A method of offshore float-over positioning

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of offshore float positioning method, comprising the following steps: first, prepare to float the semi-submersible ship, there are positioning components on the semi-submersible ship, then according to the size of the self-elevating drilling platform, barge, tug and anchor boat required to float, is divided into three groups, wherein, self-elevating drilling platform is as a separate first group, a barge and two tugs as the second group, two anchor boats as the third group, then according to the order of grouping, using the cooperation of positioning cable and positioning component on semi-submersible ship, in cooperation with the float of semi-submersible ship, three groups are pulled to the fixed position on semi-submersible ship one by one, and binding is fixed, complete float.The float positioning method in the present application floats the self-elevating drilling platform, a barge, two tugs and two anchor boats on the same semi-submersible ship, and only one semi-submersible ship is required for subsequent transportation to complete the overall transportation of platform and auxiliary equipment, which is very convenient and effectively reduces transportation cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine transportation of drilling platforms, and in particular to a method for positioning floating equipment at sea. Background Technology

[0002] "ALULA" is a jack-up drilling platform, made of steel and non-self-propelled, with lifting capabilities. Originally the Victory 6 platform, "ALULA" was a mobile offshore jack-up drilling platform. The platform is raised and lowered by four cylindrical tubular legs, while a rack and pinion lifting system driven by hydraulic motors provides support. The hull features a rectangular drilling slot.

[0003] The construction or subsequent maintenance and modification of the aforementioned jack-up drilling platforms inevitably involves their maritime transportation. Furthermore, both during construction and maintenance, jack-up drilling platforms require the assistance of tugboats, anchor boats, and other auxiliary equipment. Therefore, maritime transportation of jack-up drilling platforms involves not only transporting the platform itself but also simultaneously transporting the tugboats and anchor boats. Currently, the transportation method involves using semi-submersible vessels to transport the jack-up drilling platform, while tugboats and anchor boats navigate independently, which is cumbersome and costly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a floating positioning method for facilitating the transportation of self-elevating drilling platforms and their auxiliary equipment such as tugboats and anchor boats at sea.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a method for floating and positioning at sea, the innovation of which is that the method is used to achieve the joint floating of a jack-up drilling platform, a barge, two tugboats and two anchor boats, including the following steps: First, a semi-submersible vessel for floating is prepared, on which positioning components are distributed. Then, the jack-up drilling platform, barge, tugboat and anchor boat are divided into three groups according to the size of the components to be floated. The jack-up drilling platform is a separate first group, the barge and two tugboats are a second group, and the two anchor boats are a third group. Then, according to the grouping order, the positioning cables are used in conjunction with the positioning components on the semi-submersible vessel, and the buoyancy of the semi-submersible vessel is used to pull the three groups one by one to the fixed position on the semi-submersible vessel, and then they are tied and fixed to complete the floating.

