Self-fixing ecological building block and vertical type bank protection structure of river channel

Abstract

The application discloses a self-fixing ecological building block and a river vertical type slope protection and bank protection structure, and relates to the field of slope protection and bank protection. The self-fixing ecological building block is provided with a fixing part, the fixing part comprises a self-locking fixing hole and a self-locking connecting part, a plurality of self-fixing ecological building blocks can be arranged in a triangular shape in a vertical plane, left and right adjacent self-fixing ecological building blocks are connected through the self-locking connecting part, and upper and lower adjacent self-fixing ecological building blocks are connected through the self-locking fixing hole and the self-locking connecting part; and the self-fixing ecological building block extends forwardly and is provided with a bucket-shaped cabin. The river vertical type slope protection and bank protection structure comprises the self-fixing ecological building block, a pressing top cover plate and a settlement joint accessory. The self-fixing ecological building block is arranged in a triangular shape to construct an overall vertical slope protection structure, and dual protection of modular assembly and structural self-stability is realized; the self-fixing ecological building blocks are arranged in a triangular shape to form a spatial interlocking system, stability is increased, and multiple load effects such as water flow scouring, bank slope sliding and frost heaving deformation can be resisted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of riverbank protection structures, specifically a self-fixing ecological block and a vertical riverbank protection structure. Background Technology

[0002] Riverbank protection, as a crucial component of water conservancy projects, plays a vital role in maintaining river stability, preventing soil erosion, and ensuring flood control safety. However, with rapid urbanization and increased awareness of ecological protection, traditional bank protection techniques have gradually revealed numerous problems in long-term application, failing to meet the comprehensive ecological, economic, and social benefits required by modern water conservancy projects. In particular, traditional bank protection in land-scarce areas often employs a single structural form (such as vertical or sloping types), failing to fully consider the river's topography, flow conditions, and ecological needs. This results in single structures being unable to effectively resist water flow impact in areas with complex terrain or significant flow variations, making them prone to localized damage. Traditional bank protection relies on gravity or external cementation for stability, leading to complex construction and long construction periods. While hard bank protection materials such as concrete and masonry offer high strength and durability, their smooth surfaces lack a substrate for biological attachment, hindering the formation of natural ecological chains and reducing river biodiversity. Existing slope protection designs often prioritize engineering stability while neglecting the integration of ecological functions. Specifically, this manifests in several ways: hard slopes are difficult to plant, and while flexible slopes can be planted, the variety of plant species is limited, failing to form a stable ecological community. Furthermore, slope protection structures lack spawning grounds for fish and habitats for aquatic insects, leading to a decline in river biodiversity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-fixing ecological block and a vertical riverbank protection structure to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a self-fixing ecological block, wherein the self-fixing ecological block is provided with a fixing part, the fixing part including a self-locking fixing hole and a self-locking connecting part, and a plurality of self-fixing ecological blocks can be arranged in a triangular shape in a vertical plane, with adjacent self-fixing ecological blocks on the left and right being adapted and connected through the self-locking connecting part, and adjacent self-fixing ecological blocks on the top and bottom being adapted and spliced ​​together through the self-locking fixing hole and the self-locking connecting part; the self-fixing ecological block extends forward with a bucket-shaped cabin.

[0005] Preferably, the self-locking connection part includes a self-locking protrusion and a self-locking recess, which are respectively disposed at the left and right ends of the fixing part. The self-locking protrusions and self-locking recesses of two adjacent self-fixing ecological blocks are adapted to each other, and the self-locking connection part formed by the two is adapted to the self-locking fixing hole of the upper self-fixing ecological block.

[0006] As a further preferred embodiment, the self-locking protrusion and the self-locking recess are both strip-shaped profiles with the same cross-sectional area, and are vertically arranged on the left and right sides of the fixing part; the upper end of the self-locking connecting part protrudes from the upper surface of the fixing part.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment, the fixing part is also provided with a soil inlay groove, including a half groove and a soil inlay cavity. The soil inlay cavity is located in the middle of the fixing part and is coaxially connected with the self-locking fixing hole. The half grooves are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the fixing part. The half grooves of two adjacent self-locking ecological blocks are spliced ​​together to form a complete soil inlay cavity.

[0008] Preferably, the bucket-shaped cabin has protective edges on both sides, an opening slot on the front, and is integrally connected to the fixing part on the rear.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment, the front end of the bucket-shaped cabin is...

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment, the edge of the opening slot of the bucket-shaped hull is provided with a fish nest entrance.

[0011] A vertical riverbank protection structure includes self-locking ecological blocks and a capping plate. The capping plate is located above the top layer of self-locking ecological blocks and has self-locking fixing holes that are adapted to the self-locking connection parts of the self-locking ecological blocks.

