Low creep clay firebrick forming apparatus and method

Abstract

The application provides a low-creep clay refractory brick forming device and method. The low-creep clay refractory brick forming device comprises a base, the top end of a guide column is fixedly arranged with a top frame, the top of the top frame is provided with a forming hydraulic cylinder, the top of the base is provided with a bottom die assembly, the top of the bottom die assembly is provided with a side die assembly matched therewith, and the top of the side die assembly is provided with an upper die assembly. The upper die assembly comprises an upper die support plate, a pressure head is fixedly arranged below the upper die support plate, and a movable pressure block that can move relative to the pressure head in the vertical direction is arranged in the pressure head. In the pressing state, the movable pressure block is locked on the bottom surface coplanar with the bottom surface of the pressure head. The top of the pressure head is provided with a pressure block driving mechanism, which is used for driving the movable pressure block to be lifted upward by a preset distance before demolding, so as to destroy the air-tight state of the interface between the pressure head and the green brick. The application can destroy the air-tight state of the interface between the pressure head and the green brick during demolding, and eliminate the demolding negative pressure adsorption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of refractory brick production equipment, specifically relating to a low-creep clay refractory brick forming device and method. Background Technology

[0002] During the high-pressure pressing process, the press head of low-creep clay refractory bricks is in close contact with the top surface of the brick blank, and the tiny gap between the edge of the press head and the mold frame is easily filled by fine powder, forming a local sealing structure.

[0003] During the initial stage of demolding, when the pressure head rapidly returns vertically, the volume of the nearly enclosed space between the pressure head and the top surface of the brick expands instantaneously. Gas replenishment lags behind the expansion rate of the space, causing a sudden drop in air pressure in this area, forming an instantaneous negative pressure that generates an adsorption load on the top surface of the brick. At the same time, the moisture in the clay migrates and accumulates towards the interface under high pressure, forming a strong capillary adhesion force.

[0004] Under the combined effect of negative pressure adsorption and capillary adhesion, the moment the pressure head detaches, it will apply excessive normal tensile stress to the top surface of the brick blank, which will lead to problems such as local peeling, micro-crack propagation, or even overall fracture of the top surface of the brick blank.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a low-creep clay refractory brick forming device that can disrupt the airtight state of the interface between the pressure head and the brick blank during demolding and eliminate the negative pressure adsorption during demolding to solve the current technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a low-creep clay refractory brick forming device that can disrupt the airtight state of the interface between the pressure head and the brick blank during demolding, thereby eliminating negative pressure adsorption during demolding.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a low-creep clay refractory brick forming device, including a base, guide columns are uniformly arranged on the top of the base, a top frame is fixedly mounted on the top of the guide columns, a forming hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the top of the top frame, a bottom mold assembly is arranged on the top of the base, a side mold assembly is arranged above the bottom mold assembly and cooperates with it, an upper mold assembly is arranged above the side mold assembly, and the upper mold assembly is connected to the piston rod of the forming hydraulic cylinder; The upper mold assembly includes an upper mold support plate, and a pressure head is fixedly arranged below the upper mold support plate. At least one receiving cavity is opened on the bottom working surface of the pressure head, and a movable pressure block that can move relative to the pressure head in the vertical direction is arranged in the receiving cavity. In the pressing state, the movable pressure block is locked so that its bottom surface is coplanar with the bottom surface of the pressure head; The top of the pressure head is provided with a pressure block driving mechanism that is connected to the movable pressure block in a transmission. The pressure block driving mechanism is used to drive the movable pressure block to rise a preset distance before the pressure head before demolding, so as to break the airtight state of the interface between the pressure head and the brick blank.

[0008] Furthermore, the pressure block driving mechanism includes an upper connecting rod and a lower connecting rod that are hinged together. One end of the upper connecting rod that is away from the lower connecting rod is hinged to the upper mold support plate, and one end of the lower connecting rod that is away from the upper connecting rod is drivenly connected to the movable pressure block. The top of the pressure head is provided with a push-pull assembly that drives the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod to switch between a dead position and a non-dead position. When the upper and lower connecting rods are at their dead points, the movable pressure block is locked in a state where its bottom surface is coplanar with the bottom surface of the pressure head.

