickly when they come into contact with the cover, preventing material accumulation on the cover. Secondly, the anti-detachment edge 6311 prevents the material leveling cover 634 from easily detaching during frequent movement relative to the base 631, ensuring stable and durable operation and enabling it to effectively perform its material leveling function for a long time.

[0040] The top center of the material distribution cover 634 is raised, forming a splashing platform structure for dispersing material in all directions after receiving it. A longitudinally elastic sliding support block 633 is connected to the inner groove of the base 631. The support block 633 has a cylindrical structure with a recessed groove at its bottom for the spring 636 to limit its movement. The upper and lower ends of the support block 633 abut against the material distribution cover 634 and the base 631, respectively. A limiting block 632 is provided at the bottom of the inner groove of the base 631. A spring 636 abuts between the top of the limiting block 632 and the bottom of the support block 633, combining... Figure 7As shown, spring 636 provides longitudinal elastic support for support block 633. When material falls onto the uniform distribution cover 634, it applies a downward pressure to the cover and support block 633, compressing spring 636. This firstly acts as a buffer, reducing the impact of material on the uniform distributor 630 and protecting it from damage. Secondly, due to its own elasticity, the spring 636's return motion causes support block 633 to "respond" upward after being compressed, pulling the uniform distribution cover 634 upward. This action accelerates the splashing and sliding of material at the top, increasing the uniform distribution rate and expanding the splashing range, thus improving the uniform distribution effect. Through this unique design of the uniform distributor 630, uniform dispersion of material is achieved, providing a good prerequisite for subsequent thorough mixing.

[0041] Combination Figure 12 For example, in this embodiment, the leveling devices 630 located on the same horizontal plane inside the leveling box 620 constitute a leveling layer group. A spray pipe 660 is provided on the inner wall of the leveling box 620 below the leveling device 630. Specifically, the spray pipe 660 includes an outer pipe 661 and an inner pipe 662 respectively disposed on the outer and inner sides of the leveling box 620. The inner pipe 662 is located below the leveling device 630 inside the leveling box 620. Multiple atomizing nozzles 664 are provided at the bottom of the inner pipe 662, which can spray in a mist to improve the uniformity of liquid material addition. The inner pipe 662 and the outer pipe 661 are connected in parallel via a connecting pipe 663 that penetrates the leveling box 620. The input end of the outer pipe 661 is connected to a second feeding device 500 disposed on the frame 100. The second feeding device 500 is used for liquid materials, specifically water and chelating agents, which can be transported independently or as a mixture. Before the material enters the mixing tank 610 after being premixed by the homogenizer 630, the second feeding device 500 mixes an appropriate amount of water and chelating agent and then sprays the mixture evenly onto the material using a water pump and spray pipe 660. This ensures that the material has already come into initial contact with the liquid raw materials when it enters the mixing tank 610, preparing it for thorough mixing and reaction in the mixing tank 610, and further improving the efficiency and effectiveness of the entire process.

[0042] During implementation, the electrical control systems and mechanical transmission systems of various components, including the hoisting device 700, crushing device 200, weighing device 300, and mixing device 600, are inspected to ensure normal operation. All sensors, valves, and other components are debugged and calibrated to ensure accurate measurement and sensitive operation. The hoisting device 700 is activated to lift the fly ash from the ground to a height of the frame 100 and pour it into the inlet of the crushing device 200. The fly ash first enters the crushing chamber and undergoes initial crushing under the action of the crushing roller 220. The high-speed rotation of the crushing roller 220 breaks larger pieces of fly ash into smaller particles. Subsequently, the fly ash after initial crushing falls between the first grinding rollers 250. Driven by the drive device, the first grinding rollers 250 rotate relative to each other, and the first grinding flange 253 applies pressure to the fly ash particles for fine crushing, further refining the fly ash particles and breaking down their agglomeration structure. The double-crushed fly ash particles are uniformly fine and fall into the weighing device 300 through the outlet below the crushing device 200. The weighing device 300 measures the weight of the falling fly ash in real time. When the weight reaches a preset threshold, the weighing device 300 sends a signal to the control system, which then controls the crushing device 200 to stop operation and stop feeding. Simultaneously, the first feeding device 400, located on one side of the crushing device 200, begins feeding another type of fly ash material according to a pre-set program. Using intermittent feeding, a certain weight of fly ash is first controlled to enter the weighing device 300, followed by a corresponding weight of another type of fly ash, ensuring the different types of fly ash are uniformly mixed within the weighing device 300. The specific weight ratio is determined based on actual operational needs and fly ash composition. For example, a 1:0.05 weight ratio of fly ash to secondary fly ash can be used. Through multiple intermittent feedings, the required amount of material for one operational cycle is ensured within the weighing device 300. After the weighing device 300 weighs the required amount of material for one work cycle, it opens the valve structure at its bottom, allowing the fly ash mixture to fall into the uniform material box 620 of the mixing device 600. The material first comes into contact with the uniform feeder 630 inside the uniform material box 620. Under the action of the material, the uniform cover 634 of the uniform feeder 630 compresses the spring 636, causing the support block 633 to move downward. At the same time, the material is splashed and diffused in all directions under the action of the splashing platform structure and the guide pattern 6342 on the top of the uniform cover 634, achieving premixing before mixing. The second feeding device 500 mixes an appropriate amount of water and chelating agent and then conveys it to the inside of the uniform material box 620 through the spray pipe 660 for uniform atomization spraying. After the premixed material and liquid raw material are added, the material enters the mixing tank 610, and the mixing components inside the mixing tank 610 begin to work. The first spiral mixing shaft 644 and the second spiral mixing shaft 645 rotate relative to each other under the drive of the drive device, forming a double auger structure. The spiral stirring shafts of adjacent stirring components rotate in opposite directions, forming a meandering material control structure on the longitudinal plane, which increases the material travel distance within the mixing tank 610.The spiral blades 648 on the first spiral stirring shaft 644 and the second spiral stirring shaft 645, located in the same group, rotate in the same direction but opposite directions, forming a meandering material control structure in the transverse plane, delaying the time it takes for the material to pass through the stirring shaft. Simultaneously, the tamping blocks 649 located in the gaps between the spiral blades 648 on the first and second spiral stirring shafts 644 and 645 provide additional agitation and mixing of the material, making the material mixing more diverse and thorough. After sufficient meandering stirring within the mixing tank 610, the material reaches a uniformly mixed state, and the heavy metals in the fly ash react fully with the chelating agent to form stable chelates, achieving fly ash stabilization treatment. The thoroughly stirred material is discharged from the outlet at the bottom of the mixing tank 610, entering the subsequent collection or landfill treatment stage. At this point, a complete fly ash stabilization treatment cycle is completed, and the equipment can continue to the next cycle of processing.

