Underground well integrated monitoring and protection anti-falling device

Abstract

The application discloses an integrated monitoring and protection anti-falling device for underground inspection wells, and relates to the technical field of underground pipe network monitoring.The device solves the problems of complex installation, damage to the well wall structure, and the need to replace the well cover when installing data acquisition and monitoring equipment in the inspection well.The technical scheme comprises a support, which is in a frame structure and is detachably installed on the inspection well seat through a fixed connecting piece between the inspection well cover and the inspection well seat or between the inspection well cover and the inspection well wall.A support anti-falling net is fixedly connected to the lower part of the support to form a slightly downwardly sinking or protruding load-bearing structure.The effect of the device is that the device is installed between the inspection well cover and the inspection well seat and the inspection well wall through the support, without any destructive operation on the well wall, greatly simplifying the installation process;and the monitoring equipment is integrated on the back of the well cover without the need to replace the well cover or use a special well cover, saving the construction cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground pipeline monitoring technology, specifically an integrated monitoring and protection device for underground manholes to prevent falls. Background Technology

[0002] In modern cities, underground pipe networks are a crucial component of urban infrastructure, often referred to as the city's "lifeline." The entrances and exits of these networks are underground manholes, connecting the pipes to the surface. However, these underground pipe facilities can malfunction due to years of neglect, equipment corrosion, and human sabotage, leading to safety accidents. For example, leaks in gas pipeline valves can endanger lives and property; and biogas produced by rainwater and sewage pipes, when accumulated to a certain level, can cause combustion and explosions.

[0003] Currently, our understanding of the conditions inside manholes is limited, primarily due to the earth's shielding effect on electromagnetic waves and the pressure resistance requirements of manhole covers. With the development of wireless communication technology, people have begun installing data acquisition and monitoring equipment inside manholes. Common installation methods include mounting the equipment on the manhole wall or integrating it with the manhole cover. However, these methods present several problems: mounting on the manhole wall requires drilling, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and can damage the manhole structure; integrating with the manhole cover requires replacing the existing cover, increasing construction costs, and in many cases, owners do not want to replace their existing, intact manhole covers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve this situation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated monitoring and protection device for underground manholes to prevent falls, thus solving the problems of complex installation, damage to the manhole wall structure, and the need to replace the manhole cover in the existing technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: Integrated monitoring and protection fall prevention device for underground manholes, including: The support frame has a frame-like structure, and depending on the shape of the manhole, it is mostly circular, but many are rectangular. The edges of the support frame are detachably fixed to the manhole using fasteners. There are various fixing methods: it can sit directly on the manhole base with a perfect fit, or a certain gap can be left, and the support frame can be fixed to the manhole base using fasteners. The frame-like structure of the support frame has a certain degree of elasticity, and the diameter can be slightly adjusted by adjusting the size of the opening. Before installation, the diameter of the support frame is slightly smaller than the diameter of the manhole base; after installation, the opening distance is increased to ensure the support frame fits tightly against the manhole base. Figure 5The installation process is as follows: First, open the manhole cover and clean the manhole base and cover. Place this device on the manhole base. At this time, the diameter of the device is smaller than the manhole base, making it easy to insert. Then, expand and secure it. Finally, put the manhole cover on top of the device. There is also an integrated installation method, where it is placed directly on the manhole base and secured with screws or hooks. Figure 13 , Figure 14 ).

[0006] The safety net is fixedly connected to the lower part of the support frame, forming a downward-protruding load-bearing structure; A manhole consists of a manhole base, manhole wall, and manhole cover. The support can be either separate or integrated. When the connector is a hook, part of the support is installed on the manhole base and part on the manhole wall. The hook fits snugly against the manhole wall. When the manhole cover is closed, it presses the hook firmly against the cover. When using the hook, the cover will not touch the safety net, thus fixing the support inside the manhole. In this case, installing components like hooks on the manhole wall does not add extra work to the safety net's function, and the entire device does not require drilling holes in the manhole wall. It is installed between the manhole cover, manhole base, and manhole wall via the support, without any destructive installation to the manhole wall. Another fixing method is a clip-on type, where the lower end of the safety net is clipped onto the manhole base after installation. See [link to details]. Figure 2 As shown.

