Sea surface floating power generation system

Abstract

The application discloses a sea surface floating power generation system in the technical field of offshore power generation, which comprises a floating body, photovoltaic modules arranged on the outer wall of the floating body, a mooring anchoring assembly arranged at the lower end of the floating body, an adjusting assembly arranged between the floating body and the mooring anchoring assembly and used for adjusting the floating body, and helium filled in the floating body; one end of the mooring anchoring assembly is used for anchoring to the seabed, and the other end is connected with the floating body; the floating body is anchored to the seabed through the mooring anchoring assembly, the installation carrier of the photovoltaic modules is prevented from directly contacting with seawater, and the damage caused by corrosion and marine organism adhesion is improved; moreover, the floating body is anchored to the seabed through the mooring anchoring assembly, the structure is relatively simple, a heavy floating bearing seat is not needed, large hoisting equipment is not needed, and transportation is convenient, so that the construction period is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of offshore power generation technology, and in particular to a floating power generation system for the sea surface. Background Technology

[0002] Offshore photovoltaic power generation often uses floating platforms as the core carrier, directly laying photovoltaic modules on the sea surface. This technology has many insurmountable industry pain points: the floating platform is in direct contact with seawater for a long time, making it extremely susceptible to seawater salt spray corrosion and marine organism adhesion, resulting in rapid equipment wear and tear and high maintenance and replacement costs; the floating platform itself is bulky, making it difficult to transport, hoist, and deploy at sea, and requiring high initial engineering investment; moreover, traditional floating photovoltaic systems have weak wind and wave resistance, and are prone to capsizing and damage when encountering severe sea conditions such as strong winds, high waves, and typhoons, resulting in insufficient equipment operation safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome these shortcomings, the technical problem to be solved by this invention is: how to improve the problems of easy damage, high cost and insufficient stability of floating photovoltaic discharge structures on the sea surface.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: The floating power generation system includes a floating body, photovoltaic modules installed on the outer wall of the floating body, a mooring and anchoring assembly installed at the lower end of the floating body, and an adjustment assembly for adjusting the floating body between the floating body and the mooring and anchoring assembly. The floating body is filled with helium. One end of the mooring and anchoring assembly is used to anchor to the seabed, and the other end is connected to the floating body.

[0005] Furthermore, the buoyant body includes a multi-layered composite flexible airbag, the photovoltaic module includes a flexible thin-film photovoltaic structure, and the regulating component includes a control structure for adaptive inflation and deflation of the multi-layered composite flexible airbag.

[0006] Furthermore, the control structure includes a gas compressor connected to a multi-layered composite flexible airbag via a pipeline; a solenoid valve is installed in the pipeline; a pressure sensor is installed inside the multi-layered composite flexible airbag; and an attitude sensor is installed outside the multi-layered composite flexible airbag; it also includes an electronic control module, to which the gas compressor, solenoid valve, pressure sensor, and attitude sensor are all electrically connected.

[0007] Furthermore, the electronic control module includes a main control chip, a wind speed sensor, a light sensor, a waterproof energy storage battery pack, a combiner rectifier, cables, and a communication unit; the wind speed sensor and the light sensor are installed on the top of the multi-layer composite flexible airbag.

[0008] Furthermore, a protective net is installed on the outer wall of the multi-layered composite flexible airbag, and the protective net is made of nylon fiber woven structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the multi-layer composite flexible airbag includes, from the inside out, a TPU airtight layer, an aramid fiber tensile reinforcement layer, and a polytetrafluoroethylene weather-resistant and corrosion-resistant layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the flexible thin-film photovoltaic structure includes a flexible gallium arsenide thin-film battery, which is bonded to the outer wall of a multi-layered composite flexible airbag via structural adhesive.

[0011] Furthermore, the mooring and anchoring assembly includes multiple mooring cables, one end of which is connected to the floating body, and the other end is used to anchor to the seabed; the mooring cables are equipped with height limit buckles, which are used to adjust the length of the mooring cables.