[0009] Furthermore, at least two support columns are fixedly provided between the upper mold support plate and the pressure head; The push-pull assembly includes a lifting frame and a pressure block driving hydraulic cylinder. The lifting frame is slidably fitted on the outside of the support column via a sliding sleeve. A horizontal support rod is fixedly installed in the middle of the lifting frame. The pressure block driving hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the upper mold support plate. The piston rod of the pressure block driving hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the horizontal support rod. The lifting frame has push-pull rods hinged to both sides, corresponding to the upper connecting rod. The end of the push-pull rod facing away from the lifting frame is hinged to the middle of the upper connecting rod.

[0010] Furthermore, a pressure block pull bar is fixed to the top of the movable pressure block, and horizontal pull rods are fixed to both ends of the pressure block pull bar. The lower end of the lower connecting rod is hinged to the top of the horizontal pull rod. The pressure head has a sliding cavity inside that matches the pressure block pull bar, and the sliding cavity is connected to the top of the receiving cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, a rear support is fixedly installed on the guide post on one side of the upper mold assembly, and a suction mechanism is installed on the rear support; The suction mechanism includes a suction cover that matches the bottom of the pressure head, and a suction tube connector is provided on one side of the suction cover. Support rods are provided on both sides of the lower part of the suction hood, and suction lifting hydraulic cylinders are provided on the support rods. The suction lifting hydraulic cylinders are used to drive the suction hood to move up and down, so that the suction hood is fitted onto the outer periphery of the bottom of the pressure head or returns to its downward position. The rear support is equipped with a suction translation hydraulic cylinder, which drives the support rod to move the suction hood horizontally so that the suction hood moves to below the pressure head or returns to a horizontal position.

[0012] Furthermore, suction lifting guide rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the suction hood, parallel to the axis of the suction lifting hydraulic cylinder. The suction lifting guide rods are slidably inserted into the support rod, and a limit block is provided at the bottom end of the suction lifting guide rod. A support beam is fixedly installed at one end of the support rod. The piston rod of the suction translation hydraulic cylinder is connected to the middle of the support beam. Suction translation guide rods parallel to the axis of the suction translation hydraulic cylinder are fixedly installed at both ends of the support beam. The suction translation guide rods are slidably inserted into the rear bracket in the horizontal direction.

[0013] Furthermore, an annular limiting step corresponding to the bottom of the pressure head is provided inside the upper end of the suction hood, and a sealing ring is provided inside the suction hood above the annular limiting step; When the suction cover is fitted onto the bottom of the pressure head, the bottom surface of the pressure head abuts against the annular limiting step, and the sealing ring is sealed and fitted to the outer circumferential surface of the pressure head.

[0014] Furthermore, the cross-section of the receiving cavity is an inverted isosceles trapezoidal structure, and the movable pressure block matches the shape of the receiving cavity.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom mold assembly includes a bottom mold support fixedly disposed on the top of the base, and a bottom mold body is disposed on the top of the bottom mold support; The side mold assembly includes a side mold support plate fitted on the outside of the bottom mold bracket. The top of the side mold support plate is provided with a side mold body corresponding to the bottom mold body. The side mold support plate is slidably connected to the guide column. Side mold hydraulic cylinders are provided on both sides of the side mold support plate. The upper end of the side mold hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the top frame, and the piston rod of the side mold hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the side mold support plate.