[0006] Furthermore, the specific steps are as follows: S1: First, the semi-submersible vessel prepared for floating is moved to the designated diving position, and then dives to a draft of 19.7m. The semi-submersible vessel is divided into three loading areas, which are defined as the first area for loading the third group, the second area for loading the first group, and the third area for loading the second group. The semi-submersible vessel is also equipped with a positioning component for positioning the first group, the second group, and the third group. Positioning marks are also marked on the first group, the second group, the third group, and the positioning component. The semi-submersible vessel is also equipped with a cargo winch for raising and lowering the positioning cable. S2: The jack-up drilling platform is towed to the side of the semi-submersible vessel by two assisting tugboats, and is 50m away from the side of the semi-submersible vessel. The two assisting tugboats are connected by cables to the side of the jack-up drilling platform away from the semi-submersible vessel, and the two assisting tugboats are arranged in a figure-eight shape. There are also positioning points on the jack-up drilling platform for fixing the positioning cables. S3: Release the positioning cable on the cargo winch and connect it to the jack-up drilling platform through the cooperation of two cable boats. After connection, loosen the cables connecting the two auxiliary tugboats to the jack-up drilling platform. Then, the cargo winches on the semi-submersible vessel operate to tow the jack-up drilling platform through the positioning cable. At the same time, the two auxiliary tugboats push the jack-up drilling platform until it is moved to the second area. Confirm that the deviation between the positioning mark on the jack-up drilling platform and the positioning mark on the positioning component is less than 15cm. S4: The semi-submersible vessel rises to the surface and dewaters until the deck is above water. Confirm that the piers on the semi-submersible vessel supporting the jack-up drilling platform are in the correct position. Once the jack-up drilling platform is supported on the piers, begin pressurizing water until the semi-submersible vessel's draft increases by 0.5 meters. Confirm that the jack-up drilling platform is firmly seated on the semi-submersible vessel. At this point, the semi-submersible vessel submerges again to 17.5m. S5: Secure the barge and two tugboats in advance. Positioning points for fixing the positioning cables are also set on the barge and tugboats. Then, referring to steps S2-S4, load the barge and tugboats into the third area based on the jack-up drilling platform and the semi-submersible vessel. Confirm that the deviation between the positioning marks on the barge and tugboats and the positioning marks on the positioning components is less than 15cm. The semi-submersible vessel floats up without discharging water. Proceed directly to step S6. S6: Secure the two anchor boats in advance and set up positioning points on the anchor boats for fixing the positioning cables. Then, refer to steps S2-S4, load the anchor boats into the first area based on the semi-submersible vessel, and confirm that the deviation between the positioning marks on the anchor boats and the positioning marks on the positioning components is less than 15cm. At this time, the semi-submersible vessel will not dissipate water and float up, and then proceed to step S7. S7: Confirm that the deviation of the positioning marks between the first group, the second group, the third group and the corresponding positioning components is less than 15cm, and confirm that the first group, the second group, and the third group have been placed in place. The semi-submersible vessel floats up according to the pre-set load adjustment procedure. S8: The floating process is completed when the deck of the semi-submersible vessel emerges from the water and the buoyancy is stopped.

[0007] Furthermore, the positioning component includes positioning posts distributed in various loading areas of the semi-submersible vessel, namely a first positioning post and a second positioning post distributed in a first area, a third positioning post, a fourth positioning post and a fifth positioning post distributed in a second area, and a sixth positioning post and a seventh positioning post distributed in a third area. The direction from bow to stern of a semi-submersible vessel is defined as the first direction, the direction from port to starboard of the semi-submersible vessel is defined as the second direction, and the starboard side of the semi-submersible vessel is defined as the loading side. The first positioning post and the second positioning post are distributed sequentially along the second direction at the stern of the semi-submersible vessel, and the second positioning post is located near the loading side of the semi-submersible vessel. The third and fourth positioning posts are sequentially distributed along the first direction on the port side of the semi-submersible vessel, with a gap between the third and fourth positioning posts and the port side of the semi-submersible vessel. The third and fifth positioning posts are distributed along the second direction, with the fifth positioning post located near the loading side of the semi-submersible vessel and closer to the first area of ​​the semi-submersible vessel than the third positioning post. The sixth and seventh positioning posts are sequentially distributed along the first direction on the port side of the semi-submersible vessel, and the sixth and seventh positioning posts are in contact with the port side of the semi-submersible vessel, with the sixth positioning post located on the side closer to the fourth positioning post.

[0008] Furthermore, the positioning column includes a vertically arranged positioning column body, and a support bracket is respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom position of the positioning column body, and the two support brackets are distributed in a V-shape. The support bracket includes a support bottom rod connected to the bottom end of the positioning body, and a support diagonal rod is connected between the support bottom rod and the positioning column body.