[0012] Furthermore, the mooring cable is equipped with a buffer damping element, which includes a spring damper and a hydraulic damper connected in series.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a wave energy generation component installed on the mooring and anchoring assembly; the wave energy generation component includes a flexible elastic expansion bladder installed on the mooring and anchoring assembly, and the outer wall of the flexible elastic expansion bladder is provided with a water flow driven impeller structure; it also includes a generator, and the generator and the flexible elastic expansion bladder are connected by a guide pipe.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The floating structure is anchored to the seabed using mooring and anchoring components, preventing the photovoltaic modules from directly contacting seawater and mitigating damage caused by corrosion and marine organism attachment. Furthermore, the anchoring of the floating structure to the seabed via these components simplifies the structure, eliminating the need for heavy floating support platforms and large hoisting equipment, thus facilitating transportation and reducing construction time. In addition, this floating structure allows for real-time adjustment of the floating structure's height above the sea surface during strong winds and waves, adapting to varying wind levels. Compared to floating structures, it offers greater stability and reduces the likelihood of structural damage. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the floating power generation system on the sea surface in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the wave energy generation component structure in this invention; The diagram is labeled as follows: 1-Multi-layer composite flexible airbag, 2-Mooring cable, 3-Height limit buckle, 4-Seabed gravity anchor structure, 5-Wave energy generation component, 6-Electrical control module, 51-Buffer damping component, 52-Flexible elastic telescopic bladder, 53-Generator, 54-Water flow driven impeller structure. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention proposes a floating power generation system, including a floating body to ensure stable floating under any climatic conditions; photovoltaic modules are installed on the outer wall of the floating body, which can be photovoltaic panel structures or thin-film photovoltaic structures installed on the top wall of the floating body; a mooring and anchoring assembly is installed at the lower end of the floating body, which can be a kite-like traction structure; an adjustment assembly for adjusting the height of the floating body is installed between the floating body and the mooring and anchoring assembly, and the floating body is filled with helium; one end of the mooring and anchoring assembly is used to anchor to the seabed, and the other end is connected to the floating body.

[0018] In this embodiment, to enhance the protective performance and stability of the buoy, the buoy includes a multi-layered composite flexible airbag 1. The multi-layered composite flexible airbag 1 comprises, from the inside out, a TPU airtight layer, an aramid fiber tensile reinforcement layer, and a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) weather-resistant and corrosion-resistant layer. Specifically, it employs an inner TPU airtight layer, a middle aramid fiber tensile reinforcement layer, and an outer PTFE weather-resistant and corrosion-resistant layer; this three-layer design enhances protective strength and corrosion resistance while ensuring airtightness. The overall structure is ellipsoidal, filled with high-purity helium to provide stable lift, allowing the helium airbag to suspend above the sea surface in the range of 1m-6m, completely detached from seawater contact.

[0019] The flexible thin-film photovoltaic structure includes a flexible gallium arsenide thin-film battery, which is bonded to the outer wall of a multi-layer composite flexible airbag 1 by structural adhesive. It can work normally with slight deformation of the helium airbag, and has high photoelectric conversion efficiency and strong weather resistance.

[0020] The aforementioned adjustment component can be an automatic telescopic structure. By detecting wind speed and the attitude of the floating body through sensors, the mooring and anchoring components can be automatically extended and retracted to achieve height adjustment of the floating body. In this embodiment, in order to further adjust the floating attitude and wind resistance of the floating body while adjusting its height, the adjustment component includes a control structure for adaptively inflating and deflating the multi-layer composite flexible airbag 1. The control structure adjusts the air pressure inside the multi-layer composite flexible airbag 1, thereby controlling the buoyancy of the multi-layer composite flexible airbag 1 and achieving height adjustment.