[0007] The bracket of this invention is installed between the manhole cover, manhole seat, and manhole wall. It can be either movable (integrated structure, no adjustment device) or fixed (locked, with adjustment device) installation. When personnel need to enter the manhole, the device (along with the bracket) can be removed. Because the manhole cover sinks slightly when lifted, the bracket needs to extend downwards a certain distance. For hinged manhole covers, this factor is not necessary, and a large sinking distance is not required. The advantage is that the sinking bracket sits directly on the manhole seat, making installation, disassembly, and maintenance convenient. For hinged manhole covers, due to the hinge, the manhole cover does not sink when opened, therefore the support net does not need to sink. In this case, the support net can be installed directly below the manhole cover.

[0008] If the fall protection net is an integrated type, it is equipped with an adjustment device. One or more reinforcement devices can be installed on the wall to increase the friction with the well base.

[0009] Fall protection nets can be rigid or flexible, and can be made of ropes, chains, or filaments, forming a mesh structure. Their function is to connect the equipment to the support frame. They also prevent personnel from falling into the bottom of the manhole, integrating data acquisition and monitoring equipment with the fall protection net.

[0010] The bracket has an open frame structure, and an adjustment component or a fixing component is installed at the open end. The adjustment component is used to adjust the diameter and length of the bracket to accommodate the non-standard error of the manhole seat.

[0011] The adjustment assembly includes a threaded screw and a screw mounted on the threaded screw. The screw has the same thread direction, while the thread direction of the threaded screw is opposite to that of the screw. Rotating the threaded screw synchronously drives the open ends of the bracket to move towards or away from each other.

[0012] The fixing components are used to securely connect the bracket to the manhole base. Various opening types are available, their main purpose being to allow for minor adjustments to the bracket's diameter while maintaining the overall structural stability. Figure 5 This is a typical opening adjustment and fixing structure. Figure 15 This is one method of reinforcing the shaft. A groove is provided at the opening of the bracket, and the reinforcing shaft is installed in the groove. The reinforcing shaft can slide within the groove but will not come out. The two ends of the bracket opening can move towards each other, but cannot move tangentially. The reinforcing shaft fixes the bracket inside the manhole. The opening of the bracket can also be made into a three-dimensional interlocking structure, with a portion of one opening extending into the other opening to maintain stability.

[0013] The support frame structure is a closed-type, i.e., one-piece molded. In this case, the dimensions of the frame structure are slightly smaller than the dimensions of the manhole cover. The support is then tightened after insertion. Figure 13 , Figure 14 The support is fixed to the manhole arm using a reinforcing shaft.

[0014] The equipment body is fixed to the lower part of the supporting anti-fall net. The equipment body is used to collect information inside and outside the manhole and transmit the information to the back-end server. The device consists of four modules: a communication module, a control module, a power supply module, and a sensor array. The communication module has remote communication capabilities and exchanges data with the backend server through the wireless network service of the telecommunications operator. The power supply module provides the necessary power to the device. The sensor array consists of various sensors built into the device, including temperature and humidity sensors, attitude sensors, and special gas (methane, biogas, hydrogen sulfide) sensors. The data collected by the sensors is transmitted to the backend server through the communication module. The control module is the brain of the device, directing the other modules to operate organically.

[0015] The transmitting antenna is mounted on the bracket, in the gap between the manhole cover and the manhole seat. The transmitting antenna is connected to the equipment body via a connecting cable. There are various types of cables, but coaxial cables are used in most cases.

[0016] The transmitting antenna is mounted on the upper part of the bracket, in the gap between the manhole cover and the manhole seat, to reduce electromagnetic shielding and ensure optimal communication performance. A support and protection structure is provided on the upper part of the bracket. This structure serves two purposes: it keeps the transmitting antenna in its designated position and it protects it from external damage. Its primary function is support. Transmitting antennas come in various shapes and sizes; they can be rigid or flexible. This invention's device tends to use a flexible transmitting antenna.

[0017] Figure 12 In this configuration, the antenna support and protection structure can be either an open or recessed structure. The open or recessed structure is located on the upper part of the bracket and contains a pressure-resistant protection plate to protect the transmitting antenna. In cases with an adjustable mechanism, the open or recessed structure serves as a pathway for the transmitting antenna cable and is integrated with the antenna support and protection structure. In cases with an integrated design and no adjustable mechanism, the transmitting antenna is directly connected to the equipment body via a cable tray.