[0016] A method for forming low-creep clay refractory bricks, using the refractory brick forming apparatus as described in any of the preceding claims, includes the following steps: S1, Prepare the mold cavity: The side mold hydraulic cylinder drives the side mold assembly to rise, so that the side mold body and the bottom mold body enclose each other to form a mold cavity; S2, Fabric: Low-creep clay refractory material is filled into the mold cavity; S3, Forming and Pressing: The forming hydraulic cylinder drives the upper mold assembly to descend, and the press head enters the mold cavity to press the raw material; in the pressing state, the movable pressing block is locked in a position where its bottom surface is coplanar with the bottom surface of the press head; S4, Movable pressing block lifting: After the molding and pressing is completed, before the pressing head is demolded as a whole, the pressing block driving mechanism drives the movable pressing block to lift upward a preset distance before the pressing head, so as to break the airtight state between the pressing head and the top surface of the brick blank and eliminate the vacuum adsorption effect. S5, Overall demolding of the pressure head: After the movable pressure block is lifted, the forming hydraulic cylinder drives the upper mold assembly to rise as a whole, and the pressure head is completely separated from the brick blank; S6, Side mold reset: The side mold hydraulic cylinder drives the side mold assembly to descend, so that the side mold body is separated from the side wall of the brick blank; S7, Remove bricks: Remove the formed brick blanks from the main body of the bottom mold.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) During the molding process of low creep clay refractory bricks, the upper mold assembly is pressed down to the side mold assembly. After high pressure pressing is completed, the press head is tightly attached to the top surface of the brick blank. The gap between the edge of the press head and the mold frame is filled with fine powder to form a local airtight boundary layer. At this time, the movable press block is lifted first, and the airtight boundary layer is destroyed before the main body of the press head is removed, so that the external air enters along the edge gap of the movable press block, balances the air pressure between the press head and the brick blank, eliminates the vacuum formation conditions from the source, and eliminates the negative pressure adsorption of demolding. (2) Utilizing the kinematic characteristics of the planar linkage mechanism, when the upper link and the lower link are in the same straight line, it is the dead point position. The pressure along the direction of the upper link and the lower link cannot make the upper link and the lower link rotate, forming a mechanical self-locking, which provides stable support for the movable pressure block; (3) After the push-pull assembly drives the upper and lower connecting rods to leave the dead position, an angle is formed between the upper and lower connecting rods. The lower connecting rod pulls the movable pressure block upward. The push-pull assembly only needs a small driving force to make the connecting rods leave the dead position. The response speed is fast and the molding cycle is not prolonged. (4) After the pressure head returns from demolding, the suction translation hydraulic cylinder drives the suction hood to move directly below the pressure head, and the suction lifting hydraulic cylinder drives the suction hood to rise and be fitted onto the outer periphery of the bottom of the pressure head; the suction pipe connector is connected to a negative pressure dust removal device, which generates pulse negative pressure in the closed space formed by the suction hood and the pressure head to remove residual powder and debris between the bottom surface of the pressure head, the inner wall of the receiving cavity and the movable pressure block; (5) The side mold hydraulic cylinder drives the side mold support plate to slide up and down along the guide column, which drives the side mold body to rise and fall. The side mold body and the bottom mold body enclose the mold cavity. After molding, the side mold body descends and separates from the side wall of the brick blank, making it easy to remove the brick. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the low-creep clay refractory brick forming device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the low-creep clay refractory brick forming device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the upper mold assembly in this invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the upper mold assembly in this invention.

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at point AA.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the suction mechanism in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Various exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The descriptions of the exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative and are in no way intended to limit the invention or its application or use. The invention can be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to make the invention thorough and complete, and to fully express the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, the composition of materials, numerical expressions, and values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting.

[0025] The terms "first," "second," and similar words used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different parts. Words such as "including" or "comprising" mean that the element preceding the word encompasses the element listed after it, without excluding the possibility of encompassing other elements. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a low-creep clay refractory brick forming device is disclosed, including a base 1, guide columns 3 evenly arranged on the top of the base 1, a top frame 2 fixedly mounted on the top of the guide columns 3, a forming hydraulic cylinder 8 mounted on the top of the top frame 2, a bottom mold assembly 4 mounted on the top of the base 1, a side mold assembly 5 cooperating with the bottom mold assembly 4, an upper mold assembly 6 mounted on the top of the side mold assembly 5, and the upper mold assembly 6 connected to the piston rod of the forming hydraulic cylinder 8; the upper mold assembly 6 includes an upper mold support plate 61, and a pressure plate is fixedly mounted below the upper mold support plate 61. The head 62 has at least one receiving cavity 621 on its bottom working surface. A movable pressing block 63 that can move vertically relative to the pressing head 62 is provided in the receiving cavity 621. In the pressing state, the movable pressing block 63 is locked so that its bottom surface is coplanar with the bottom surface of the pressing head 62. The top of the pressing head 62 is provided with a pressing block driving mechanism 64 that is connected to the movable pressing block 63. The pressing block driving mechanism 64 is used to drive the movable pressing block 63 to rise a preset distance before the pressing head 62 is demolded, so as to break the airtight state of the interface between the pressing head 62 and the brick blank.

