Pressure vessel assembly fixing mechanism

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of container manufacturing, and discloses a pressure container assembling and fixing mechanism, which comprises two first support assemblies for supporting and driving two sections of pressure container pipe bodies to move axially, two detection assemblies for monitoring the circularity of the end faces of the pressure container pipe bodies, two transmission assemblies connected with the detection assemblies and used for driving the detection assemblies to make circular motion around the end faces of the pipe bodies, and two moving assemblies connected with the transmission assemblies and capable of moving with the transmission assemblies. The pressure container assembling and fixing mechanism adopts a three-stage process of detection, coarse calibration and fine calibration, drives the monitoring sensors to scan the circularity of the end faces of the pipe bodies by 360 degrees through the transmission assemblies, accurately identifies the ellipticity deviation, corrects the protruding parts through the coarse calibration assembly driven by the hydraulic pressure, and realizes secondary shaping through the gradually changing inner diameter of the horn-shaped fine calibration assembly, so that the misalignment problem of the girth welding is eliminated from the root, and the welding quality and operation safety of the pressure container are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of container manufacturing technology, specifically to a pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing process of large pressure vessels, the circumferential seam assembly of the shell and the head (or the shell section and the shell section) is a key step. The formed shell often has varying degrees of ellipticity error. At present, in addition to the traditional "crane hoisting + manual assistance" mode, some automated pressure vessel assembly and alignment equipment has also emerged in the industry.

[0003] However, existing automated alignment equipment still has many shortcomings in practical applications: First, most of them use single-stage hard extrusion or a single mechanism to forcibly round the tube. For large tubes with large elliptic deviations, the accuracy of a single correction is limited and it is difficult to adapt to complex springback characteristics. Second, there is a lack of accurate real-time detection and following mechanism for end face ellipticity. The correction amount is often set based on experience, which is highly blind. Third, the baffles or limiting devices used for tube alignment are often difficult to automatically avoid after the tubes are joined, which can easily interfere with subsequent automatic circumferential welding operations.

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism, aiming to solve the problems of insufficient calibration accuracy, lack of closed-loop detection, and interference welding of positioning baffles in existing automated equipment. It provides an automated assembly mechanism that integrates scanning detection, hydraulic coarse calibration, and horn tube fine calibration. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism that enables safer and more convenient alignment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism, comprising: Two first support components are used to support and drive the axial movement of the two pressure vessel pipe sections; Two detection components are used to monitor the roundness of the end face of the pressure vessel tube; Two transmission components are connected to the detection component and are used to drive the detection component to perform circular motion around the end face of the tube. Two movable components are connected to the transmission component and can move accordingly; Two coarse calibration components, mounted on the movable component, include several radially distributed hydraulically driven blocks for coarse calibration of the pressure vessel tube body; Two fine calibration components, including a flared tube with a gradually changing inner diameter, are used for secondary extrusion fine calibration of the tube after coarse calibration; The positioning component is used to limit the movement distance of the pressure vessel tube, and the transmission component is provided with a linkage structure that cooperates with the positioning component to drive the positioning component to rotate away from the end face of the tube after the tube is in position. Two second support components are used to support the fine calibration component and are slidably connected to the transmission component.

[0007] Furthermore, the first support assembly includes a first frame, a first motor, an even number of wheels, and a number of first rods equal to the number of wheels. The bottom surface of the first frame is fixedly connected to an external support. The other end of the first frame is respectively fitted and rotatably connected to the outer wall of one end of the first rods. The other end of the first rods is fixedly connected to the central axis of the wheels. The outer wall of the first motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first frame near the first rod. The output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to one of the first rods. The circumferential surface of the wheels is an arc surface with the same curvature as the outer wall of the pressure vessel tube. The wheels are evenly divided into two groups, and the two groups of wheels are located on both sides of the pressure vessel tube.

[0008] Furthermore, the detection assembly includes a second block and a monitoring sensor. One end of the second block is connected to one of the transmission components, and the other end of the second block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the monitoring sensor. The detection end of the monitoring sensor faces the surface of the pressure vessel tube.

[0009] Furthermore, both transmission components include a fourth frame, a gear ring, a third rod, a gear, a second motor, and a fifth rod. One end of each of the two fourth frames is fixedly connected to one end of each of the two fifth rods. The other ends of each of the two fifth rods are connected to two second support components. The other end of each fourth frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second motor. The output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to one end of the third rod. The other end of the third rod is fixedly connected to the central shaft of the gear. The inner wall of the gear ring is connected to the moving component. The gear meshes with the gear ring. One end of the third rod is fixedly connected to a third block. The other end of the third block is connected to the positioning component. The ends of the two gear rings that are far apart from each other are fixedly connected to the two second blocks.

[0010] Furthermore, the coarse calibration assembly includes several fourth rods, several fifth blocks, and several hydraulic rods. The outer walls of the hydraulic rods are all connected to the outer wall of the moving assembly. The output ends of the hydraulic rods are fixedly connected to one end of the fourth rod. The other ends of the fourth rods all penetrate into the moving assembly and are fixedly connected to one side of the fifth blocks respectively. The other side of the fifth blocks faces the pressure vessel tube. The side of the fifth blocks facing the pressure vessel tube is an arc surface, and the curvature of the arc surface is the same as the curvature of the outer wall of the pressure vessel tube. A rubber pad is fixedly connected to the arc surface of the fifth block.

