Ice crack paint, method for preparing the same and use thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an ice crack paint and a preparation method and application thereof. The ice crack paint comprises a primer layer, the primer layer comprises a primer and a crystallization agent, and the formula of the primer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of a water-based polyurethane resin, 5-9 parts of a water-based acrylic resin, 3-7 parts of a water-based amino resin, 2-4 parts of an ether solvent, 2-4 parts of an alcohol solvent, 1-3 parts of an additive, 3-5 parts of a color paste, 5-9 parts of an effect pigment, and 35-45 parts of water, and the parts by weight of the crystallization agent is 5-8 parts. The ice crack paint provided by the application can present an ice crack appearance effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of coating technology, and in particular to an ice crackle paint, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the automotive industry and the increasing aesthetic demands of consumers, the decorative aspects of car exteriors are receiving growing attention. As a crucial component of a car's appearance, paint's color, gloss, and unique visual effects directly impact the overall aesthetics and brand recognition. Currently, the main types of automotive paint on the market include solid color paint, metallic paint, and pearlescent paint. Metallic paint achieves a shimmering metallic texture by adding effect pigments such as aluminum powder; pearlescent paint, on the other hand, utilizes the light interference effect of materials like mica flakes to present a soft, subtle gloss variation.

[0003] In recent years, to meet the demands for personalization and high-end customization, a number of special effect paints have emerged, such as chameleon paint, matte paint, and effect paints with fine shimmer or grainy textures. These technologies are mainly achieved by adding special pigments, adjusting resin systems, or using multi-layer spraying processes. However, existing technologies still largely focus on relatively conventional visual effects such as gloss, color gradation, or grainy shimmer. There is still a significant gap in automotive paint technologies that can simulate complex textures in nature or art (such as ice crackle patterns) in a stable, controllable, and mass-producible manner. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application provides an ice crackle paint capable of producing an ice crackle effect, a method for preparing the paint, and its application.

[0005] The first aspect of this application provides an ice crackle paint, the ice crackle paint comprising a primer layer, the primer layer comprising a base coat and a crystallizing agent, wherein, by weight, the primer formulation comprises the following components: 25-35 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin, 5-9 parts of waterborne acrylic resin, 3-7 parts of waterborne amino resin, 2-4 parts of ether solvent, 2-4 parts of alcohol solvent, 1-3 parts of additives, 3-5 parts of color paste, 5-9 parts of effect pigment, and 35-45 parts of water, and the crystallizing agent comprises 5-8 parts by weight.

[0006] In some embodiments, the crystallizing agent includes at least one of isopropanol and urea.

[0007] In some embodiments, the ice crackle paint further includes a color paint layer that covers the surface of the primer layer, the color paint layer comprising a color paint; the color paint formulation, by weight, comprises the following components: 25-35 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin, 5-9 parts of waterborne acrylic resin, 3-7 parts of waterborne amino resin, 2-4 parts of ether solvent, 2-4 parts of alcohol solvent, 1-3 parts of additives, 3-5 parts of color paste, 5-9 parts of effect pigment, and 35-45 parts of water.

[0008] In some embodiments, the crackle paint further includes a topcoat layer that covers the surface of the color paint layer opposite to the primer layer, the topcoat layer comprising polyurethane.

[0009] In some embodiments, the thickness of the primer layer is 10 μm to 15 μm, and / or the thickness of the paint layer is 10 μm to 15 μm.

[0010] The second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing ice crackle paint, comprising the following steps: Provide a substrate and formulate the primer and the color paint; The primer is applied to the substrate; A crystallizing agent is coated onto the primer to form the primer layer.

[0011] In some embodiments, the step of “coating a crystallizing agent onto the primer to form the primer layer” includes: coating a crystallizing agent onto the primer, allowing the crystallizing agent to penetrate and form the primer layer, wherein the penetration time is 24h to 48h.

[0012] In some embodiments, after the step of "applying a crystallizing agent to the primer to form the primer layer", the method further includes: applying the color paint to the surface of the primer layer to form the color paint layer.

