Cementing apparatus and method of displacing cuttings

Abstract

The invention provides a cementing device, comprising a cementing mechanism, the cementing mechanism comprising a wellbore, a casing concentrically arranged in the wellbore and used for injecting a flowing medium, and a turbulence mechanism, the turbulence mechanism comprising a short cylinder sleeved outside the casing and a turbulence disturbing assembly arranged outside the short cylinder, wherein an annular flow channel is formed between the wellbore and the casing, the flowing medium can be in contact with cuttings and form a mixed solution under the vortex disturbance of the turbulence disturbing assembly, and then the mixed solution is discharged upward through the annular flow channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas exploration and development, and more specifically to a cementing device and a method for displacing cuttings. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of oil and gas exploration and development, in order to meet the needs of efficient development, more and more highly deviated directional wells and three-dimensional horizontal wells are deployed. In the later stage, large-scale volumetric fracturing is required, so the requirements for cementing quality are very high. The displacement efficiency during cementing construction is crucial to the quality of cementing. Therefore, it is of great significance to adopt a cementing device that can significantly improve displacement efficiency, effectively improve cementing quality, and provide good wellbore conditions for large-scale volumetric fracturing and prevention of casing deformation in the later stage.

[0003] Currently, integral elastic centralizers or ball bearing centralizers are commonly used in cementing operations of highly deviated directional and horizontal wells. Although these types of centralizers have a good effect on centering and centralizing the casing of the oil layer, they do not have the function of improving displacement efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, it is desirable in the art to provide a cementing device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cementing device that not only effectively centers and straightens the casing through a centralizing section, but also improves the efficiency of displacing bottom-hole impurities (rock cuttings and drilling fluid that is not easily circulated) through the cooperation of the centralizing section and the disturbance section. Furthermore, a method for displacing rock cuttings is also provided.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a cementing apparatus is provided, comprising a cementing mechanism, the cementing mechanism including a wellbore, and a casing concentrically arranged within the wellbore for injecting a flowing medium, and

[0007] The disturbance mechanism includes a short cylinder sleeved outside the sleeve, and a turbulence disturbance component disposed outside the short cylinder.

[0008] An annular flow channel is formed between the wellbore and the casing.

[0009] The flowing medium can contact the rock cuttings and form a mixed solution under the eddy current disturbance of the turbulence disturbance component, thereby being discharged upward through the annular flow channel.

[0010] In one embodiment, the turbulence disturbance component includes a plurality of centralizing and disturbance portions arranged alternately along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the short cylinder, wherein the centralizing portions partially abut against the wellbore.

[0011] In one embodiment, the disturbance part is constructed as at least one of a V-groove and a linear groove.

[0012] In one embodiment, the straightening portion is configured in a V-shape, and both ends of the straightening portion are flush with both ends of the short cylinder.

[0013] Both the straightening section and the disturbance section are configured to generate vortex disturbances by changing the flow channel, thereby causing the flowing medium and the rock fragments to form a mixed solution.

[0014] In one embodiment, when the disturbance part is constructed as a V-shaped structure, the included angle of the disturbance part is not less than the included angle of the straightening part, and the included angle of the straightening part is 25° to 40°.

[0015] In one embodiment, a plurality of the disturbance mechanisms are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the short cylinder.

[0016] In one embodiment, the disturbance mechanism is integrally machined from aluminum alloy.

[0017] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for displacing cuttings using a cementing device as described above is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Fix the disturbance mechanism outside the casing and lower it into the wellbore;

[0019] Step 2: Pump the flowing medium into the casing to displace the rock cuttings.

[0020] In one embodiment, step two includes the flowing medium passing through the short cylinder under pump pressure, contacting the rock cuttings, and rising upwards, forming a mixed solution under the vortex disturbance of the straightening part and the disturbance part, thereby being discharged through the annular flow channel.