[0011] Furthermore, the precision calibration assembly includes a second tube body, a horn tube body, a second annular plate body, and a second bearing. The inner ring of the second bearing is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second annular plate body, and the outer ring of the second bearing is connected to the second support assembly. One side of the second annular plate body is fixedly connected to the end of the horn tube body with a larger opening, and the other side of the second annular plate body is connected to the moving assembly. The end of the horn tube body with a smaller opening is fixedly connected to one end of the second tube body. It also includes a hydraulic internal expansion mandrel coaxially inserted inside the pressure vessel tube. The outer wall of the hydraulic internal expansion mandrel is provided with several follow-up support blocks, which are used to provide radial internal support when the tube enters the horn tube for compression, to prevent the tube from buckling and becoming unstable. The inner wall of the horn tube is provided with several sets of roller bearing assemblies and high-pressure lubricating oil grooves in a ring array, which are used to convert sliding friction into rolling friction and provide lubrication when the tube is squeezed in.

[0012] Furthermore, the moving assembly includes a first tube, a first bearing, a first annular plate, several fourth blocks, and several third plates. The inner ring of the first bearing is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of the first tube, and the outer ring of the first bearing is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the gear ring. The inner wall of the first tube at the end away from the first bearing is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first annular plate. One end of each of the several third plates is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first annular plate, and the other end of each of the several third plates passes through the second annular plate and is fixedly connected to the several fourth blocks respectively. The outer walls of several hydraulic rods in the same coarse calibration assembly are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first tube. Several fifth blocks in the same coarse calibration assembly are located inside the first tube, and the hydraulic rods and the fifth blocks are located between the first bearing and the first annular plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the positioning assembly includes a third frame, a second rod, a first block, and a second plate. One end of the third frame is connected to one of the second support components, and the other end of the third frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first block. The inner wall of the first block is rotatably connected to one end of the second rod, and the other end of the second rod is fixedly connected to one end of the second plate. The other end of the second plate faces the pressure vessel tube, and the second rod is connected to the third block.

[0014] Furthermore, a slot is formed on the inner wall of the second rod near the end of the first block, and the outer wall of the third block is slidably connected to the slot. The third block and the slot have the same shape, and the cross-sections of the third block and the slot on the first surface are both non-circular. The first surface is parallel to the hole surface of the slot.

[0015] Furthermore, each of the two second support components includes a first plate and a second frame. The lower ends of the two second frames are respectively fixedly connected to the two first plates. The upper ends of the two second frames are respectively sleeved and fixedly connected to the outer rings of the two second bearings. The lower end of the third frame is fixedly connected to one of the first plates. The end of the fifth rod away from the fourth frame is slidably connected to the first plate. The bottom surfaces of the two first plates are respectively fixedly connected to the external bracket. The external drive unit includes a heavy-duty guide rail, a thrust flange, and symmetrically arranged heavy-duty double-acting hydraulic cylinders. The hydraulic cylinders contact the end face of the pressure vessel tube through the thrust flange to provide axial compressive thrust.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism adopts a three-stage process of detection, coarse calibration, and fine calibration. The transmission component drives the monitoring sensor to scan the circumference of the tube end face 360° to accurately identify ellipticity deviation. The hydraulically driven coarse calibration component specifically corrects the protruding parts. Then, the horn-shaped fine calibration component achieves secondary shaping through the gradual inner diameter. This eliminates the misalignment problem of circumferential welds at the source and greatly improves the welding quality and operational safety of the pressure vessel. Compared to the traditional crane hoisting and manual alignment mode, this pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism automates the entire process of pipe body transportation, deviation detection, automatic correction, and alignment fixing, shortening the calibration and alignment time of a single pipe body. It eliminates the need for repeated adjustments and hammering corrections, effectively adapting to the mass production needs of large pressure vessels and shortening the production cycle. This pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism eliminates the need for personnel to work under suspended heavy objects throughout the entire process. It uses arc-shaped wheels to stably support the pipe body and hydraulic components to rigidly clamp and correct it, thus avoiding the safety risks of the pipe body slipping, rolling, and falling during manual correction. This pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism features a mechanical linkage design between the positioning component and the transmission component, eliminating the need for an additional drive device. Once the pipe reaches the set position, it automatically rotates away from the baffle, ensuring precise control of the gap between the two pipe sections and preventing the baffle from interfering with the welding operation. The overall structure has high integration, strong operational reliability, and low daily maintenance costs. The pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism uses a rubber pad buffer design for the arc-shaped pressure block of the coarse calibration component. This design prevents scratches on the outer wall of the tube during calibration and avoids localized stress concentration in the material, thus ensuring the structural integrity of the pressure vessel. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the invention from another perspective; Figure 3 This is a detailed connection diagram of the first support component, the second support component, the third frame, and the fourth frame of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Explosion diagrams of various components; Figure 5 This is a detailed connection diagram of the transmission assembly, moving assembly, and detection assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Explosion diagrams of various components; Figure 7 This is a detailed connection diagram of the positioning component, transmission component, and moving component of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the moving component, coarse calibration component, and fine calibration component of the present invention. Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the various components from another perspective.