[0027] During the molding and processing of low-creep clay refractory bricks, the upper mold assembly 6 is pressed down to the side mold assembly 5. After high-pressure pressing is completed, the press head 62 is tightly attached to the top surface of the brick blank. The gap between the edge of the press head 62 and the mold frame is filled with fine powder, forming a local airtight boundary layer. At this time, the movable press block 63 is lifted first, and the airtight boundary layer is destroyed before the main body of the press head 62 is removed, so that external air enters along the edge gap of the movable press block 63, balancing the air pressure between the press head 62 and the brick blank, eliminating the vacuum formation conditions from the source, and eliminating the negative pressure adsorption during demolding.

[0028] As a specific embodiment of the pressure block driving mechanism 64, the pressure block driving mechanism 64 includes an upper connecting rod 642 and a lower connecting rod 641 that are hinged together. The end of the upper connecting rod 642 that is away from the lower connecting rod 641 is hinged to the upper mold support plate 61, and the end of the lower connecting rod 641 that is away from the upper connecting rod 642 is connected to the movable pressure block 63. The top of the pressure head 62 is provided with a push-pull assembly that drives the upper connecting rod 642 and the lower connecting rod 641 to switch between a dead position and a non-dead position. When the upper connecting rod 642 and the lower connecting rod 641 are in the dead position, the movable pressure block 63 is locked in a state where its bottom surface is coplanar with the bottom surface of the pressure head 62. Utilizing the kinematic characteristics of the planar linkage mechanism, when the upper link 642 and the lower link 641 are aligned, it is at the dead point position. Pressure along the direction of the upper link 642 and the lower link 641 cannot cause them to rotate, forming a mechanical self-locking mechanism that provides stable support for the movable pressure block 63. After the push-pull assembly drives the upper link 642 and the lower link 641 out of the dead point position, an angle is formed between them. The lower link 641 pulls the movable pressure block 63 upward. The push-pull assembly requires only a small driving force to disengage the link from the dead point, resulting in a fast response speed and no extension of the molding cycle.

[0029] In some embodiments, at least two support columns 65 are fixedly arranged between the upper mold support plate 61 and the pressure head 62; the push-pull assembly includes a lifting frame 644 and a pressure block driving hydraulic cylinder 646. The lifting frame 644 is slidably fitted on the outside of the support columns 65 through a sliding sleeve 645. A horizontal support rod 649 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the lifting frame 644. The pressure block driving hydraulic cylinder 646 is fixedly arranged on the top of the upper mold support plate 61, and the piston rod of the pressure block driving hydraulic cylinder 646 is fixedly connected to the horizontal support rod 649. Push-pull rods 643 corresponding to the upper connecting rod 642 are hinged on both sides of the lifting frame 644. One end of the push-pull rod 643 away from the lifting frame 644 is hinged to the middle of the upper connecting rod 642. When the piston rod of the pressure block driving hydraulic cylinder 646 extends or retracts, it drives the horizontal support rod 649 and the lifting frame 644 to slide up and down along the support columns 65. When the lifting frame 644 moves, the push-pull rods 643, hinged on both sides, push and pull the middle of the upper connecting rod 642, causing the hinge point between the upper connecting rod 642 and the lower connecting rod 641 to shift. This drives the upper connecting rod 642 and the lower connecting rod 641 to switch between a locked state at the dead point and an unlocked lifting state at the non-dead point. The cooperation between the support column 65 and the sliding sleeve 645 provides precise vertical guidance for the lifting frame 644, ensuring synchronous movement of the push-pull rods 643 on both sides and preventing skewness or jamming when the movable pressure block 63 is lifted. The lifting frame 644, the horizontal support rod 649, and the push-pull rods 643 form a symmetrical force transmission structure. The driving force of the pressure block driving hydraulic cylinder 646 is evenly distributed to the upper connecting rod 642 and the lower connecting rod 641 on both sides, resulting in balanced force distribution.