[0021] Furthermore, the control structure includes a gas compressor, which is connected to the multi-layer composite flexible airbag 1 via a pipeline; the pipeline is equipped with a solenoid valve, a pressure sensor is installed inside the multi-layer composite flexible airbag 1, and an attitude sensor is installed outside the multi-layer composite flexible airbag 1; it also includes an electronic control module 6, and the gas compressor, solenoid valve, pressure sensor and attitude sensor are all electrically connected to the electronic control module 6.

[0022] The electronic control module 6 includes a main control chip, a wind speed sensor, a light sensor, a waterproof energy storage battery pack, a combiner rectifier, cables, and a communication unit. The wind speed sensor and the light sensor are installed on the top of the multi-layer composite flexible airbag 1 to collect real-time sea wind speed and light intensity data, which are then synchronously transmitted to the main control chip. The main control chip has a built-in adaptive control program with three control modes: under normal sea conditions with wind speeds ≤12m / s, the multi-layer composite flexible airbag 1 is controlled to maintain its rated air pressure and float at the optimal light height of 3-5m above the sea surface; under strong wind conditions with wind speeds of 12-17m / s, the solenoid valve is controlled to discharge some helium, reducing the buoyancy height. The airbag is 1-2m wide, reducing the windward area and improving stability. During typhoon conditions with wind speeds >17m / s, a large amount of helium is discharged, allowing the multi-layer composite flexible airbag 1 to be close to the sea surface, thus improving its stability. After the typhoon, the helium compressor is automatically activated to restore the buoyancy height. A light sensor, in conjunction with the main control chip, assists in adjusting the orientation of the airbag to ensure that the photovoltaic modules have the maximum light-receiving area. A waterproof energy storage battery pack is integrated into the bottom of the multi-layer composite flexible airbag 1 to store excess electrical energy and achieve peak shaving and valley filling. A combiner rectifier integrates and rectifies the current generated by the photovoltaic modules and the wave generator 53, converting it into stable DC power.

[0023] The outer wall of the multi-layer composite flexible airbag 1 is equipped with a protective net. The protective net is made of nylon fiber woven structure and is wrapped around the outside of the multi-layer composite flexible airbag 1 to effectively prevent foreign objects on the sea surface from tearing the airbag and improve the safety of the device operation.

[0024] For the mooring and anchoring assembly, it can consist of multiple radially arranged connecting ropes with adaptive telescoping structures. The adjustment assembly regulates the air pressure within the multi-layered composite flexible airbag 1, enabling automatic raising and lowering of the airbag 1. Specifically, the mooring and anchoring assembly includes multiple mooring cables 2, one end of which is connected to the buoy, and the other end is anchored to the seabed. Each mooring cable 2 is equipped with a height limit buckle 3 for adjusting its length. There are four mooring cables 2, radially and evenly connected to the bottom edge of the multi-layered composite flexible airbag 1, possessing strong tensile and corrosion resistance to prevent breakage from prolonged seawater immersion. Each mooring cable 2 is equipped with a buffer damping element 51, which includes a spring shock absorber and a hydraulic damper connected in series. The buffer damping element 51 alleviates fatigue stress on the mooring cable 2.