[0013] In some embodiments, the preparation method further includes providing a topcoat by coating the topcoat onto the surface of the paint layer opposite to the primer layer to form a topcoat layer.

[0014] The third aspect of this application provides the application of the aforementioned crackle paint in transportation equipment, construction equipment, household equipment, and industrial machinery.

[0015] The ice crackle paint provided in this application contains a crystallizing agent in its primer layer. The crystallizing agent undergoes physical cross-linking with the resin and other components in the primer layer, inducing changes in internal stress and forming microcrack nuclei, thus presenting the visual effect of ice crackle. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation method of ice crack paint provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a photograph of the ice-crack paint prepared according to one embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a photograph of the ice crack paint prepared in Example 1 of this application.

[0019] Figure 4This is a photograph of the ice crack paint prepared in Example 2 of this application.

[0020] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will further illustrate this application. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. The reagents and materials described in the following embodiments are all commercially available.

[0022] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the embodiments of this application, the application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0023] The following description sets forth numerous specific details to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. The described implementations are only a portion, not all, of the embodiments described herein. All other implementations obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which embodiments of this application belong. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the embodiments of this application.

[0025] This application provides an ice crackle paint, which includes a primer layer. By weight, the primer layer contains the following components: 25-35 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin, 5-9 parts of waterborne acrylic resin, 3-7 parts of waterborne amino resin, 2-4 parts of ether solvent, 2-4 parts of alcohol solvent, 1-3 parts of additives, 3-5 parts of color paste, 5-9 parts of effect pigment, 35-45 parts of water, and 5-8 parts of crystallizing agent.

[0026] This application introduces a crystallizing agent into the primer layer. The crystallizing agent physically cross-links with the resin and other components in the primer layer, inducing internal stress changes and forming microcrack nuclei, thus creating the visual effect of ice crackles. The primer layer provides a color base and enhances the overall compatibility between the ice crackle paint and the crystallizing agent, solving the problem of substrate applicability.

[0027] In some embodiments, the crystallizing agent includes at least one of isopropanol and urea. Using a crystallizing agent containing these components can help promote the formation of the ice crack effect.

[0028] In some embodiments, the thickness of the primer layer is 10 μm to 15 μm. For example, the thickness of the primer layer can be 10 μm, 11 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm, 14 μm, 15 μm, or any value within the range of any two of the above values. Controlling the thickness of the primer layer within the above range can not only present the ice crackle effect, but also help to improve the overall appearance of the ice crackle paint, such as resulting in high gloss and high DOI of the paint film.

[0029] In some embodiments, the crackle paint further includes a color coat layer covering the surface of the primer layer; by weight, the color coat layer comprises the following components: 25-35 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin, 5-9 parts of waterborne acrylic resin, 3-7 parts of waterborne amino resin, 2-4 parts of ether solvent, 2-4 parts of alcohol solvent, 1-3 parts of additives, 3-5 parts of color paste, 5-9 parts of effect pigments, and 35-45 parts of water. The color coat layer can be used to increase color diversity and three-dimensionality; the color coat layer interacts with the crystallizing agent to fix the crackle pattern and enhance the visual effect.

[0030] In some embodiments, the thickness of the paint layer is 10 μm to 15 μm. For example, the thickness of the paint layer can be 10 μm, 11 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm, 14 μm, 15 μm, or any value within the range of any two of the above values. Controlling the thickness of the paint layer within the above range can not only present the ice crackle effect, but also help to improve the overall appearance of the ice crackle paint, such as resulting in high gloss and high DOI of the paint film.

[0031] In some embodiments, the crackle paint further includes a topcoat layer that covers the surface of the color paint layer facing away from the primer layer. The topcoat layer comprises polyurethane. As a protective layer, the topcoat layer covers the entire surface of the crackle paint, improving weather resistance, water resistance, and chemical resistance. It protects the color paint layer and primer layer from UV rays, rainwater, or chemicals, helping to improve the stability of the crackle effect during long-term use and extending its service life. Simultaneously, the topcoat layer enhances the overall gloss and hardness.

