A boom-type tunneling machine cutting and drilling device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of cantilever type tunneling machine cutting drilling device, including two symmetrical installation in the rotation mechanism two sides of multi-drill position type drilling mechanism, two the multi-drill position type drilling mechanism coaxial arrangement, and the rotation mechanism is installed between the rotary mechanism and adapter arm, the adapter arm is detachably connected with hydraulic cantilever, the rotary mechanism is used to drive rotation mechanism and two multi-drill position type drilling mechanism along the rotation axis of rotation, rotation mechanism is used to drive two multi-drill position type drilling mechanism along respective axis rotation.The application can effectively improve the efficiency of operation and the durability of equipment, realize multi-angle flexible tunneling, integrate multiple function modes, can switch drilling mode as needed to adapt to different hardness of sand layer, and due to the modular structure, improve the convenience of maintenance.The application is suitable for the technical field of tunnel construction equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment. Specifically, it relates to a cutting and drilling device for a boom-type roadheader. Background Art

[0002] Most of the drilling actuators of existing drilling devices are designed with a single direction and a fixed single axis, lacking an adjustable rotary drive structure. They can only drill linearly in a fixed direction and cannot achieve the overall circumferential rotation adjustment of the drilling mechanism. In the face of the drilling requirements at different angles during the construction of sandy mountain tunnels, it is necessary to move the entire equipment body, which is cumbersome to operate and has low positioning accuracy, resulting in a significant decrease in construction efficiency. At the same time, most of the connection structures of existing devices are fixed welding types, and there is no detachable design for connecting with the construction boom. They cannot replace drilling components of different specifications according to construction needs and have weak adaptability to the geological conditions of different sandy mountains (such as loose sand layers, sandy pebble mixed layers). The characteristics of sandy mountains are that the soil is loose, has poor cohesion, and is prone to sand layer suspension and local hard points (such as sandy pebbles). The drilling head structure of existing drilling devices is not designed for these characteristics, resulting in low rock-breaking drilling efficiency. When encountering hard points or sudden changes in the drilling surface, the impact load generated is directly transmitted to the transmission mechanism and the body of the equipment, easily causing bending and fracture of components such as cutting tooth bits, and the equipment has a high failure rate. Moreover, relying only on the extrusion force of rigid drilling, the crushing effect on hard points is poor, and phenomena such as sticking of the drill and jamming of the drill are prone to occur. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a cutting and drilling device for a boom-type roadheader to improve the efficiency of operations and the durability of the equipment, achieve flexible tunneling at multiple angles, integrate multiple functional modes, and can switch the drilling mode as needed to adapt to sandy soil layers of different hardnesses. Moreover, due to the modular structure, the convenience of maintenance is improved.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows: A cutting and drilling device for a cantilever roadheader, comprising two multi-drill-bit drilling mechanisms symmetrically installed on both sides of a slewing mechanism. The two multi-drill-bit drilling mechanisms are coaxially arranged, and a rotating mechanism is installed between the slewing mechanism and the adapter arm. The adapter arm is detachably connected to the hydraulic cantilever. The rotating mechanism is used to drive the slewing mechanism and the two multi-drill-bit drilling mechanisms to rotate along the rotation axis of the rotating mechanism. The slewing mechanism is used to drive the two multi-drill-bit drilling mechanisms to rotate along their respective axes. The slewing mechanism includes a transmission worm gear rotatably installed in an assembly shell. The transmission worm gear is in transmission connection with a transmission worm. One axial end of the transmission worm is coaxially connected to the output shaft of a first hydraulic motor. Each multi-drill-bit drilling mechanism is detachably connected to the corresponding side of the transmission worm gear. A connecting sleeve is constructed in the middle of the transmission worm gear. The corresponding side of the multi-drill-bit drilling mechanism is threadedly connected to the connecting sleeve. The multi-drill-bit drilling mechanism includes a drilling roller, a drilling head, and a jet percussion head connected in sequence in the direction away from the slewing mechanism. The axes of the three coincide. One axial end of the drilling roller is detachably connected to the slewing mechanism. The radial length of the drilling head decreases from the drilling roller to the jet percussion head.

[0005] A further technical solution lies in that a helical blade spirally extending along its axial direction is constructed on the outer peripheral surface of the drilling roller. One end of the helical blade is constructed at one end of the drilling roller close to the slewing mechanism, and the other end of the helical blade extends to the small-diameter end of the drilling head.

[0006] A further technical solution lies in that a plurality of cutting teeth are fixed on the outer peripheral surfaces of both the drilling roller and the drilling head.