[0012] Preferably, the vertical riverbank protection structure also includes settlement joint fittings. The left or right side of the settlement joint fitting is a plane, which does not include a self-locking connection or a half-groove. The other side is provided with a self-locking recess or a self-locking protrusion that is adapted to the self-locking connection of the adjacent self-locking ecological block.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment, the fixing part of the settlement joint fitting is provided with a coaxially penetrating self-locking fixing hole and a soil embedding cavity.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention constructs an overall vertical slope protection structure using self-stabilizing ecological blocks arranged in a triangular pattern, achieving dual protection of modular assembly and structural self-stability; the blocks form a spatial interlocking system through the triangular arrangement, increasing stability and resisting multiple loads such as water erosion, bank slippage, and frost heave deformation. Each self-stabilizing ecological block is equipped with a bucket-shaped compartment, which can serve as a greening compartment or a fish nest. The opening slots of the bucket-shaped compartment can also coordinate with the fish nest entrance to guide aquatic organisms into the water, providing conditions for river biodiversity.

[0015] The self-curing ecological blocks of this invention are easy to produce, molded and formed, with a simple process that requires little or no reinforcement, and the cost is controllable; construction is fast, the components are lightweight, requiring only dry masonry work, without the need for large machinery and wet work, resulting in a shorter construction period and lower labor costs; maintenance is convenient, and the modular design allows for targeted replacement after local damage, minimizing maintenance costs and the scope of impact.

[0016] This invention increases habitat diversity. The "<" shaped surface and the green plant barn work together to simultaneously create hydrological diversity (variable water flow), biological habitat diversity (from underwater fish nests to the green plant barn on the water), and vegetation diversity (supporting herbaceous plants to small shrubs) on the vertical surface, resulting in significant ecological benefits. It has strong ecological functions, not only "greening" but also promoting plant establishment and the construction of aquatic ecosystems, with lasting ecological benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is one of the perspective views of the self-curing ecological building block of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a front view of the self-curing ecological block of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a top view of the self-curing ecological block of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a second perspective view of the self-fixing ecological block of the present invention (including the fish nest entrance).

[0022] Figure 6 This is one of the perspective views of the settlement joint fitting of the present invention (the settlement joint fitting on the right includes a bucket-shaped hull).

[0023] Figure 7 This is a second perspective view of the settlement joint fitting of the present invention (the settlement joint fitting on the left includes a bucket-shaped hull).

[0024] Figure 8 This is the third perspective view of the settlement joint fitting of the present invention (the settlement joint fitting on the right does not include the bucket-shaped hull).

[0025] Figure 9 This is the fourth perspective view of the settlement joint fitting of the present invention (the settlement joint fitting on the left does not include the bucket-shaped hull).

[0026] Figure 10 This is one of the perspective views of the capping plate of the present invention (installed on top of the self-curing ecological block).

[0027] Figure 11 This is a second perspective view of the top cover plate of the present invention (installed above the settlement joint fitting on the right side).

[0028] Label Explanation: 1: Self-locking ecological block; 2: Top cover plate; 3: Settlement joint accessories; 4: Opening groove; 5: Bucket-shaped hopper; 6: Self-locking protrusion; 7: Soil inlay cavity; 8: Fixing part; 9: Half groove; 10: Self-locking recess; 11: Self-locking fixing hole; 12: Protective edge; 13: Fish nest entrance; 14: Plane. Detailed Implementation

[0029] like Figure 1-11 As shown, a self-locking ecological block 1 is provided with a fixing part 8, which includes a self-locking fixing hole 11 and a self-locking connecting part. Several self-locking ecological blocks 1 can be arranged in a triangular shape in a vertical plane. The left and right adjacent self-locking ecological blocks 1 are adapted to be connected through the self-locking connecting part, and the upper and lower adjacent self-locking ecological blocks 1 are adapted to be spliced ​​and connected through the self-locking fixing hole 11 and the self-locking connecting part. The self-locking ecological block 1 extends forward with a bucket-shaped cabin 5.

[0030] like Figure 2-5 As shown, in this embodiment, the self-locking connection part includes a self-locking protrusion 6 and a self-locking recess 10, which are respectively disposed at the left and right ends of the fixing part 8. The self-locking protrusion 6 and the self-locking recess 10 of two adjacent self-fixing ecological blocks 1 are adapted to each other. The self-locking connection part formed by the two is adapted to the self-locking fixing hole 11 of the upper self-fixing ecological block 1. After they are fitted together, they pass through the self-locking fixing hole 11 to realize the axial limiting and shear locking of the upper and lower blocks.