[0032] In some embodiments, the thickness of the topcoat layer can be 40 μm to 50 μm. For example, the thickness of the topcoat layer can be 40 μm, 42 μm, 44 μm, 46 μm, 48 μm, 50 μm, or any value within the range of any two of the above values.

[0033] Please see Figure 1 This application provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned ice crackle paint, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Provide a substrate and prepare a primer and a color coat; Step S2: Apply primer to the substrate; Step S3: Apply a crystallizing agent onto the primer to form a primer layer.

[0034] In some embodiments, the method for preparing ice crackle paint further includes step S4: coating the surface of the primer layer with a colored paint to form a colored paint layer.

[0035] In some embodiments, step S1, when providing the substrate, further includes pretreatment of the substrate. Pretreatment includes one or more of the following: cleaning, degreasing, phosphating, electrophoresis, and applying a mid-coat. Cleaning the substrate removes impurities from its surface, effectively reducing defects such as uneven coating or cracks caused by impurities. After degreasing, phosphating, and electrophoresis, an electrophoretic layer forms on the substrate's surface, providing a clean and activated surface for subsequent coating and improving the overall adhesion of the crackle paint. The mid-coat adheres firmly to the substrate surface and easily combines with the primer, acting as a bridge between the two. Furthermore, the mid-coat has leveling properties to eliminate holes and lines on the substrate surface, resulting in a smoother surface. The coating thickness of the mid-coat can be 25μm to 45μm, for example, 25μm, 30μm, 35μm, 40μm, 45μm, or any value within the range of any two of the above values.

[0036] In this application, the substrate can be a metal substrate. Existing ice-crack technology primarily utilizes substrates suitable for materials such as ceramics and glass, exhibiting poor applicability to metal substrates. This application, however, pre-treats the metal substrate, including electrophoresis, providing a favorable adhesion foundation. After applying the primer, a crystallizing agent is then applied, avoiding direct contact between the crystallizing agent and the metal substrate and reducing stress cracking caused by differences in the thermal expansion coefficients of the substrates. This application provides multi-layered reinforcement of the adhesion and bonding between the coating and the substrate, resolving the applicability issue of traditional ice-crack technology to metal substrates. This results in stronger adhesion of the ice-crack paint to metal substrates and a more stable and uniform formation of the ice-crack effect.

[0037] In some implementations, the step of preparing the primer includes: (1) Weigh the following components by weight: 25-35 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin, 5-9 parts of waterborne acrylic resin, 3-7 parts of waterborne amino resin, 2-4 parts of ether solvent, 2-4 parts of alcohol solvent, 1-3 parts of additives, 3-5 parts of color paste, 5-9 parts of effect pigment, and 35-45 parts of water. (2) Mix the waterborne polyurethane resin, waterborne acrylic resin, and waterborne amino resin according to the above weight proportions. Then, add ether solvent, alcohol solvent, and additives while stirring. After stirring evenly, add color paste, effect pigment, and water simultaneously to obtain the primer. After stirring evenly, let it stand for a period of time until the bubbles in the primer disappear.

[0038] In some implementations, the step of preparing the paint includes: (1) Weigh the following components by weight: 25-35 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin, 5-9 parts of waterborne acrylic resin, 3-7 parts of waterborne amino resin, 2-4 parts of ether solvent, 2-4 parts of alcohol solvent, 1-3 parts of additives, 3-5 parts of color paste, 5-9 parts of effect pigment and 35-45 parts of water. (2) Mix the waterborne polyurethane resin, waterborne acrylic resin, and waterborne amino resin according to the above weight proportions. Then, add ether solvent, alcohol solvent, and additives while stirring. After stirring evenly, add color paste, effect pigment, and water simultaneously to obtain the colored paint. After stirring evenly, let it stand for a period of time until the bubbles in the colored paint disappear.