[0025] The buffer damping assembly consists of a spring shock absorber and a hydraulic damper connected in series. It is located in the middle of each mooring cable 2 and can effectively absorb the impact force generated by wave undulation and wind pull, alleviate fatigue stress of the mooring cable 2, and prevent structural damage. The lower end of the mooring cable 2 is a seabed gravity anchor structure 4, which is a precast concrete anchor block with an anti-scour steel plate at the bottom. It is sunk to a designated position on the seabed to achieve overall fixed anchoring of the device and prevent the multi-layer composite flexible airbag 1 from drifting with the wind. The height limit buckle is an adjustable buckle structure installed on the mooring cable 2 to limit the minimum floating height of the helium airbag to no less than 1m and prevent the airbag from contacting seawater during exhaust adjustment.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment also includes a wave energy power generation component 5 disposed on the mooring and anchoring assembly; the wave energy power generation component 5 includes a flexible elastic expansion bladder 52 disposed on the mooring and anchoring assembly, and a water flow driven impeller structure 54 disposed on the outer wall of the flexible elastic expansion bladder 52; it also includes a generator 53, and the generator 53 and the flexible elastic expansion bladder 52 are connected by a guide pipe. The flexible elastic expansion bladder 52 is a corrosion-resistant rubber elastic bladder, the number of which corresponds to the mooring cable 2, and is fixed to the position of the mooring cable 2 near the sea surface, and is periodically squeezed and expanded with the up and down of the sea waves; the water flow driven impeller is disposed on the outside of the flexible elastic expansion bladder 52, and drives the impeller to rotate when the waves surge, and simultaneously squeezes the expansion bladder; the micro hydroelectric generator 53 is connected to the flexible elastic expansion bladder 52 through a guide hose, and the directional water flow generated by the reciprocating deformation of the expansion bladder drives the rotor of the generator 53 to rotate, converting wave energy into electrical energy, forming a dual-energy complementary power generation mode with the flexible thin-film photovoltaic module, and the power output end is directly connected to the intelligent power control module 6.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the multi-layered composite flexible airbag 1 is ellipsoidal, with a major axis of 8m and a minor axis of 5m. It is filled with high-purity helium gas, has a rated working pressure of 0.12MPa, and floats at a height of 4m above the sea surface under normal operating conditions. The flexible thin-film photovoltaic structure covers an area of ​​32㎡, with a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 28% and a daily photovoltaic power generation of approximately 12kWh. The gas adaptive control mechanism 103 has a response time of ≤0.8s, enabling rapid inflation and deflation regulation. The mooring cable 2 of the mooring anchoring assembly is 16m long, 18mm in diameter, and has a tensile strength ≥20kN. The buffer damping component 51 can withstand a maximum impact force ≥15kN. The seabed gravity anchor structure 4 weighs 1.8t, has a bottom anti-scour steel plate area of ​​1.5㎡, and its mooring stability meets the requirements of a Category 12 typhoon. The height limit buckle restricts the minimum height to 1.2m to prevent the airbag from contacting seawater. The mooring and anchoring assembly features a flexible elastic expansion bladder (52) with a single unit volume of 60L, and a micro hydroelectric generator (53) with a rated power of 60W. During wave surges, it generates approximately 2.5kWh of electricity per day, effectively complementing photovoltaic power generation. The overall daily power generation of the device can reach over 14.5kWh. The main control chip of the electrical control module (6) uses an industrial-grade STM32 chip. The wind speed sensor has a detection accuracy of ±0.1m / s, and the light sensor has a detection range of 0-200,000 lux. The waterproof energy storage battery pack has a capacity of 6kWh, meeting low-power supply needs at night. The armored submarine cable has a withstand voltage rating of 10kV, ensuring stable power transmission. The Beidou remote communication unit enables real-time data upload and supports remote operation and maintenance. During operation, the device maintains the optimal floating height for power generation under normal sea conditions, automatically lowers its altitude to stabilize its posture in windy weather, and stays close to the sea surface for protection during typhoons. No human intervention is required throughout the process, and it can achieve 24-hour uninterrupted and stable power generation. After on-site simulated sea condition testing, the device has been running continuously for 180 days without failure, with stable power generation efficiency and wind and wave resistance performance meeting the standards, fully meeting the needs of offshore new energy development. In summary, this invention proposes a floating power generation system that completely eliminates seawater erosion: Utilizing a helium balloon design, the photovoltaic modules and the balloon are completely detached from the sea surface, fundamentally preventing seawater salt spray corrosion and marine organism adhesion. This extends the equipment's lifespan by more than three times and reduces maintenance costs by 60%. Dual-energy synergistic power generation: Simultaneously achieving solar photovoltaic power generation and wave energy recovery power generation, the overall energy utilization rate is significantly improved compared to single-energy offshore photovoltaic systems. During cloudy days and nighttime periods with low light, wave energy can be used for continuous power generation, greatly improving power supply stability. Lightweight and low-cost deployment: Abandoning traditional rigid floating platforms, the helium balloon structure is extremely lightweight, facilitating transportation. Deployment at sea requires no large lifting equipment, reducing engineering construction costs and adapting to large-scale network deployments in various sea areas. Superior wind and wave adaptability: Three-level wind speed adaptive altitude control, combined with buffer damping and protective structures, can withstand typhoons of level 12 or higher, adapting to complex and harsh sea conditions in the open ocean. The equipment's operational safety is far superior to traditional floating photovoltaic systems. Environmentally friendly with no secondary pollution: Helium is used as the buoyancy gas, which is stable and has no emissions. The flexible material is recyclable and does not pollute the marine ecological environment, meeting the requirements for marine green energy development.