[0007] A further technical solution lies in that a first assembly cavity and a second assembly cavity that are interconnected are coaxially constructed in the drilling roller. The first assembly cavity is close to the drilling head. One end of the second assembly cavity far from the first assembly cavity penetrates through one end of the drilling roller close to the slewing mechanism. An elastic component is installed in the first assembly cavity. One end of the jet percussion head extending into the first assembly cavity is connected to the elastic component. A transfer column is assembled in the second assembly cavity. One end of the transfer column presses on one end of the elastic component far from the jet percussion head, and the other end of the transfer column is detachably connected to the slewing mechanism.

[0008] A further technical solution lies in that the jet percussion head has a movable rod that movably extends into the first assembly cavity along the axis of the drilling head. The elastic component includes a rigid spring coaxially arranged in the first assembly cavity. First and second connection seats are respectively fixed at both ends of the rigid spring. The first connection seat is detachably connected to the movable rod. The second connection seat is assembled in the second assembly cavity, and one end of the second connection seat far from the transfer column presses on the interface between the second assembly cavity and the first assembly cavity.

[0009] A further technical solution lies in that a jet distribution ring is coaxially and rotatably connected to the outer peripheral surface of one end of the drilling roll close to the slewing mechanism, an annular liquid inlet cavity is formed between the jet distribution ring and the drilling roll, a liquid inlet joint communicating with the annular liquid inlet cavity is configured on the jet distribution ring, a plurality of jet holes are uniformly formed in the jet impact head, and the annular liquid inlet cavity communicates with each jet hole.

[0010] A further technical solution lies in that the rotating mechanism includes a driven gear coaxially assembled on a rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft is connected to a fixed seat on the slewing mechanism, the other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a转接 arm, a second hydraulic motor is installed on the转接 arm, a driving gear is coaxially assembled on the output shaft of the second hydraulic motor, and the driving gear meshes with the driven gear.

[0011] Due to the adoption of the above structure, compared with the prior art, the technical progress achieved by the present invention is as follows: The two multi-drill-bit type drilling mechanisms of the present invention are coaxially symmetrically designed, and the face advance operation is carried out synchronously, greatly improving the tunneling efficiency of sandy mountain tunnels, reducing the exposure time of the face, and reducing the risk of sand layer collapse. The slewing mechanism and the rotating mechanism are independently driven to realize the self-rotation cutting and overall circumferential rotation angle adjustment of the multi-drill-bit type drilling mechanism, and can flexibly adapt to the tunneling requirements of different positions and angles of the face, improving the operation coverage and adaptability. The转接 arm is detachably connected to the hydraulic cantilever, and the equipment is convenient for disassembly, assembly and displacement, adapting to the switching of different operation stations in tunnel construction, and is also convenient for later maintenance and component replacement.

[0012] The present invention can adopt three different tunneling methods. The first method is flat push and direct cutting tunneling. In this method, the rotating mechanism remains stationary, and the two multi-drill-bit type drilling mechanisms are in a horizontal coaxial state, facing the tunnel face directly. The slewing mechanism drives them to rotate around their own axes to perform direct cutting tunneling on the face in a flat push manner. It is suitable for the loose fine sand layer in the middle of the face, without hard particles, and needs to quickly cut flat in a large area, taking into account slag discharge. The second method is oblique cutting angle tunneling. In this method, the rotating mechanism drives the slewing mechanism and the two multi-drill-bit type drilling mechanisms to rotate circumferentially at a small angle, making the multi-drill-bit type drilling mechanism in an oblique posture to face the face, and the slewing mechanism synchronously drives them to rotate around their own axes to perform oblique cutting angle tunneling. It is suitable for the medium-dense sand and pebble layer at the edge / corner of the face, containing a small amount of small pebbles, and needs to precisely trim the contour of the face to adapt to the requirements of tunnel section forming. The third method is large-area tunneling. The core is to drive the slewing mechanism and the two coaxial multi-drill-bit type drilling mechanisms on both sides to rotate circumferentially in a large range through the rotating mechanism, and cooperate with the slewing mechanism to drive the drilling mechanism to rotate around its own axis to realize large-area and full-coverage tunneling of the loose area. It is suitable for extremely loose sand layers, without repeatedly tunneling a single point. The large-area sweeping rotation tunneling can quickly form a stable tunneling face, and the two multi-drill-bit type drilling mechanisms are coaxially arranged, further improving the operation efficiency of the sweeping rotation.