[0021] In one embodiment, the flowing medium includes any one of drilling fluid, pre-flush fluid, and cementing slurry.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] Firstly, the disturbance mechanism in this invention can not only effectively straighten and center the casing through the straightening part, but also improve the efficiency of displacing bottom hole impurities (rock cuttings and drilling fluid that is not easy to circulate) through the cooperation of the straightening part and the disturbance part.

[0024] Secondly, the straightening part and the disturbance part in this invention can cause the fluid to form vortex disturbance by changing the flow channel, and the fluid will also form a vortex disturbance area within the range of the disturbance part. As a result, when the fluid passes through the turbulence disturbance component, it is easier for the velocity to change frequently and the shaking state to be significantly aggravated, thereby making it easier to form a mixed solution to achieve the purpose of thoroughly removing rock debris.

[0025] In addition, when eddy current disturbance is formed in the turbulence disturbance component, the flowing medium can more easily agitate the drilling fluid and cuttings that are not easy to circulate in the lower edge or gaps, so as to thoroughly displace the bottom hole impurities and circulate them out of the wellhead, thereby improving the displacement efficiency, which helps to promote the formation of a high-quality cementing surface between the cement slurry and the formation, and thus improves the overall quality of cementing. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0027] Figure 1 The schematic diagram illustrates the structure of the cementing device according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the flow process of the fluid medium within the cementing device.

[0029] In the accompanying drawings, the same parts use the same reference numerals. The drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0030] The meanings of the reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0031] 10 sleeves

[0032] 21 Short tube, 22 Straightening section, 23 Disturbing section, 231 Upper part, 232 Middle part, 233 Lower part. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not an exhaustive list of all embodiments. Furthermore, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0035] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "linking", "fixing", etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components.

[0036] Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 The schematic diagram illustrates the structure of the cementing device according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the flow of the fluid medium within the cementing device (the arrows indicate the direction of the fluid medium's movement).

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a cementing apparatus is provided, comprising a cementing mechanism. The cementing mechanism includes a wellbore 30 and a casing 10 concentrically arranged within the wellbore 30. Preferably, a flowing medium can be injected into the wellbore 30 through the casing 10 to facilitate subsequent cuttings displacement.

[0041] According to the present invention, the cementing device further includes a disturbance mechanism. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the disturbance mechanism includes a short cylinder 21 sleeved outside the casing 10, and a turbulence disturbance component disposed outside the short cylinder 21. Preferably, an annular flow channel is formed between the wellbore 30 and the casing 10, and the flowing medium can pass through the casing 10 and enter the bottom of the well, thereby contacting the rock cuttings at the bottom of the well, and under the action of pump pressure, carrying the rock cuttings upward into the turbulence disturbance component, the details of which are described below.

[0042] According to one embodiment of the present invention, within the range of the turbulence disturbance component, the flowing medium and rock cuttings can form vortex disturbance (i.e., during the upward motion, they are hindered by the circumferential motion of other fluids), thereby enabling the flowing medium and rock cuttings entering the turbulence disturbance component to more easily achieve full mixing to form a mixed solution, and the mixed solution can be discharged upward through the annular flow channel under the action of pump pressure. Therefore, in this way, it is easier to carry the rock cuttings out of the wellbore 30, so as to achieve the purpose of using the flowing medium to replace the rock cuttings.

[0043] In addition, when eddy current disturbance is formed in the turbulence disturbance component, the flowing medium can more easily agitate the drilling fluid and cuttings that are not easy to circulate in the lower edge or gaps, so as to thoroughly displace the bottom hole impurities and circulate them out of the wellhead, thereby improving the displacement efficiency, which helps to promote the formation of a high-quality cementing surface between the cement slurry and the formation, and thus improves the overall quality of cementing.

[0044] In this invention, the short cylinder 21 is a high-strength aluminum alloy blank, which is processed into a finished product by lathe, milling machine and planer.

[0045] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the turbulence disturbance component includes multiple straightening parts 22 and disturbance parts 23 arranged alternately along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the short cylinder 21. Preferably, when the disturbance mechanism is fixed outside the casing 10 and lowered into the wellbore 30, the straightening parts 22 can partially abut against the wellbore 30, thereby effectively straightening the casing 10.