[0018] Figure 12 The slot in the design serves as a passageway for the transmitting antenna cable (and data cables for other sensors), acting as a protective slot. The transmitting antenna cable connects to the device body through this slot and is thus protected. Typically, the transmitting antenna connection cable is a coaxial cable (but not limited to coaxial cables). Coaxial cables and data cables are relatively thin and fragile, easily damaged by external forces, especially during installation. Therefore, the transmitting antenna requires a certain protection mechanism. The coaxial cable and data cable are pre-enclosed and installed within the protective slot. Even the device body can be pre-connected to the transmitting antenna, eliminating the need for connection during installation. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 11 and Figure 12 The equipment body and transmitting antenna can be connected and placed directly into the manhole, which greatly reduces the difficulty of construction and ensures the quality of construction. Alternatively, the transmitting antenna and equipment body can be installed first, and the bracket can be installed before connecting the transmitting antenna connector to the equipment body, which is also very convenient.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: Ease of Installation: No damage to the manhole wall structure is required. Traditional data acquisition equipment typically requires drilling holes in the manhole wall for fixing, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive but also damages the manhole structure and increases maintenance costs. This invention's device is installed between the manhole cover, manhole base, and manhole wall using a bracket, eliminating the need for any destructive operations on the manhole wall and greatly simplifying the installation process. Furthermore, it eliminates the need to replace the manhole cover. Integrating the monitoring equipment onto the back of the manhole cover requires replacing a proprietary cover, saving construction costs. This invention's device is directly installed between the existing manhole cover and manhole base, eliminating the need to replace the cover, reducing equipment deployment costs, and avoiding other problems that may arise from replacing the cover. The installation process is very simple: just open the manhole cover, insert the device, and then close the cover. This "plug-and-play" design significantly shortens installation time and improves work efficiency, making it particularly suitable for large-scale deployment scenarios. Safety is greatly enhanced: the device of this invention comes with a built-in support net to prevent people from accidentally falling into the bottom of the manhole, ensuring the safety of maintenance personnel and pedestrians. This function not only improves the practicality of the device but also provides important protection for urban public safety. Furthermore, the transmitting antenna is installed in the gap between the manhole base and the manhole cover, and is installed in a sinking manner through the opening structure on the bracket, avoiding the risk of damage to the transmitting antenna during installation and use. At the same time, the pressure-resistant protective plate on one side of the transmitting antenna further enhances the antenna's protective performance, ensuring the stable operation of the device. Applicability and Flexibility: The frame structure of the support is designed with an open design and is equipped with an adjustment component, allowing it to be adjusted according to the actual size of the manhole cover and manhole base. This design enables the device to adapt to manhole covers and manhole bases produced by different manufacturers and at different times, solving installation problems caused by dimensional errors and improving the device's versatility and applicability. The support net can be configured in different structural forms according to actual needs, such as a soft mesh structure, a rigid mesh structure, or formed by drilling holes in a metal (or plastic) plate. This diverse range of options provides flexible solutions for different types of manholes, further enhancing the device's practicality. Optimized communication performance: The device incorporates multiple sensors that can collect real-time data on temperature, humidity, and concentrations of specific gases within the manhole, transmitting the data to a backend server via a remote communication module. This real-time monitoring capability enables the timely detection of potential safety hazards, providing a scientific basis for the maintenance and management of urban infrastructure. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the support frame installation for a sunken fall arresting net; Figure 2 Schematic diagram for fixing and installing the clip-on bracket; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the support frame installation for an unsunken fall arrest net; Figure 4 This is a top view of the equipment. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of screw adjustment; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna installation. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the antenna shield. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of signal transmission within the device. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of cloud computing communication. Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing the support frame fixed inside the manhole; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the device body and the communication antenna; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the antenna cable trough; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the bracket installation; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the hook; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the reinforced shaft; Figure 16 A schematic diagram showing the installation location of the antenna. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The present invention mainly includes: an integrated monitoring and protection device for underground manholes, comprising: The bracket has a frame-shaped structure, and its edges can be detachably installed on the manhole base, or between the manhole cover and the manhole base, or between the manhole cover and the manhole wall via fixing connectors. The safety net is fixedly connected to the lower part of the support frame, forming a downward-protruding load-bearing structure; The equipment body is fixed to the lower part of the supporting anti-fall net. The equipment body is used to collect information inside and outside the manhole and transmit the information to the back-end server. The transmitting antenna is mounted above the bracket, in the gap between the manhole cover and the manhole seat. The transmitting antenna is connected to the equipment body via a connecting cable.