[0013] In summary, the present invention can effectively improve the efficiency of operations and the durability of equipment, achieve flexible tunneling at multiple angles, integrate multiple functional modes, and can switch the drilling mode as needed to adapt to sandy soil layers of different hardnesses. Moreover, due to the modular structure, the convenience of maintenance is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

[0015] In the drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of the connection between the slewing mechanism and two multi-drill-bit drilling mechanisms in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the slewing mechanism with a partial cut-away in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the first hydraulic motor in the slewing mechanism in a disassembled state in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of the multi-drill-bit drilling mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is an axial sectional view of the multi-drill-bit drilling mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of the connection between the drilling roller and the drilling head in the multi-drill-bit drilling mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 is an axial sectional view of the connection between the drilling roller and the drilling head in the multi-drill-bit drilling mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of the connection between the jet percussion head, the elastic component and the adapter column in the multi-drill-bit drilling mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of the jet percussion head in the multi-drill-bit drilling mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 is a schematic structural view of the connection between the rotating mechanism and the adapter arm in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 is a schematic structural view of the first drilling method in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 is a schematic structural view of the second drilling method in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 is a schematic structural view of the third drilling method in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Labeled components: 100 - multi - drill - position drilling mechanism, 101 - drilling roller, 102 - drilling head, 103 - jet - type percussion head, 104 - spiral blade, 105 - cutting tooth, 106 - movable rod, 107 - operation port, 108 - first channel, 109 - jet hole, 110 - hard spring, 111 - first connecting seat, 112 - limiting groove, 113 - limiting strip, 114 - second connecting seat, 115 - assembly hole, 116 - second assembly cavity, 117 - buffer block, 118 - adapter column, 119 - second channel, 120 - first connecting hole, 121 - second connecting hole, 122 - jet distribution ring, 123 - liquid inlet joint, 124 - annular liquid inlet cavity, 125 - first assembly cavity, 200 - slewing mechanism, 201 - assembly shell, 202 - driving worm gear, 203 - connecting sleeve, 204 - driving worm, 205 - first hydraulic motor, 300 - adapter arm, 400 - rotating mechanism, 401 - rotating shaft, 402 - driven gear, 403 - second hydraulic motor, 404 - driving gear, 500 - fixed seat. [[ID=【2】]]Specific embodiments

[0017] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] The present invention discloses a cutting and drilling device for a cantilever roadheader, as Figures 1-14 shown, including two multi - drill - position drilling mechanisms 100 symmetrically installed on both sides of the slewing mechanism 200. These two multi - drill - position drilling mechanisms 100 are coaxially arranged, and a rotating mechanism 400 is installed between the slewing mechanism 200 and the adapter arm 300. The adapter arm 300 is detachably connected to the hydraulic cantilever. The rotating mechanism 400 is used to drive the slewing mechanism 200 and the two multi - drill - position drilling mechanisms 100 to rotate along the rotating shaft 401 of the rotating mechanism 400, and the slewing mechanism 200 is used to drive the two multi - drill - position drilling mechanisms 100 to rotate along their respective axes.

[0019] The working principle and advantages of the present invention are as follows: In the present invention, the two multi - drill - position drilling mechanisms 100 are coaxially symmetrically designed, and the face - tunneling operation is carried out synchronously, greatly improving the tunneling efficiency of sandy mountain tunnel construction, reducing the exposure time of the face, and reducing the risk of sand layer collapse. The slewing mechanism 200 and the rotating mechanism 400 are independently driven, realizing the self - rotation cutting and the overall circumferential rotation angle adjustment of the multi - drill - position drilling mechanism 100, which can flexibly adapt to the tunneling requirements of different positions and angles of the face, and improve the operation coverage and adaptability. The adapter arm 300 is detachably connected to the hydraulic cantilever, making the equipment disassembly, installation and displacement convenient, adapting to the switching of different operation stations in tunnel construction, and also facilitating the later maintenance and component replacement.

[0020] The present invention can adopt three different tunneling methods. The first method is flat-pushing and tangential tunneling. As shown in Figure 12 , in this method, the rotating mechanism 400 remains stationary. The two multi-bit drilling mechanisms 100 are in a horizontal coaxial state, facing the tunnel face directly. The slewing mechanism 200 drives them to rotate around their own axes, and performs frontal cutting tunneling on the face in a flat-pushing manner. It is suitable for the loose fine sand layer in the middle of the face, without hard particles, requires rapid large-area flat cutting, and takes into account slag discharge. The second method is oblique cutting-angle tunneling. As shown in Figure 13 , in this method, the rotating mechanism 400 drives the slewing mechanism 200 and the two multi-bit drilling mechanisms 100 to rotate circumferentially at a small angle, making the multi-bit drilling mechanisms 100 in an oblique posture to align with the face. The slewing mechanism 200 synchronously drives them to rotate around their own axes to perform oblique cutting-angle tunneling. It is suitable for the medium-dense sand and pebble layer at the edge / corner of the face, containing a small amount of small pebbles, requires precise trimming of the face contour, and adapts to the requirements of tunnel section forming. The third method is large-area tunneling. As shown in Figure 14 , the core is to drive the slewing mechanism 200 and the multi-bit drilling mechanisms 100 on both sides with the same axis by the rotating mechanism 400 to make a large-range circumferential rotation, and cooperate with the slewing mechanism 200 to drive the drilling mechanism to rotate around its own axis, so as to achieve large-area and full-coverage tunneling of the loose area. It is suitable for extremely loose sand layers, does not require repeated tunneling of a single point, and the large-area sweeping rotation tunneling can quickly form a stable tunneling face. Moreover, the two multi-bit drilling mechanisms 100 are coaxially arranged, further improving the operation efficiency of the sweeping rotation.