[0018] In the picture: 1. First support assembly; 11. First frame; 12. Wheels; 13. First motor; 14. First rod; 2. Second support component; 21. First plate; 22. Second frame; 3. Positioning component; 31. Third frame; 32. Second rod; 321. Slot; 33. First block; 34. Second plate; 4. Transmission assembly; 41. Fourth frame; 42. Gear ring; 43. Third rod; 44. Gear; 45. Second motor; 46. Third block; 47. Fifth rod; 5. Moving component; 51. First tube body; 52. Fourth block body; 53. First bearing; 54. Third plate body; 55. First annular plate body; 6. Detection component; 61. Second block; 62. Monitoring sensor; 7. Coarse calibration assembly; 71. Fourth rod; 72. Fifth block; 73. Hydraulic rod; 8. Precision calibration assembly; 81. Second tube body; 82. Horn tube body; 83. Second annular plate body; 84. Second bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0020] Please see Figures 1-10 A pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism, comprising: Two first support components 1 are used to support and drive the two sections of the pressure vessel tube body to move axially. Two detection components 6 are used to monitor the roundness of the end face of the pressure vessel tube; Two transmission components 4 are connected to the detection component 6 and are used to drive the detection component 6 to make a circular motion around the end face of the tube. Two movable components 5 are connected to the transmission component 4 and can move accordingly; Two coarse calibration components 7 are installed on the movable component 5, including several radially distributed hydraulically driven blocks, for coarse calibration of the pressure vessel tube body; Two fine calibration components 8, including a horn-shaped tube body 82 with a gradually changing inner diameter, are used to perform secondary extrusion fine calibration on the tube body after coarse calibration; Positioning component 3 is used to limit the movement distance of the pressure vessel tube, and the transmission component 4 is provided with a linkage structure that cooperates with positioning component 3 to drive positioning component 3 to rotate away from the end face of the tube after the tube is in position. Two second support components 2 are used to support the fine calibration component 8 and are slidably connected to the transmission component 4; Specifically, firstly, the two sections of pressure vessel pipe to be assembled are placed on the two sets of first support components 1 by external hoisting equipment. The first support components 1 push the pipe to move towards the precision calibration component 8. When the end of the pipe enters the detection range of the detection component 6, the transmission component 4 drives the detection component 6 to make a circular motion around the end face of the pipe, scans the arc of the detection end face, and determines whether there is an ellipticity deviation. If a deviation is detected, the coarse calibration component 7 will squeeze and correct the protruding part according to the detection data. The detection and correction will be repeated until the end face curvature meets the coarse calibration threshold. After the coarse calibration is completed, the first support component 1 will continue to push the tube into the fine calibration component 8 for secondary fine calibration to control the end face accuracy within the welding requirements. In addition, the positioning component 3 restricts the final feed position of the tube body. After confirming that the two tube body end faces are aligned, the transmission component 4 drives the positioning component 3 to rotate away from the tube body end face, and then the circumferential welding operation can be carried out. The whole process realizes the automated operation from end face detection, two-level calibration to alignment and fixation, effectively reducing the error and safety risk of manual adjustment.