[0043] Example 2: Based on Example 1, combined with Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the top end face of the uniform feeder 630 is provided with a guide pattern 6342, which adopts a spiral flange structure. During the material sliding process, the guide pattern 6342 plays an appropriate guiding role, helping the material to splash in a certain direction and trajectory, making the material splashing more uniform and efficient, further improving the uniform feeding effect, and ensuring that the material can enter the mixing tank 610 for mixing more evenly. In other embodiments, the guide pattern 6342 can also adopt a groove structure, and its contour can be flexibly adjusted according to actual design requirements, such as a straight line or a wavy line.

[0044] Example 3: Based on Example 1, combined with Figures 13 to 15As shown, in this embodiment, a second grinding roller 670 is provided inside the uniform material box 620 below the uniform material layer group. The second grinding roller 670 has a hollow second rotating shaft 671. The interior of the second rotating shaft 671 has an inner cavity 672 connected to the second feeding device 500 (one axial end of the second rotating shaft 671 extends to the outside of the uniform material box 620 and is connected to the output pipe of the second feeding device 500 through a universal pipe joint). Several second grinding flanges 673 are provided on the radial outer surface of the second rotating shaft 671 at intervals along the axial direction of the second rotating shaft 671. The recessed area between adjacent second grinding flanges 673 forms a second material passage gap 674. Several radially through-hole water outlets 675 are evenly distributed on the second material passage gap 674. This structure can grind the premixed material in a timely manner to further refine the material particles, while water and chelating agents are added simultaneously during the grinding process. Water and chelating agent are delivered to the inner cavity 672 of the second rotating shaft 671 through the second feeding device 500, and then sprayed out evenly from the water outlet 675 to fully contact the material being crushed, thereby improving the uniformity of the liquid raw material feed, enabling water and chelating agent to mix better with fly ash, promoting the chemical reaction between heavy metals and chelating agent, and improving the stabilization treatment effect.

[0045] Example 4: Based on Example 3, combined with Figure 16 As shown, in this embodiment, a flow control element 676 with a cylindrical structure is provided inside the water outlet 675. An air bladder ring 6761 made of an elastic material (such as rubber or silicone) is provided on the inner wall of the central hole of the flow control element 676. The air bladder ring 6761 has a circular structure in the radial plane, and the interior of the air bladder ring 6761 is a bubble chamber 6762. The presence of the bubble chamber 6762 allows the air bladder ring 6761 to have a certain elastic deformation space. The air bladder ring 6761 is only compressed when the internal pressure exceeds a threshold pressure, causing the inner diameter of the central hole of the flow control element 676 to increase, allowing the internal liquid raw material to pass through the water outlet 675. When the internal pressure is less than the threshold pressure, an automatic closing effect is achieved. This design facilitates precise opening and closing control of the water outlet 675 and can automatically adjust the outflow of water and chelating agent according to the pressure changes in the inner cavity 672 of the second rotating shaft 671, ensuring the stability of liquid raw material injection under different operating conditions. Under certain operating conditions, when the equipment operating speed or material processing volume changes, the flow control component 676 can also play a self-adjusting tensioning role, further ensuring that the liquid raw materials are evenly injected into the material.