[0021] In summary, the present invention can effectively improve the operation efficiency and equipment durability, achieve flexible tunneling at multiple angles, integrate multiple functional modes, can switch the drilling mode as needed to adapt to sand soil layers of different hardnesses, and due to the modular structure, improve the convenience of maintenance. <000008,

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 [[ID= and , the slewing mechanism 200 includes a driving worm gear 202, a driving worm 204 and a first hydraulic motor 205. Among them, the driving worm gear 202 is rotatably installed in the assembly shell 201. The driving worm gear 202 is in transmission connection with the driving worm 204. One axial end of the driving worm 204 is coaxially connected with the output shaft of the first hydraulic motor 205. Each multi-bit drilling mechanism 100 is detachably connected to the corresponding side of the driving worm gear 202. A connecting sleeve 203 is constructed in the middle of the driving worm gear 202. The corresponding side of the multi-bit drilling mechanism 100 is threadedly connected to the connecting sleeve 203, and the rotating direction of the multi-bit drilling mechanism 100 is in the tightened state of the thread.

[0023] In this embodiment, a meshing transmission structure of a driving worm gear 202 and a driving worm 204 is adopted, which is driven in cooperation with a first hydraulic motor 205. The power output of the first hydraulic motor 205 is stable and has a large torque, which can adapt to the variable load requirements generated by cutting and knocking during the tunneling of sandy mountains, effectively avoid the sudden loss of power during sticking or jamming of the drill, and meet the different tunneling power requirements from loose sand layers to sand layers containing hard particles. The transmission between the driving worm gear 202 and the driving worm 204 has self-locking property. When the multi-bit drilling mechanism 100 is affected by the sand body reaction force or the equipment stops running, it can effectively prevent the driving worm gear 202 from rotating in the reverse direction, avoid the collapse of the sand body at the tunnel face caused by the backward movement of the multi-bit drilling mechanism 100, ensure the position stability of the tunneling operation, and at the same time reduce the power loss of the hydraulic system. The driving worm gear 202 is rotatably installed in the assembly shell 201. The assembly shell 201 provides a closed protection space for the transmission components, can effectively block the loose sand grains and dust generated during the tunneling of sandy mountains from entering the transmission meshing surface, avoid tooth surface wear and the increase of meshing clearance, extend the service life of the transmission components, and ensure the stability of the power transmission efficiency.

[0024] A connecting sleeve 203 is integrally constructed in the middle of the driving worm gear 202, which provides a unified and accurate connection reference for the multi-bit drilling mechanism 100, ensures the coaxial assembly of the multi-bit drilling mechanisms 100 on both sides with the driving worm gear 202, guarantees the concentricity of the two multi-bit drilling mechanisms 100 during self-rotating tunneling, avoids uneven tunneling force and uneven tunneling of the tunnel face caused by coaxiality deviation, and at the same time prevents eccentric wear of the single-side multi-bit drilling mechanism 100, improving the overall operation accuracy of the equipment. The detachable method of threaded connection is adopted. Compared with structures such as welding and clamping, the disassembly, replacement and installation of the multi-bit drilling mechanism 100 can be completed without special disassembly tools, adapting to the maintenance requirements of the narrow space in tunnel construction. When the vulnerable parts of the multi-bit drilling mechanism 100 are damaged, the whole machine or individual parts can be quickly replaced, reducing the equipment downtime and avoiding the collapse of the loose sand layer at the tunnel face caused by long-term exposure. The screwed joint structure has the characteristics of high connection strength, can withstand the axial thrust and circumferential torque generated during the tunneling of the sandy layer, effectively prevent the loosening of the drilling mechanism during high-speed self-rotation and strong cutting, and ensure the safety of the tunneling operation.

[0025] The self-rotation tunneling direction of the multi-bit drilling mechanism 100 is consistent with the tightening direction of the thread. When rotating and cutting under the drive of the rotary mechanism 200, the circumferential torque generated will continuously form a tightening force on the thread connection surface, making the connection part tighter and tighter as the tunneling operation progresses, completely avoiding the loosening and displacement problems that occur in the traditional connection structure under high-speed rotation and variable load conditions. It effectively offsets the impact reaction force during tunneling in sandy mountain bodies. When the multi-bit drilling mechanism 100 encounters impact loads caused by hard particles and uneven surfaces on the heading face, the axial and circumferential reaction forces will not cause the thread connection to loosen, but will further strengthen the connection tightness, ensuring the assembly stability of the multi-bit drilling mechanism 100 and preventing equipment failures and construction safety accidents caused by loosening.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 11 shown, the rotating mechanism 400 includes a driven gear 402 coaxially assembled on the rotating shaft 401. One end of the rotating shaft 4 is connected to the fixed seat 500 on the rotary mechanism 200, and the other end of the rotating shaft 401 is rotatably connected to the transfer arm 300. A second hydraulic motor 403 is installed on the transfer arm 300, and a driving gear 404 is coaxially assembled on the output shaft of the second hydraulic motor 403. The driving gear 404 meshes with the driven gear 402.