[0021] Furthermore, in order to enable the first support assembly 1 to support the two sections of the pressure vessel tube respectively, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first support assembly 1 includes a first frame 11, a first motor 13, an even number of wheels 12, and a number of first rods 14 equal to the number of wheels 12. The bottom surface of the first frame 11 is fixedly connected to the external support. The other end of the first frame 11 is respectively sleeved and rotatably connected to the outer wall of one end of the first rods 14. The other end of the first rods 14 is fixedly connected to the central axis of the wheels 12 respectively. The outer wall of the first motor 13 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first frame 11 near the end of the first rod 14. The output shaft of the first motor 13 is fixedly connected to one of the first rods 14. The circumferential surface of the wheels 12 is an arc surface with the same curvature as the outer wall of the pressure vessel tube, and the wheels 12 are evenly divided into two groups, with the two groups of wheels 12 located on both sides of the pressure vessel tube respectively. Specifically, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, by setting up two first support components 1 consisting of a first frame 11, a first motor 13, a wheel 12 and a first rod 14, when in use, the two pressure vessel pipes only need to be placed on the wheel 12 of the two first support components 1 by external cranes or other equipment to ensure the stability of the pressure vessel pipes. Moreover, this process does not require much technical expertise and can be quickly operated by ordinary crane operators. Subsequently, the first motor 13 is started. The output shaft of the first motor 13 rotates, causing the first rod 14 connected to the first motor 13 to rotate. Then, the first rod 14 will cause the wheel 12 to rotate. Since the circumferential surface of several wheels 12 has the same curvature as the outer wall of the pressure vessel tube, as this wheel 12 rotates, it can work with the other several wheels 12 to push the pressure vessel tube towards the direction of the second support component 2. When the pressure vessel tube moves to a position that can be detected by the detection component 6, the first motor 13 is turned off. Then, the detection component 6 can detect the circumference of the end of the pressure vessel tube to determine whether the end of the pressure vessel tube is "round" (for example, if it is elliptical, a part will be higher than the set height, and vice versa). After that, the detection component 6 can transmit this part of the data to the external processor for processing, and then the coarse calibration component 7 is activated by the external controller to perform coarse calibration (the specific calibration method will be explained in detail later). After the coarse calibration component 7 performs coarse calibration on the end of the pressure vessel tube, the coarse calibration component 7 releases the pressure vessel tube and then continues to start the first motor 13. The first motor 13 continues to transport the coarsely calibrated pressure vessel tube into the moving component 5 until the end of the pressure vessel tube is stuck inside the fine calibration component 8 and can no longer move, then it stops. At this point, the coarse calibration component 7 is activated again. The coarse calibration component 7 clamps the pressure vessel tube body and then, through an external drive device, the coarse calibration component 7, the pressure vessel tube body clamped by the coarse calibration component 7, and the moving component 5 continue to move toward the fine calibration component 8 (before this, there is a certain distance between the moving component 5 and the fine calibration component 8, and the two do not contact each other). This allows the end of the pressure vessel tube body to enter the interior of the fine calibration component 8 and be calibrated into a more "round" shape. After that, the moving component 5, the coarse calibration component 7, and the pressure vessel tube body clamped by the coarse calibration component 7 continue to move until the end face of the pressure vessel tube body abuts against the positioning component 3 and then stops. It should be noted that the "external support" mentioned above can be any fixed frame inside the factory or the factory floor itself; there are no specific limitations. In addition, the aforementioned "external drive device" includes a heavy-duty guide rail, a moving trolley, a thrust flange, and two sets of symmetrically arranged heavy-duty double-acting hydraulic cylinders. The moving trolley is slidably mounted on the heavy-duty guide rail, and the end of the pressure vessel tube away from the precision calibration component 8 is in contact with the thrust flange surface. The output ends of the two sets of heavy-duty double-acting hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected to the moving trolley. In use, a powerful axial translation thrust is provided by a large-tonnage double-acting hydraulic cylinder (e.g., a single cylinder with a rated thrust of 500 tons). The thrust flange ensures that the thrust is evenly distributed on the end face of the tube, avoiding local stress concentration that could lead to damage or buckling deformation of the tube end.

[0022] Furthermore, in order to enable the detection component 6 to monitor the curvature of the adjacent end faces of the two pressure vessel tubes respectively, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the detection component 6 includes a second block 61 and a monitoring sensor 62. One end of the second block 61 is connected to one of the transmission components 4, and the other end of the second block 61 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the monitoring sensor 62. The detection end of the monitoring sensor 62 faces the surface of the pressure vessel tube. Specifically, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, during installation, the monitoring sensor 62 is mounted on the transmission assembly 4 via the second block 61, which ensures the stability of the monitoring sensor 62 during the detection process. In addition, when detecting the ellipticity of the end of the pressure vessel tube, simply turn on the monitoring sensor 62. The monitoring sensor 62 can then detect the distance between itself and the outer surface of the pressure vessel tube, thereby obtaining data. This data is then transmitted to an external processor for analysis and processing. If the ellipticity of the pressure vessel tube is detected to be outside the set range, the coarse calibration component 7 can be activated by the external controller to perform coarse calibration. Furthermore, since the pressure vessel tube is a tubular object, the monitoring sensor 62 can only detect one "point" when detecting distance. In order to ensure detection accuracy, when the transmission component 4 rotates, the monitoring sensor 62 can be driven to rotate around the outer circumference of the pressure vessel tube, thereby measuring the curvature of the entire outer circumference of the pressure vessel tube, so that it can be calibrated relatively uniformly by the coarse calibration component 7. It should be noted that the monitoring sensor 62 can be a laser rangefinder or a visual inspection camera, and there is no specific limitation.