[0030] In some embodiments, a pressure block pull bar 648 is fixed to the top of the movable pressure block 63. The pressure block pull bar 648 and the movable pressure block 63 are integrally formed. Horizontal pull rods 647 are fixed to both ends of the pressure block pull bar 648, and the lower end of the lower connecting rod 641 is hinged to the top of the horizontal pull rod 647. A sliding cavity 622 matching the pressure block pull bar 648 is provided inside the pressure head 62, and the sliding cavity 622 communicates with the top of the receiving cavity 621. When the lower connecting rod 641 moves upward away from its dead position, it pulls the pressure block pull bar 648 through the horizontal pull rod 647. The pressure block pull bar 648 slides upward within the sliding cavity 622, thereby lifting the movable pressure block 63 upward. The sliding cavity 622 provides a vertical movement channel and guide for the pressure block pull bar 648, and also provides a path for air to enter after the movable pressure block 63 is lifted.

[0031] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and 6As shown, a rear support 9 is fixedly installed on the guide post 3 on one side of the upper mold assembly 6, and a suction mechanism 7 is installed on the rear support 9. The suction mechanism 7 includes a suction cover 71 that matches the bottom of the pressure head 62, and a suction pipe connector 72 is installed on one side of the suction cover 71. Support rods 73 are installed on the lower sides of the suction cover 71, and suction lifting hydraulic cylinders 74 are installed on the support rods 73. The suction lifting hydraulic cylinders 74 are used to drive the suction cover 71 to move up and down, so that the suction cover 71 is fitted onto the outer periphery of the bottom of the pressure head 62 or returns to its downward position. A suction translation hydraulic cylinder 75 is installed on the rear support 9. The suction translation hydraulic cylinder 75 is used to drive the support rods 73 to move the suction cover 71 in the horizontal direction, so that the suction cover 71 moves to below the pressure head 62 or returns to its horizontal position. After the pressure head returns from demolding, the suction translation hydraulic cylinder 75 drives the suction hood 71 to move directly below the pressure head 62, and the suction lifting hydraulic cylinder 74 drives the suction hood 71 to rise and fit onto the outer periphery of the bottom of the pressure head 62; the suction pipe connector 72 is connected to a negative pressure dust removal device, which generates pulse negative pressure in the closed space formed by the suction hood 71 and the pressure head 62 to remove residual powder and debris between the bottom surface of the pressure head 62, the inner wall of the receiving cavity 621 and the movable pressure block 63.

[0032] In some embodiments, suction lifting guide rods 77 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the suction hood 71, parallel to the axis of the suction lifting hydraulic cylinder 74. The suction lifting guide rods 77 are slidably inserted into the support rod 73, and a limit block 79 is provided at the bottom end of the suction lifting guide rod 77. When the suction lifting hydraulic cylinder 74 drives the suction hood 71 to rise and fall, the symmetrically arranged suction lifting guide rods 77 slide within the support rod 73, restricting the suction hood 71 to move only in the vertical direction and preventing deflection. A support beam 78 is fixedly provided at one end of the support rod 73. The two ends of the support beam 78 are respectively vertically fixedly connected to the two support rods 73 on both sides of the suction hood 71. The piston rod of the suction translation hydraulic cylinder 75 is connected to the middle of the support beam 78. Suction translation guide rods 76 parallel to the axis of the suction translation hydraulic cylinder 75 are fixedly provided at both ends of the support beam 78. The suction translation guide rods 76 are slidably inserted into the rear bracket 9 in the horizontal direction. When the suction translation hydraulic cylinder 75 drives the support beam 78 to translate, the suction translation guide rods 76 at both ends of the support beam 78 slide within the rear bracket 9 to ensure the straightness of the horizontal movement of the suction hood 71.