[0046] Preferably, the side structure of the centralizing part 22 is V-shaped. Therefore, during cementing operations, when the fluid (i.e., the flowing medium and rock cuttings, the same below) encounters the centralizing part 22, it will move rapidly to both sides, which makes it easier to make circumferential movement through the annular flow channel, so as to help form vortex disturbance within the range of the turbulence disturbance component.

[0047] In this invention, a portion of the fluid (i.e., the first fluid portion) encounters the disturbance part 23, and its velocity changes under the action of the disturbance part 23. Another portion of the fluid (i.e., the second fluid portion) encounters the centralizing part 22, and moves rapidly to both sides under the action of the centralizing part 22. Therefore, the second fluid portion causes the first fluid portion to move circumferentially, thus creating a disturbance. Consequently, within the range of the turbulence disturbance component, turbulence disturbance is easily generated in the flowing medium and rock cuttings, which helps to carry the rock cuttings out of the wellbore 30 through the flowing medium, thereby achieving the purpose of replacing the rock cuttings with the flowing medium.

[0048] In this invention, there are five straightening parts 22 and five disturbance parts 23. However, depending on the actual needs of use, the number of straightening parts 22 and five disturbance parts 23 can be set to more or less.

[0049] In one embodiment, the disturbance part 23 is configured as at least one of a V-shaped groove and a linear groove. Preferably, the linear groove includes vertically arranged straight grooves and inclined linear grooves.

[0050] It is easy to understand that the disturbance part 23 can be selectively arranged as needed. For example, all disturbance parts 23 can be set to one structure, namely V-shaped groove, straight groove or oblique groove, or two structures can coexist, namely V-shaped groove and straight groove, V-shaped groove and oblique groove or straight groove and oblique groove; or three structures can coexist, namely V-shaped groove, straight groove or oblique groove.

[0051] Experimental simulation data show that the V-groove has a stronger tangential acceleration capability, and the influence range of the spiral is 3m, 2m, and 1.5m, respectively.

[0052] When the disturbance section 23 is constructed as a V-shaped groove, the fluid velocity begins to rise rapidly as the gap narrows upon entering the disturbance section 23. After entering the disturbance section 23, the fluid encounters the obstruction of the two straightening sections 22, and some of the fluid begins to consume kinetic energy, thus the fluid velocity begins to decrease. After passing through the disturbance section 23, the fluid velocity begins to rise as it re-enters the uniform gap.

[0053] Therefore, when the flowing medium and rock cuttings move within the straightening section 22 and the disturbance section 23, their speeds change frequently and the shaking intensifies. Under the combined action of the disturbance section 23 and the pump pressure, the flowing medium and rock cuttings form a vortex disturbance area within the disturbance section 23, thereby ensuring that the flowing medium and rock cuttings can more easily form a mixed solution to achieve the purpose of thoroughly removing the rock cuttings.

[0054] In other embodiments, the disturbance part 23 may also be configured in other ways depending on actual needs.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, the straightening portion 22 is configured with a V-shape, and both ends of the straightening portion 22 are flush with both ends of the short cylinder 21. Therefore, the straightening portion 22 can not only straighten and center the casing 10, but also cause the flowing fluid to change its flow direction, thereby accelerating the time for the flowing medium and rock debris to form a vortex disturbance zone within the range of the moving portion 23, thus ensuring that the flowing medium and rock debris can more easily form a mixed solution to achieve the purpose of thoroughly removing rock debris.

[0056] In this invention, both the straightening part 22 and the disturbance part 23 cause the fluid passing through to form vortex disturbance by changing the flow channel. As a result, the flowing medium and rock debris can more easily experience frequent speed changes and increased shaking when passing through the turbulence disturbance component, thereby making it easier to form a mixed solution.