[0023] Furthermore, in order to enable the transmission assembly 4 to drive the two detection assemblies 6 to make circular motion around the end faces of the two pressure vessel tubes respectively, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the two transmission assemblies 4 includes a fourth frame 41, a gear ring 42, a third rod 43, a gear 44, a second motor 45, and a fifth rod 47. One end of each of the two fourth frames 41 is fixedly connected to one end of each of the two fifth rods 47, and the other end of each of the two fifth rods 47 is fixedly connected to the two second support assemblies 2 respectively. The other end of the fourth frame 41 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second motor 45. The output shaft of the second motor 45 is fixedly connected to one end of the third rod 43, and the other end of the third rod 43 is fixedly connected to the central shaft of the gear 44. The inner wall of the gear ring 42 is connected to the moving assembly 5, and the gear 44 meshes with the gear ring 42. One end of the third rod 43 is fixedly connected to a third block 46, and the other end of the third block 46 is connected to the positioning assembly 3. The ends of the two gear rings 42 that are far apart from each other are fixedly connected to the two second blocks 61 respectively. Specifically, such as Figures 4-10 As shown, when it is necessary to drive the monitoring sensor 62 to rotate on the outer periphery of the pressure vessel tube, it is only necessary to turn on the second motor 45. The output shaft of the second motor 45 can drive the third rod 43 to rotate. Then the rotation of the third rod 43 can drive the gear 44 to rotate. Then the gear 44 drives the gear ring 42 to rotate, which in turn can drive the monitoring sensor 62 connected to the gear ring 42 to rotate. Furthermore, since the fourth frame 41 is connected to the first frame 11 through the fifth rod 47, when the coarse calibration component 7 and the pressure vessel tube clamped by the coarse calibration component 7 move toward the interior of the fine calibration component 8, the transmission component 4 will also move along with the moving component 5, so the transmission component 4 and the moving component 5 will not separate. It should be noted that in practical applications, a cover can be provided at the meshing point of gear 44 and gear ring 42. This cover can not only ensure the stability of the meshing between gear 44 and gear ring 42, but also move gear 44 along with the gear ring 42 when it moves with the moving component 5, so as not to separate gear 44 from gear ring 42.

[0024] Furthermore, in order to enable the coarse calibration component 7 to coarsely calibrate the pressure vessel tube body when the detection component 6 detects an abnormality in the curvature of the pressure vessel tube body end face, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the coarse calibration component 7 includes a plurality of fourth rods 71, a plurality of fifth blocks 72, and a plurality of hydraulic rods 73. The outer walls of the plurality of hydraulic rods 73 are all connected to the outer wall of the moving component 5. The output ends of the plurality of hydraulic rods 73 are fixedly connected to one end of the fourth rods 71. The other ends of the plurality of fourth rods 71 ​​all penetrate into the interior of the moving component 5 and are respectively fixedly connected to one side of the plurality of fifth blocks 72. The other side of the plurality of fifth blocks 72 all face the pressure vessel tube body. The side of the plurality of fifth blocks 72 facing the pressure vessel tube body is an arc surface, and the curvature of the arc surface is the same as the curvature of the outer wall of the pressure vessel tube body. A rubber pad is fixedly connected to the arc surface of the fifth block 72. Specifically, when the monitoring sensor 62 detects that the curvature of the end of the pressure vessel tube is not within the acceptable range, several hydraulic rods 73 near the "protrusion" part of the pressure vessel tube are activated. The output end of the hydraulic rod 73 extends outward and pushes the fourth rod 71 to move during the extension process. Then the fourth rod 71 pushes the fifth block 72 to move until the arc surface of the fifth block 72 abuts against the surface of the pressure vessel tube. After that, the hydraulic rod 73 is activated again, and the thrust of the hydraulic rod 73 pushes the protrusion of the pressure vessel tube to be smaller. After releasing the hydraulic rod 73, the monitoring sensor 62 is driven to rotate 360° again via the transmission assembly 4 to detect the curvature of the pressure vessel tube. If the curvature is within the allowable range of the coarse calibration, the pressure vessel tube can continue the subsequent steps according to the supplementary part of the "first support assembly 1" above. If the monitoring sensor 62 detects that the curvature of the pressure vessel tube is still outside the allowable range of the coarse calibration, the hydraulic rod 73 is used to continue coarse calibration until the monitoring sensor 62 detects that the curvature is within the allowable range of the coarse calibration and then stops.

[0025] Furthermore, in order to enable the fine calibration component 8 to finely calibrate the pressure vessel tube body after the coarse calibration component 7 has coarsely calibrated it, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fine calibration component 8 includes a second tube body 81, a horn tube body 82, a second annular plate body 83, and a second bearing 84. The inner ring of the second bearing 84 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second annular plate body 83, and the outer ring of the second bearing 84 is connected to the second support component 2. One side of the second annular plate body 83 is fixedly connected to the end of the horn tube body 82 with a larger opening, and the other side of the second annular plate body 83 is connected to the moving component 5. The end of the horn tube body 82 with a smaller opening is fixedly connected to one end of the second tube body 81. Specifically, such as Figures 5-10As shown, when the pressure vessel tube body, after being calibrated by the coarse calibration component 7, moves towards the fine calibration component 8 under the drive of the moving component 5, the coarse calibration component 7 and the external drive device, the end of the pressure vessel tube body will first enter the second annular plate 83 and the horn tube 82. At this time, due to the horn-shaped structure of the horn tube 82, the end of the pressure vessel tube body will be gradually squeezed into a "circle" that is coaxial with the second tube body 81 and the horn tube 82, thereby achieving fine calibration of the pressure vessel tube body. After being finely calibrated by the second tube body 81 and the horn tube body 82, the pressure vessel tube body continues to move inside the second tube body 81 and the horn tube body 82 under the drive of the moving component 5, the coarse calibration component 7 and the external drive device. This not only allows for fine calibration of a long distance at the end of the pressure vessel tube body (of course, before this, a long distance at the end of the pressure vessel tube body can also be coarsely calibrated by the coarse calibration component 7), but also leaves space for welding the two subsequent sections of the pressure vessel tube body. It should be noted that the inner wall of the horn tube 82 is not a smooth blind hole. Several sets of high-strength roller bearing assemblies and high-pressure lubricating oil grooves are embedded in a ring array on its gradually changing inner wall. When the pressure vessel tube is forcefully pushed into the horn tube 82, the sliding friction between the outer wall of the tube and the inner wall of the horn tube 82 is converted into rolling friction by the roller bearing assemblies, which greatly reduces the axial pushing resistance. At the same time, the high-pressure lubricating oil groove forms a dynamic oil film on the extrusion contact surface, which further prevents metal-to-metal seizing and scratching. In addition, the pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism also includes a hydraulic internal expansion mandrel coaxially arranged with the precision calibration component 8. The hydraulic internal expansion mandrel passes through the interior of the pressure vessel tube and has several follow-up support blocks evenly distributed on its outer circumference. During the process of the pressure vessel tube being hard-pressed into the horn tube 82, the support blocks of the hydraulic internal expansion mandrel are in close contact with the inner wall of the tube. This not only provides radial rigid support for the tube, preventing longitudinal instability or concave deformation of the tube under huge axial thrust, but also forms a "closed extrusion of inner and outer molds" effect with the external horn tube 82, which greatly improves the calibration accuracy.