[0009] Furthermore, the semi-submersible vessel is equipped with a first ballast tank at its bow and two second ballast tanks at its stern. The semi-submersible vessel has a total of eight cargo winches: winches #1 and #2 are located between the two second ballast tanks; winches #3 and #4 are located at the sides of the two second ballast tanks; and winches #5, #6, #7, and #8 are located at the sides of the first ballast tank. Winches #5 and #6 are close to each other, winches #7 and #8 are close to each other, and winches #6 and #7 are far apart. Correspondingly, the positioning cable released by winch #1 is cable #1, and so on, with the remaining cables being cable #2, cable #3, cable #4, cable #5, cable #6, cable #7, and cable #8. In step S3, there are six positioning cables used to connect the jack-up drilling platform and the semi-submersible vessel: cable #3, cable #4, cable #5, cable #6, cable #7, and cable #8. There are four positioning points on the jack-up drilling platform: positioning points #1 and #2 near the stern, and positioning points #3 and #4 near the bow. Cable #3 is connected to positioning point #2, cable #4 is connected to positioning point #1, cables #5 and #7 are both connected to positioning point #3, and cables #6 and #8 are both connected to positioning point #4. In step S5, there are six positioning cables used to connect the barge, tugboat, and jack-up drilling platform / semi-submersible vessel: cable #5, cable #6, cable #7, cable #8, and two additional positioning cables, cable #9 and cable #10. There are four positioning points on the barge and tugboat: positioning points #5 and #6 near the stern, and positioning points #7 and #8 near the bow. Cable #9 is connected to positioning points #3 and #6 on both sides, and cable #10 is connected to positioning points #4 and #5 on both sides. Cable #5 and cable #7 are both connected to positioning point #7, and cable #6 and cable #8 are both connected to positioning point #8. In step S6, there are two positioning cables used to connect the anchor boat and the semi-submersible vessel, namely cable #1 and cable #2. There are two positioning points on the anchor boat, namely positioning point #9 and positioning point #10 near the stern. Cable #1 is connected to positioning point #10, and cable #2 is connected to positioning point #9.

[0010] Furthermore, the seat is made of wooden blocks.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S7, if during the buoyancy process it is found that the positioning mark on the jack-up drilling platform deviates significantly from the positioning mark on the positioning component, the semi-submersible vessel stops buoyancy and instead submerges to fine-tune the position of the jack-up drilling platform and the positioning cable. After the jack-up drilling platform is in place, it resumes buoyancy. If necessary, an auxiliary tugboat is used with a cable to assist. The tugboat leaves after the main deck of the semi-submersible vessel emerges from the water.

[0012] The advantages of this invention are as follows: The floating positioning method of this invention first groups the self-elevating drilling platform, one barge, two tugboats, and two anchor boats to be transported into groups, and then floats them sequentially on the same semi-submersible vessel according to the grouping. In the end, the self-elevating drilling platform, one barge, two tugboats, and two anchor boats are floated as a whole on the same semi-submersible vessel. During subsequent transportation, only one semi-submersible vessel is needed to complete the overall transportation of the platform and auxiliary equipment, which is very convenient and effectively reduces transportation costs.

[0013] The semi-submersible vessel is designed with positioning posts in different locations to locate the three groups, ensuring that the groups are accurately positioned after loading.

[0014] Through the coordinated operation of different cargo winches and multiple positioning cables on the semi-submersible vessel, each group can be stably pulled onto the semi-submersible vessel in sequence, providing a solid foundation for the smooth progress of the entire floating loading operation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the loading of the semi-submersible vessel in this invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a top view of the semi-submersible vessel being loaded in this invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a top view of the semi-submersible vessel in this invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning post in this invention.

[0019] Figures 5-10 This is a flowchart of the floating process in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0021] The offshore floating positioning method of the present invention is used to achieve the joint floating of a jack-up drilling platform 2, a barge 4, two tugboats 3, and two anchor boats 5. The method includes the following steps: First, a semi-submersible vessel 1 is prepared for floating. Positioning components are distributed on the semi-submersible vessel 1. Then, the jack-up drilling platform 2, barge 4, tugboat 3, and anchor boat 5 are divided into three groups according to their respective sizes. The jack-up drilling platform 2 is the first group, the barge 4 and the two tugboats 3 are the second group, and the two anchor boats 5 are the third group. Then, according to the grouping order, the positioning cables are used in conjunction with the positioning components on the semi-submersible vessel 1, and the buoyancy of the semi-submersible vessel 1 is used to pull the three groups one by one to the fixed position on the semi-submersible vessel and secure them, thus completing the floating.