[0033] In some embodiments, the upper end of the suction shroud 71 is provided with an annular limiting step 711 corresponding to the bottom of the pressure head 62, and a sealing ring 712 is provided inside the suction shroud above the annular limiting step 711. When the suction shroud 71 is fitted onto the bottom of the pressure head 62, the bottom surface of the pressure head 62 abuts against the annular limiting step 711, and the sealing ring 712 is sealed and fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the pressure head 62. The sealing ring 712 effectively blocks the entry of external air, and the suction negative pressure is concentrated on the bottom surface of the pressure head 62, significantly improving suction efficiency and reducing energy consumption.

[0034] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the receiving cavity 621 is an inverted isosceles trapezoid, and the movable pressure block 63 matches the shape of the receiving cavity 621. The inverted isosceles trapezoidal cross-section ensures that when the movable pressure block 63 is pressed downwards, its inclined surface is supported by the inclined surface of the receiving cavity 621, preventing it from detaching from the bottom of the pressure head. When the movable pressure block 63 is lifted upwards, the gap between the inclined surfaces of the movable pressure block 63 and the receiving cavity 621 gradually increases, forming a wedge-shaped space. External air enters from this wedge-shaped space, balancing the air pressure between the pressure head 62 and the brick blank.

[0035] In some embodiments, the bottom mold assembly 4 includes a bottom mold support 42 fixedly mounted on the top of the base 1, and a bottom mold body 41 is mounted on the top of the bottom mold support 42; the side mold assembly 5 includes a side mold support plate 51 fitted on the outside of the bottom mold support 42, the side mold support plate 51 being slidably connected to the guide post 3, and a side mold body 52 corresponding to the bottom mold body 41 being mounted on the top of the side mold support plate 51; the side mold support plate 51 is slidably connected to the guide post 3; side mold hydraulic cylinders 53 are mounted on both sides of the side mold support plate 51, the upper end of the side mold hydraulic cylinder 53 is hinged to the top frame 2, and the piston rod of the side mold hydraulic cylinder 53 is hinged to the side mold support plate 51. The side mold hydraulic cylinder 53 drives the side mold support plate 51 to slide up and down along the guide post 3, thereby driving the side mold body 52 to rise and fall. The side mold body 52 and the bottom mold body 41 enclose each other to form a mold cavity; after molding, the side mold body descends and separates from the side wall of the brick blank, making it easy to remove the brick.

[0036] In the above embodiment, the pressure block driving mechanism 64 is used to drive the movable pressure block 63 to rise a preset distance before the pressure head 62 demolds, thereby breaking the airtightness between the pressure head 62 and the top surface of the brick blank and eliminating the vacuum adsorption effect. The preset distance is controlled by designing the lengths of the lower connecting rod 641 and the upper connecting rod 642, as well as the stroke of the push-pull assembly, and is typically controlled within 0.5-1 cm. If the lifting distance is too small, external air cannot fully enter the space between the pressure head and the brick blank, resulting in incomplete vacuum breaking; if the lifting distance is too large, it prolongs the process cycle and reduces production efficiency. Experimental verification shows that this range can ensure both vacuum breaking effect and production efficiency.

[0037] In some specific embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the pressure head 62 is evenly provided with six receiving cavities 621, and each receiving cavity 621 is provided with a movable pressure block 63 inside; in specific implementation, the number of receiving cavities 621 can be determined according to the bottom area of ​​the pressure head 62.

[0038] In some embodiments, a method for forming low-creep clay refractory bricks is disclosed, employing the refractory brick forming apparatus as described in any of the above embodiments, including the following steps: S1, Prepare the mold cavity: The side mold hydraulic cylinder 53 drives the side mold assembly 5 to rise, so that the side mold body 52 and the bottom mold body 41 enclose each other to form a mold cavity; S2, Fabric: Fill the mold cavity with low-creep clay refractory material; S3, Forming and Pressing: The forming hydraulic cylinder 8 drives the upper mold assembly 6 to descend, and the pressure head 62 enters the mold cavity to press the raw material; in the pressing state, the movable pressure block 63 is locked in a position where its bottom surface is coplanar with the bottom surface of the pressure head 62. S4, Movable pressing block 63 lifting: After the molding and pressing is completed, before the pressing head 62 is demolded as a whole, the pressing block driving mechanism 64 drives the movable pressing block 63 to be lifted upward by a preset distance before the pressing head 62, so as to break the airtight state between the pressing head 62 and the top surface of the brick blank and eliminate the vacuum adsorption effect. S5, overall demolding of pressure head 62: After the movable pressure block 63 is lifted, the forming hydraulic cylinder 8 drives the upper mold assembly 6 to rise as a whole, and the pressure head 62 is completely separated from the brick blank. S6, Side mold reset: The side mold hydraulic cylinder 53 drives the side mold assembly 5 to descend, so that the side mold body 52 separates from the side wall of the brick blank; S7, Remove bricks: Remove the formed brick blanks from the bottom mold body 41.