[0046] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste incineration fly ash stabilization treatment device, comprising a frame (100), on which a crushing device (200), a weighing device (300), and a stirring device (600) are arranged sequentially from top to bottom, characterized in that, The mixing device (600) includes a mixing tank (610) with material inlet and outlet at the top and bottom ends, respectively. The mixing tank (610) is equipped with a mixing assembly, which includes a first spiral mixing shaft (644) and a second spiral mixing shaft (645) that are horizontally arranged and parallel to each other. The working ends of the first spiral mixing shaft (644) and the second spiral mixing shaft (645) are located inside the mixing tank (610) to form a double auger structure. A material distribution box (620) is provided on the top of the mixing tank (610). The material distribution box (620) is equipped with a number of material distributors (630) that are evenly distributed at intervals on the cross section of the material passage. Each material distributor (630) includes a base (631). The bottom of the base (631) is connected to the inner wall of the material distribution box (620) through a mounting rod (635). The longitudinal profile of the base (631) is U-shaped. A uniform material cover (634) is movably fitted on the top of the base (631). The center of the top surface of the uniform material cover (634) is raised, forming a splashing platform structure that disperses the material to the surrounding area after receiving it. A support block (633) that can slide elastically in the longitudinal direction is connected in the inner groove of the base (631). The upper and lower ends of the support block (633) abut against the uniform material cover (634) and the base (631) respectively. The input end of the weighing device (300) is also connected to a first feeding device (400) set on the frame (100). The inner wall of the uniform material box (620) located below the uniform material device (630) is provided with a spray pipe (660). The input end of the spray pipe (660) is connected to a second feeding device (500) set on the frame (100). The first feeding device (400) and the second feeding device (500) are used to transport solid and liquid materials respectively.

2. The waste incineration fly ash stabilization treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing tank (610) is provided with several sets of longitudinally spaced mixing components. The spiral mixing shafts of adjacent mixing components rotate in opposite directions, forming a meandering material control structure on the longitudinal plane.

3. A waste incineration fly ash stabilization treatment device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The spiral blades (648) on the first spiral stirring shaft (644) and the second spiral stirring shaft (645) located in the same group have the same direction of rotation, and the working directions of the first spiral stirring shaft (644) and the second spiral stirring shaft (645) are opposite, forming a meandering material control structure on the transverse plane.

4. The waste incineration fly ash stabilization treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal profile of the uniform material cover (634) is a "D" shaped structure. Its bottom is a horizontal end face structure and a plug hole (6341) is provided at the center of the bottom end face. The top of the base (631) is inserted into the uniform material cover (634) through the plug hole (6341) and the top of the base (631) is provided with an outwardly extending anti-detachment edge (6311).

5. A waste incineration fly ash stabilization treatment device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the inner groove of the base (631) is provided with a limiting block (632), and a spring (636) abuts between the top of the limiting block (632) and the bottom of the supporting block (633).

6. The waste incineration fly ash stabilization treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The leveling box (620) contains leveling devices (630) located on the same horizontal plane, forming a leveling layer group. The leveling box (620) is provided with several leveling layer groups that are longitudinally spaced apart, and the leveling devices (630) of adjacent leveling layer groups are staggered.

7. The waste incineration fly ash stabilization treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing device (200) includes a crushing box, a crushing roller (220) is provided inside the crushing box, and at least two first grinding rollers (250) are provided below the crushing roller (220) in horizontal contact. The first grinding roller (250) includes a first rotating shaft (251), and a plurality of first grinding flanges (253) are provided on the radial outer surface of the first rotating shaft (251) at intervals along the axial direction of the first rotating shaft (251). The recessed area between adjacent first grinding flanges (253) constitutes a first material passage gap (254).

8. The waste incineration fly ash stabilization treatment equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The material leveling box (620) is provided with a second grinding roller (670) located below the material leveling layer group. The second grinding roller (670) is provided with a hollow second rotating shaft (671). The interior of the second rotating shaft (671) has an inner cavity (672) connected to the second feeding device (500). The radial outer surface of the second rotating shaft (671) is provided with a plurality of second grinding flanges (673) distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the second rotating shaft (671). The recessed area between adjacent second grinding flanges (673) forms a second material passage gap (674). The second material passage gap (674) is provided with a plurality of radial through-hole structure water outlet holes (675).

9. The waste incineration fly ash stabilization treatment equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outlet hole (675) is provided with a flow control element (676) with a cylindrical structure, and the inner wall of the central hole of the flow control element (676) is provided with an airbag ring (6761) made of elastic material.

10. The waste incineration fly ash stabilization treatment equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top end face of the feeder (630) is provided with guide lines (6342).

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