[0022] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 10 The method for positioning floating structures at sea according to the present invention will be further described as follows: S1: First, move the semi-submersible vessel 1, which is ready for floating, to the designated diving position. After reaching the diving position, dive and ensure that the water depth at the position is not less than 20.07m. The semi-submersible vessel 1 dives to a draft of 19.7m. The semi-submersible vessel 1 is divided into three loading areas, which are defined as the first area for loading the third group, the second area for loading the first group, and the third area for loading the second group. The semi-submersible vessel 1 is also equipped with a positioning component for positioning the first, second, and third groups. Positioning marks are also marked on the first, second, and third groups and the positioning component. The semi-submersible vessel 1 is also equipped with a cargo winch for raising and lowering the positioning cable.

[0023] The direction from bow to stern of the semi-submersible vessel 1 is defined as the first direction, the direction from port to starboard of the semi-submersible vessel 1 is defined as the second direction, and the starboard side of the semi-submersible vessel 1 is defined as the loading side.

[0024] Two parallel first ballast tanks 11 are provided at the bow of the semi-submersible vessel 1, and two second ballast tanks 12 are provided at the stern of the semi-submersible vessel 1. The two second ballast tanks 12 are located on both sides of the semi-submersible vessel 1 along the second direction. There are a total of eight cargo winches on the semi-submersible vessel 1, namely winches #1 and #2 distributed between the two second ballast tanks 12, winches #3 and #4 distributed on the side ends of the two second ballast tanks 1, and winches #5, #6, #7 and #8 distributed on the side ends of the first ballast tanks 11. Winches #5 and #6 are close to each other, winches #7 and #8 are close to each other, and winches #6 and #7 are far apart from each other.

[0025] like Figure 3As shown in the schematic diagram, the positioning component includes positioning posts distributed in various loading areas on the semi-submersible vessel 1, namely, the first positioning post 101 and the second positioning post 102 distributed in the first area, the third positioning post 103, the fourth positioning post 104 and the fifth positioning post 105 distributed in the second area, and the sixth positioning post 106 and the seventh positioning post 107 distributed in the third area.

[0026] The first positioning post 101 and the second positioning post 102 are sequentially distributed along the second direction at the stern position of the semi-submersible vessel 1, with the second positioning post 102 located near the loading side of the semi-submersible vessel 1 and the first positioning post 101 located near the port side of the semi-submersible vessel 1.

[0027] The third positioning post 103 and the fourth positioning post 104 are distributed sequentially along the first direction on the port side of the semi-submersible vessel 1, with a gap between the third positioning post 103 and the fourth positioning post 104 and the port side of the semi-submersible vessel 1. The third positioning post 103 is closer to the first positioning post 101. The third positioning post 103 and the fifth positioning post 105 are distributed along the second direction, with the fifth positioning post 105 located near the loading side of the semi-submersible vessel 1, and the fifth positioning post 105 is closer to the first area of ​​the semi-submersible vessel than the third positioning post 103.

[0028] The sixth positioning post 106 and the seventh positioning post 107 are distributed sequentially along the first direction on the port side of the semi-submersible vessel 1, and the sixth positioning post 106 and the seventh positioning post 107 are in contact with the port side of the semi-submersible vessel 1. The sixth positioning post 106 is located on the side close to the fourth positioning post 104.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown in the schematic diagram, the positioning column includes a vertically arranged positioning column body 108. A support bracket is provided on both sides of the bottom position of the positioning column body 108, and the two support brackets are distributed in a V-shape. The support bracket includes a support bottom rod 109 connected to the bottom end of the positioning column body 108. A support diagonal rod 110 is also connected between the support bottom rod 109 and the positioning column body 108. The support diagonal rod 110 is used to strengthen and stabilize the connection between the support bottom rod 109 and the positioning column body 108, ensuring the structural strength stability of the entire positioning column.

[0030] S2: Using the assistance of two tugboats 21, tow the jack-up drilling platform 2 to the side of the semi-submersible vessel 1, ensuring that the jack-up drilling platform 2 is 50m away from the side of the semi-submersible vessel 1. Figure 5As shown, two auxiliary tugboats 21 are connected by cables to the side of the jack-up drilling platform 2 away from the semi-submersible vessel, and the two auxiliary tugboats 2 are arranged in a figure-eight shape. The jack-up drilling platform 2 is also equipped with positioning points for fixing the positioning cables. During the floating installation, the floating area is defined by the latitude and longitude of the floating point as the center and a radius of about 600m. Other vessels are prohibited from passing through this floating area.