[0039] In some embodiments, between step S5 and step S6, a suction cleaning step is also included: the suction translation hydraulic cylinder 75 drives the suction cover 71 to move below the pressure head 62, the suction lifting hydraulic cylinder 74 drives the suction cover 71 to rise and be fitted onto the outer periphery of the bottom of the pressure head 62, and the bottom surface of the pressure head 62 is cleaned by negative pressure suction through the negative pressure dust removal equipment connected to the suction pipe connector 72; after cleaning is completed, the suction cover 71 is reset.

[0040] In some embodiments, after step S7, a device reset step is also included: the molding hydraulic cylinder 8 drives the upper mold assembly 6 to continue rising to the upper stop point, and the pressure block drive mechanism 64 drives the movable pressure block 63 to descend and reset to a position coplanar with the bottom surface of the pressure head 62, in preparation for entering the next molding cycle.

[0041] The various embodiments of the present invention have now been described in detail. To avoid obscuring the concept of the invention, some details known in the art have not been described. Those skilled in the art will fully understand how to implement the technical solutions disclosed herein based on the above description.

[0042] The embodiments described above only illustrate some implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A molding device for low-creep clay refractory bricks, comprising a base, guide columns evenly arranged on the top of the base, a top frame fixedly mounted on the top of the guide columns, and a molding hydraulic cylinder mounted on the top of the top frame, characterized in that: A bottom mold assembly is provided on the top of the base, a side mold assembly is provided above the bottom mold assembly to cooperate with it, an upper mold assembly is provided above the side mold assembly, and the upper mold assembly is connected to the piston rod of the forming hydraulic cylinder. The upper mold assembly includes an upper mold support plate, and a pressure head is fixedly arranged below the upper mold support plate. At least one receiving cavity is opened on the bottom working surface of the pressure head, and a movable pressure block that can move relative to the pressure head in the vertical direction is arranged in the receiving cavity. In the pressing state, the movable pressure block is locked so that its bottom surface is coplanar with the bottom surface of the pressure head; The top of the pressure head is provided with a pressure block driving mechanism that is connected to the movable pressure block in a transmission. The pressure block driving mechanism is used to drive the movable pressure block to rise a preset distance before the pressure head before demolding, so as to break the airtight state of the interface between the pressure head and the brick blank.

2. The low-creep clay refractory brick forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure block driving mechanism includes an upper connecting rod and a lower connecting rod that are hinged together. The end of the upper connecting rod that is away from the lower connecting rod is hinged to the upper mold support plate. The end of the lower connecting rod that is away from the upper connecting rod is connected to the movable pressure block. The top of the pressure head is provided with a push-pull assembly that drives the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod to switch between a dead position and a non-dead position. When the upper and lower connecting rods are at their dead points, the movable pressure block is locked in a state where its bottom surface is coplanar with the bottom surface of the pressure head.

3. The low-creep clay refractory brick forming device according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least two support columns are fixedly installed between the upper mold support plate and the pressure head; The push-pull assembly includes a lifting frame and a pressure block driving hydraulic cylinder. The lifting frame is slidably fitted on the outside of the support column via a sliding sleeve. A horizontal support rod is fixedly installed in the middle of the lifting frame. The pressure block driving hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the upper mold support plate. The piston rod of the pressure block driving hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the horizontal support rod. The lifting frame has push-pull rods hinged to both sides, corresponding to the upper connecting rod. The end of the push-pull rod facing away from the lifting frame is hinged to the middle of the upper connecting rod.