[0027] In this embodiment, the second hydraulic motor 403 is paired with the meshing transmission structure of the driving gear 404 and the driven gear 402. The second hydraulic motor 403 has the characteristics of large torque and flexible speed regulation, and can smoothly output power to drive the rotating shaft 401 to rotate, realizing the precise angle control of the multi-bit drilling mechanism 100 and adapting to the switching requirements of different tunneling postures such as flat pushing, bevel cutting, and large-range sweeping rotation of the heading face; the transmission ratio of gear meshing transmission is fixed, and there is no power transmission gap, avoiding mechanism displacement and angle deviation during the angle adjustment process, ensuring the operation stability of the multi-bit drilling mechanism 100 after angle adjustment, and preventing uneven force and sand layer collapse on the sandy heading face due to tunneling angle deviation. One end of the rotating shaft 401 is rigidly connected to the fixed seat 500 of the rotary mechanism 200, ensuring the connection firmness between the rotating mechanism 400 and the rotary mechanism 200, and can effectively withstand the axial thrust and circumferential reaction forces generated during tunneling, preventing the overall mechanism from loosening; the other end is rotatably connected to the transfer arm 300, reducing the frictional resistance when the rotating shaft 401 rotates, making the overall rotation angle adjustment of the drilling mechanism smoother, and at the same time separating the rotational movement of the rotary mechanism 200 from the fixed support of the transfer arm 300, avoiding power transmission to the hydraulic cantilever and causing additional loads, and protecting the hydraulic cantilever connection structure.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 5As shown in the figure, the multi-bit drilling mechanism 100 includes a drilling roller 101, a drilling head 102, and a jet percussion head 103 that are connected in sequence in the direction away from the rotary mechanism 200, and the axes of the three coincide. One axial end of the drilling roller 101 is detachably connected to the rotary mechanism 200, and the radial length of the drilling head 102 decreases from the drilling roller 101 to the jet percussion head 103. A spiral blade 104 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the drilling roller 101 and extends spirally along its axis. One end of the spiral blade 104 is formed at one end of the drilling roller 101 close to the rotary mechanism 200, and the other end of the spiral blade 104 extends to the small-diameter end of the drilling head 102. A plurality of cutting teeth 105 are fixed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the drilling roller 101 and the drilling head 102.