[0031] S3: Release the positioning cable from the cargo winch and connect it to the jack-up drilling platform 2 using the cooperation of two cable-stayed boats 22. After connection, release the cables connecting the two auxiliary tugboats 21 to the jack-up drilling platform 2. Then, the cargo winches on the semi-submersible vessel 1 operate to tow the jack-up drilling platform 2 via the positioning cable, while the two auxiliary tugboats 21 push the jack-up drilling platform 2 until it is moved to the second area. Figure 7 As shown, it was confirmed that the deviation between the positioning mark on the self-elevating drilling platform 2 and the positioning mark on the positioning component was less than 15cm.

[0032] Specifically, the positioning cable released by winch #1 is cable #111, and so on, with the others being cable #212, cable #312, cable #414, cable #5115, cable #616, cable #7117, and cable #8118 respectively.

[0033] The positioning cable used to connect the jack-up drilling platform to the semi-submersible vessel has six strands, such as Figure 6 As shown, cables 113 (3), 114 (4), 115 (5), 116 (6), 117 (7), and 118 (8) are used to mark the four positioning points on the jack-up drilling platform 2. These are positioning points 1 and 2 on the stern side near the semi-submersible vessel 1, and positioning points 3 and 4 on the bow side near the semi-submersible vessel 1. Positioning points 1 and 2 are distributed along the second direction on both sides of the jack-up drilling platform 2, and positioning points 3 and 4 are also distributed along the second direction on both sides of the jack-up drilling platform 2. Cable 113 is connected to positioning point 2, cable 114 is connected to positioning point 1, cables 115 and 117 are both connected to positioning point 3, and cables 116 and 118 are both connected to positioning point 4. The positioning cables are distributed in this crisscross manner, which facilitates the pulling of the self-elevating drilling platform 2 by each cargo winch. This ensures that the self-elevating drilling platform 2 can move stably during the pulling process and avoids the phenomenon of back-and-forth swaying during the movement.

[0034] S4: The semi-submersible vessel 1 is raised and dewatered until the deck of the semi-submersible vessel 1 emerges from the water and then the raising and lowering of the vessel is stopped. It is confirmed that the position of the support block on the semi-submersible vessel 1 used to support the self-elevating drilling platform 2 is correct. In this embodiment, the support block is a wooden block. When arranging the wooden blocks, according to the empty weight of the self-elevating drilling platform 2 and the distribution of oil, water and deck cargo, more wooden blocks are arranged in the heavier positions to make the load distribution as even as possible.

[0035] After the bottom of the jack-up drilling platform 2 is supported on the pier, water is pumped in until the draft of the semi-submersible vessel 1 increases by 0.5 meters. Once it is confirmed that the jack-up drilling platform 2 is firmly seated on the semi-submersible vessel, the semi-submersible vessel 2 will submerge again to 17.5m.

[0036] S5: Secure the barge 4 to the two tugboats 3 in advance. Positioning points for securing the positioning cables are also set on the barge 4 and tugboats 3. Then, referring to steps S2-S4, load the barge 4 and tugboats 3 to the third area based on the jack-up drilling platform 2 and the semi-submersible vessel 1. Figure 9 As shown, and after confirming that the deviation between the positioning marks on the barge 4 and the tugboat 3 and the positioning marks on the positioning assembly is less than 15cm, the semi-submersible vessel 1 floats up without discharging water and proceeds directly to step S6.