[0023] The fall protection net can be flexible, and can be a mesh structure made of ropes, chains, or filaments. Its function is to connect the equipment to the support frame. It also prevents personnel from falling to the bottom of the manhole, thus integrating data acquisition and monitoring equipment with the fall protection net.

[0024] The bracket of this invention is installed between the manhole cover, manhole seat, and manhole wall. It can be installed movably or fixedly. When personnel need to enter the manhole, the device and bracket can be removed together. Because the manhole cover sinks slightly when lifted, the bracket needs to extend downwards a certain distance to prevent damage to the safety net and equipment body when the manhole cover is lifted or closed. For hinged manhole covers, this factor is not necessary, and a large sinking distance is not required. The advantage is that the sinking bracket sits directly on the manhole seat, making installation, disassembly, and maintenance convenient. For hinged manhole covers, due to the hinge, there is no sinking when the manhole cover is opened, so the safety net does not need to sink. In this case, the safety net can be installed directly below the manhole cover.

[0025] Figure 1 As shown, the framed design in the figure is the support for this device, i.e., the surface pressed down by the bottom of the manhole cover. The lower part of the support is the plane of the manhole seat. The viewpoint is from top to bottom. The edges of the support can be made with folded edges or without folded edges. The purpose of folded edges is to enhance the structural strength of this device, but it is not necessary. Figure 2 There is no folding on the edge.

[0026] The support structure can be configured as a combination of flexible and rigid supports, and the fall protection net can also be fixed to the rigid supports via flexible supports. Flexible supports are not mandatory; the fall protection net can be directly connected to the rigid supports. In product manufacturing, the mesh is typically made of nylon material, with internal reinforcing ribs to provide strength while maintaining relative flexibility and impact resistance.

[0027] Support nets for preventing falls can also be made by punching holes in metal or plastic sheets. This structure is more suitable for manhole covers with hinges. In practical applications, support nets can take many forms. They can be flexible mesh structures, rigid mesh structures, or they can be made by punching holes in metal or plastic sheets. The shape of the support net does not have to be flat; in most cases, it is made into a pot-bottom shape, such as... Figure 12 As shown. For hingeless manhole covers, a portion of the cover will sink into the well when opened. However, for hinged manhole covers, the entire cover moves upwards when opened. Therefore, the supporting safety net does not necessarily have to be pot-shaped; it can also be plate-shaped or frying pan-shaped.

[0028] In practice, the support netting will leave space for the installation of the equipment body, usually in the form of a mounting base or mounting box. The equipment body is then placed directly into the netting and secured.

[0029] The bracket has an open frame structure, and an adjustment or fixing component is installed at the open end. The adjustment component is used to adjust the diameter and length of the bracket to accommodate the non-standard error of the manhole base. The adjustment or fixing component is used to firmly connect the bracket to the manhole base.

[0030] The adjustment assembly includes a threaded screw and a screw mounted on the threaded screw. The screw has the same thread direction, while the thread direction of the threaded screw is opposite to that of the screw. Rotating the threaded screw synchronously drives the open ends of the bracket to move towards or away from each other.

[0031] Considering the dimensional errors in the manufacturing process of manhole covers and manhole seats, the diameters of manhole covers and manhole seats produced by different manufacturers at different times will vary. In many cases, this deviation is sufficient to cause a mismatch between the support of the device of this invention and the manhole seat and manhole cover. Therefore, an adjustment component is designed to adapt to manhole seats of all sizes. There are many ways to implement the adjustment component; using threads is just one common method. In this device, the threaded screw has a turning wrench, allowing people to rotate the threaded screw. When the screw moves outward, the diameter of the support increases, bringing it closer to the wall of the manhole seat. This function can be achieved in several ways: for example, the threads of the two screws are opposite in direction, while the threads of the threaded rod are the same; or the threads of the screws are the same direction, while the threads at both ends of the threaded rod are opposite. It can also be made into a mechanism similar to a suitcase buckle, with a handle-like mechanism that can be rotated 180 degrees and locked. 0 degrees is the smallest diameter, the open state, and 180 degrees is the largest diameter. The handle has only two stable states: 0 degrees and 180 degrees. The adjustment mechanism is typically installed in the lower middle part of the bracket. This ensures that the manhole cover is not obstructed during installation.