[0039] In this application, ether solvents may include one or both of ethylene glycol butyl ether and propylene glycol methyl ether. Alcohol solvents may include one or both of isopropanol and ethanol. Additives may include one or more of leveling agents, wetting agents, or defoamers. Pigments may include titanium dioxide, carbon black, phthalocyanine green, iron oxide red, iron oxide yellow, etc. Effect pigments may include one or more of mica powder or metallic powder.

[0040] In some embodiments, step S2, “applying primer to the substrate” may include: using a spray gun to uniformly spray primer onto the surface of the substrate under conditions of ambient temperature of 21°C to 25°C and relative humidity of 45% to 55%, adjusting the spray flow rate during the process so that the thickness of the primer layer after drying is 10μm to 15μm.

[0041] The spraying pressure of the spray gun can be 0.2 MPa to 0.4 MPa, the distance between the spray gun and the substrate can be 15 cm to 25 cm, and the speed of the spray gun movement can be 30 cm / s to 50 cm / s. After the primer is applied, the substrate is placed at a temperature of 70℃ to 90℃ for dehydration and drying to ensure that the primer coating is uniform and free from sagging or orange peel-like pitting. The dehydration and drying time can be 3 min to 7 min.

[0042] In some embodiments, step S3, "coating a crystallizing agent onto the primer to form a primer layer", includes: coating a crystallizing agent onto the primer, allowing the crystallizing agent to penetrate and form a primer layer.

[0043] Specifically: Under ambient temperatures of 25℃~30℃ and relative humidity of 50%~60%, apply a crystallizing agent to a dry primer using a spray gun. Then, allow the crystallizing agent to stand and penetrate at room temperature for 24h~48h. For example, the penetration time can be 24h, 28h, 30h, 34h, 38h, 40h, 44h, 48h, or any value within the range of any two of the above values. The penetration rate can be 0.5 mg / cm²~1.0 mg / cm², measured by gravimetric method. This is an example; the penetration time and rate can be adjusted according to the desired cracking effect.

[0044] The spraying pressure of the spray gun can be 0.2 MPa to 0.4 MPa, the distance between the spray gun and the substrate can be 15 cm to 25 cm, and the speed of the spray gun can be 30 cm / s to 50 cm / s.

[0045] In this application, the crystallizing agent penetrates into the primer layer through capillary action, undergoing physical cross-linking with the resin and other components in the primer layer. This induces internal stress changes, forming microcrack nuclei and creating the visual effect of ice cracks. The size and depth of the ice cracks can be adjusted by the penetration time and amount, achieving precise control over the ice cracks and making them more natural, three-dimensional, and layered. For example, a short penetration time produces fine, fragmented cracks; extending the penetration time or increasing the penetration amount creates more three-dimensional and layered cracks. Furthermore, the distribution of the ice cracks can be controlled during the application of the crystallizing agent. This allows for precise adjustment of the overall size, depth, distribution, and three-dimensionality of the ice cracks according to design requirements, resulting in a natural and aesthetically pleasing ice crack effect and enhancing the decorative quality.

[0046] In some implementations, environmentally friendly crystallizing agents can be used to reduce the generation and emission of volatile organic compounds. For example, the crystallizing agent may include at least one of isopropanol and urea. Furthermore, the chemical properties of the crystallizing agent are compatible with the primer and paint, which helps ensure the uniformity and repeatability of the ice crack pattern.

[0047] In some embodiments, step S4, "coating the surface of the primer layer with color paint to form a color paint layer", may include: after the crystallizer has penetrated, using a spray gun, uniformly spraying the color paint onto the surface of the primer layer under the conditions of an ambient temperature of 21°C to 25°C and a relative humidity of 45% to 55%, adjusting the spray flow rate during this process so that the thickness of the dried primer layer is 25μm to 35μm.