[0037] Specifically, there are six positioning cables used to connect the barge 4, tugboat 3, jack-up drilling platform 2, and semi-submersible vessel 1: cable #5 (115), cable #6 (116), cable #7 (117), cable #8 (118), and two newly added positioning cables, cable #9 (119) and cable #10 (120). Figure 8 As shown, there are four positioning points on the barge 4 and tugboat 3: positioning points 5 and 6 near the stern of the semi-submersible vessel 1, and positioning points 7 and 8 near the bow of the semi-submersible vessel 1. Positioning points 5 and 6 are distributed sequentially along the second direction, as are positioning points 7 and 8. Cable 119 (number 9) is connected to positioning points 3 and 6 on both sides, and cable 120 (number 10) is connected to positioning points 4 and 5 on both sides. The positioning cables are connected at the designated points: cable #5 (115) and cable #7 (117) are both connected to positioning point #7, and cable #6 (116) and cable #8 (118) are both connected to positioning point #8. Before loading, the connections of cables #5 (115), #6 (116), #7 (117), and #8 (118) to the self-elevating drilling platform 2 must be loosened. Then, cables #5 (115), #6 (116), #7 (117), and #8 (118) are connected to the connection between barge 4 and tugboat 3. Similarly, this crisscrossing distribution of positioning cables facilitates the pulling of barge 4 and tugboat 3 by the various cargo winches, ensuring stable movement of barge 4 and tugboat 3 during the pulling process and preventing back-and-forth swaying.

[0038] S6: Secure the two anchor boats 5 in advance. Positioning points for fixing the positioning cables are also set on the anchor boats 5. Then, referring to steps S2-S4, load the anchor boats 5 into the first area based on the semi-submersible vessel 1, and confirm that the deviation between the positioning marks on the anchor boats 5 and the positioning marks on the positioning components is less than 15cm. At this time, the semi-submersible vessel floats up without discharging water and proceeds to step S7.

[0039] There are two positioning cables used to connect the anchor boat 5 and the semi-submersible vessel 1: cable #111 and cable #212. Figure 10 As shown, there are two positioning points on the anchor boat 5, namely positioning point 9 and positioning point 10, which are located near the stern. Positioning points 9 and 10 are distributed sequentially on one of the anchor boats 5 along the second direction. Among them, cable 111 is connected to positioning point 10, and cable 212 is connected to positioning point 9.

[0040] S7: Confirm that the deviation of the positioning marks between the first group, the second group, the third group and the corresponding positioning components is less than 15cm, and confirm that the first group, the second group, and the third group have been placed in place. The semi-submersible vessel 1 floats up according to the pre-set load adjustment procedure.

[0041] If, during the buoyancy process, a large deviation is found between the positioning mark on the jack-up drilling platform 2 and the positioning mark on the positioning component, the semi-submersible vessel 1 will stop buoyancy and instead submerge to fine-tune the position of the jack-up drilling platform 2 and the positioning cable. After the jack-up drilling platform 2 is in position, it will buoy again. If necessary, the auxiliary tugboat 21 will provide assistance with the cable. The auxiliary tugboat 21 will leave after the main deck of the semi-submersible vessel 1 emerges from the water.

[0042] In this embodiment, after the first group, the second group, and the third group are transferred to their positions, it is necessary to tie and fix the self-elevating drilling platform 2, barge 4, tugboat 3, anchor boat 5, and semi-submersible vessel 1 together. When tying and fixing, large anti-slip blocks, cylindrical upper and lower anti-slip blocks, and structural components with a safety load SWL=210t or equivalent are arranged on the semi-submersible vessel 1 in advance, and then bent plates are used for fixing. The safety load of the bent plates is SWL=40t.

[0043] S8: After the deck of the semi-submersible vessel 1 emerges from the water, the buoyancy stops, completing the entire floating process. Then, the semi-submersible vessel 1 sails to begin the overall transportation of the jack-up drilling platform 2, one barge 4, two tugboats 3, and two anchor boats 5.

[0044] The floating positioning method of this invention first groups the self-elevating drilling platform 2, one barge 4, two tugboats 3, and two anchor boats 5 that need to be transported into groups. Then, according to the groups, they are all floated onto the same semi-submersible vessel 1 in sequence. Finally, the self-elevating drilling platform 2, one barge 4, two tugboats 3, and two anchor boats 5 are floated together on the same semi-submersible vessel 1. During subsequent transportation, only one semi-submersible vessel 1 is needed to complete the overall transportation of the platform and auxiliary equipment, which is very convenient and effectively reduces transportation costs.