[0057] According to one embodiment of the present invention, when the disturbance part 23 is constructed as a V-groove structure, the included angle of the disturbance part 23 is not less than the included angle of the straightening part 22, and the included angle of the straightening part 22 is typically 25° to 40°. Through experimental analysis, it is found that when the included angle of the straightening part 22 is 32°, the maximum turbulent flow dynamics can be generated, and the optimal state of clear rock debris can be achieved.

[0058] Preferably, when the disturbance part 23 is constructed as a V-groove structure, the maximum turbulent flow force that the straightening part 22 can generate is 1.5 times that when the disturbance part 23 is constructed as a linear groove, the maximum turbulent flow force that the straightening part 22 can generate is 1.5 times that when the disturbance part 23 is constructed as a linear groove.

[0059] Within the range of the turbulence disturbance component, the fluid passing through the straightening section 22 can more easily flow to both sides to effectively disturb the fluid passing through the disturbance section 23, thereby making it easier to change the speed of movement to intensify the shaking. Therefore, with the cooperation of the straightening section 22 and the disturbance section 23, it is easier to form vortex disturbance on the passing fluid, thereby ensuring that the flowing medium and rock debris can more easily form a mixed solution and be discharged, so as to achieve the purpose of thoroughly removing rock debris.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of spaced-apart disturbance mechanisms are arranged along the axial direction of the short cylinder 21. This allows the flowing medium and rock cuttings to more easily form vortex disturbances, thereby ensuring that the flowing medium and rock cuttings can more easily form a mixed solution to achieve the purpose of thoroughly removing rock cuttings.

[0061] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the disturbance mechanism is integrally machined from aluminum alloy. Therefore, the centering part 22 and the short cylinder 21, as well as the disturbance part 23 and the short cylinder 21, can have a firm connection, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the cementing device during the cementing operation.

[0062] In addition, since the entire structure is made of high-strength aluminum alloy material and machined in one piece, the overall weight of the disturbance mechanism is lighter, which reduces the burden on the pipe fittings compared to conventional rigid stabilizers. It also has the advantages of low friction, resistance to deformation, smooth and rounded overall lines, and is more conducive to the smooth insertion of the casing.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the short cylinder 21 is constructed as a hollow cylinder, and the height of the short cylinder 21 is 208mm and the wall thickness of the short cylinder 21 is 11mm; the height of the straightening part 22 is 168mm, the thickness of the straightening part 22 is 20mm, and the width of the straightening part 22 is 20mm.

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, according to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for displacing cuttings using a cementing device as described above is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0065] Step 1: Fix the disturbance mechanism outside the casing 10 and lower it into the wellbore 30.

[0066] Step 2: Pump flowing medium into casing 10 to replace rock cuttings.

[0067] Step one in this invention includes: the centering part 22 partially abuts against the wellbore 30, thereby ensuring that the casing 10 can always be centered during the cementing operation.

[0068] Step two in this invention includes: the flowing medium passes through the short cylinder 21 under pump pressure until the bottom of the well, so that it can come into contact with the rock cuttings and rise upward, and form a mixed solution under the vortex disturbance of the centralizing part 22 and the disturbance part 23, and then be discharged through the annular flow channel.

[0069] The above points will be illustrated with a specific example below.

[0070] In this embodiment, it is assumed that the initial upward velocity of the flowing medium after entering the bottom of the well and contacting the rock cuttings under the pump pressure is 10 m / s;

[0071] When the fluid reaches the lower part 233 of the disturbance section 23, the flow area is reduced due to the narrowing of the gap, so the upward velocity of the fluid rapidly increases to 20.5 m / s.

[0072] When the fluid reaches the middle 232 of the disturbance section 23, it encounters the obstruction of the straightening sections 22 on both sides, and some of the fluid begins to consume kinetic energy, so the upward velocity of the fluid drops to 13m / s.

[0073] Upon reaching the upper part 231 of the disturbance section 23, the upward velocity of the fluid rapidly increases to 17 m / s as it re-enters the uniform gap.