[0048] The spray gun can operate at a pressure of 0.2 MPa to 0.4 MPa, with a distance of 15 cm to 25 cm between the gun and the substrate, and a movement speed of 30 cm / s to 50 cm / s. During spraying, ensure the paint completely covers cracks, avoiding bubbles or voids. The color of the paint can be the same as or different from the primer, depending on specific design requirements. The combination of primer and paint facilitates color diversity, such as... Figure 2 This can increase the sense of depth in the colors.

[0049] After the paint is applied, the substrate is placed at 70℃~90℃ for dehydration and drying to ensure a uniform paint coating without sagging or orange peel-like pitting, thus forming a paint layer. The dehydration and drying time can be 3 min~7 min. Applying the paint allows the crystallizing agent to further cross-link with the paint, inducing internal stress changes and forming microcrack nuclei, presenting an ice crack effect. This also makes the ice crack visual effect more layered and three-dimensional. In addition, the paint further enhances the adhesion between the overall ice crack paint and the substrate.

[0050] In some embodiments, after forming the paint layer, the method further includes: providing a topcoat, applying the topcoat to the surface of the paint layer opposite to the primer layer to form a topcoat layer.

[0051] Specifically, the topcoat includes polyurethane. After the color paint layer dries, the topcoat is sprayed onto the surface of the color paint layer that is opposite to the primer layer using a spray gun. The topcoat thickness can be 40μm to 50μm.

[0052] The spraying pressure of the spray gun can be 0.2 MPa to 0.4 MPa, the distance between the spray gun and the paint layer can be 15 cm to 25 cm, and the speed of the spray gun movement can be 30 cm / s to 50 cm / s. After spraying, the topcoat is cured at a temperature of 130℃ to 150℃ for 20 min to 40 min. The high temperature causes a thermosetting reaction in the topcoat, forming a dense network structure and improving the overall weather resistance of the ice-crack paint. Reasonable control of the curing temperature and time ensures complete cross-linking of the topcoat, enhancing its adhesion and bonding to the paint layer. The topcoat possesses excellent UV stability, hydrophobicity, and chemical resistance, effectively sealing the underlying coating and preventing the intrusion of environmental factors (such as UV rays, moisture, and contaminants). The clear coat layer acts as a protective barrier, reducing the risk of coating aging and cracking deformation, thus ensuring the durability of the ice-crack effect and meeting the high durability standards required by the automotive industry and other fields.

[0053] After completing the above steps, the paint surface with ice crackle pattern can be obtained by drying (e.g., air drying).

[0054] This application also provides the application of the above-mentioned ice crackle paint in transportation equipment, construction equipment, home furnishings, and industrial machinery, especially in vehicles and other equipment with appearance requirements.

[0055] Example 1 S1. Provide a metal substrate for the vehicle body, and sequentially perform cleaning, degreasing, phosphating, electrophoretic treatment, and coating with intermediate paint on the metal substrate.

[0056] S2. Weigh 30 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin, 7 parts of waterborne acrylic resin, 5 parts of waterborne amino resin, 3 parts of ether solvent (2 parts of ethylene glycol butyl ether and 1 part of propylene glycol methyl ether), 3 parts of alcohol solvent (1.5 parts of isopropanol and 1.5 parts of ethanol), 2 parts of additives (1 part of leveling agent, 0.5 parts of wetting agent and 0.5 parts of defoamer), 4 parts of color paste (iron oxide red and carbon black), 7 parts of effect pigment, and 39 parts of deionized water to prepare the primer.

[0057] S3. Weigh 30 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin, 7 parts of waterborne acrylic resin, 5 parts of waterborne amino resin, 3 parts of ether solvent, 3 parts of alcohol solvent, 2 parts of additives, 4 parts of color paste (iron oxide red, carbon black), 7 parts of effect pigment, and 39 parts of deionized water to prepare the paint.