Claims

1. A floating power generation system, comprising a floating body, wherein photovoltaic modules are mounted on the outer wall of the floating body, characterized in that, The lower end of the floating body is equipped with a mooring and anchoring assembly, and an adjustment assembly for adjusting the height of the floating body is installed between the floating body and the mooring and anchoring assembly. The floating body is filled with helium. One end of the mooring and anchoring assembly is used to anchor to the seabed, and the other end is connected to the floating body.

2. The sea-floating power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buoyant body includes a multi-layer composite flexible airbag (1), the photovoltaic module includes a flexible thin-film photovoltaic structure, and the regulating component includes a regulating structure for adaptive inflation and deflation of the multi-layer composite flexible airbag (1).

3. The sea-floating power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control structure includes a gas compressor, which is connected to a multi-layer composite flexible airbag (1) via a pipeline; a solenoid valve is installed in the pipeline; a pressure sensor is installed inside the multi-layer composite flexible airbag (1); and an attitude sensor is installed outside the multi-layer composite flexible airbag (1); it also includes an electronic control module (6), and the gas compressor, solenoid valve, pressure sensor and attitude sensor are all electrically connected to the electronic control module (6).

4. The sea-floating power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electronic control module (6) includes a main control chip, a wind speed sensor, a light sensor, a waterproof energy storage battery pack, a combiner rectifier, a cable, and a communication unit; the wind speed sensor and the light sensor are installed on the top of the multi-layer composite flexible airbag (1).

5. The sea-floating power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer wall of the multi-layer composite flexible airbag (1) is equipped with a protective net, which is made of nylon fiber woven structure.

6. The sea-floating power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The multi-layer composite flexible airbag (1) includes a TPU airtight layer, an aramid fiber tensile reinforcement layer, and a polytetrafluoroethylene weather-resistant and corrosion-resistant layer connected sequentially from the inside to the outside.

7. The sea-floating power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flexible thin-film photovoltaic structure includes a flexible gallium arsenide thin-film battery, which is bonded to the outer wall of a multilayer composite flexible airbag (1) by structural adhesive.

8. The sea-floating power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mooring and anchoring assembly includes multiple mooring cables (2), one end of which is connected to the floating body and the other end is used to anchor to the seabed; the mooring cable (2) is equipped with a height limit buckle (3), which is used to adjust the length of the mooring cable (2).

9. The sea-floating power generation system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mooring cable (2) is equipped with a buffer damping element (51), which includes a spring damper and a hydraulic damper connected in series.

10. The sea-floating power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a wave energy power generation component (5) installed on the mooring and anchoring assembly; the wave energy power generation component (5) includes a flexible elastic expansion bladder (52) installed on the mooring and anchoring assembly, and the outer wall of the flexible elastic expansion bladder (52) is provided with a water flow driven impeller structure (54); it also includes a generator (53), and the generator (53) and the flexible elastic expansion bladder (52) are connected by a guide pipe.

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