[0029] In this embodiment, the drilling roller 101, the drilling head 102, and the jet percussion head 103 are connected in sequence along the same axis, ensuring coaxial power transmission and uniform force during tunneling, avoiding mechanism crosstalk and uneven tunneling of the tunnel face caused by off-axis deviation and preventing the sand layer from collapsing due to local stress concentration; the three are arranged in sequence away from the rotary mechanism 200, so that the tunneling force is transmitted to the tunnel face along the positive axis direction without the interference of radial components, greatly reducing the equipment deviation risk during tunneling in sandy layers, and at the same time providing a stable structural foundation for subsequent combined actions of jetting, percussion, and cutting. The spiral blade 104 extends spirally along the axis of the drilling roller 101 and its end reaches the small-diameter end of the drilling head 102, forming a spiral conveying structure throughout the tunneling section. During tunneling, it rotates synchronously with the rotation of the mechanism, and can quickly convey the loose sand scraped by the cutting teeth 105 along the spiral surface outside the tunnel face, realizing slag discharge while tunneling and avoiding the accumulation of sand between the tunneling face and the mechanism to hinder construction. The cutting teeth 105 are fixed throughout the outer peripheral surfaces of the drilling roller 101 and the drilling head 102, achieving cutting coverage of the entire tunneling face. The cutting teeth 105 at the drilling roller 101 are responsible for scraping and rough cutting of the large-area loose sand on the tunnel face, and the cutting teeth 105 at the drilling head 102 are used for precise fine cutting of local hard particles and sand pebbles in the sand layer, meeting the tunneling requirements of uneven hardness in sandy mountains; the overall layout evenly disperses the cutting load, avoiding overload wear of local cutting teeth 105, extending the service life of components, and at the same time improving the overall crushing efficiency of the sand body, reducing the phenomena of drill jamming and bit sticking. The integrated coaxial design of the drilling roller 101, the drilling head 102, and the jet percussion head 103, and the spiral blade 104 and the cutting teeth 105 are directly formed / fixed on the outer peripheral surface without redundant structures, making the overall volume compact and not interfering with the tunnel surrounding rock and support structure, adapting to the narrow construction space of the tunnel face.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figures 6-10As shown, a first assembly cavity 125 and a second assembly cavity 116 that are interconnected are coaxially constructed within the drilling roller 101. The first assembly cavity 125 is close to the drilling head 102, and one end of the second assembly cavity 116 away from the first assembly cavity 125 penetrates through one end of the drilling roller 101 close to the slewing mechanism 200. An elastic component is installed in the first assembly cavity 125. One end of the jet percussion head 103 extending into the first assembly cavity 125 is connected to the elastic component. A transfer column 118 is threadedly connected in the second assembly cavity 116. One end of the transfer column 118 presses against one end of the elastic component away from the jet percussion head 103, and the other end of the transfer column 118 is threadedly connected to the slewing mechanism 200. An assembly hole 115 is coaxially formed in the drilling head 102, and the assembly hole 115 communicates the outside with the first assembly cavity 125. The jet percussion head 103 has a movable rod 106. The movable rod 106 is movably assembled in the assembly hole 115 along the axis of the drilling head 102, and the end of the movable rod 106 extends into the first assembly cavity 125. An operation port 107 is formed at this end of the movable rod 106 to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the movable rod 106 and the elastic component. In this embodiment, the elastic component includes a rigid spring 110 coaxially arranged in the first assembly cavity 125. First and second connection seats 111 and 114 are respectively fixed at both ends of the rigid spring 110. The first connection seat 111 is threadedly connected to the movable rod 106. The second connection seat 114 is assembled in the second assembly cavity 116, and one end of the second connection seat 114 away from the transfer column 118 presses against the interface between the second assembly cavity 116 and the first assembly cavity 125. Two limiting strips 113 are circumferentially spaced in the first assembly cavity 125. Each limiting strip 113 extends along the axial direction of the first assembly cavity 125. Limiting grooves 112 are formed on the circumferential surface of the first connection seat 111 corresponding to the limiting strips 113. The limiting strips 113 are adapted to the limiting grooves 112. A buffer block 117 is provided between the adapter seat and the second connection seat 114.

[0031] In this embodiment, a first assembly cavity 125 and a second assembly cavity 116 that are coaxially constructed and interconnected are formed inside the drilling roller 101. The first assembly cavity 125 is in through connection with the assembly hole 115 of the drill head 102, providing a coaxial installation and movement reference for the elastic component, the transfer column 118, and the movable rod 106 of the jet percussion head 103, ensuring that the actions of all internal components are along the axis of the multi-drill-bit drilling mechanism 100, avoiding the inaccuracy of percussion and buffering actions caused by radial offset, and ensuring that the reciprocating percussion force of the jet percussion head 103 acts on the tunnel face along the positive direction of the axis without radial component force causing equipment eccentric load and sand layer extrusion and collapse. The second assembly cavity 116 penetrates through one end of the drilling roller 101 close to the slewing mechanism 200, which is convenient for the transfer column 118 and the elastic component to be inserted into the assembly cavity from the end, adapting to the narrow construction space of the tunnel face. Without disassembling the external structure of the multi-drill-bit drilling mechanism 100, the internal components can be installed, and at the same time, the transfer column 118 can be directly connected to the slewing mechanism 200 to achieve the direct transmission of the power of the slewing mechanism 200 to the elastic component and the jet percussion head 103, reducing power loss.

[0032] In this embodiment, the axial limiting strip 113 in the first assembly cavity 125 is precisely adapted to the limiting groove 112 on the circumferential surface of the first connecting seat 111 to form a circumferential anti-rotation structure, which not only prevents the hard spring 110 from undergoing circumferential torsion during compression and rebound, avoiding spring failure and elastic force attenuation, but also can fix the relative positions of the first connecting seat 111 and the movable rod 106, preventing the loosening of their threaded connection during high-frequency percussion and rotary cutting, and ensuring the coherence of the percussion action. The anti-rotation structure allows the movable rod 106 to only perform reciprocating linear motion along the axis without circumferential rotation, avoiding the rotational friction between the movable rod 106 and the inner wall of the assembly hole 115, reducing the risk of component wear and jamming, and at the same time ensuring that the orientation of the jet holes 109 on the jet percussion head 103 is always stable, ensuring that the high-pressure jet acts precisely on the tunneling face and improving the effects of jet erosion and dust reduction and cooling.