[0058] S4. Under ambient temperature of 23℃ and relative humidity of 50%, use a spray gun to evenly spray the primer onto the surface of the metal substrate. During this process, adjust the spray flow rate to ensure that the thickness of the dried primer layer is 10μm~11μm. The spray pressure of the spray gun is 0.3Mpa, the distance between the spray gun and the metal substrate is 20cm, and the speed of the spray gun movement is 40cm / s. After the primer is applied, place the metal substrate at 80℃ for dehydration and drying for 5 minutes to ensure a uniform primer coating without sagging or orange peel-like pitting.

[0059] S5. Under ambient temperature of 25℃ and relative humidity of 55%, use a spray gun to spray a crystallizing agent (model DSKL-BY800, Guangzhou Disco Chemical Co., Ltd.) onto the dry primer. The amount of crystallizing agent used is 8 parts by weight. Then, allow the crystallizing agent to stand and penetrate at room temperature for 48 hours, with a penetration rate of 0.8 mg / cm². The spraying pressure of the spray gun is 0.5 MPa, the distance between the spray gun and the metal substrate is 15 cm, and the speed of the spray gun movement is 40 cm / s.

[0060] S6. After the crystallizer has penetrated, a primer layer is formed. Under ambient temperatures of 23℃ and relative humidity of 50%, use a spray gun to evenly spray the color paint onto the surface of the primer layer. During this process, adjust the spray flow rate to ensure the dried color paint layer thickness is 12μm~13μm. The spray gun pressure is 0.4MPa, the distance between the spray gun and the metal substrate is 25cm, and the spray gun movement speed is 35cm / s. After the color paint is applied, place the metal substrate at 80℃ for dehydration and drying for 5 minutes to ensure a uniform coating without runs or orange peel-like pits, thus forming the color paint layer.

[0061] S7. After the paint layer dries, use a spray gun to spray polyurethane topcoat onto the surface of the paint layer away from the primer layer. The topcoat thickness is 40μm. The spraying pressure of the spray gun is 0.3Mpa, the distance between the spray gun and the metal substrate is 15cm, and the speed of the spray gun movement is 40cm / s.

[0062] S8. Cure the topcoat at 140℃ for 30 minutes.

[0063] Therefore, please refer to Figure 3 The result is a red car paint with an ice crack effect, and the ice crack is wider and more visually striking. Figure 3 The paint in this vehicle includes a primer layer, a color paint layer, and a topcoat layer. The color paint layer covers the surface of the primer layer, and the topcoat layer covers the surface of the color paint layer that is away from the primer layer. The thickness of the primer layer is 10μm~11μm, and the thickness of the color paint layer is 12μm~13μm.

[0064] Example 2 S1. Provide a metal substrate for the vehicle body, and sequentially perform cleaning, degreasing, phosphating, electrophoretic treatment, and coating with intermediate paint on the metal substrate.

[0065] S2. Weigh 30 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin, 7 parts of waterborne acrylic resin, 5 parts of waterborne amino resin, 3 parts of ether solvent (2 parts of ethylene glycol butyl ether and 1 part of propylene glycol methyl ether), 3 parts of alcohol solvent (1.5 parts of isopropanol and 1.5 parts of ethanol), 2 parts of additives (1 part of leveling agent, 0.5 parts of wetting agent and 0.5 parts of defoamer), 4 parts of color paste (phthalocyanine green, carbon black and iron oxide yellow), 7 parts of effect pigment and 39 parts of deionized water to prepare the primer.

[0066] S3. Weigh 30 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin, 7 parts of waterborne acrylic resin, 5 parts of waterborne amino resin, 3 parts of ether solvent, 3 parts of alcohol solvent, 2 parts of additives, 4 parts of color paste (phthalocyanine green, carbon black, iron oxide yellow), 7 parts of effect pigment, and 39 parts of deionized water to prepare the paint.

[0067] S4. Under ambient temperature of 23℃ and relative humidity of 50%, use a spray gun to evenly spray the primer onto the surface of the metal substrate. During this process, adjust the spray flow rate to ensure that the thickness of the dried primer layer is 10μm~11μm. The spray pressure of the spray gun is 0.3Mpa, the distance between the spray gun and the metal substrate is 20cm, and the speed of the spray gun movement is 40cm / s. After the primer is applied, place the metal substrate at 80℃ for dehydration and drying for 5 minutes to ensure a uniform primer coating without sagging or orange peel-like pitting.