[0032] As an Internet of Things (IoT) device, remote wireless communication is an essential element of this invention. This remote wireless communication requires a transmitting antenna. Due to the shielding effect of the ground and manhole covers on electromagnetic waves, electronic devices installed inside manholes have difficulty communicating with external communication base stations. Therefore, the transmitting antenna needs to be installed as close to the ground as possible, in a location with minimal electromagnetic shielding. Consequently, the bracket needs to be as close as possible to the wall of the manhole base. This makes installing the manhole cover easier and provides sufficient space for the transmitting antenna. In this invention, the transmitting antenna is installed on the upper part of the bracket, in the gap between the manhole base and the manhole cover. The transmitting antenna is connected to the device body via a connecting cable. For ease of connection, a connector is provided in the middle of the connecting cable. The manhole cover typically has a certain height difference within the manhole base, meaning the installed manhole cover will be slightly lower than the outer ring of the manhole base. The thickness of the bracket is less than the reserved height difference, so it will not protrude after the manhole cover is installed.

[0033] The transmitting antenna of the device of this invention is mounted on the upper part of the bracket. Considering the fragility of the transmitting antenna, a support and protective structure is made on the upper part of the bracket to protect it from damage. This support and protective structure can be an embedded structure, a groove, or an opening, with a shallow opening located on the side. The transmitting antenna is recessed and installed within this support and protective structure. This support and protective structure is not essential for communication, but it serves to protect the transmitting antenna. Furthermore, the aforementioned support and protective structure can be combined with the bracket's adjustment components to provide sufficient space for the transmitting antenna's connection cable. To protect the transmitting antenna from damage during installation, if the support and protective structure is an embedded structure, it is located on the upper part of the bracket and contains a pressure-resistant protective plate to protect the transmitting antenna. This protective plate can also be directly installed (fixed) to the antenna. There are many embedding methods; it can be inserted from above (open type) or pasted on the side. The latter is more practical. If the latter is used, the support and protective structure has a shallow rectangular groove (it can be other shapes, such as a rectangle with chamfered corners or an ellipse, etc.). The antenna is attached within the rectangular slot. The top of the slot is closed, not open. The so-called pressure-resistant protective plate is an integral part of the supporting protective structure. The protective plate can also be installed on the transmitting antenna. This protective plate can be removed after installation or left on the bracket, depending on the installation location and protection method of the transmitting antenna. It ensures optimal communication performance while providing excellent protection for the transmitting antenna. The protective plate not only protects against pressure but also prevents external impacts. Additionally, the protective plate also serves a waterproof function. The bracket is installed between the manhole cover and the manhole base, and will inevitably be exposed to surface water.

[0034] The device of this invention consists of four main modules: a communication module, a control module, a power supply module, and a sensor array. The communication module has remote communication capabilities, exchanging data with the backend server via the wireless network service of a telecommunications operator. Simultaneously, the communication module also has short-range communication capabilities, exchanging data with surrounding devices and sensors via short-range communication protocols such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. The power supply module provides the necessary power to the device and typically consists of a battery and power control components. The sensor array comprises various sensors built into the device, including temperature and humidity sensors, attitude sensors, water immersion sensors, gas detectors, and sensors for special gases such as methane, biogas, and hydrogen sulfide. The data collected by these sensors is transmitted to the backend server via the communication module. The control module acts as the brain of the device, directing the operation of the other modules.

[0035] The device can also wirelessly connect to nearby sensors via short-range communication, collect the data they collect, and send it back to the backend server. Examples of such sensors include smart manhole cover devices with manhole cover status sensors installed on the back of the manhole cover, pressure sensors in the pipes inside the manhole, and water flow speed below the manhole.

[0036] The bottom of the device, with its perforated section, serves as the space for placing the equipment (the shape of the placement area is unrestricted and can take many forms. Rectangular is common, but polygonal and circular shapes are also possible). The equipment can be placed directly on this space or secured with fasteners. Furthermore, the placement area can be open or polygonal / circular, rather than rectangular. (In many cases, the equipment will be slightly lower than the bottom of the fall arrestor net; that is, the perforated surface in the diagram will be slightly sunken).

[0037] The deployment of the device of the present invention is as follows Figure 1-3 As shown, the bracket is installed between the manhole cover and the manhole base. The fixed bracket extends downwards a certain distance to prevent the manhole cover from sinking when opened, which could damage the supporting safety net and the equipment body. For hinged manhole covers, there is no need for the cover to sink too much; it is connected to the supporting safety net, and the equipment body is fixed in the middle of the supporting safety net. The equipment body exchanges data with the backend cloud computing server through a transmitting antenna and communication base station installed on the fixed bracket. Figure 8 The purpose is to collect other data, such as the status data of manhole covers, through short-range wireless communication such as Bluetooth.