[0026] Furthermore, in order to enable the moving component 5 to drive the pressure vessel tube body into the coarse calibration component 7 for calibration after the coarse calibration component 7 has performed coarse calibration, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the moving component 5 includes a first tube body 51, a first bearing 53, a first annular plate 55, a plurality of fourth blocks 52, and a plurality of third plates 54. The inner ring of the first bearing 53 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of the first tube body 51, and the outer ring of the first bearing 53 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the toothed ring 42. The inner wall of the first tube body 51 away from the first bearing 53 is connected to the first... The outer wall of a ring plate 55 is fixedly connected, one end of several third plates 54 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first ring plate 55, the other end of several third plates 54 passes through the second ring plate 83 and is fixedly connected to several fourth blocks 52 respectively, the outer walls of several hydraulic rods 73 in the same set of coarse calibration components 7 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first tube 51, several fifth blocks 72 in the same set of coarse calibration components 7 are located inside the first tube 51, and the hydraulic rods 73 and the fifth blocks 72 are located between the first bearing 53 and the first ring plate 55; Specifically, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, before the pressure vessel tube body is coarsely calibrated, there is a certain distance between the moving component 5 and the fine calibration component 8 (the distance length is the length of the fifth rod 47). After the pressure vessel tube body is coarsely calibrated by the coarse calibration component 7, and driven by the first motor 13, the calibrated end of the pressure vessel tube body is pushed to the inner wall of the horn tube 82 of the fine calibration component 8. At this time, due to the frictional force between the horn tube 82 and the pressure vessel tube body, the wheel 12 cannot continue to push the pressure vessel tube body to move. At this time, the hydraulic rod 73 is activated again, clamping the pressure vessel tube body from the outer wall of the pressure vessel tube body. At this time, the external drive device is activated again (because the first motor 13 and wheel 12 can no longer push the pressure vessel tube body to move). The external drive device pushes the pressure vessel tube body to move from the end of the pressure vessel tube body away from the precision calibration component 8. At this time, because the hydraulic rod 73 is clamped on the surface of the pressure vessel tube body, the pressure vessel tube body will overcome the friction and move towards the inside of the first tube body 51. Then the first tube body 51 can move on the second annular plate 83 through the third plate 54, and the first tube body 51 will also move together with the first annular plate 55 and the first bearing 53. As the pressure vessel tube continues to move, the end of the pressure vessel tube will pass through the first tube 51 and abut against the surface of the positioning component 3. At this point, the external drive device can be stopped.