[0068] S5. Under ambient temperature of 25℃ and relative humidity of 55%, use a spray gun to spray a crystallizing agent (model DSKL-BY800, Guangzhou Disco Chemical Co., Ltd.) onto the dry primer. The amount of crystallizing agent used is 8 parts by weight. Then, allow the crystallizing agent to stand and penetrate at room temperature for 24 hours, with a penetration rate of 0.5 mg / cm². The spraying pressure of the spray gun is 0.5 MPa, the distance between the spray gun and the metal substrate is 15 cm, and the speed of the spray gun movement is 40 cm / s.

[0069] S6. After the crystallizer has penetrated, a primer layer is formed. Under ambient temperatures of 23℃ and relative humidity of 50%, use a spray gun to evenly spray the color paint onto the surface of the primer layer. During this process, adjust the spray flow rate to ensure the dried color paint layer thickness is 12μm~13μm. The spray gun pressure is 0.4MPa, the distance between the spray gun and the metal substrate is 25cm, and the spray gun movement speed is 35cm / s. After the color paint is applied, place the metal substrate at 80℃ for dehydration and drying for 5 minutes to ensure a uniform coating without runs or orange peel-like pits, thus forming the color paint layer.

[0070] S7. After the paint layer dries, use a spray gun to spray polyurethane topcoat onto the surface of the paint layer away from the primer layer. The topcoat thickness is 40μm. The spraying pressure of the spray gun is 0.3Mpa, the distance between the spray gun and the metal substrate is 15cm, and the speed of the spray gun movement is 40cm / s.

[0071] S8. Cure the topcoat at 140℃ for 30 minutes.

[0072] Therefore, please refer to Figure 4 The resulting car paint is green and has an ice crack effect. Because Example 2 shortened the penetration time of the crystallizing agent, Example 2 produces a fine ice crack effect. Figure 4 The paint in this vehicle includes a primer layer, a color paint layer, and a topcoat layer. The color paint layer covers the surface of the primer layer, and the topcoat layer covers the surface of the color paint layer that is away from the primer layer. The thickness of the primer layer is 10μm~11μm, and the thickness of the color paint layer is 12μm~13μm.

[0073] Example 3 The only difference between the preparation method of Example 3 and Example 1 is the amount of crystallizing agent used. In Example 3, the amount of crystallizing agent used is 5 parts.

[0074] Comparative Example 1 The only difference between the preparation method of Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that no crystallizing agent was added in Comparative Example 1, and the other steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0075] Performance Testing (1) Appearance inspection: Visually observe whether the appearance shows the effect of ice cracks.

[0076] (2) Impact resistance test: According to GB / T 1732-2020 Test Method for Impact Resistance of Coating Film, whether the coating film has no cracks, wrinkles and peeling under a normal impact of 30 cm.

[0077] (3) Adhesion test: According to Q / JL J174010-2017 Organic Coating Adhesion Test Method, the cross-cut test (2mm) is used, and the required grade is ≤1.

[0078] (4) Alkali resistance test: According to Q / JL J130009-2019 Method for Determination of Chemical Corrosion Resistance of Paint Film on Body and Exterior Parts, the test cycle is 24 h, and the requirements are foaming grade 0, discoloration grade 0 (45°), and gloss change ≤5%.

[0079] (5) Weather resistance test: According to Q / JL J174009-2025 Xenon lamp accelerated aging test method for composite coating of body paint, after the coating is artificially accelerated aged for 3000 h, according to GB / T 1766 rating method for aging of paint and clear coat, the bubbling level is required to be 0, the discoloration level is ≤1 (45°), the gloss change is ≤10%, and the cracks do not expand.