[0031] In this embodiment, the self-locking protrusion 6 and the self-locking recess 10 are both strip profiles with the same cross-sectional area, vertically arranged on the left and right sides of the fixing part 8; the upper end of the self-locking connecting part protrudes from the upper surface of the fixing part 8. The self-locking protrusion 6 and the self-locking recess 10 are symmetrically arranged at the left and right ends of the fixing part 8 along the block height direction, and their longitudinal center lines are parallel to the vertical center axis of the self-locking ecological block 1. When adjacent blocks are assembled, the lower end face of the self-locking connecting part of the upper block and the upper end face of the self-locking connecting part of the lower block are in surface contact, and the contact surfaces of the two are parallel horizontal planes 14 to ensure uniform transmission of vertical load; the self-locking fixing hole 11 penetrates the fixing part 8 in the vertical direction, and its axis is coplanar with the longitudinal center lines of the self-locking protrusion 6 and the self-locking recess 10, forming a stable force transmission path for the three to be coaxially fitted.

[0032] In this embodiment, the fixing part 8 is also provided with a soil embedding groove, including a half groove 9 and a soil embedding cavity 7. The soil embedding cavity 7 is located in the middle of the fixing part 8 and is coaxially connected with the self-locking fixing hole 11. The half grooves 9 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the fixing part 8. The half grooves 9 of two adjacent self-locking ecological blocks 1 are spliced ​​together to form a complete soil embedding cavity 7. After splicing, it forms a continuous root growth channel without sharp angles, which is used to fill planting soil and anchor the root system. The axis of the spliced ​​soil embedding cavity 7 is perpendicular to the slope surface, and the center of its cross-section coincides with the axis of the self-locking fixing hole 11, ensuring that the density of the planting soil filling and the root anchoring force are evenly distributed along the structural height direction.

[0033] In this embodiment, the bucket-shaped cabin 5 is provided with protective edges 12 on the left and right sides, an opening slot 4 on the front side, and is integrally connected to the fixing part 8 on the rear side.

[0034] In this embodiment, the edge of the opening slot 4 of the bucket-shaped cabin 5 is provided with a fish nest entrance 13, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the bucket-shaped compartment 5 can serve as a plant storage area, a fish nest, and can also guide aquatic organisms into the fish nest through the opening slot 4 of the bucket-shaped compartment 5 in coordination with the fish nest entrance 13, thus providing conditions for river biodiversity.

[0035] In this embodiment, the front end of the bucket-shaped chamber 5 is shaped like a "<". This structure provides space for the growth of greenery and for fish to enter and exit the fish nest. On the other hand, it forms a continuous guide surface with the front opening slot 4 of the bucket-shaped chamber 5 to guide the water flow smoothly into the interior of the bucket-shaped chamber 5 and reduce the intensity of local scouring, thus forming a gradual low-disturbance guide path from the main channel area of ​​the river to the fish nest entrance 13.

[0036] A vertical riverbank protection structure includes self-locking ecological blocks 1 and a capping plate 2. The capping plate 2 is located above the top layer of the self-locking ecological blocks 1, and has self-locking fixing holes 11 that are adapted to the self-locking connection parts of the self-locking ecological blocks 1, so as to realize the self-locking interlocking connection between the capping plate 2 and the top layer of blocks, and to level the uneven upper end of the blocks. Figure 10 and 11 As shown, Figure 10 For installation on top of the self-locking eco-block 1 in the middle, Figure 11 The self-locking fixing hole 11 on the top cover plate 2, which is used for installation above the right settlement joint fitting 3 and above the left settlement joint fitting 3, is positioned in the same way as... Figure 11 The flip symmetry is in the middle.

[0037] In this embodiment, the vertical riverbank protection structure also includes a settlement joint fitting 3. The left or right side of the settlement joint fitting 3 is a plane 14. The plane 14 does not include a self-locking connection part or a half-groove 9. The other side is provided with a self-locking concave block 10 or a self-locking protrusion 6 that is adapted to the self-locking connection part of the adjacent self-locking ecological block 1, and also includes a half-groove 9.

[0038] In this embodiment, the fixing part 8 of the settlement joint fitting 3 is provided with a coaxially penetrating self-locking fixing hole 11 and a soil embedding cavity 7. For example... Figure 6 The right-side settlement joint accessory 3 includes the bucket-shaped hull 5. Figure 7 For the left side settlement joint accessory 3, which includes the bucket-shaped hull 5. Figure 8 For the right-side settlement joint accessory 3, excluding the bucket-shaped hull 5. Figure 9 The left-side settlement joint accessory 3 is excluding the bucket-shaped hull 5.

[0039] Figure 1 The invention demonstrates the triangular arrangement of the self-stabilizing ecological block 1 and the spatial layout of its various functional components. In actual use, the density and arrangement of the settlement joint fittings 3, the capping plate 2, and the bucket-shaped hull 5 can be set according to the river conditions to adapt to the settlement differences and ecological needs of different river sections. All of these are within the scope of the embodiments of the invention.