[0027] Furthermore, in order to limit the movement distance of the pressure vessel tube when the positioning component 3 enters the coarse calibration component 7 for calibration, the transmission component 4 can also drive the positioning component 3 to turn away from the end face of the pressure vessel tube when the pressure vessel tube reaches the set position. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the positioning component 3 includes a third frame 31, a second rod 32, a first block 33, and a second plate 34. One end of the third frame 31 is connected to one of the second support components 2, and the other end of the third frame 31 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first block 33. The inner wall of the first block 33 is rotatably connected to one end of the second rod 32, and the other end of the second rod 32 is fixedly connected to one end of the second plate 34. The other end of the second plate 34 faces the pressure vessel tube, and the second rod 32 is connected to the third block 46. More specifically, the inner wall of the second rod 32 near the end of the first block 33 is provided with a slot 321, the outer wall of the third block 46 is slidably connected to the slot 321, the third block 46 and the slot 321 have the same shape, and the cross-section of the third block 46 and the slot 321 on the first surface is non-circular, and the first surface is parallel to the hole surface of the slot 321. Specifically, such as Figures 1-7 As shown, when the pressure vessel tube is pushed against the surface of the second plate 34 by the thrust of the external drive device, the external drive device will automatically stop (a pressure sensor can be installed inside the second plate 34 to detect whether it is pressed tightly in real time). In addition, the aforementioned moving component 5 needs to move along with the pressure vessel tube rather than being fixed in a specific position. There is another purpose: when the moving component 5 is separated from the precision calibration component 8, the third block 46 at the end of the third rod 43 away from the gear 44 does not contact the second rod 32. Therefore, when the gear ring 42 rotates with the detection component 6 for detection, it will not affect the position of the second plate 34. When the moving component 5 comes into contact with the precision calibration component 8, the third block 46 is inserted into the slot 321 of the second rod 32. At this time, when the end face of the pressure vessel tube is against the surface of the second plate 34, the hydraulic rod 73 can be released, and then the second motor 45 can be started again. The third rod 43 will rotate the gear 44 again, and the third block 46 can rotate the second rod 32, which in turn will rotate the second plate 34 on the surface of the second rod 32, so that the second plate 34 can be moved away from the end face of the pressure vessel tube. Therefore, it will not affect the alignment of the pressure vessel tube inserted from the other side with this pressure vessel tube and the subsequent welding. It should be noted that although only one positioning component 3 is set, once the first pressure vessel tube is moved to the appropriate position, the positioning component 3 will turn away, and the second pressure vessel tube only needs to be pressed against the end face of the first pressure vessel tube, so it will not affect the subsequent normal welding. Furthermore, in practical applications, to ensure the uniformity of force distribution on the second plate 34, it can be done as follows: Figure 7 As shown, multiple third blocks 46 and second plates 34 are set. Of course, if multiple second plates 34 are set, the rotational connection between the second rod 32 and the first block 33 needs to be damped to prevent the second plate 34 from rotating back on its own after the third block 46 separates from the second rod 32.

[0028] Furthermore, in order to enable the second support assembly 2 to support the two precision calibration assemblies 8 respectively, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the two second support assemblies 2 includes a first plate 21 and a second frame 22. The lower ends of the two second frames 22 are respectively fixedly connected to the two first plates 21, and the upper ends of the two second frames 22 are respectively sleeved and fixedly connected to the outer rings of the two second bearings 84. The lower end of the third frame 31 is fixedly connected to one of the first plates 21. The end of the fifth rod 47 away from the fourth frame 41 is slidably connected to the first plate 21. The bottom surfaces of the two first plates 21 are respectively fixedly connected to the external bracket. Specifically, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, the fourth frame 41 is slidably connected to the second frame 22 via the fifth rod 47. As mentioned above, the gear 44 and the gear ring 42 are covered by a cover, so that the gear 44 and the gear ring 42 can move forward and backward together. Therefore, when the hydraulic rod 73 clamps the pressure vessel tube and moves under the drive of the external drive device, the fourth frame 41 can also move together, thereby ensuring that the gear 44 and the gear ring 42 are always in a meshing state. It should be noted that the "external support" mentioned here and the "external support" mentioned in the first frame 11 can be the same object.

[0029] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism, characterized in that, include: Two first support components (1) are used to support and drive the two pressure vessel pipe sections to move axially. Two detection components (6) are used to monitor the roundness of the end face of the pressure vessel tube; Two transmission components (4) are connected to the detection component (6) and are used to drive the detection component (6) to make circular motion around the end face of the tube body; Two movable components (5) are connected to the transmission component (4) and can move accordingly; Two coarse calibration components (7) are installed on the moving component (5) and include several radially distributed hydraulically driven blocks for coarse calibration of the pressure vessel tube body; Two fine calibration components (8) include a horn tube (82) with a gradually changing inner diameter, used for secondary extrusion fine calibration of the tube after coarse calibration; The positioning component (3) is used to limit the movement distance of the pressure vessel tube, and the transmission component (4) is provided with a linkage structure that cooperates with the positioning component (3) so as to drive the positioning component (3) to rotate away from the end face of the tube after the tube is in position; Two second support components (2) are used to support the fine calibration component (8) and are slidably connected to the transmission component (4).

2. The pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first support assembly (1) includes a first frame (11), a first motor (13), an even number of wheels (12), and a number of first rods (14) equal to the number of wheels (12). The bottom surface of the first frame (11) is fixedly connected to an external support. The other end of the first frame (11) is respectively fitted and rotatably connected to the outer wall of one end of the first rods (14). The other end of the first rods (14) is fixedly connected to the central axis of the wheels (12). The outer wall of the first motor (13) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first frame (11) near the first rod (14). The output shaft of the first motor (13) is fixedly connected to one of the first rods (14). The circumferential surface of the wheels (12) is an arc surface with the same curvature as the outer wall of the pressure vessel tube. The wheels (12) are divided into two groups, and the two groups of wheels (12) are located on both sides of the pressure vessel tube.

3. The pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection component (6) includes a second block (61) and a monitoring sensor (62). One end of the second block (61) is connected to one of the transmission components (4), and the other end of the second block (61) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the monitoring sensor (62). The detection end of the monitoring sensor (62) faces the surface of the pressure vessel tube.