[0080] According to the above test methods, the appearance, impact resistance, adhesion, alkali resistance and weather resistance of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 were tested. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0081] Table 1 According to Table 1 and Figure 3 , Figure 4It is evident that the ice-crack texture paint provided in this application can produce a three-dimensional, layered ice-crack effect, while Comparative Example 1 cannot produce the appearance effect of ice-crack texture. Furthermore, the ice-crack texture paint prepared using the method of this application exhibits good impact resistance, with no cracks, wrinkles, or peeling; the adhesion level meets the requirements, even reaching the optimal level of 0; in the alkali resistance test, the bubbling level reaches 0, the discoloration level reaches 0, and the gloss change is ≤5%, meeting the requirements; and in the weather resistance test, after 3000 hours of artificial accelerated aging, the bubbling level is 0, the discoloration level is ≤1, the gloss change is ≤10%, and the cracks do not expand, all meeting the requirements.

[0082] The preparation method provided in this application is simple in steps, requiring no complex coating and coloring processes, thus simplifying the process and reducing equipment investment and energy consumption. The crystallizer penetration method is easy to automate and does not require special drying conditions (such as natural drying), improving production efficiency. Simultaneously, the paint layer can use a variety of water-based pigments, providing a wide range of color choices, and the crystallizer enhances the three-dimensional effect of the cracks, making the final effect more vivid and personalized. This meets consumers' diverse demands for automotive appearance while reducing costs, facilitating large-scale mass production. Furthermore, since this application primarily uses water-based materials, combined with environmentally friendly crystallizers, it can reduce the generation and emission of volatile organic compounds.

[0083] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of this application should not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. A crackle-finish paint, characterized in that, The product includes a primer layer, which comprises a primer and a crystallizing agent. By weight, the primer formulation contains the following components: 25-35 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin, 5-9 parts of waterborne acrylic resin, 3-7 parts of waterborne amino resin, 2-4 parts of ether solvent, 2-4 parts of alcohol solvent, 1-3 parts of additives, 3-5 parts of color paste, 5-9 parts of effect pigment, and 35-45 parts of water. The crystallizing agent is 5-8 parts by weight.

2. The ice-crack texture paint as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The crystallizing agent includes at least one of isopropanol and urea.

3. The ice-crack texture paint as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ice crackle paint also includes a color paint layer, which covers the surface of the primer layer. The color paint layer includes a color paint. By weight, the color paint formulation contains the following components: 25-35 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin, 5-9 parts of waterborne acrylic resin, 3-7 parts of waterborne amino resin, 2-4 parts of ether solvent, 2-4 parts of alcohol solvent, 1-3 parts of additives, 3-5 parts of color paste, 5-9 parts of effect pigment, and 35-45 parts of water.

4. The ice-crack texture paint as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The ice-crack paint also includes a topcoat layer that covers the surface of the color paint layer away from the primer layer, and the topcoat layer includes polyurethane.

5. The ice-crack texture paint as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The thickness of the primer layer is 10μm~15μm, and / or the thickness of the color paint layer is 10μm~15μm.

6. A method for preparing ice-crack textured paint as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Provide a substrate and formulate the primer and the color paint; The primer is applied to the substrate; A crystallizing agent is coated onto the primer to form the primer layer.

7. The method for preparing ice-crack textured paint as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The step of "coating a crystallizing agent onto the primer to form the primer layer" includes: coating the crystallizing agent onto the primer, allowing the crystallizing agent to penetrate and form the primer layer, wherein the penetration time is 24h~48h.

8. The method for preparing ice-crack textured paint as described in claim 6, characterized in that, After the step of "applying a crystallizing agent to the primer to form the primer layer", the method further includes: applying the color paint to the surface of the primer layer to form the color paint layer.

9. The method for preparing ice-crack textured paint as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The preparation method further includes providing a topcoat, which is applied to the surface of the paint layer opposite to the primer layer to form a topcoat layer.

10. The application of the ice crackle paint as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 in transportation equipment, construction equipment, household equipment, and industrial machinery.

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