[0074] It is worth noting that within the disturbance section 23, the fluid undergoes frequent velocity changes and the shaking state is significantly aggravated. Therefore, a vortex disturbance region is easily formed within the disturbance section 23, which makes it easier to promote the formation of a mixed solution between the flowing medium and rock fragments, thus facilitating its upward discharge through the annular flow channel.

[0075] In the above process, the linear velocity of the fluid is 20.5–26.4 m / s, and the agitation velocity of the mixed solution is 17–21.8 m / s.

[0076] In one embodiment, the flowing medium includes any one of drilling fluid, pre-flush fluid, and cementing slurry.

[0077] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are:

[0078] Firstly, the disturbance mechanism in this invention can not only effectively center and straighten the casing 10 through the straightening part 22, but also improve the efficiency of displacing bottom hole impurities (rock cuttings and drilling fluid that is not easy to circulate) through the cooperation of the straightening part 22 and the disturbance part 23.

[0079] Secondly, the straightening part 22 and the disturbance part 23 in this invention can cause the fluid to form vortex disturbance by changing the flow channel, and the fluid will also form a vortex disturbance area within the range of the disturbance part 23. As a result, the fluid can more easily experience frequent speed changes and significantly agitation when passing through the turbulence disturbance component, thereby making it easier to form a mixed solution to achieve the purpose of thoroughly removing rock debris.

[0080] In addition, when eddy current disturbance is formed in the turbulence disturbance component, the flowing medium can more easily agitate the drilling fluid and cuttings that are not easy to circulate in the lower edge or gaps, so as to thoroughly displace the bottom hole impurities and circulate them out of the wellhead, thereby improving the displacement efficiency, which helps to promote the formation of a high-quality cementing surface between the cement slurry and the formation, and thus improves the overall quality of cementing.

[0081] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily make changes or modifications within the scope of the present invention, and such changes or modifications should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A cementing device, comprising: A cementing mechanism, comprising a wellbore (30) and a casing (10) concentrically arranged within the wellbore for injecting a flowing medium, and The disturbance mechanism includes a short cylinder (21) sleeved outside the sleeve (10) and a turbulence disturbance component disposed outside the short cylinder (21). An annular flow channel is formed between the wellbore and the casing (10). The flowing medium can contact the rock cuttings and form a mixed solution under the eddy current disturbance of the turbulence disturbance component, thereby being discharged upward through the annular flow channel.

2. The cementing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turbulence disturbance component includes a plurality of centralizing parts (22) and disturbance parts (23) arranged alternately along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the short cylinder (21), wherein the centralizing parts (22) partially abut against the wellbore.

3. The cementing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The disturbance part (23) is constructed as at least one of a V-shaped groove and a linear groove.

4. The cementing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The straightening part (22) is constructed in a V-shape, and both ends of the straightening part (22) are flush with both ends of the short cylinder (21). Both the straightening part (22) and the disturbance part (23) are configured to generate vortex disturbance by changing the flow channel, so as to promote the flow medium and the rock fragments to form a mixed solution.

5. The cementing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, in When the disturbance part (23) is constructed as a V-shaped structure, the included angle of the disturbance part (23) is not less than the included angle of the straightening part (22), and the included angle of the straightening part (22) is 25° to 40°.

6. The cementing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Multiple disturbance mechanisms are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the short cylinder (21).

7. The cementing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The disturbance mechanism is made of aluminum alloy through integrated machining.

8. A method for displacing cuttings using a cementing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Fix the disturbance mechanism outside the casing (10) and lower it into the wellbore; Step 2: Pump the flowing medium into the casing (10) to replace the rock cuttings.

9. The cementing method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step two includes the flowing medium passing through the short cylinder (21) under pump pressure and coming into contact with the rock cuttings, and forming a mixed solution under the vortex disturbance of the straightening part (22) and the disturbance part (23), thereby being discharged through the annular flow channel.

10. The cementing method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The flowing medium includes any one of drilling fluid, pre-flush fluid, and cementing slurry.

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