[0040] The following is an example of a paving scheme: Self-stabilizing ecological blocks 1 include a standard version (providing basic structure and ecological functions) and a fish nest reinforced version (setting fish nest entrances 13 at specific locations, optimizing them as shelters for fish and aquatic life). It also includes left-side and right-side settlement joint fittings to adapt to deformation and ensure facade flatness; and a capping plate for sealing and consolidation, enhancing the landscape finish. A standard paving method is adopted, with each paving unit approximately 16 meters long. Within each unit, there are clear vertical zoning based on ecological functions. The bottom reinforced zone (layers 1-2, determined according to the water depth corresponding to the normal water level) is paved with fish nest reinforced blocks, focusing on providing core ecological services (spawning, refuge) for waters below the normal water level. The main ecological zone (all layers above the bottom): standard self-stabilizing ecological blocks are paved, achieving the main ecological and landscape functions through "<" shaped surfaces and green plant compartments. Boundaries and finishing: Settlement joint fittings are installed at both ends of the unit, and a capping plate is added to the top. The total number of revetment layers can be flexibly adjusted according to the river depth (applicable to water depths of 0.5-2 meters), demonstrating a high degree of adaptability under standardized design.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "left and right", "up and down", "upper end", "middle", "front side", "rear side", "left side", "right side", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0042] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" and other such terms should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-curing ecological building block, characterized in that... The self-locking ecological block (1) is provided with a fixing part (8), the fixing part (8) includes a self-locking fixing hole (11) and a self-locking connecting part. Several self-locking ecological blocks (1) can be stacked in a triangular shape in a vertical plane. The self-locking ecological blocks (1) adjacent to each other on the left and right are connected by the self-locking connecting part, and the self-locking ecological blocks (1) adjacent to each other on the top and bottom are connected by the self-locking fixing hole (11) and the self-locking connecting part. The self-locking ecological block (1) extends forward with a bucket-shaped cabin (5).

2. The self-curing ecological block according to claim 1, characterized in that... The self-locking connection part includes a self-locking protrusion (6) and a self-locking recess (10), which are respectively located at the left and right ends of the fixing part (8). The self-locking protrusion (6) and the self-locking recess (10) of the two adjacent self-fixing ecological blocks (1) are adapted to each other, and the self-locking connection part formed by the two is adapted to the self-locking fixing hole (11) of the upper self-fixing ecological block (1).

3. The self-curing ecological block according to claim 2, characterized in that... The self-locking protrusion (6) and the self-locking recess (10) are both strip-shaped profiles with the same cross-sectional area, and are vertically arranged on the left and right sides of the fixing part (8); the upper end of the self-locking connecting part protrudes from the upper surface of the fixing part (8).

4. The self-curing ecological block according to claim 2, characterized in that... The fixing part (8) is also provided with a soil inlay groove, including a half groove (9) and a soil inlay cavity (7). The soil inlay cavity (7) is located in the middle of the fixing part (8) and is coaxially connected with the self-locking fixing hole (11). The half grooves (9) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the fixing part (8). The half grooves (9) of two adjacent self-fixing ecological blocks (1) are joined together to form a complete soil inlay cavity (7).

5. The self-curing ecological block according to claim 1, characterized in that... The bucket-shaped cabin (5) has protective edges (12) on both sides, an opening slot (4) on the front, and is integrally connected to the fixing part (8) on the rear.

6. A self-curing ecological block according to claim 5, characterized in that... The front end of the bucket-shaped cabin (5) is shaped like a "<".

7. A self-curing ecological block according to claim 5, characterized in that... The opening slot (4) of the bucket-shaped cabin (5) is provided with a fish nest entrance (13) at the edge.

8. A vertical riverbank protection structure, characterized in that... The self-locking ecological block (1) as described in any one of claims 1-7 is further comprising a top cover plate (2), which is disposed above the top self-locking ecological block (1) and has a self-locking fixing hole (11) adapted to the self-locking connection portion of the self-locking ecological block (1).

9. A vertical riverbank protection structure according to claim 8, characterized in that... The vertical riverbank protection structure also includes settlement joint fittings (3). The left or right side of the settlement joint fittings (3) is a plane (14). The plane (14) does not include a self-locking connection or a half-groove (9). The other side is provided with a self-locking concave block (10) or a self-locking protrusion (6) that is adapted to the self-locking connection of the adjacent self-locking ecological block (1).

10. A vertical riverbank protection structure according to claim 9, characterized in that... The fixing part (8) of the settlement joint fitting (3) is provided with a coaxial through self-locking fixing hole (11) and a soil embedding cavity (7).

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