[0045] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for positioning floating equipment at sea, characterized in that: This offshore floating positioning method is used to achieve the joint floating of a jack-up drilling platform, a barge, two tugboats, and two anchor boats. The method includes the following steps: First, a semi-submersible vessel is prepared for floating. Positioning components are distributed on the semi-submersible vessel. Then, based on the required dimensions of the jack-up drilling platform, barge, tugboat, and anchor boat, they are divided into three groups. The jack-up drilling platform forms the first group, the barge and two tugboats form the second group, and the two anchor boats form the third group. Then, according to the group order, using positioning cables and the positioning components on the semi-submersible vessel, and in conjunction with the buoyancy of the semi-submersible vessel, the three groups are pulled one by one to their fixed positions on the semi-submersible vessel and secured, thus completing the floating operation.

2. The method for positioning floating structures at sea according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: S1: First, the semi-submersible vessel prepared for floating is moved to the designated diving position, and then dives to a draft of 19.7m. The semi-submersible vessel is divided into three loading areas, which are defined as the first area for loading the third group, the second area for loading the first group, and the third area for loading the second group. The semi-submersible vessel is also equipped with a positioning component for positioning the first group, the second group, and the third group. Positioning marks are also marked on the first group, the second group, the third group, and the positioning component. The semi-submersible vessel is also equipped with a cargo winch for raising and lowering the positioning cable. S2: The jack-up drilling platform is towed to the side of the semi-submersible vessel by two assisting tugboats, and is 50m away from the side of the semi-submersible vessel. The two assisting tugboats are connected by cables to the side of the jack-up drilling platform away from the semi-submersible vessel, and the two assisting tugboats are arranged in a figure-eight shape. There are also positioning points on the jack-up drilling platform for fixing the positioning cables. S3: Release the positioning cable on the cargo winch and connect it to the jack-up drilling platform through the cooperation of two cable boats. After connection, loosen the cables connecting the two auxiliary tugboats to the jack-up drilling platform. Then, the cargo winches on the semi-submersible vessel operate to tow the jack-up drilling platform through the positioning cable. At the same time, the two auxiliary tugboats push the jack-up drilling platform until it is moved to the second area. Confirm that the deviation between the positioning mark on the jack-up drilling platform and the positioning mark on the positioning component is less than 15cm. S4: The semi-submersible vessel rises to the surface and dewaters until the deck is above water. Confirm that the piers on the semi-submersible vessel supporting the jack-up drilling platform are in the correct position. Once the jack-up drilling platform is supported on the piers, begin pressurizing water until the semi-submersible vessel's draft increases by 0.5 meters. Confirm that the jack-up drilling platform is firmly seated on the semi-submersible vessel. At this point, the semi-submersible vessel submerges again to 17.5m. S5: Secure the barge and two tugboats in advance. Positioning points for fixing the positioning cables are also set on the barge and tugboats. Then, referring to steps S2-S4, load the barge and tugboats into the third area based on the jack-up drilling platform and the semi-submersible vessel. Confirm that the deviation between the positioning marks on the barge and tugboats and the positioning marks on the positioning components is less than 15cm. The semi-submersible vessel floats up without discharging water. Proceed directly to step S6. S6: Secure the two anchor boats in advance and set up positioning points on the anchor boats for fixing the positioning cables. Then, refer to steps S2-S4, load the anchor boats into the first area based on the semi-submersible vessel, and confirm that the deviation between the positioning marks on the anchor boats and the positioning marks on the positioning components is less than 15cm. At this time, the semi-submersible vessel will not dissipate water and float up, and then proceed to step S7. S7: Confirm that the deviation of the positioning marks between the first group, the second group, the third group and the corresponding positioning components is less than 15cm, and confirm that the first group, the second group, and the third group have been placed in place. The semi-submersible vessel floats up according to the pre-set load adjustment procedure. S8: The floating process is completed when the deck of the semi-submersible vessel emerges from the water and the buoyancy is stopped.