4. The pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both transmission components (4) include a fourth frame (41), a gear ring (42), a third rod (43), a gear (44), a second motor (45), and a fifth rod (47). One end of each of the two fourth frames (41) is fixedly connected to one end of each of the two fifth rods (47), and the other end of each of the two fifth rods (47) is connected to each of the two second support components (2). The other end of each fourth frame (41) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second motor (45), and the output shaft of the second motor (45) is... One end of the third rod (43) is fixedly connected to the third rod (43), and the other end of the third rod (43) is fixedly connected to the central shaft of the gear (44). The inner wall of the gear ring (42) is connected to the moving component (5). The gear (44) meshes with the gear ring (42). One end of the third rod (43) is fixedly connected to a third block (46). The other end of the third block (46) is connected to the positioning component (3). The ends of the two gear rings (42) that are far apart from each other are fixedly connected to two second blocks (61) respectively.

5. A pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The coarse calibration component (7) includes several fourth rods (71), several fifth blocks (72), and several hydraulic rods (73). The outer walls of the hydraulic rods (73) are connected to the outer wall of the moving component (5). The output ends of the hydraulic rods (73) are fixedly connected to one end of the fourth rod (71). The other ends of the fourth rods (71) penetrate into the moving component (5) and are fixedly connected to one side of the fifth blocks (72). The other side of the fifth blocks (72) faces the pressure vessel tube. The side of the fifth blocks (72) facing the pressure vessel tube is an arc surface, and the curvature of the arc surface is the same as the curvature of the outer wall of the pressure vessel tube. A rubber pad is fixedly connected to the arc surface of the fifth blocks (72).

6. The pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The precision calibration component (8) includes a second tube (81), a horn tube (82), a second annular plate (83), and a second bearing (84). The inner ring of the second bearing (84) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second annular plate (83), and the outer ring of the second bearing (84) is connected to the second support component (2). One side of the second annular plate (83) is fixedly connected to the end of the horn tube (82) with a larger opening, and the other side of the second annular plate (83) is connected to the moving component (5). The end of the horn tube (82) with a smaller opening is fixedly connected to one end of the second tube (81). It also includes a hydraulic inner expansion mandrel coaxially inserted inside the pressure vessel tube body. The outer wall of the hydraulic inner expansion mandrel is provided with several follow-up support blocks, which are used to provide radial inner support when the tube body enters the trumpet tube body (82) for compression, to prevent the tube body from buckling and becoming unstable. The inner wall of the horn tube (82) is provided with several sets of roller bearing assemblies and high-pressure lubricating oil grooves in a ring array, which are used to convert sliding friction into rolling friction and provide lubrication when the tube is squeezed in.

7. A pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, The moving component (5) includes a first tube (51), a first bearing (53), a first annular plate (55), a plurality of fourth blocks (52), and a plurality of third plates (54). The inner ring of the first bearing (53) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of the first tube (51), and the outer ring of the first bearing (53) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the toothed ring (42). The inner wall of the first tube (51) at the end away from the first bearing (53) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first annular plate (55). One end of each of the plurality of third plates (54) is connected to the first annular plate. The side wall of the body (55) is fixedly connected, and the other end of each of the third plates (54) passes through the second annular plate (83) and is fixedly connected to each of the fourth blocks (52). The outer walls of the hydraulic rods (73) in the same group of coarse calibration components (7) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first tube (51). The fifth blocks (72) in the same group of coarse calibration components (7) are located inside the first tube (51). The hydraulic rods (73) and the fifth blocks (72) are located between the first bearing (53) and the first annular plate (55).

8. A pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The positioning component (3) includes a third frame (31), a second rod (32), a first block (33), and a second plate (34). One end of the third frame (31) is connected to one of the second support components (2), and the other end of the third frame (31) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first block (33). The inner wall of the first block (33) is rotatably connected to one end of the second rod (32). The other end of the second rod (32) is fixedly connected to one end of the second plate (34). The other end of the second plate (34) faces the pressure vessel tube. The second rod (32) is connected to the third block (46).

9. A pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second rod (32) has a slot (321) on its inner wall near the end of the first block (33). The outer wall of the third block (46) is slidably connected to the slot (321). The third block (46) and the slot (321) have the same shape, and the cross-sections of the third block (46) and the slot (321) on the first surface are both non-circular. The first surface is parallel to the hole surface of the slot (321).

10. A pressure vessel assembly and fixing mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that, Both of the second support components (2) include a first plate (21) and a second frame (22). The lower ends of the two second frames (22) are fixedly connected to the two first plates (21) respectively. The upper ends of the two second frames (22) are respectively sleeved and fixedly connected to the outer rings of the two second bearings (84). The lower end of the third frame (31) is fixedly connected to one of the first plates (21). The end of the fifth rod (47) away from the fourth frame (41) is slidably connected to the first plate (21). The bottom surfaces of the two first plates (21) are fixedly connected to the external bracket respectively. The external drive unit includes a heavy-duty guide rail, a thrust flange, and symmetrically arranged heavy-duty double-acting hydraulic cylinders. The hydraulic cylinders contact the end face of the pressure vessel tube through the thrust flange to provide axial extrusion thrust.

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