[0033] In this embodiment, the buffer block 117 provided between the adapter column 118 and the second connection base 114 can effectively absorb the axial impact reaction force generated during the knocking and cutting processes, preventing the impact load from directly passing through the adapter column 118 to the slewing mechanism 200 and the rotating mechanism 400, protecting the transmission structures such as worm gears and gear meshing, reducing problems such as tooth surface wear and enlarged meshing clearance, improving the overall transmission stability of the equipment, and reducing the failure rate. The buffer block 117 can disperse the local pressure of the adapter column 118 on the second connection base 114, preventing the second connection base 114 from being deformed or cracked due to long-term high-pressure extrusion, and at the same time reducing the hard contact wear between the adapter column 118 and the second connection base 114, extending their service lives, and reducing the equipment maintenance cost. In this embodiment, the elastic component, the adapter column 118, and the jet knocking head 103's movable rod 106 are all integrated inside the drilling roller 101, without external redundant structures, making the overall structure of the multi-bit drilling mechanism 100 compact, avoiding interference with the tunnel surrounding rock and the support structure, adapting to narrow construction spaces, and at the same time, the internal components cooperate with the external spiral blade 104 and the cutting teeth 105. The jet knocking head 103 breaks hard particles, the jet erodes the sand layer, the cutting teeth 105 cut and掘进 (should be "excavate" in English), and the spiral blade 104 discharges the slag, realizing an integrated compound operation of knocking, jetting, cutting, and slag discharging, greatly improving the tunneling efficiency in the sandy layer.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 6 shown, a jet distribution ring 122 is coaxially rotatably connected to the outer peripheral surface of one end of the drilling roller 101 close to the slewing mechanism 200. An annular liquid inlet cavity 124 is formed between the jet distribution ring 122 and the drilling roller 101. A liquid inlet joint 123 communicating with the annular liquid inlet cavity 124 is constructed on the jet distribution ring 122. A plurality of jet holes 109 are evenly opened on the jet knocking head 103. A first channel 108 is opened along the axis inside the movable rod 106. The first channel 108 penetrates through the movable rod 106 and the jet knocking head 103, and the first channel 108 communicates with each jet hole 109. A second channel 119 is opened in the adapter column 118. The second channel 119 is communicated with the second connection hole 121 on the drilling roller 101 through the first connection hole 120 on the adapter column 118. The second connection hole 121 is communicated with the annular liquid inlet cavity 124, thereby realizing the communication between the annular liquid inlet cavity 124 and each jet hole 109.

[0035] In this embodiment, the jet distribution ring 122 is coaxially and rotationally connected to the drilling roller 101. When the multi-drill-position drilling mechanism 100 rotates self-drivenly under the drive of the slewing mechanism 200, the jet distribution ring 122 can remain stationary. The liquid inlet joint 123 can continuously and stably connect to the external liquid supply pipeline, completely avoiding problems such as winding and breaking of the pipeline due to the self-rotation of the multi-drill-position drilling mechanism 100, achieving uninterrupted continuous liquid supply, and ensuring the continuous progress of jet erosion, cooling, and dust reduction. An annular liquid inlet cavity 124 is formed between the jet distribution ring 122 and the drilling roller 101, replacing the traditional single-channel liquid supply structure, enabling the high-pressure / pulsed pressure water to flow evenly in the annular liquid inlet cavity 124, and then being transported to the jet holes 109 through subsequent channels, avoiding local pressure loss during liquid supply, ensuring that the water outlet pressure and flow rate of each jet hole 109 are consistent, and achieving uniform jet coverage in the heading face excavation area. The annular liquid inlet cavity 124 is a closed structure and is coaxially designed with the drilling roller 101, which can effectively prevent sand and dust and loose sand bodies from entering the jet channel and causing blockage, while reducing the leakage of pressure water, improving the hydraulic utilization rate, and reducing the water consumption during construction.

[0036] In this embodiment, the first channel 108 in the movable rod 106 penetrates through to the jet percussion head 103 and is directly connected to each jet hole 109, enabling the pressure water to be directly transported to the excavation operation end. The jet holes 109 are close to the heading face operation area, greatly improving the accuracy of jet erosion, avoiding the diffusion loss of pressure water during long-distance transportation. At the same time, the pulsed pressure water can directly drive the jet percussion head 103 to complete the percussion action through this channel, achieving the transportation of the same power source for jet and percussion, and simplifying the structural design. The second channel 119 in the adapter column 118 realizes the precise connection between the annular liquid inlet cavity 124 and the first channel 108 in the movable rod 106, forming a hydraulic connection between the fixed annular liquid inlet cavity 124 and the reciprocating and telescopic movable rod 106. When the movable rod 106 reciprocates along the axis during the percussion process, the jet channel always remains unobstructed and will not break the flow due to the movement of components, ensuring the synchronization of jet and percussion actions.