3. The method for positioning floating structures at sea according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The positioning assembly includes positioning posts distributed in various loading areas of the semi-submersible vessel, namely, a first positioning post and a second positioning post distributed in a first area, a third positioning post, a fourth positioning post and a fifth positioning post distributed in a second area, and a sixth positioning post and a seventh positioning post distributed in a third area. The direction from bow to stern of a semi-submersible vessel is defined as the first direction, the direction from port to starboard of the semi-submersible vessel is defined as the second direction, and the starboard side of the semi-submersible vessel is the loading side. The first positioning post and the second positioning post are distributed sequentially along the second direction at the stern of the semi-submersible vessel, and the second positioning post is located near the loading side of the semi-submersible vessel. The third and fourth positioning posts are sequentially distributed along the first direction on the port side of the semi-submersible vessel, with a gap between the third and fourth positioning posts and the port side of the semi-submersible vessel. The third and fifth positioning posts are distributed along the second direction, with the fifth positioning post located near the loading side of the semi-submersible vessel and closer to the first area of ​​the semi-submersible vessel than the third positioning post. The sixth and seventh positioning posts are sequentially distributed along the first direction on the port side of the semi-submersible vessel, and the sixth and seventh positioning posts are in contact with the port side of the semi-submersible vessel, with the sixth positioning post located on the side closer to the fourth positioning post.

4. The method for positioning floating structures at sea according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning column includes a vertically arranged positioning column body, and a support bracket is provided on both sides of the bottom position of the positioning column body. The two support brackets are distributed in a V-shape. The support bracket includes a support bottom rod connected to the bottom end of the positioning body, and a support diagonal rod is connected between the support bottom rod and the positioning column body.

5. The method for positioning floating structures at sea according to claim 2, characterized in that: The semi-submersible vessel has a first ballast tank at its bow and two second ballast tanks at its stern. It has eight cargo winches: winches #1 and #2 located between the two second ballast tanks; winches #3 and #4 located at the sides of the two second ballast tanks; and winches #5, #6, #7, and #8 located at the sides of the first ballast tank. Winches #5 and #6 are close to each other, winches #7 and #8 are close to each other, and winches #6 and #7 are far apart. Correspondingly, the positioning cable released by winch #1 is cable #1, and so on, with the remaining cables being cables #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7, and #8 respectively. In step S3, there are six positioning cables used to connect the jack-up drilling platform and the semi-submersible vessel: cable #3, cable #4, cable #5, cable #6, cable #7, and cable #8. There are four positioning points on the jack-up drilling platform: positioning points #1 and #2 near the stern, and positioning points #3 and #4 near the bow. Cable #3 is connected to positioning point #2, cable #4 is connected to positioning point #1, cables #5 and #7 are both connected to positioning point #3, and cables #6 and #8 are both connected to positioning point #4. In step S5, there are six positioning cables used to connect the barge, tugboat, and jack-up drilling platform / semi-submersible vessel: cable #5, cable #6, cable #7, cable #8, and two additional positioning cables, cable #9 and cable #10. There are four positioning points on the barge and tugboat: positioning points #5 and #6 near the stern, and positioning points #7 and #8 near the bow. Cable #9 is connected to positioning points #3 and #6 on both sides, and cable #10 is connected to positioning points #4 and #5 on both sides. Cable #5 and cable #7 are both connected to positioning point #7, and cable #6 and cable #8 are both connected to positioning point #8. In step S6, there are two positioning cables used to connect the anchor boat and the semi-submersible vessel, namely cable #1 and cable #2. There are two positioning points on the anchor boat, namely positioning point #9 and positioning point #10 near the stern. Cable #1 is connected to positioning point #10, and cable #2 is connected to positioning point #9.

6. The method for positioning floating structures at sea according to claim 2, characterized in that: The seat is made of wooden blocks.

7. The method for positioning floating structures at sea according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S7, if a large deviation is found between the positioning mark on the jack-up drilling platform and the positioning mark on the positioning component during the buoyancy process, the semi-submersible vessel stops buoyancy and changes to submerging to fine-tune the position of the jack-up drilling platform and the positioning cable. After the jack-up drilling platform is in place, it will buoy again. If necessary, an auxiliary tugboat will be used with a cable to assist. The tugboat will leave after the main deck of the semi-submersible vessel emerges from the water.

Images