[0038] The transmitting antenna is installed between the manhole cover and the manhole seat. It is mounted on a folded edge on the side of a portion of the rigid support. The antenna has a slight bend to fit the gap. While the transmitting antenna can take various shapes, in practical applications, a thin structure is used to fit within the gap between the manhole cover and the seat. The manhole cover also has a gap in the seat ring to facilitate opening and closing. This gap is large enough to accommodate the transmitting antenna; the thin antenna, after being wrapped in protective material and fitted with a protective plate, can be inserted into this gap; essentially, a thin structural object is inserted into the gap between the manhole cover and the seat. The transmitting antenna's connecting wire is connected to the equipment body via a flexible bracket, a rigid support, and a fall protection net. (See...) Figure 12 The antenna cable tray is sealed with adhesive for protection, similar to a transmitting antenna. The sensors inside the equipment are located in the gap between the manhole cover and the manhole base after installation. Theoretically, we could install a vertical plate around the outer edge of the supporting safety net, referred to as the transmitting antenna sensor plate, with one section of it serving as the installation location for the transmitting antenna and sensor. This would make the supporting safety net more secure. However, for cost and ease of installation considerations, we only leave a small portion of it.

[0039] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0040] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An integrated monitoring and protection device for underground manholes, characterized in that, include: The bracket has a frame-shaped structure, and its edges can be detachably installed on the manhole base, or between the manhole cover and the manhole base, or between the manhole cover and the manhole wall via fixing connectors. The safety net is fixedly connected to the lower part of the support frame, forming a downward-protruding load-bearing structure; The equipment body is fixed to the lower part of the supporting anti-fall net. The equipment body is used to collect information inside and outside the manhole and transmit the information to the back-end server. The transmitting antenna is mounted above the bracket, in the gap between the manhole cover and the manhole seat. The transmitting antenna is connected to the equipment body via a connecting cable.

2. The integrated monitoring and protection device for underground manholes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bracket has an open frame structure, and an adjustment or fixing component is installed at the open end. The adjustment component is used to adjust the diameter and length of the bracket to accommodate the error caused by the non-standard manhole base. The adjustment or fixing component is used to firmly connect the bracket to the manhole base.

3. The integrated monitoring and protection device for underground manholes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support is a sunken design, extending downwards a certain distance to prevent the support net and equipment from colliding with and being damaged when the manhole cover is lifted or closed.

4. The integrated monitoring and protection device for underground manholes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes a threaded screw and a screw mounted on the threaded screw. The screw has the same thread direction, while the thread direction of the threaded screw is opposite to that of the screw. Rotating the threaded screw synchronously drives the open ends of the bracket to move towards or away from each other.

5. The integrated monitoring and protection device for underground manholes according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper part of the bracket is equipped with a support and protection structure. The support and protection structure not only keeps the transmitting antenna in the set position, but also protects the antenna from damage by external forces.

6. The integrated monitoring and protection device for underground manholes according to claim 5, characterized in that, The support and protection structure is an embedded structure, which is set on the upper part of the bracket, and a pressure-resistant protection plate is installed inside the embedded structure to protect the transmitting antenna.

7. The integrated monitoring and protection device for underground manholes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device consists of four modules: a communication module, a control module, a power supply module, and a sensor array. The communication module has remote communication capabilities and exchanges data with the backend server through the wireless network service of the telecommunications operator. The power supply module provides the necessary power to the device. The sensor array consists of various sensors built into the device, including temperature and humidity sensors, attitude sensors, and special gas (methane, biogas, hydrogen sulfide) sensors. The data collected by the sensors is transmitted to the backend server through the communication module. The control module is the brain of the device, directing the other modules to operate organically.

8. The integrated monitoring and protection device for underground manholes according to claim 7, characterized in that, A manhole consists of a manhole base, a manhole wall, and a manhole cover. The connecting component is a hook. Part of the bracket is installed on the manhole base, and part of it is installed on the manhole wall. The hook fits against the manhole wall. When the manhole cover is closed, the manhole cover presses the hook firmly, thereby fixing the bracket inside the manhole.

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