4. The low-creep clay refractory brick forming device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the movable pressure block is fixed with a pressure block pull bar, and both ends of the pressure block pull bar are fixed with horizontal pull rods. The lower end of the lower connecting rod is hinged to the top of the horizontal pull rod. The pressure head has a sliding cavity inside that matches the pressure block pull bar, and the sliding cavity is connected to the top of the receiving cavity.

5. The low-creep clay refractory brick forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rear support is fixedly installed on the guide post on one side of the upper mold assembly, and a suction mechanism is installed on the rear support. The suction mechanism includes a suction cover that matches the bottom of the pressure head, and a suction tube connector is provided on one side of the suction cover. Support rods are provided on both sides of the lower part of the suction hood, and suction lifting hydraulic cylinders are provided on the support rods. The suction lifting hydraulic cylinders are used to drive the suction hood to move up and down, so that the suction hood is fitted onto the outer periphery of the bottom of the pressure head or returns to its downward position. The rear support is equipped with a suction translation hydraulic cylinder, which drives the support rod to move the suction hood horizontally so that the suction hood moves to below the pressure head or returns to a horizontal position.

6. The low-creep clay refractory brick forming device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both sides of the suction hood are symmetrically provided with suction lifting guide rods parallel to the axis of the suction lifting hydraulic cylinder. The suction lifting guide rods are slidably inserted into the support rods, and the bottom end of the suction lifting guide rods is provided with limit blocks. A support beam is fixedly installed at one end of the support rod. The piston rod of the suction translation hydraulic cylinder is connected to the middle of the support beam. Suction translation guide rods parallel to the axis of the suction translation hydraulic cylinder are fixedly installed at both ends of the support beam. The suction translation guide rods are slidably inserted into the rear bracket in the horizontal direction.

7. The low-creep clay refractory brick forming device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper end of the suction hood is provided with an annular limiting step corresponding to the bottom of the pressure head, and a sealing ring is provided inside the suction hood above the annular limiting step. When the suction cover is fitted onto the bottom of the pressure head, the bottom surface of the pressure head abuts against the annular limiting step, and the sealing ring is sealed and fitted to the outer circumferential surface of the pressure head.

8. The low-creep clay refractory brick forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the receiving cavity is an inverted isosceles trapezoid, and the movable pressure block matches the shape of the receiving cavity.

9. The low-creep clay refractory brick forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom mold assembly includes a bottom mold support fixedly mounted on the top of the base, and a bottom mold body is mounted on the top of the bottom mold support; The side mold assembly includes a side mold support plate fitted on the outside of the bottom mold bracket. The top of the side mold support plate is provided with a side mold body corresponding to the bottom mold body. The side mold support plate is slidably connected to the guide column. Side mold hydraulic cylinders are provided on both sides of the side mold support plate. The upper end of the side mold hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the top frame, and the piston rod of the side mold hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the side mold support plate.

10. A method for forming low-creep clay refractory bricks, using the refractory brick forming apparatus as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Prepare the mold cavity: The side mold hydraulic cylinder drives the side mold assembly to rise, so that the side mold body and the bottom mold body enclose each other to form a mold cavity; S2, Fabric: Low-creep clay refractory material is filled into the mold cavity; S3, Forming and Pressing: The forming hydraulic cylinder drives the upper mold assembly to descend, and the press head enters the mold cavity to press the raw material; in the pressing state, the movable pressing block is locked in a position where its bottom surface is coplanar with the bottom surface of the press head; S4, Movable pressing block lifting: After the molding and pressing is completed, before the pressing head is demolded as a whole, the pressing block driving mechanism drives the movable pressing block to lift upward a preset distance before the pressing head, so as to break the airtight state between the pressing head and the top surface of the brick blank and eliminate the vacuum adsorption effect. S5, Overall demolding of the pressure head: After the movable pressure block is lifted, the forming hydraulic cylinder drives the upper mold assembly to rise as a whole, and the pressure head is completely separated from the brick blank; S6, Side mold reset: The side mold hydraulic cylinder drives the side mold assembly to descend, so that the side mold body is separated from the side wall of the brick blank; S7, Remove bricks: Remove the formed brick blanks from the main body of the bottom mold.

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