[0037] In this embodiment, the jet channel is not an additional installation but is opened by reusing the internal spaces of the drilling roller 101, the adapter column 118, and the movable rod 106, deeply integrating the hydraulic transportation with the component structure. There is no need to add complex jet pipelines outside the multi-drill-position drilling mechanism 100, making the overall structure of the multi-drill-position drilling mechanism 100 more compact and smaller in size, effectively avoiding interference with the tunnel surrounding rock and the support structure, and perfectly adapting to the narrow construction space of the tunnel heading face. The adapter column 118 and the movable rod 106 not only perform functions such as mechanical transmission, elastic buffering, and percussion actions but also serve as components of the jet channel. One component has multiple functions, greatly simplifying the internal structure of the multi-drill-position drilling mechanism 100, reducing the number of components, lowering the failure rate and maintenance cost of the equipment, and at the same time improving the degree of integration of the structure.

[0038] The design of the jet channel in this embodiment is the core hydraulic support for the compound tunneling function of the entire device. It not only solves the problem of continuous liquid supply during the self-rotation of the multi-bit drilling mechanism 100, but also realizes the synchronous drive of jet and percussion, and the efficient coordination of jet and cutting. At the same time, it takes into account the structural compactness, disassembly and maintenance, and construction safety, perfectly adapting to the complex tunneling conditions of the sandy mountain tunnel face, maximizing the role of high-pressure / pulse pressure water, and greatly improving the tunneling efficiency and adaptability of the device.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cutting and drilling device for a cantilever tunneling machine, characterized in that: The system includes two multi-position drilling mechanisms symmetrically mounted on both sides of a rotary mechanism. The two multi-position drilling mechanisms are coaxially arranged, and a rotating mechanism is installed between the rotary mechanism and the adapter arm. The adapter arm is detachably connected to a hydraulic cantilever. The rotating mechanism drives the rotary mechanism and the two multi-position drilling mechanisms to rotate along the rotation axis of the rotary mechanism. The rotary mechanism drives the two multi-position drilling mechanisms to rotate along their respective axes. The rotary mechanism includes a transmission worm gear rotatably mounted within an assembly housing. The system is connected to a worm gear drive, with one axial end of the worm gear coaxially connected to the output shaft of the first hydraulic motor. Each of the multi-position drilling mechanisms is detachably connected to the corresponding side of the worm gear. A connecting sleeve is constructed in the middle of the worm gear, and the corresponding side of each multi-position drilling mechanism is threadedly connected to the connecting sleeve. Each multi-position drilling mechanism includes a drilling roller, a drilling head, and a jet-type striking head connected sequentially in the direction opposite to the rotary mechanism, with their axes coinciding. One axial end of the drilling roller is detachably connected to the rotary mechanism. The radial length of the drill bit decreases from the drill roller to the jet-type striking head. A first assembly cavity and a second assembly cavity are coaxially constructed within the drill roller and communicate with each other. The first assembly cavity is close to the drill bit, and the end of the second assembly cavity away from the first assembly cavity passes through the end of the drill roller near the rotary mechanism. An elastic component is installed in the first assembly cavity. The end of the jet-type striking head extending into the first assembly cavity is connected to the elastic component. A transition post is installed in the second assembly cavity. One end of the transition post presses against the end of the elastic component away from the jet-type striking head, and the other end of the transition post is detachably connected to the rotary mechanism. The jet-type striking head has a movable rod that extends movably into the first assembly cavity along the axis of the drill bit. The elastic component includes a rigid spring coaxially disposed within the first assembly cavity. A first connecting seat and a second connecting seat are fixed to both ends of the rigid spring, respectively. The first connecting seat is detachably connected to the movable rod, and the second connecting seat is assembled within the second assembly cavity, with the end of the second connecting seat away from the transition post pressing against the interface between the second and first assembly cavities.

2. The cantilever tunneling machine cutting and drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circumferential surface of the drilling roller is provided with helical blades extending helically along its axis. One end of the helical blades is constructed at the end of the drilling roller near the rotating mechanism, and the other end of the helical blades extends to the small diameter end of the drilling head.

3. The cantilever tunneling machine cutting and drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple cutting teeth are fixed on the outer circumferential surfaces of the drilling roller and the drilling head.

4. The cantilever tunneling machine cutting and drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A jet distribution ring is coaxially rotatably connected to the outer circumferential surface of the drilling roller near the rotary mechanism. An annular liquid inlet cavity is formed between the jet distribution ring and the drilling roller. A liquid inlet connector communicating with the annular liquid inlet cavity is constructed on the jet distribution ring. Multiple jet holes are evenly opened on the jet-type striking head. The annular liquid inlet cavity communicates with each jet hole.

5. The cantilever tunneling machine cutting and drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism includes a driven gear coaxially mounted on a rotating shaft. One end of the rotating shaft is connected to a fixed seat on the rotary mechanism, and the other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a transfer arm. A second hydraulic motor is mounted on the transfer arm, and a driving gear is coaxially mounted on the output shaft of the second hydraulic motor. The driving gear and the driven gear mesh with each other.

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